Wartime Control Research Articles

Some Current Books on the Economics of Total War

Spiegel's book is scholarly and carefully written. It contains an extensive bibliography of thirty-one pages, and the entire book is based and documented upon this wide range of authority. It contains twelve chapters covering Causes of War, Nature of Total War, nine chapters on means of total war, and Aftermath of War. Chapters on the means of warfare are Manpower Requirements for Total War, War Effort in Real Terms, Price System under the Impact of War, Labor Problems in Wartime, Wartime Control of Production and Consumption, Supply of Strategic Materials, Foodstuffs in the Military Economy, International Economic Relations in Wartime, and How To Pay for the War. The author says:

WAR‐TIME CONTROL OF PRICES IN SOUTH AFRICA III1

South African Journal of EconomicsVolume 11, Issue 1 p. 11-23 WAR-TIME CONTROL OF PRICES IN SOUTH AFRICA III1 R. H. SMITH, R. H. SMITH Natal University CollegeSearch for more papers by this author R. H. SMITH, R. H. SMITH Natal University CollegeSearch for more papers by this author First published: March 1943 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.1943.tb02918.x 1 Cf. S.A. Journal of Economics: December, 1940, and December, 1941. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume11, Issue1March 1943Pages 11-23 RelatedInformation

Wartime Control of Water Quality

Journal AWWAVolume 34, Issue 12 p. 1755-1761 Article Wartime Control of Water Quality Charles R. Cox, Charles R. CoxSearch for more papers by this author Charles R. Cox, Charles R. CoxSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 December 1942 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1942.tb17313.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume34, Issue12December 1942Pages 1755-1761 RelatedInformation

Impact of the War on Labor and Industry

In total war a nation must and direct its total resources. Extraordinary responsabilities may call for extraordinary measures. Wartime control to date had moved in the direction of greater authority by government over labor and industry. The trend was, however, under way when the war began. Its is likely to continue after the war with less of the former free agency for both labor and industry.

Wartime Control of Public Utilities

Journal AWWAVolume 34, Issue 6 p. 823-828 Article Wartime Control of Public Utilities A. E. K. Bunnell, A. E. K. BunnellSearch for more papers by this author A. E. K. Bunnell, A. E. K. BunnellSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 June 1942 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1942.tb19756.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume34, Issue6June 1942Pages 823-828 RelatedInformation

War-Time Price Control and Price Movements in an Open Economy: Australia 1914-20 and 1939-40

War-Time Price Control and Price Movements in an Open Economy: Australia 1914-20 and 1939-40

BRITISH RAW MATERIAL CONTROLS1

Introduction ONE of the principal instruments used during this war by the British Government for the diversion of factors of production to war purposes has been the direct control of the use of raw materials. In the case of nearly all raw materials the manufacturer must obtain a licence for their use from the appropriate Government Control, and in this way the manufacture of non-essentials can be prevented by the simple device of withholding the licence. The more general aspects, both practical and theoretical, of this technique of control of industry in war-time were discussed in an article by Mr. Ian Bowen and the present writer, entitled 'The Controls and War Finance'2 written in the summer of 1940, and an admirable article by two American writers3 has since been published in which the economic principles of control are treated in regard to one particular Control. In this issue of Oxford Economic Papers Mr. Hitch approaches the problem from the different angle of post-war reconstruction. In this paper, therefore, no attempt will be made to deal with principles of control, the more especially since there have been no notable changes in the technique of control since the two earlier articles mentioned above were written. On the other hand, the area of control has extended rapidly as the war has proceeded. In September 1939 there were about twenty industrial commodities under control: at present (October 1941) there are over sixty. The scope of control also has extended beyond the raw material stage to the later stages of production, e.g. the supplies to the home civilian market of certain manufactures embodying controlled materials have been curtailed by Government Orders. The object of this paper is to describe in some detail the development of control in the case of six materials. In the Appendix to the article 'The Controls and War Finance' the account of five Controls-Iron and 1 MLy thanks are due to Mr. N. H. Leyland for valuable help in the compilation of material for much of this paper, to M~r. S. C. Hood for the note on the Jute Control and to Mr. C. J. Hitch for his careful study of the manuscript and the elimination of many errors. 2 Oxford Economic Papers, No. 4, September 1940. 3 'British War-time Control of Copper, Lead and Zinc', by Jules Backman and Leo I'ishinan, Quarterly Journal of Economics, February 1941. 4520.6 B

Wartime Control of Prices

Wartime Control of Prices

British Wartime Control of Prices

Price control has been an integral part of Britain's war economy since hostilities began. The major objectives of the program have been several: the maintenance of morale; the preclusion of wartime economic disorganization; the minimization of post-war economic maladjustments; economy in government expenditure; and the prevention of unjust enrichment or impoverishment of different classes of the community.1 There have been two broad approaches to the problem: first, the prevention, so far as possible, of any rise in the general British price level; second, the control of specific prices in order, among other things, to prevent profiteering. Broadly speaking, British authorities have permitted price advances based upon rising import costs or upon justified increases in domestic costs. Other price increases have been considered evidence of profiteering, regarded as inflationary, and have been combatted by the legislative and administrative regulation outlined below. The British have also attempted to curb the upward pressure upon costs and prices at the source by discouraging (but not prohibiting) the rise of wages, by very heavy taxation, and by an intense drive for saving. Fiscal policy, propaganda, subsidy, legislation and administrative regulation have all been used as weapons in British price control efforts. It seems appropriate, however, to omit the first two from this discussion, since they raise questions somewhat outside the immediate subject of this symposium. The importance of fiscal policy to price control in Great Britain is indeed sufficient to justify extensive treatment, but

British War Time Control of Aluminum

Introduction: characteristics of the industry, 18. — The time-schedule of control, 20. — Organization and administration of control, 22. — Maximum prices: virgin aluminum, 26; aluminum alloy, 27; secondary aluminum, 28; aluminum scrap, 28. — Aluminum and other non-ferrous metal prices, 29. — Maintenance and expansion of supply, 32. — Collection and utilization of scrap, 38. — Appeal to housewives, 39. — Control over demand, 41. — Summary and conclusions, 46.

Book Reviews

Abstract Canadians In and Out of Work, by Leonard C. Marsh. Montreal, Canada: McGill University. Social Research Series No. 9. 1940. xx, 503 pp. $3.50. Reviewed by P. Sargant Florence Government and the Needy, A Study of Public Assistance in New Jersey, by Paul Tutt Stafford. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 1941. xiv, 328 pp. $3.00. Reviewed by Elizabeth W. Gilboy Foundations of American Population Policy, by Frank Lorimer, Ellen Winston, and Louise K. Kiser. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1940. xiii, 178 pp. $2.50. Reviewed by J. J. Spengler The Scholarship of Junior Professional Appointees in the Government Service, by Lewis B. Sims. President's Committee on Civil Service Improvement. 1940. xxi, 228 pp. Reviewed by James C. Charlesworth Talents and Tasks, Their Conjunction in a Democracy for Wholesome Living and National Defense, by Truman L. Kelley. Harvard Education Papers No. 1. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Graduate School of Education. 1940. 48 pp. Reviewed by Martin F. Fritz Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Statistics, Employment and Wages of Covered Workers, 1938. Washington: The Social Security Board. 1940. xxiii, 268 pp. Reviewed by W. S. Woytinsky Methods of Assessing the Physical Fitness of Children, by Rachel M. Jenss and Susan P. Souther. Washington, D. C.: Children's Bureau Publication No. 263. 1940. vi, 121 pp. 15 cents. Reviewed by John R. Miner Controlled Fertility, An Evaluation of Clinic Service, by Regine K. Stix and Frank W. Notestein. Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Company. 1940. xiv, 201 pp. $3.00. Reviewed by Margaret Jarman Hagood Population, Births, Notifiable Diseases, and Deaths, assembled for New York City, N. Y.: 1866–1938— Planned by Haven Emerson, M.D., and executed by Harriet E. Hughes. New York: The DeLamar Institute of Public Health, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University. January, 1941. Reviewed by Halbert L. Dunn Statistical Methods Applied to Experiments in Agriculture and Biology, by George W. Snedecor. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State College Press. Third Edition. 1940. xiii, 422 pp. $3.75. Reviewed by C. H. Goulden Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students, by Gunnar Dahlberg. New York: Interscience Publishers, Inc. 1940. 232 pp. $2.75. Reviewed by Gaius E. Harmon, M.D. Statistica Economica con Riferimenti alla Organizzazione e alle Fonti, by Giovanni Lasorsa. Cedam: Casa Editrice Dott. Antonio Milani. Padova: 1940. vii, 405 pp. 63 lire. Reviewed by Antonio Ciocco Punched Card Methods in Scientific Computation, by W. J. Eckert. New York: The Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau, Columbia University. 1940. ix, 136 pp. Reviewed by Francis McIntyre Graphs, How To Make and Use Them, by Herbert Arkin and Raymond R. Colton. New York: Harper & Brothers. Revised Edition. 1940. xvi, 236 pp. $3.00. Reviewed by Elmer C. Bratt Building Cycles and the Theory of Investment, by Clarence D. Long, Jr. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 1940. xvi, 239 pp. $2.50. Reviewed by John R. Riggleman Great Britain under Protection, by Frederic Benham. New York: The Macmillan Company. 1941. xvi, 271 pp. $2.50. Reviewed by Clifford L. James Maps of Selected Industries Reported at the Census of Manufactures, 1937. Washington: U. S. Bureau of the Census. 126 pp. $1.00. Reviewed by Oscar L. Endler Tinrestrictie en tinprijs (Tin restriction and tin price), by M. J. Schut. Haarlem: De Erven F. Bohn N. V. 1940. xii, 115 pp. Reviewed by Tjalling Koopmans Wheat Studies of the Food Research Institute, Stanford University, California. “World Wheat Survey and Outlook, September 1940,” by Helen C. Farnsworth and V. P. Timoshenko. Volume XVII, Number 1. September, 1940. pp. 1–38. 75 cents. Reviewed by Roland S. Vaile Wheat Studies of the Food Research Institute, Stanford University, California. “Wheat Subsidization and Exports, The Experience of 1938–39,” by V. P. Timoshenko. Volume XVII, Number 2. October, 1940. pp. 39–110. $1.00. Reviewed by Roland S. Vaile Wheat Studies of the Food Research Institute, Stanford University, California. “Price Relations of Liverpool Wheat Futures With Special Reference to the December-March Spread,” by Sidney Hoos and Holbrook Working. Volume XVII, Number 3. November, 1940. pp. 101–144. $1.00. Reviewed by Roland S. Vaile Wheat Studies of the Food Research Institute, Stanford University, California. “The World Wheat Situation, 1939–40, A Review of the Crop Year,” by Joseph S. Davis. Volume XVII, Number 4. December, 1940. pp. 145–220. $1.25. Reviewed by Roland S. Vaile Wartime Control of Prices, by Charles O. Hardy. Washington, D. C.: The Brookings Institution. 1940. x, 216 pp. $3.00. Reviewed by Dan Throop Smith The Pattern of Consumer Debt, 1935–36, A Statistical Analysis, by Blanche Bernstein. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1940. xviii, 238 pp. $2.50. Reviewed by Louis N. Robinson

Wartime Control of Prices.

Wartime Control of Prices.

Wartime Control of Prices

Wartime Control of Prices

British War-Time Control of Copper, Lead, and Zinc

The change from a peace to a war-time economy, 211. — Scope of the present study, 212. — Pre-war preparations for control, 212. — The time schedule of war control, 214. — Methods of control: maximum prices, 216; priorities, 218; supply controls, 219; licenses, 222. — Organization and administration of control, 222. — Problems of control, 224. — Personnel, 225. — Priorities, 226. — Business practices, 228. — The London Metal Exchange, 230. — Small firms, 231. — Scrap metal, 232. — Administration of the control, 235. — Conclusions, 237.

War-Time Price Control in the United Kingdom

War-Time Price Control in the United Kingdom

Wartime Conscription and Control of Labor

Wartime Conscription and Control of Labor

War Time Control of American Railways

War Time Control of American Railways

War Time Control of Industry: The Experience of England.

War Time Control of Industry: The Experience of England.

War Time Control of Industry: The Experience of England.

War Time Control of Industry: The Experience of England.

War Time Control of Industry: The Experience of England. Howard L. Gray

War Time Control of Industry: The Experience of England. Howard L. Gray