Vomiting Research Articles

Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases (GTD) is a group of interrelated heterogeneous disease of trophoblastic tissue resulting from abnormal fertilization, characterized by abnormal tissue proliferation. Characteristically, prognosis positively correlates with early diagnosis and treatment.
 Objective: The objective was to determine the burden, clinical presentation, management and outcomesof GTD at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria.
 Methodology: A five-year descriptive (retrospective) study of histologically confirmed cases of st th GTD managed in ISTH between 1 July, 2016 and 30 June, 2021 was undertaken. Inclusion criteria: patient that were management at the study site, histology confirmation and availability of the case-file for review. Women managed for other gynaecological disorders or those with suspected GTD but no histologic confirmation were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0 and the results were presented in tables.
 Results: There were 21 cases of GTD and 4703 deliveries with an incidence of 4.5 per 1000 deliveries. The mean age of participants was 32.9±7.5 years. Partial mole was the commonest histologic type (47.4%), choriocarcinoma (31.6%), complete mole (10.5%), invasive mole and placenta site trophoblastic tumor-PSTT (5.3%) respectively. Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presenting symptom 89.5% (17/19); others were excessive vomiting 52.6% (10/19) and abdominal pain 36.8% (7/19 ). The treatment modalities included suction curettage (42.1%) , suction curettage and chemotherapy (36.8%), total abdominal hysterectomy and cytotoxic chemotherapy only (15.8%).Serum Beta hCG returned to normal within 4 weeks for molar pregnancy and an average of 6 months for choriocarinoma. Default rate from surveillance was 10/19 (52.6%) while two participants (10.5%) died as cases of choriocarcinoma with advanced disease from late presentation.
 Conclusion: Abnormal vaginal bleeding was the commonest presentation of GTD with high default and mortality rates. Therefore, efforts should be geared towards education and awareness to improve early presentation, surveillance and prompt treatment.

Emesis gravidarum is a common obstetric problem affecting 50-80% of pregnant women during the first trimester that begins in the morning and often continues throughout the day. If not treated effectively can cause complications in pregnancy that affect the quality of life, pregnancy and fetus. Emesis gravidarum can progress to Hyperemesis gravidarum, a condition characterized by excessive nausea and vomiting. Non-pharmacological therapy for emesis gravidarum is using aromatherapy steam of lemon oil and ginger oil. Lemon essential oil and ginger oil have long been known to be able to reduce complaints of emesis gravidarum because the content of lemon oil is linalyl and the main content of ginger oil is zingiberen which can provide a refreshing and warming effect which could reduce emesis gravidarum. to compare the effectiveness of aromatherapy lemon aromateraphy with ginger oil against emesis gravidarum at TPMB EF Tangerang Banten in 2022. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a two groups pretest- posttest approach. The data were analyzed using a paired sample t-test and an independent sample t-test to compare the effectiveness of aromatherapy steam before and after administration of lemon with ginger oil against emesis gravidarum using a questionnaire sheet. The results showed that there was a significant effect before and after giving lemon aromatherapy steam and ginger oil with a P Value = 0.000 and there was an effectiveness of giving lemon oil and ginger aromatherapy steam to emesis gravidarum with P Value = 0.000. There is a significant comparison between giving lemon oil aromatherapy steam and ginger oil to reducing emesis gravidarum. It is hoped that midwives can provide information about the benefits of lemon aromatherapy steam and ginger oil to pregnant women who experience emesis gravidarum Keywords: lemon oil, ginger oil, emesis gravidarum

Consumption of wild mushrooms has increased in recent years; however, not all of them are edible and there is no precise information on those that may cause poisoning. Therefore, studies to obtain data about their toxicity are needed. For this purpose, we used the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana, a crustacean employed in toxicity tests and with wide application in the toxin detection, including mycotoxins. Mushrooms were collected in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, with which aqueous extracts were prepared. Dilutions of the stock solution of each extract were made to final concentrations of 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL. Potassium dichromate (PD) was used as positive control and artificial seawater as negative control. The median lethal dose (LD50) of extracts on nauplii of A. franciscana was calculated. The aqueous extracts obtained from Amanita amerivirosa, A. muscaria, Chlorophyllum molybdites, and Leucopaxillus amarus showed a LD50 < 70 µg/mL, similar to PD (LD50 = 37 µg/mL). This is the first indication of the probable toxicity of Leucopaxillus amarus in humans. Cantharellus cibarius and Scleroderma texense caused the lower toxicity to the nauplii. The brine shrimp bioassay was effective in evaluating the toxicity of Basidiomycota. Scleroderma texense has been reported to be toxic, but it was not for this crustacean nauplii, and probably not to humans either, as recent literature has reported.

Due to confusion, poisonous mushrooms are mistakenly consumed by mushroom hunters as edible mushrooms because they look morphologically similar. This review differentiates some edible and poisonous mushrooms, and differentiating keys are based on the cap structure, colour, texture, gills colour, attachment to the stem, stem colour, texture, spore colour and shapes, and volva. Listed edible mushroom species are Amanita caesarea, Agaricus campestris, Amanita rubescens, and Chlorophyllum rhacodes. Poisonous mushrooms are Amanita muscaria, Agaricus xanthoderma, Amanita phalloides, and Chlorophyllum molybdites, etc.

Complications endangering mother or fetus affect around one in seven pregnant women. Investigation of the genetic susceptibility to such diseases is of high importance for better understanding of the disease biology as well as for prediction of individual risk. In this study, we collected and analyzed GWAS summary statistics from the FinnGen cohort and UK Biobank for 24 pregnancy complications. In FinnGen, we identified 11 loci associated with pregnancy hypertension, excessive vomiting, and gestational diabetes. When UK Biobank and FinnGen data were combined, we discovered six loci reaching genome-wide significance in the meta-analysis. These include rs35954793 in FGF5 (p=6.1×10-9), rs10882398 in PLCE1 (p=8.9×10-9), and rs167479 in RGL3 (p=5.2×10-9) for pregnancy hypertension, rs10830963 in MTNR1B (p=4.5×10-41) and rs36090025 in TCF7L2 (p=3.4×10-15) for gestational diabetes, and rs2963457 in the EBF1 locus (p=6.5×10-9) for preterm birth. In addition to the identified genome-wide associations, we also replicated 14 out of 40 previously reported GWAS markers for pregnancy complications, including four more preeclampsia-related variants. Finally, annotation of the GWAS results identified a causal relationship between gene expression in the cervix and gestational hypertension, as well as both known and previously uncharacterized genetic correlations between pregnancy complications and other traits. These results suggest new prospects for research into the etiology and pathogenesis of pregnancy complications, as well as early risk prediction for these disorders.

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is one indicator of a nation's health. During pregnancy, there are physiological changes in pregnant women which include physical, psychological and social changes. Hyperemesis gravidarum is excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. Anxiety and eating patterns are the determining factors causing the occurrence. Hyperemesis gravidarum. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional epidemiological investigation approach. . The independent variables are anxiety and eating patterns. While the dependent variable is the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. The population of this study were all pregnant women patients in the KIA Room of Kaligondang Public Health Center, Purbalingga Regency as many as 60 people. The results showed a significant relationship between anxiety and eating patterns with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum at the Kaligondang Public Health Center, Purbalingga Regency. Diet and anxiety are one of the causes of hyperemesis gravidarum experienced by pregnant women in Kaligondang Public Health Center patients.

Three isoindolinone alkaloids (1-3), including one new isoindolinone-type alkaloid, meyeroguilline E (1), and six other known compounds (4-9) were isolated from the poisonous mushroom Chlorophyllum molybdites (Agaricaceae). The structure of the new compound was determined using extensive spectroscopic analyses via one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR data interpretation and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). To the best of our knowledge, compound 1 is the first example of a natural isoindolinone with a butanoic acid moiety, and this study is the first to detect the other known compounds (2-9) in C. molybdites. The isolated compounds (1-9) were examined for their multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal activity against MES-SA, MES-SA/DX5, HCT15, and HCT15/CL02 human cancer cells. Based on the results, 20 μM of compounds 3 and 6 slightly potentiated paclitaxel (TAX)-induced cytotoxicity in MES-SA/DX5, HCT15, and HCT15/CL02 cells; however, the compounds had no effect on the cytotoxicity against MES-SA and nonMDR cells.

Background&#x0D; Hypokalemia is the most frequent electrolyte disorder encountered in clinical practice. It caused by inadequate potassium intake or excessive renal or gastrointestinal potassium loss. Hypokalemia may associate with muscle weakness. Hypocalcemia can result from disorders of vitamin D metabolism and action, hypoparathyroidism, resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH), or other conditions such as nutritional deficiency. Numbness and tingling sensation may occur on hypocalcemia.&#x0D; Case presentation &#x0D; A 36-year-old woman came with complaints of weakness of upper and lower limbs three days before admission. At first, the weakness felt suddenly on the left arm and left foot after waking up in the morning, making her not being able to walk. Patient felt tingling sensation on her face, upper limbs, and lower limbs. Her hands felt stiff as well as her mouth. Patient had a decreasing serum level (3 mEq/l) and decreasing total calcium level (4,8 mg/dL).&#x0D; Conclusion&#x0D; In young adult patients with limbs weakness, it is necessary to consider electrolyte imbalance, such as hypokalemia and hypocalcemia. Hypokalemia can be caused by decreased potassium intake, excessive vomiting, drug consumption, kidney disease, and endocrine disease. To diagnose hypokalemia, it is necessary to carry out further examinations such as basic biochemical laboratories (magnesium, calcium, phosphorus), blood gas analysis, TSHs, urine analysis (urine calcium, potassium excretion in 24-hour urine collection), drug screening.&#x0D;

Introduction: Glucose Hydrogen Breath Testing (GBT) is commonly used for diagnosing Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). However, patients present with clinical symptoms (sx) and their predictive value for a positive (pos) GBT remains unclear. AIM: To assess the prevalence of self-reported GI sx profiles in adults with unexplained upper GI symptoms and correlate this with GBT. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all adult patients presenting to a single medical center from 6/20 –12/21 for GBT. A pos GBT for SIBO was defined by the North American Consensus (≥20 ppm H2 increase over basal within 90 minutes (mins) and/or ≥10 ppm CH4 at any time). Pts completed a GI questionnaire assessing 17 key sxs: regurgitation (RG), chest pain (CP), heartburn (HB), belch (BH), abdominal pain (AP), bloating (BT), gas (GS), nausea (NA), vomit (VT), abdominal cramps (AC), indigestion (ID), distension (DN), fullness (FL), early satiety (ES), diarrhea (DR), constipation (CN), and fatigue (FT). Sxs measured by frequency (None, < 1/week (wk), 1/wk, ≥ 1/wk), intensity (None, Mild, Moderate, Severe), and duration (None, < 10 mins, 10 – 30 mins, ≥ 30 mins). Sub-groups, GERD, Dyspeptic, and IBS were constructed assessing the mean summation scores for Frequency, Intensity, and Duration between negative (neg) and pos GBTs. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis was performed. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We evaluated 184 pts, mean age of 51.7 (18 – 85), 78.3% female, 82.8% Caucasian, and mean BMI of 27.2. No significant differences were seen between GI sx frequency and intensity categories for pts with GBT neg and pos groups. A trend for a higher percentage of pos GBT pts reporting FL (P=0.09) and DR (P=0.07) in sx duration categories of 10 -30 mins (FL: 30.8% vs 27.5%; DR: 31.8% vs 23.4%) and ≥ 30 mins (FL: 51.3% vs 41.3%; DR: 37.2% vs 22.1%) was noted. Regression analysis showed a trend toward a pos GBT for VT frequency of Less than 1/wk: (P = 0.07; OR = 2.99; 95% CI: 0.91, 9.83) and NA intensity of Severe: (P = 0.09; OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 0.86, 5.84). No differences were seen between the GERD, Dyspeptic, and IBS sub-groups (Figure). Conclusion: The pre-test predictability of GI symptoms as it relates to a pos or neg GBT is poor. The yield for a pos GBT varies between 31%-55% and depends on age. In routine practice, when the index of clinical suspicion is high for SIBO, clinicians should consider objective testing with GBT rather than empiric antibiotic treatment.Figure 1.: (Left) Mean Summation Scores for Self-Reported Frequency, Intensity, and Duration Responses to GI Symptoms Relative to the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Dyspeptic, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) Groups. (Right) Prevalence of Positive Glucose Breath Test (GBT) Among Age Cohorts and Glucose Breath Test Measurements

Introduction Hyperemesis gravidarum is a health issue often found during gestational period signified by a severe and excessive nausea and vomiting. Once a mother experiences an excessive nause and vomitting, she will probably lose her weight. In addition, a mother will also suffer from acetone and skin dryness. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy usually begins in the 9th to 10th weeks of gestational period. It would mostly become worse in 11th to 13th weeks. In general, the issues would end in the 12th to 14th weeks. The data shows that rarely do pregnancy’ssymptoms persist to be more the 20th to 22nd week. The proportion has been only around 1-10%. For the cases of hyperemesis gravidarum, they were found on 0.3-2% of pregnancies in which patients should be well treated in a hospital. Method The methodological approach used in this research was literature review. The major purpose was to conduct research on the issue related to hyperemesis gravidarum. The research was conducted based on the 7-stages of Varney and SOAP documentation procedures. Result Based on the research data analysis from various different references, it could be noticed that the treatments that could be given to patients with hyperemesis gravidarum were in the forms of providing adequate parenteral fluids as well as administering protein electrolytes with 5% of glucose dissolved into 2 to 3 liters of physiologist saline. In addition, other important potions such as potassium depending on the conditon of patients. Initial fluid administration could also be given in the forms of 2L RL solvent for approximately 3-5 hours. The fluid should further be replaced with 5% of dextrose dissolved in 0.45% of saline. The RL dextrose ratio of 2:1 could be implemented with 40 drops per minute to be given to patients. Conclusion The findings of this research were the results of the analysis on 70 references. It could be concluded that with appropriate treatments and medication, patients with the case of hyperemesis gravidarum could be cured. The major examination that could be taken to confirm the status of patients is by checking the vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse, temperature and respiration

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Emesis gravidarum is the most common symptoms&lt;em&gt; in pregnancy&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; which about&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; 50-90% causing a decrease in appetite and will affect changes in potassium, calcium and sodium electrolyte balance, thus will impact on changes in body metabolism. As much as 2% of pregnant women experienced excessive nausea and vomiting (hyperemesis gravidarum) which can harm the mother and fetus. The current management of emesis gravidarum still uses pharmacological therapy, but pharmacological methods are more expensive, and more potential to have side effects. Instead of pharmacological methods, non-pharmacological methods are cheap, simple, effective, and have no side effects. One of the non-pharmacological methods to treat nausea and vomiting is acupressure. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; was to determine the effectiveness of the combination Neiguan point (PC6) &amp;amp; Zusanli point (ST 36) to decrease emesis Gravidarum in &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;the &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;first trimester of pregnancy in midwives independent practice Sidoarjo.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; This research used quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The study population are pregnant women in the first trisemester who experienced emesis gravidarum, who met inclusion criteria and were willing to be studied and had no with consecutive sampling technique from February 2 to March 20, 2022 totaling 40 respondents. Measurement of emesis gravidarum using the Rhodes index instrument. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test with &lt;/em&gt;α&lt;em&gt; 0.05.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; The results showed that the score for emesis gravidarum before acupressure was Mean+SD 22.0+4.01, while the score for emesis gravidarum after acupressure was Mean+SD 13.0+3.14. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed P value = 0.001 &lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt; &lt;em&gt;0.05 so there was a significant difference in the emesis gravidarum score before and after acupressure was given. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Acupressure at the Neiguan point (PC6) and Zusanli point (ST 36) is effective in reducing emesis gravidarum in first trimester of pregnant women. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Health workers, especially midwives, can apply and teach acupressure to pregnant women to reduce nausea and vomiting complaints.&lt;/em&gt;

Hyperemesis gravidarum is excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnant women that is so severe that it interferes with work. This research was conducted at RSIA Amanna Baturaja which aims to determine the relationship of gravida, gestational interval and nutritional status to the incidence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. The design of this study used a quantitative analytic survey method with a cross sectional approach. The population is all 1st trimester pregnant women who checked their pregnancy at RSIA Amanna Baturaja in 2020, which amounted to 232 respondents. Sampling using random sampling technique, the sample size is 70 respondents. Data analysis using the chi square test with a significance level of = 0.05. The results showed that there was a relationship between primigravida (p-value 0.017), gestational interval (p-value = 0.041), and nutritional status with the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum (p-value 0.040). This shows that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. The conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between gravida, pregnancy distance and nutritional status with the incidence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum at Amanna Hospital in Baturaja, East Baturaja District, OKU Regency in 2020. The results of this study can be used as a reference to improve the quality of health services for pregnant women to prevent hyperemesis gravidarum.

Kedung Pacul, Gondangsari Village is one of the villages in Klaten Regency whose regional vegetation consists of trees, and shrubs. The shaded vegetation conditions are very suitable for overgrown mushroom. However, there is currently no record of macrofungal exploration in the village and its potential utilization. This study aims to explore mushroom in Kedung Pacul, Gondangsari Village and present the characteristics of macrofungi. The study used purposive sampling method covering roadsides, gardens, and around the house yard. Mushroom then performed macroscopic characteristics with some literature. The results of the research have found as many as 27 species including Schizophyllum commune, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Lentinus sp1., Neofavolus sp., Trametes sp., Tyromyces sp., Entoloma sp., Gymnopilus sp., Cyathus sp., Lentinus sajor-caju, Daldinia sp., Parasola sp., Lentinus arcularis, Leucoagaricus sp., Phallus indusiatus, Coprinus sp., Coprinellus sp., Lentinus sp2, Xylaria sp., Tremellodendron sp., Chlorophyllum sp., Leucocoprinus sp1, Leucocoprinus sp2, Termitomyces sp., Agaricus trisulphuratus, Chlorophyllum molybdites, and Agaricus sp. Several species are known to have potential as food, medicine, and cosmetics. This article is the first report on the exploration of mushroom diversity in Kedung Pacul, Gondangsari Village, Klaten Regency. Mushroom exploration efforts are still needed in the Gondangsari Village area and Klaten Regency..

Colombia is a megadiverse country with many macrofungi species. Despite their ecological, anthropological, and economic importance, the distribution of many macrofungal species is still scarcely known in this country. Chlorophyllum molybdites (G. Mey.) Massee is a poisonous macrofungus&amp;nbsp;common in urban settings of tropical and subtropical regions. In Colombia it has only been reported in three of 32 departments. To fill this gap in knowledge we morphologically describe for the first time C. molybdites from the city of Bucaramanga, Department of Santander, extending the known distribution of this macrofungus in Colombia.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass as a salvage solution for severe and refractory gastroparesis in malnourished patients.

BackgroundHyperemesis gravidarum is severe nausea and excessive vomiting, starting between 4 and 6 gestational weeks, peak at between 8 and 12 weeks and usually improve and subside by 20 weeks of pregnancy. Identifying the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum has a particular importance for early detection and intervention to reduce the health, psychosocial and economic impact. In Ethiopia there is low information on determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum.MethodsInstitution based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from April 12- June 12, 2021. A structured face-to-face interviewer administered questionnaire and checklist for document review were used to collect the data from 360 study participants (120 cases and 240 controls). The data were collected by KoBocollect 1.3, and then exported to statistical package for social science version 25 for further analysis. Both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done to identify the determinants and a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level was used to declare statistical significance.ResultBeing an urban dweller (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.34), having polygamous husband (AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.27, 6.68), having history asthma/ other respiratory tract infections (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.43, 8.82), saturated fat intake (AOR = 4.06 95% CI: 1.98, 8.3), no intake of ginger (AOR = 3.04 95% CI: 1.14, 8.09), and inadequate intake of vitamin B rich foods (2.2, 95% CI: 1.14–4.2) were the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum.ConclusionThis study revealed that, urban residence, having polygamous husband, history of asthma/other respiratory tract infections, intake of saturated fat, no intake of ginger, inadequate intake of vitamin B reach foods were found to be independent determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. It is better if healthcare providers and government authorities exert continual effort to give health education and counselling service concerning to dietary practice and asthma attacks. It is advisable if pregnant women adhere to healthy diets and limit intake of saturated fats and also husband and nearby relatives give care and support for pregnant women.

Hyperemesis gravidarum is severe nausea and excessive vomiting, starting between 4 and 6 gestational weeks, peak at between 8 and 12 weeks and usually improve and subside by 20 weeks of pregnancy. Identifying the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum has a particular importance for early detection and intervention to reduce the health, psychosocial and economic impact. In Ethiopia there is low information on determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. Institution based unmatched case-control study design was conducted from April 12- June 12, 2021. A structured face-to-face interviewer administered questionnaire and checklist for document review were used to collect the data from 360 study participants (120 cases and 240 controls). The data were collected by KoBocollect 1.3, and then exported to statistical package for social science version 25 for further analysis. Both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done to identify the determinants and a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level was used to declare statistical significance. Being an urban dweller (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.34), having polygamous husband (AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: 1.27, 6.68), having history asthma/ other respiratory tract infections (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.43, 8.82), saturated fat intake (AOR = 4.06 95% CI: 1.98, 8.3), no intake of ginger (AOR = 3.04 95% CI: 1.14, 8.09), and inadequate intake of vitamin B rich foods (2.2, 95% CI: 1.14-4.2) were the determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. This study revealed that, urban residence, having polygamous husband, history of asthma/other respiratory tract infections, intake of saturated fat, no intake of ginger, inadequate intake of vitamin B reach foods were found to be independent determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum. It is better if healthcare providers and government authorities exert continual effort to give health education and counselling service concerning to dietary practice and asthma attacks. It is advisable if pregnant women adhere to healthy diets and limit intake of saturated fats and also husband and nearby relatives give care and support for pregnant women.

Excessive nausea and vomiting can threaten the health of pregnant women and fetuses, about 80% of pregnant women are treated for hyperemesis gravidarum. Nie-Guan point acupressure massage is a non-pharmacological treatment that can treat nausea and vomiting for pregnant women. The aim of this research to determine the effect of Nei-Guan point acupressure massage on emesis gravidarum. Design of this study was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group design approach. Age, intervention and control were mostly at high risk 11 people (73%) and 10 people (67%). The most education is secondary in the intervention group 12 people (80%) and the control group 13 people (87%). Most of the respondents as IRT in the intervention group were 8 people (53%) and in the control group 10 people (67%). Pregnancy in the intervention and control groups was the same in primigravida 8 people (54%). The management of nausea and vomiting that is most often done is by giving warm and refreshing drinks, but not a few mothers also refuse, one non-pharmacological approach that can be given is acupressure (Grove et all, 2015). This study explains that giving acupressure point P6 (Nei-Guan) has an effect on emesis gravidarum.Â

Prostacyclin for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Hyperemesis Gravidarum is defined as excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnant women with a frequency of&gt; 10 times a day, causing disruption of daily acrivities and can even endanger the life of pregnant women and if not treated can even cause death. This study aims to determine the factors associated the hyperemesis gravidarum to pregnant women of Brayan Public health center in 2019. This research is a quantative study with a cross sectional study approach. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the first and second trimesters who visited the KIA Poli in Brayan Public health center for the period January-February 2020. The total sample was 99 people with the sampling technique using random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire and a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Data analysis with chi-square test. The result showed that there was a relationship between the knowledge of pregnant women and hyperemesis gravidarum at Brayan Public health center in 2019 with X2 65.663 and a p-value of 0.000, there was a relationship between the attitudes of pregnant women and hyperemesis gravidarum at Brayan Public health center in 2019 with X2 67,210 and p-value 0.000, there is a relationship between the support of husbands of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum at Brayan Public health center in 2019 with X2 62,561 and p-value 0.000, there is a relationship between parity of pregnant women and hyperemesis gravidarum at Brayan Public health centter in 2019 with X2 14,588 and p-value 0.000 and there is a relationship between the diet of pregnant women and hyperemesis gravidarum at Brayan Public health centre in 2019 with X2 87,332 and a p-value of 0.000.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;