Voltage-mode Logic Research Articles

Design of an EMI Self-Immune VML Transmitter in 0.18-$\mu$ m CMOS

This letter discusses an integrated voltage-mode logic (VML) transmitter demonstrating a superior self-immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Both the proposed and typical transmitters were fabricated in the UMC 0.18- $\mu$ m standard CMOS process. Using direct power injection measurement, the typical and proposed VML transmitters were subjected to EMI frequencies ranging from 100 kHz to 2 GHz and amplitudes up to 5-V peak. The proposed VML transmitter maintains an open eye diagram with a minimum eye height of 80 mV at the highest EMI amplitude, whereas the typical VML transmitter's eye opening completely closes for EMI frequencies from 700 kHz to 300 MHz and for EMI amplitudes exceeding 1.5-V peak.

A low-power high-swing voltage-mode transmitter

A low-power voltage-mode-logic (VML) transmitter fabricated in TSMC 28 nm CMOS technology is presented. The VML driver outputs a high-swing signal and consumes less power than a current-mode-logic (CML) driver. To further reduce power, the driver is divided into two voltage domains by level shifters. Moreover, the proposed driver topology can achieve mutually decoupled impedance self-calibration and equalization control. The measurement result shows that the transmitter merely dissipates 23 mW/channel while exhibiting an 880 mV differential eye height at 4.488 Gb/s.