Elimination Of Waste Research Articles

The degree to which public high schools principals in Jordan practice visual management from the teachers' point of view

This study aims to determining the degree to which public high school principals in Jordan practice visual management from the teachers' point of view. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive survey approach. For this purpose, a (49) items questionnaire was developed and distributed into three areas: work rules, diagnosis, and elimination of waste. After confirming its validity and reliability indications, the survey distributed to (375) teachers. The results of the study showed that the extent of public high school principals in Jordan practicing visual management was moderate, and there are statistically significant differences of the degree of public high school principals’ practice visual management due to the gender in favor of females, and to experience to ten years or more. While the study showed that there is a not statistically significant difference due to qualification. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommended that the Ministry of Education in Jordan conduct training courses for school principals, with the aim of informing them about the topic of visual management, to be applied in their schools, because of its great importance in developing school administration, and conducting other complementary research.

Critical success factors for Lean Six Sigma in business school: A view from the lecturers

Lean is a process improvement approach to improve organization’s efficiency by identifying and eliminate non-value-added activities, while Six Sigma is a methodology focused on reduction of process variation. The integration of both, namely Lean Six Sigma (LSS) drives organization on waste elimination, variation reduction and value creation, which ultimately enhancing organizational performance. LSS has been viewed by prior scholars as one of effective approach for business improvement regardless of manufacturing or services industry. However, the research of LSS in education sector, particularly for business school is relatively lacking. Hence, this research aimed to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) for LSS within a business school in Malaysia. The research also aimed to explore the relationship between the LSS, CSFs, and organization performance. There were six CSFs identified from literature review, while organization performance is assessed via the concept of system theory. The research was quantitative based with the lecturers in the business school as the targeted population. Questionnaire was distributed based on stratified sampling plan with 69 responded. Descriptive and Pearson correlation analysis result revealed that lecturers within the business school perceived that all the six LSS CSFs as “very important”, and strongly correlated with organization performance, except CSF “project selection and prioritization”. As implication, finding from this research suggested that the adaption of LSS between manufacturing and education sectors shared the commonality in term of CSF. However, the business school should look into project proposal from the lecturers’ perspective as an alternate source of process improvement opportunity.

Kaizen Costing – A Continuous Improvement Strategy of the Organisations

Nowadays, in the business field, a perpetual tendency of cost reduction, labor optimization, waste elimination and continuous improvement is perceived. It is self-evident that achieving these objectives requires a strategy, so that Kaizen costing is helpful in this respect. The approach aims at fulfilling these purposes and, at the same time, creates a pleasant environment, in a permanent organic growth, both for the employees and the management and the entire community. The object of the research hereby is presenting the Kaizen costing strategy, its principles and rules, but at the same time it focuses on highlighting the implementation of this approach at the level of industries with very different fields of activity. Is the Kaizen strategy really efficient for achieving the mentioned objectives? Can it be successfully implemented within organizations from different industries? Does Kaizen costing have benefits and limitations? Does it contribute to increasing the efficiency of the manufacturing process? These are just a few of the questions to which the study hereby is trying to answer, being intended for those who strongly believe that there is always room for improvement.

Review: Factors Affecting Biogas Production

Abstract: Bioenergy, a renewable energy holds a promising solution to the most pressing problems of energy crises and waste treatment, disposal and thereby creating a circular economy. There is a need to exploit biogas potential to the fullest to enhance its productivity and utilize it for heating, cooling, generating electricity and also for transportation. Valorisation of the municipal solid waste (MSW), agricultural non-fodder waste, sewage sludge, animal waste, etc., for energy production (biogas), material recovery (fertilizers) and waste elimination (waste treatment) attracts the attention of the researchers. This research review highlights the crucial parameters like pH, temperature, OLR, HRT, etc. affecting the biogas productivity and provide insights to run the digesters at optimum conditions thus optimizing the biogas yield. Keywords: Biogas, Bio-energy, Anaerobic Digestion, Co-digestion

Keeping Fit in Later Medieval England: Exercise for Man and Beast

AbstractThis article begins by exploring ideas about physical exercise as outlined in the advice literature that circulated widely in late medieval and early sixteenth‐century England. Whereas other aspects of these popular guides to health have attracted considerable interest on the part of medical and cultural historians, recommendations about exercise have been largely neglected. Yet it was deemed essential for both physical and mental wellbeing. Its principal function was to augment and redistribute the body's innate heat, which functioned as ‘Nature's primary instrument’, while improving digestion and the elimination of waste, encouraging restorative sleep, and combatting stress. These ideas spread rapidly throughout society, being harnessed to suit the practical needs of many classes of people, especially after the Black Death when keeping fit became a priority. Not even animals could escape current assumptions about the importance of remaining active, while political theorists emphasised the need to purge idle and unproductive elements from the communal body.

Lean management and sustainable practices in Higher Education Institutions of Brazil and Portugal: A cross country perspective

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the perception of Lean management practices and its influence on sustainability practices in Higher Education Institutions (HEI). The theoretical background was supported by Lean management and sustainable practices in HEI, which were used to design the research model. The research methodology comprises a quantitative research characterized as a survey, whose data collection was carried out through a questionnaire. The study population was the academic staff of HEI in Brazil and Portugal. A valid sample of 966 valid responses was obtained. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and, structural equation modeling. The results allowed the evaluation of a significant and positive relationship between the second-order construct, called HEI Lean practices, and the environmental, economic and social practices. A moderating effect was also found as significant between the relation of Lean and social practices. These findings demonstrated the relevance of aspects such as leadership and systemic vision to support staff activities, continuous improvement and waste elimination as a daily practice, long-term thinking and the focus on the student as building blocks of the HEI success in promoting sustainability practices and thinking.

Bioreactors and the generation of green energy in farms

Bioreactors are an ideal method for the elimination of waste in farms, thus avoiding contamination and giving the supply of energy produced from biogas that can be used in different ways, this article is based on the creation of a biodigester, for the management of organic waste on farms.

Synchronization of Lean Accounting Alert and Entrepreneurial Sustainability among Micro Firms in Nigeria during Pandemic and Catastrophe: Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

This study focused on the synchronization of lean accounting alert and entrepreneurial sustainability in micro firms in Nigeria during pandemic and catastrophe era. The time horizon cross-sectional survey was adopted with time frame of 2020-2021 to experiment the alertness of lean accounting by professional accountants. Hence, from the 1875, only 370 were selected because they deem fit for the transformational change on lean adoption. The multi-stage cluster sampling technique was introduced in liaison with systematic sampling techniques to select the appropriate respondents. The instrument was administered, only 354 were credibly retrieved. The instrument was validated on face and content validity, while the internal consistency of the test retest was determined by using Cronbach Alpha co-efficient with elimination of error and defect(α =0.888 ), elimination of waste (α=0.874 ) and product sustainability (α=0.921) . To ascertain the principal component from the threshold the KMO and Bartlett’s test were introduced for the sample adequacy and appropriateness of sphericity respectively. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation was utilized for analysis of the two hypotheses with SPSS version IBM 25. From the findings, lean accounting alert influence product sustainability . Based on the findings and conclusion, this study contributes to the knowledge that the practices and process of lean improvement, lean culture and lean thinking are major alertness to improve product sustainability in the micro firms in Nigeria . It could be recommended that elimination of waste, error and defect should be practice with lean process on lean thinking, lean culture and lean improvement .

Surgeons’ perspectives on operating room waste: Multicenter survey

BackgroundWaste is endemic in the U.S. health care system. Operating rooms are a source of significant solid waste. Surgeons are integral to many decisions in the operating room. MethodOnline survey of surgeons at 2 major academic centers in the United States assessing perspectives on intraoperative waste and willingness to work to actively reduce intraoperative waste. ResultsWe received responses from 219 surgeons: 90% agreed or strongly agreed that waste of sterile surgical items is an issue, and 95% agreed or strongly agreed to a willingness to change the operating room workflow to reduce waste. Surgeons estimated 26% of single-use, sterile supplies opened for surgery were unused at the end of the case. The barriers to waste reduction cited most frequently were: (1) lack of awareness of waste, (2) lack of concern for waste, and (3) lack of time to address the waste. ConclusionSurgeons understand there is significant waste in the operating room and are willing to change their workflow to reduce waste. Changes in operating room practices that reduce waste will be beneficial to health systems’ finances and their efforts to improve population health through a reduction in consumption and pollution. Efforts should be directed toward reducing operating room waste with an initial focus on the elimination of unnecessary waste of sterile surgical supplies. Further work is needed to determine the precise sources of perioperative waste and what initiatives can be implemented to reduce this burden while maintaining high-value patient care.

Perception of Eliminating Service Waste for Better Efficiency and towards Lean Management in Vietnamese SMEs

The research has been conducted to clarify current waste elimination perceptions among SMEs in Vietnam. Besides, it delivers further suggestions for Vietnamese SMEs’ lean management in the near future. The samples of 237 SMEs have been surveyed to collect significant data about the perception of service waste and service efficiency in Vietnam. To examine the relationship between service waste and service efficiency, SPSS 26 software is conducted with two types of analyses, including descriptive analysis and statistical analysis. The main research findings are (1) Service waste and waste elimination has been highly appreciated by medium-sized Vietnamese SMEs rather than micro-sized SMEs; (2) Human-related waste, motion and defects are the most popular waste identifications and (3) Inventory waste has the least effect on service efficiency. The study becomes significant contribution to further papers about elimination awareness among different waste types and lean management considerations for SMEs in Vietnam.

Role of Demineralized Water in Sustainable Human Health

Natural resources like water are finite and we are only the current custodians of resources which we hold in reserve for future generations. The fact is that man cannot survive even for a few days without water illustrates that we must have several litres of water every day just to maintain essential chemical balances in tissue and blood to control body temperature and to allow the elimination of toxic wastes from metabolism. Human blood is 95 per cent water, bones are 22 per cent water and the human brain is 75 per cent water. Drinking water should contain minimum levels of certain essential minerals. The present study focused on analysing mineral content in bottled and RO treated water and compared the results with reference to the dietary daily and standards laid by various statutory bodies and study revealed that the mineral content of the tested water samples does not provide daily dietary intake and thus consumers should select water for consumption wisely since this data has a great general public health significance.

Lean and green production for the modular construction

Lean production is a set of principles, methods and techniques aimed at improving industrial production processes, maximizing their value and reducing costs. In parallel, the pollution prevention and waste reduction, in order to improve the environmental performance, has led to the development of the concept of green production. So, the ever-increasing attention to economic, social and environmental aspects, suggests that the techniques introduced with both lean and green production reduce the business costs and improve the sustainability. Recently, lean concepts have also been introduced in the construction sector, using the term lean construction. The benefits of lean construction are oriented towards the flows improvement, the enhancement of productivity, the elimination of waste and the reduction of delays.While in theory the ideas of Lean and Green are very clear, it is necessary to study their combined applications. This paper covers this gap, considering an interesting case study relating to a company, operating in the telecommunications sector. Case considered highlights the benefits obtainable from the introduction of lean and green principles to increase the production efficiency and to requalify the energy.y. In particular, the case study deepens the concept of modular construction, a hybrid between production and construction, which lends itself to the application of lean sectors. The implementation in the industry of modular construction (prefabricated structures) of the principles of lean and green production is investigated.

How to adapt lean practices in SMEs to support Industry 4.0 in manufacturing

Industry 4.0 promises to increase productivity and flexibility for the manufacturing industry, which translates into greater customer value and lower costs. Lean manufacturing has long championed principles and tools with a focus on value adding activities, elimination of waste and continuous improvement. Even the most successful lean manufacturing firms, in terms of efficiency and quality achieved through waste reduction, will acknowledge there is a lot of opportunity for improvement. This review evaluates how lean principles can support Industry 4.0 in pursuit of greater customer value and manufacturing excellence. Leveraging the opportunities that exist within Industry 4.0 umbrella of technologies can help to further reduce the nine wastes of lean. While large corporations have access to extensive capital markets and can capture economies of scale offered by leading edge technologies of Industry 4.0, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with greater capital restraints face the challenge of justifying Industry 4.0 technologies and cannot risk being at the bleeding edge of technology. Using a case study of a small electronics manufacturing firm, the opportunities, challenges, and the implementation strategy for technology are examined. This paper finds that SMEs pursuit of process efficiencies and waste reduction can be best achieved through a focus on foundational digitalization & data management then taking a stepwise approach towards the cyber-physical systems of Industry 4.0.

A new integrated ergonomic, economic, environment VSM approach - an application to auto part manufacturing industry

Today's production industries are struggling hard towards continuous improvement to sustain in the global market. Value stream mapping is an effective enterprise improvement tool that visualises both intra and intercompany processes apprehending material and information flows with the time line that helps in elimination of waste. Sometimes, the reduction of non-value added activities in a production line results in work intensification and thus the workers are more subjected to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Green manufacturing deals with the integration of VSM with energy related metrics that focuses on the efficient usage of natural and non-renewable resources for sustainable production. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a methodological framework that gives synergistic interaction between ergonomic, environment and economic considerations in VSM. Hence, the elimination of non-value added activities is done not only by considering the economic aspect but also the ergonomic and environment aspects. Also, the three factors are ranked based on the multiple criteria decision making-analytical hierarchy process (MCDM-AHP). This approach is validated through a case study carried out in an Indian automotive industry with the increase in production rate by 7.4%, decrease in energy consumption by 0.34% and total cost by 3.92% successfully.

Improvement of the production process using Lean Management – case study

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the benefits of using selected Lean Management elements in the production process on the example of a company producing mechanical seals. Design/methodology/approach: The article is theoretical and empirical in nature and is based on the analysis of a selected case. In the empirical part, the analysis concerns selected elements of the production process in the examined enterprise. Findings: The results obtained in the article refer to the benefits of using Lean Management in the production process in the analyzed enterprise. The use of identification and elimination of waste and standardization of activities at workplaces (introduction of job instructions) in selected areas of the production process allowed for the improvement of its parameters, which was presented in the article. Research limitations/implications: The limitations in the empirical area could be the reference only to selected aspects of Lean Management and the analyzed process. Future research will cover the broader scope of Lean Management and other companies. Practical implications: The results of the case study show the direct impact of Lean Management on the parameters of the analyzed production process. Thanks to the use of Lean Management, the process parameters have improved, which is an important factor in the context of the effectiveness of the company's functioning as a system. Originality/value: The added value of the article is the practical presentation of the use of Lean Management to improve the parameters of the production process.

Elimination of Wastes in the Design of Buildings

Elimination of Wastes in the Design of Buildings

Patient Flow Optimization: SMED adoption in Emergency Care Units

This paper mainly aims to gather data on strategies and guidelines for the implementation of SMED (Single-Minute Exchange of Die) in the context of healthcare, particularly in Emergency Care Units. Although the Lean methodology is widely disseminated in manufacturing sectors, for instance, it is still emerging in the context of healthcare and could be of use to complement the identification and elimination of wastes in healthcare processes, operations, and procedures. Hence, this study introduces eight elements capable of guiding health professionals on how to integrate the SMED method into the field of healthcare. Additionally, managerial implications were considered in patient flow based on Lean management.

The workability and usefulness of building information modelling based design for building performance

Aligning the construction industry with performance demands, waste elimination, and sustainability is a recent development due to the emergence of new technological approaches and thoughts around future-proofing. This thinking often relies on innovation and the adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. However, trends in influencing the processes and approaches to construction management from the design phase to demolition are beginning to attract more attention. The use of information technology has provided solutions for monitoring and improving the performance of buildings from the design phase. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is at the forefront of emerging processes. It can be implemented throughout the construction lifecycle using centralized digital models created at the design phase, which is crucial for any successful performance. BIM has become a powerful solution that can advance and renovate many aspects of the construction sector. Despite its vital position in the economies of countries, this industry suffers from the dominance of many types of waste that hinder the improvement of the performance and productivity of this sector. This paper explores the optimization brought by BIM-based design on waste minimization of various kinds and its added value to achieve sustainable and efficient construction goals. After a demonstrative parade of BIM solutions for design made on two related pilot areas, building and road infrastructure, the study highlights the actual contribution of BIM on the elimination of time, budget, and environmental wastes. The results also reveal the impact of efficient design on the performance of the building process and the ecological and energetic optimizations brought about. In addition, it sheds new light on critical wasteful aspects that hinder the efficiency of the act of building, which is: design complexity – loss of data and information – design updates – budgetary – time and environmental waste.

Bile salt hydrolase profiling by fluorogenic probes in the human gut microbiome.

Bile is a digestive fluid produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It participates in absorption of fatty nutrients and vitamins, and aids in elimination of metabolic waste and toxins. The major chemical components of bile are bile salts that, apart from their function in digestion, are also known to participate in cell signaling by binding host farnesoid X (FXR), vitamin D (VDR), and G-protein coupled bile acid (TGR5) receptors. Microbial bile salt hydrolases (BSHs) catalyze bile salt deconjugation, a gatekeeper reaction that is a prerequisite for all subsequent microbial transformations of bile acids. As a result, BSH determines the composition of the bile salt and acid pools, which in turn affects its nutrient absorption and signaling capabilities. BSH profiling remains a challenge due to a paucity of tools that enable scientists to study its function. In this chapter, we discuss current BSH profiling approaches and demonstrate a novel fluorogenic probe-based assay that circumvents laborious and resource intensive BSH quantification methods. Alongside our assay protocol, we provide the reader with a detailed method for microbial cell extraction from fecal matter. We also cover probe validation protocols that can be adapted for Michaelis-Menten analysis with any BSH expressing strain.

SSI “Institute of Education Content Modernization”

The article summarizes the main approaches to natural resource management in the national economy, taking into account the innovation context. It is determined that today there are many types and forms of such management in the national economy. It is substantiated that the shortage of natural resources can be overcome through efficient and rational use, while using modern innovative solutions that will significantly modernize the infrastructure. It is investigated that due to the use of ecological innovations today it is possible to suspend the processes of irrational use of natural resources. Also, the processes of restoration of natural resources can be met through the use of innovative technologies (water treatment and wastewater treatment technologies, technologies and methods of extraction of natural resources, collection or distribution of water for buildings or similar local water supply). The opinion of modern researchers is summarized that the need to form a state policy in the field of water supply and sewerage on the basis of an innovative model is urgent. It is pointed out that the current practice of land use causes the deterioration of land, and the depleting use of land, forests and water resources leads to irreversible loss of ecosystem and biological diversity. It is concluded that today eco-innovations should be understood as something more than technologies for cleaning, processing, transportation and disposal of waste, elimination of toxic waste. As a result of the study, the thesis was formulated that a comprehensive assessment of the economic and environmental significance of a source of risk may be based on relevant expert assessments.