Volleyball Research Articles

Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum With the Tactical Games Model To Improve Learning Outcomes of Forearm Passing Techniques Volleyball Games

This research is a classroom action research that aims to determine the level of student learning outcomes through the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with a Tactical Games Model to improve learning outcomes in volleyball game forearm passing technique in grade V SDS Bakau Estate students, in the 2022/2023 academic year consisting of 28 students. This research was carried out in two cycles and each cycle consisted of four stages, namely: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. Cycle I and cycle II carried out four meetings. Data collection on learning outcomes is done using observation sheets, students worksheets, and tests of motor skills at the end of each cycle I and the end of each cycle II. The data collected is analyzed quantitatively. From these data, the study of learning outcomes in the technique of forearm passing the volleyball game shows that students who completed their studies in cycle I were 6 people with a percentage of 21% and students who didn’t complete their studies were 22 people with a percentage of 78%. Whereas in cycle II, 21 students completed their studies with a percentage of 75% and 7 students who didn't complete their studies with a percentage of 25%. The results of the analysis also show that there is a significant increase in the learning outcomes of the passing technique in the volleyball game in grade V SDS Bakau Estate students. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with the tactical games model can improve student’s learning outcomes.

A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY BASED ON QUESTIONNAIRE REGARDINGTHE INDIVIDUALIZED TRAINING OF THE OPPOSITE PLAYER IN PERFORMANCE VOLLEYBALL

Aim. The hereby research aims to develop and apply a questionnaire to a number of 20 male A1 division coaches and 20 female A1division coaches in order to find out their opinion on the specific physical training of volleyball players, and in particular, those acting as the opposite (universal), the scientific means used in their preparation, particularly targeting the scientific investigation methods applied. The work also intends to highlight differences when approaching some specific physical training of players in the two divisions.Method. The applied questionnaire contains 10 items, with a single answer option, the purpose being that of rendering objective data on the current working methodology in the volleyball game in terms of the specific physical training component, especially of the specific physical training of the players playing as opposite (universal).The questionnaire survey involved identifying the place and role of muscle training in senior physical training.We mention that within the questionnaire we used the best phrases that emerged from the discussions (conversations) held in advance with decision makers, coaches, managers, specialists in the field of physical education and sport (volleyball).Results. 67% of the answers look at the level of training of the volleyball players from the national team as being high, the rest think that the training of the athletes members of the national team is good or average.Conclusions. Most coaches consider it important to train individual volleyball players at senior level.

Nutritional Practices Among Professional Indoor and Beach Volleyball Players: A Brief Narrative Review

This narrative review explores the under-researched area of nutritional practices and knowledge among professional beach and indoor volleyball players. By reviewing 13 relevant articles, the review delves into the dietary intake, nutrition education, and sports supplement use of indoor and beach volleyball players. The findings underscore a need to understand volleyball players' distinct nutritional requirements. Indoor and beach volleyball players need help meeting recommended carbohydrate and protein intakes. Additionally, further research is warranted to establish the direct influence of supplements on volleyball performance.

Improved Learning outcomes of Volleyball Bottom Passing through M-Card Games in High School Students

The goal to be achieved in this study is to improve the enthusiasm and skills of students in learning volleyball. The method used is Classroom Action Research or often referred to as action research, where this research will be carried out through several cycles in the hope that there will be an increase in the results to be achieved. There are several experts who propose classroom action research models with different charts, but broadly speaking there are four stages that are commonly used, namely: (a) Learning Planning, (b) Action Implementation, (c) Observation and (d) Reflection. KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria) is the lowest criterion to declare students to achieve completeness. The teacher or group of teachers determines the KKM of the subject by considering three aspects of criteria, namely complexity, carrying capacity, and intake of students. Based on the results of research in the discussion of improving the lower passing skills of the volleyball game through the M-Card method of grade X students of SMK Aisyiyah Insan Utama Prabumulih can be concluded as follows: Pre-Cycle obtained an achievement rate of 21% Cycle I obtained an achievement level of 57% including the low category, Cycle II obtained an achievement level of 92% including the high category. Through the M-Card method on learning to pass under volleyball can improve the skills of passing under the volleyball game. This is in accordance with the observations of researchers who have been made on students starting from Pre-Cycle Cycle I to Cycle II so that the M-Card method can improve Bottom Passing in volleyball games

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Servis Bawah Permainan Bola Voli Menggunakan Metode Demonstrasi Pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 30 Buru

The identification, it can be explained that motivation students to use under serve in volleyball game is lowest, because facilities and equipment is not compare to the number of students. This research uses a demonstration method. The aim in this research is find out result of the bottom serve in volleyball games with the demonstration method at SMP Negeri 30 Buru. Data of classroom action research (PTK) was carry out in two cycles, there are cycle 1 and cycle II. Data for each cycle is obtained from the results of observations and performance tests based on indicators an assessment rubric. This score is final complete or not to continue in cycle II. serving volleyball in class VII SMP Negeri 30 Buru. the results of student ability tests during two cycles, namely cycle I 73.93%, cycle II 84.66%, there was an increase of 11% in the use of the demonstration method by teachers from cycle I to cycle II, an increase of 11%. improved. This shows that teacher's success in learning process.

The Relationship between the Level of Nutritional Knowledge and Physical Activity on the Nutritional Status of Volleyball Athletes at the Attack Volleyball Club Samarinda

The need for nutrients in the world of sports is an important factor in supporting athlete performance. At present the related attention regarding the regulation of good food for athletes is still lacking. Nutritional issues are very important in achieving sports achievements. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of nutritional knowledge and physical activity on the nutritional status of volleyball athletes at the Attack Volley Ball Club Samarinda. The research design was cross-sectional involving 34 Attack Volley Ball Club Samarinda athlete respondents. Data were analyzed using Fisher Exact Test. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between nutritional knowledge and nutritional status (p-value = 0,116), then there is no significant relationship between physical activity and nutritional status (p-value = 0,125).

Offensive pass tactics analysis of volleyball setters in olympic finals of 2000 and 2021

The aim of the current study was to analyse offensive pass tactics in Olympic Games finals in 2000 and 2021. The authors of the study were interested how the game of volleyball has developed in 20 years, whether it has become faster or even slower. We were also interested whether setters’ game tactics had changed in 20 years. Therefore, we undertook three tasks: to compare offensive pass tactics according to types of sets; to compare the distribution of offensive passes between zones and to compare the ball flight phase times of offensive passes. Based on videos of two Olympic finals (eight sets), a total of 327 offensive passes were analysed, which were divided into different types of sets, and the ball flight phase time of each offensive pass was fixed. It was also taken into account whether the setter had had an excellent, good or bad reception or first touch before performing the set. The videos were analysed using the Kinovea program; the quality of the first video was 360p and of the second 1080p. The first final studied was played in Sydney, Australia, on 1 October 2000 between the men’s volleyball teams of Yugoslavia and Russia, and the second on 7 August in Tokyo, Japan, between the men’s teams of France and Russia.
 To find statistically significant differences in data, Student’s t-test, p < 0.05, was used. The results revealed that in 20 years setters’ offensive pass tactics had changed; new offensive pass types had been introduced in both back and front zones. As a result of comparison of mean times of ball flight phases, the authors state that in one case the flight phase speed increased, namely in the case of offensive pass into zone 4; in another case, it became slower – in the case of offensive pass tempo forward. In addition to offensive passes played in 2000, new types of offensive pass were played in 2021, such as back line set between zones 6 and 1, back line set between zones 5 and 6, and the shoot set. The tandem combination played in 2000 was not performed once in 2021. The five most popular offensive passes turned out to be sharp sets into zone 4, sharp sets into zone 2, tempo sets forward, sharp back line sets into zone 2, high sets into zone 4. The difference of 2021 compared to 2000 was that the shoot combination was played on the frontline (6% of all the sets), and the back line attack was used 5% more often. The comparison of ball flight phase times revealed that the mean time of the flight phase decreased only in the case of the sharp set into zone 4. Namely, the mean time of the ball flight phase in 2000 was 1.12 seconds, in 2021, however, 0.97 seconds. This can be explained by sharper and faster sets into zone 4. But in the case of the tempo set forward, the mean time of the ball flight phase increased from 0.40 to 0.49 seconds by 2021. The authors’ explanation is that tempo sets were not hit from so near to the setter but, to make blocking more difficult, tempo sets were set longer, or somewhat higher tempo set was used. A statistically significant difference between the two finals was found in the case of sharp set into zone 4 and tempo set forward.

Effect of Drill Passing Down With Walls and Pairs Against Accuracy of Underpass in Volleyball Game

The purpose of the study. This study aims to determine the difference in the effect of paired bottom passing exercises and bottom passing exercises reflected against the wall on the level of lower passing ability of MTSs YPPU Karimunting men's volleyball extracurricular participants, Bengkayang Regency.
 Materials and methods. The design of this study is a two group pretest-post test design. The sample of this study was students participating in extracurricular men's volleyball MTSs YPPU Karimunting with a total of 30 students. The instrument used in this study was the bottom passing ability test. Data analysis techniques use t-tests through normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests. 
 Results. The results showed: (1) There was a significant effect of paired bottom passing training on the level of lower passing ability of MTSs YPPU Karimunting men's volleyball extracurricular participants, it can be seen that t count is 2.131 > t table (1.746), while p value (0.000) < 0.05. (2) There is a significant effect of lower passing training reflected against the wall on the level of lower passing ability of MTSs YPPU Karimunting men's volleyball extracurricular participants, it can be seen that the results of the t test obtained t count of 2.160 > t table (1.771), while the p value (0.000) < 0.05.
 Conclusions. These results mean that there is a significant effect of pair-bottom passing training on the level of lower passing ability of men's volleyball extracurricular participants at MTSs YPPU Karimunting, Sungai Raya Kepulauan sub-district, Bengkayang district.

The Effect Of Hanging Ball Hitting Practice On Smash Results In Volleyball Games

Study purpose. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence between the practice of hitting the ball on the results of volleyball smashes in extracurricular male students at SMA Negeri 1 Belitang 1. Materials and Methods. In this study the method used was an experiment with the design of One Group Pre test Post test, namely statistics to determine the influence between two symptoms, the data collection technique used was by test. Smash punch test to measure the results of a smash punch in a volleyball game. The population in this study was male students who participated in volleyball training activities at SMA Negeri 1 Belitang 1. The sample consisted of 14 male students of SMA Negeri 1 Belitang 1. Results. The magnitude of the influence between the practice of hitting the ball on the results of the smash punch was that it could be seen by the hypothesis using the t test obtained a t count of 1.951 and a t table price of 1.761. So t count > t table, thus Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected, which means that there is a significant effect of the practice of hitting the ball on the results of volleyball smashes in extracurricular male students at SMA Negeri 1 Belitang 1. Conclusions. The conclusions of this study indicate that there is a significant effect of hitting the ball practice on smash results in volleyball extracurricular students at SMA Negeri 1 Belitang 1.

Status of Match Analysis Research in Indoor and Beach Volleyball: A bibliometric analysis

Over the last decade, the growth of match analysis in indoor and beach volleyball indicates the relevance of the subject to provide a structured and up-to-date picture of the state of the art. The purpose of this article was to present a bibliometric analysis of articles on match analysis in indoor and beach volleyball. A total of 179 and 44 articles from indoor and beach volleyball, respectively, indexed in Web of Science or Scopus were reviewed. Outcome measures were extracted and analyzed using R Bibliometrics package or VOSviewer software. Bibliometric indicators of productivity included: number of articles published per year, most productive authors, institutions, countries and journals, top-10 most cited articles, most frequent topics, and authors co-authorship. Match analysis was covered in 82.3% in volleyball and 75% in beach volleyball in the last ten years, with most articles published in few journals. Authors affiliated in institutions from Portugal (volleyball) and Spain (beach volleyball) seemed to have made the largest contribution to this area. The trending topics of the most cited studies included quality of opposition (volleyball) and tactical-technical aspects (beach volleyball). In both sports, tactical-technical actions were the most studied units of analysis, with the international-level adult male game being the most investigated. In conclusion, this study provides research profiling, classifications for the initial research phase and research direction for future research in this subject area. Keywords: scientific production, performance analysis, sports performance, bibliometric.

Comparative Study of Agility and Explosive Power between Volley Ball Players and Basket Ball Players in Pondicherry University

Comparative Study of Agility and Explosive Power between Volley Ball Players and Basket Ball Players in Pondicherry University

Profil Kondisi Fisik Atlet Bola Voli STKIP PGRI Pacitan

Study purpose. The aim of the study was to determine the physical condition profile of STKIP PGRI Pacitan Bola voli athletes who competed in the East Java POMPROV championship in 2023. The athlete's physical condition used as a benchmark to determine whether the athlete was ready before competing. Materials and methods. The study used a survey description method with test and measurement techniques. The research population used was all STKIP PGRI Pacitan indoor volleyball athletes who competed in the East Java POMPROV Championship in 2023. The measuring instruments: sit-up test, sit and reach test, vertical jump test, 20 m run test, and multi-stage fitness test. The data analysis technique used a Likert scale. Result. The results of data analysis in this study as a whole show that 0% of athletes had a physical profile in the very good category, 85.72% (12 athletes) had a physical profile in the good category, 7.14% (1 athlete) had a physical profile in the moderate category, 7.14% (1 athlete) had a physical profile in the less category, and 0% had a physical profile in the very poor category. Conclusions. The conclusion of the study is that the physical condition of STKIP PGRI Pacitan volleyball athletes who would take part in the POMPROV Championship in 2023 East Java as a whole was in a good category so that athletes were declared physically ready to take part in the championship.

Pelatiahan Gerak Dasar Bola Voli Di SMP PGRI 06 Gandrungmangu Desa Karanggintung Tahun 2023

Training on basic volleyball movements was held with the hope of increasing students' awareness of the importance of basic movements in the game of volleyball. Apart from that, basic volleyball movements are a series of movements used by volleyball players to control and manipulate the ball. These basic movements include receiving and attacking movements. By mastering the basic movements of volleyball, students can develop skills and abilities in playing volleyball. The basic movements of volleyball will go through several stages to get to the final stage, namely (1) providing material starting from the meaning, history of volleyball and when volleyball came to Indonesia. (2) practice basic volleyball movements (top serve, bottom serve, top pass and bottom pass). (3) there are volleyball games in general where children will play volleyball and in the game there are basic volleyball movements (bottom serve, top serve, bottom pass and top pass). (4) giving rewards. (5) students can perform basic movements well and correctly

The Effect of Medicine Ball Throw Exercise on Volleyball Servicing Ability in Pusri Palembang Athletes

This experiment used a pretest-posttest control group design technique. The Quasi Experimental Design or Group Pretest Posttest Design was employed in this investigation. Athlete Pusri Palembang provided the sample for this study, which included 20 athletes. In the investigation, the retrieval procedure samples This approach employs random sampling. The findings of the study support the concept. Because the p0,000 value is less than 0.05, this indicates that medicine ball throw workouts have a substantial effect on Service Ability for Volleyball Games. Where posttest results have a higher average value than pretest scores. It is possible to infer that there is an affect technique Medicine Ball Throw exercise against Service Ability for Volleyball Games in Volleyball Club Athletes Pusri Palembang at the alpha level of 0.05 with a 95% confidence level.

Movement Analysis of DIMAS SAPUTRA Smash with Kinovea in the West Kalimantan Regional KAPOLDA CUP I Volleyball Final

Study purpose. Biomechanics is a branch of science that studies the forms and types of human movement based on mechanical principles in a sport that can minimize the occurrence of sports injuries. The purpose of this study was to see the effectiveness of Dimas Saputra's smash open movement at the 2023 West Kalimantan Regional Police Chief Championship. Materials and methods. The esearch technique in this study used observation techniques through documentation. The documentation is done by taking a video of Dimas Saputra's volleyball game and observing the video. In carrying out this research using biomechanical analysis related to Dimas Saputra's smash motion open technique by inserting the video into the Kinovea application and analyzing it. Results. The results showed that in volleyball games, of course, a spiker is greatly helped by a height above 185 cm. With this height, a person will find it easier and more effective when making jumping movements. Second, the right timing when doing the spike is also an important point for a volleyball athlete, good timing will also be influenced by the speed when doing the jump and arm swing before the topspin phase occurs. Conclusion. Based on research that has been carried out on the analysis of Dimas Saputra's smash movements in the Final Four of the 2023 West Kalimantan Regional Police Chief Championship, it can be seen that an ideal volleyball player must have a height above 185 cm for the spiker position, besides that volleyball players must also have good timing right in taking a bait. It can be trained by doing smash drills and ball coordination exercises. Finally, a volleyball player ideally must also have strong and fast arm swing strength supported by good core muscle strength.

Vertical Jump Kinetic Parameters on Sand and Rigid Surfaces in Young Female Volleyball Players with a Combined Background in Indoor and Beach Volleyball.

Little is known about the differences in vertical jump biomechanics executed on rigid (RJS) and sand (SJS) surfaces in female indoor and beach volleyball players. Eleven young female beach volleyball players with a combined indoor and beach volleyball sport background performed squat jumps, countermovement jumps with and without an arm swing, and drop jumps from 40 cm on a RJS (force plate) and SJS (sand pit attached to the force plate). The results of the 2 (surface) × 4 (vertical jump test) repeated-measure ANOVA revealed a significant (p < 0.05) main effect of the surface and the vertical jump test on the jump height and time to achieve peak vertical body center of mass velocity. A significant (p < 0.05) main effect of the test, but not of the surface (p > 0.05), was observed for the other examined biomechanical parameters. The only significant (p < 0.05) jump height gain difference between RJS and SJS was observed for the utilization of the stretch-shortening cycle, which was higher in SJS (15.4%) compared to RJS (7.5%). In conclusion, as the testing was conducted during the beach volleyball competitive season, the examined female players showed adaptations relating the effective utilization of the pre-stretch and enhanced stability during the execution of the vertical jump tests on a SJS compared to RJS.

E61 Prevalence and related factors of spinal pain in Tunisian children and adolescents

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of back and neck pain is common in children and adolescents, and in some series the numbers are alarming. Various risk factors have been identified, although some are controversial. Objective To determine the prevalence of neck and back pain in children and adolescents and to investigate the potential association with various risk factors identified in the literature. Methods We established a questionnaire targeting parents of children and adolescents aged between 6–18 years old in Tunisia. The recruitment of participants was done online using the Google Forms application. The questionnaire was divided into 2 parts: Part one collected the sociodemographics characteristics of the participants: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), exposure to passive smoking, the practice of a physical activity, puberty status and age at puberty if applicable, type and weight of the schoolbag, mean daily time spent on electronic devices, type of school the child attends (private/public), mode of transport from home to school, parental history of neck and/or back pain, posture of the sitting position of the child, and finally whether the child reports neck/back pain. The second part was aimed at parents whose child reported neck and/or back pain. We asked about the weekly frequency of neck/back pain, school absenteeism due to neck/back pain, whether it prevented the child from practicing physical activity and, finally, whether the child had ever seen a doctor/chiropractor/physiotherapist for their neck/back pain. For all statistical tests, the significance threshold was fixed at 0,05. Results Eighty-two participants (sex-ratio = 1) answered the questionnaire. Mean age was 11.4 ± 3.8[6–18]. Thirty (36.6%) were pubescent. Fifty-three children practiced regularly an extracurricular physical activity (swimming n = 11, basketball n = 9, football = 9, tennis = 9, gymnastics= 6, ballet = 5, horseback riding n = 3, krav maga = 2, running n = 1, volley ball n = 1). Mean schoolbag weight according to the participants was 7.6 ± 1.6 kg [1–9]. Fifty-seven children (69.5%) attended private school. Mode of transport was walking, taking public transport and driving the family car respectively in 10 and 1 and 71 children. Parental history of neck and/or back pain was positive in 47 participants (57.3%). Forty-four participants (53.7%) reported bad sitting position of their child. Neck pain, dorsal pain and low back pain (LBP) were reported respectively in 21 (25.6%), 15 (18.3%), 25 (30.5%) participants. Four children (4.9%) had neck, dorsal and low back pain. Among participants who reported neck or back pain, the average weekly frequency was 1.6 [0–7] and 3.7% had a history of missing school due to neck/back pain with a mean truancy per trimester of 3.6 times [1–12]. Spinal pain prevented 9 participants from engaging in physical activity. Twelve participants (14.6%) revealed that their spinal pain made them see a doctor and three (3.7%) a chiropractor/physiotherapist. The analytical study didn’t show an association between neck/back pain and gender, physical activity, type of school and mode of transport to school. A positive parental history of neck or back pain was significantly associated with the presence of neck, dorsal and LBP (P = 0.043, P = 0.011 and P &amp;lt; 0.0001 respectively). The presence of neck pain and LBP were both associated with a bad sitting position (P = 0.05 and P = 0.02 respectively). Presence of LBP was associated with a positive puberty status (P = 0.016), use of a backpack (P = 0.05), and exposure to passive smoking (P = 0.001). No significant correlations were found between neck/back pain and age at puberty, time spent daily on electronic devices, weekly duration of physical activity, schoolbag weight and absenteeism rate. LBP was significantly associated with higher BMI (P = 0.001) and higher age (P = 0.003). Similarly, dorsal pain was associated with higher age (P = 0.03). Conclusion The prevalence of spinal pain was frequent in our series. A positive parental history of spinal pain, a bad posture while sitting, passive smoking, use of backpack, higher age and higher BMI were potential associated factors.

Motion-aware and data-independent model based multi-view 3D pose refinement for volleyball spike analysis

In the volleyball game, estimating the 3D pose of the spiker is very valuable for training and analysis, because the spiker’s technique level determines the scoring or not of a round. The development of computer vision provides the possibility for the acquisition of the 3D pose. Most conventional pose estimation works are data-dependent methods, which mainly focus on reaching a high level on the dataset with the controllable scene, but fail to get good results in the wild real volleyball competition scene because of the lack of large labelled data, abnormal pose, occlusion and overlap. To refine the inaccurate estimated pose, this paper proposes a motion-aware and data-independent method based on a calibrated multi-camera system for a real volleyball competition scene. The proposed methods consist of three key components: 1) By utilizing the relationship of multi-views, an irrelevant projection based potential joint restore approach is proposed, which refines the wrong pose of one view with the other three views projected information to reduce the influence of occlusion and overlap. 2) Instead of training with a large amount labelled data, the proposed motion-aware method utilizes the similarity of specific motion in sports to achieve construct a spike model. Based on the spike model, joint and trajectory matching is proposed for coarse refinement. 3) To finely refine, a point distribution based posterior decision network is proposed. While expanding the receptive field, the pose estimation task is decomposed into a classification decision problem, which greatly avoids the dependence on a large amount of labelled data. The experimental dataset videos with four synchronous camera views are from a real game, the Game of 2014 Japan Inter High School of Men Volleyball. The experiment result achieves 76.25%, 81.89%, and 86.13% success rate at the 30mm, 50mm, and 70mm error range, respectively. Since the proposed refinement framework is based on a real volleyball competition, it is expected to be applied in the volleyball analysis.

PERBEDAAN PENGARUH LATIHAN BOLA VOLI PASSING BAWAH DENGAN TEMAN DAN LATIHAN PASSING BAWAH SENDIRI PADA SISWI KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 24 MERANGIN

Abstract&#x0D; &#x0D; This study aims to find out whether there are differences in underhand passing exercises with friends and underhand passing on the increase in underhand passing in volleyball games for Class VII students of SMP Negeri 24 Merangin.&#x0D; This research is an experimental research with Matched Subject Design. The sample in this study consisted of 20 female students and was divided into experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 using the AB-BA formula. Data analysis in this study used the t-test at a significance level of 5% db 5.&#x0D; Results 1) there is an effect of practicing lower passing alone, with the result of t-count 2.535 &gt; t-table 2.306, 2) there is an effect of practicing lower passing with friends, with a result of t-count 4.482 &gt; t-table 2.306, 3) Training of lower passing with friends are better than the bottom passing exercise alone with a mean post test result of 12.8 &gt; 10.9.&#x0D; The conclusions of the results of this study are 1) There is an effect of lower passing exercises with friends. 2) There is the influence of self-passing exercises. 3) Underhand passing exercises with friends are better than self-passing exercises in improving lower passing abilities in extracurricular students at SMPN 24 Merangin.&#x0D; Keywords: Passing Down, With Friends, Alone

Anthropometric, Power, and Configuration of The Volleyball Game Between Sarawak and Penang Players

This ex post facto research design was conducted to investigate the anthropometric aspects of power and small-sided volleyball game play configuration between Sarawak and Penang volleyball players. The performance of both teams was evaluated through the differences of height, power of leg muscles and skills execution (serve, digging and spiking) in 4 vs 4 volleyball game play. The sample of this research consists of volleyball player from both teams with 15 to 21 years old. The result indicated there was no significant differences between both teams players in term of height, t (30) = 1.696, p= 0.100. However, there was a significant difference in leg power (vertical jump) between the players from the two states, t (30) = 2.916, p = 0.007. Regarding skills execution, no significant differences were found in service skill in the 4 on 4 game play between both states t (30) = 0.808, p = 0.426. The same applied to digging skill in volleyball game play, t (30) = -0.486, p = 0.630 and spiking skill in volleyball game, t (30) = 1.623, p = 0.115. Moreover, tactical decision-making for opening and closing the space also showed no significant differences between the players from Sarawak and Penang, t (30) = 0.877, p = 0.387; t (30) = 0.939, p = 0.355. In conclusion, this finding proved that the development of volleyball game training between the two states are almost similar. It is suggested that volleyball player should focus on technical and tactical concurrently development in game play.