Vitamin D-deficient Group Research Articles

25-Hydroxyvitamin D status does not affect energy metabolism among young, healthy, non-obese adults: a metabolic chamber study.

here is a general consensus that an inverse relationship exists between vitamin D status and body mass index (BMI) in overweight and obese individuals, leading to the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the development of unfavorable metabolic phenotypes. However, evidence from non-obese adults remains limited. This study measured energy metabolism in non-obese adults using a metabolic chamber and explored its association with vitamin D status. Sixty-nine healthy adults (mean age = 22.8 years, mean BMI = 20.7 kg/m2) participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were categorized into vitamin D-deficient, insufficient, and sufficient groups based on the Chinese classification for total 25(OH)D levels (WS/T 677-2020). They performed typical daily activities in a metabolic chamber, where their baseline lipid profile, 24-hour energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation were measured. A two-way ANOVA (seasonality × 25(OH)D) revealed no statistically significant differences in total energy expenditure, resting energy expenditure, sleeping energy expenditure, walking energy expenditure, carbohydrate oxidation rate, or fat oxidation rate among the three groups (p > 0.05). These results remained consistent even after adjusting for fat-free mass. Although statistically significant correlations were found between 25(OH)D status and certain lipid profile markers (i.e., total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and free fatty acid) (p < 0.05), these correlations were weak, with Pearson's correlation coefficients below 0.3. Total 25(OH)D status does not affect energy metabolism in young, healthy, non-obese adults. Along with existing evidence, this suggests that low 25(OH)D status is more likely a consequence of unfavorable metabolic phenotypes rather than a contributing factor. https://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR-IIR-17010604.

Post-Transplant Vitamin D Deficiency in Lung Transplant Recipients: Impact on Outcomes and Prognosis.

Despite the recognized clinical significance of vitamin D deficiency in other solid organ transplant recipients, its specific relevance in lung transplantation remains to be fully understood. In this study, we performed a retrospective observational study on the impact of vitamin D deficiency on clinical outcomes and prognosis in 125 lung transplant recipients (LTRs) from October 2014 to March 2020 at a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Among 125 LTRs, 51 patients (40.8%) were vitamin D deficient. LTRs in the vitamin D-deficient group exhibited a higher incidence of post-transplant pneumonia and overall mortality than those with normal vitamin D levels during the follow-up period. This trend persisted when subjects were stratified into vitamin D tertiles. Furthermore, post-transplant vitamin D levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) significantly impacted pneumonia incidence and survival outcomes. Prognosis also varied based on cumulative vitamin D supplementation after transplantation, with patients receiving higher cumulative supplementation demonstrating improved prognosis. Our findings underscore the importance of assessing and maintaining optimal vitamin D levels post-transplantation, suggesting a potential avenue for improving outcomes in lung transplant recipients, especially in mitigating infection risk and enhancing long-term survival. Further research into optimal vitamin D levels and supplementation strategies in this population is warranted.

Short-Term Outcomes in Patients With Coexistence of COVID-19 Infection and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Large Cohort Study.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is prevalent worldwide and may influence the severity of infectious diseases, including COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between VDD and 30-day clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the TriNetX database, which includes de-identified electronic health records of approximately 155 million patients from 131 healthcare organizations globally. Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with their first documented COVID-19 infection between January 2022 and September 2024 were included. Patients were categorized based on their vitamin D status within three months prior to COVID-19 diagnosis: those with documented VDD (VDD group) and those without (controls). Outcomes assessed were all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalization, the requirement for critical care services, and a composite outcome of these events at 30-day follow-up.Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance covariates such as age, sex, race, and comorbidities between the groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression analysis. After PSM, the study included 68,814 patients, with 34,407 in both the VDD and control groups. VDD was associated with a slight but statistically significant increase in the hazard of experiencing the composite outcome (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.92-1.22, P = 0.42) or all-cause hospitalization (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96-1.05, P = 0.80) between the groups. However, patients with VDD had a significantly higher hazard of requiring critical care services compared to controls (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.16-1.41, P < 0.01). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of requiring critical care services among COVID-19 patients, suggesting that VDD may contribute to greater disease severity. These findings underscore the potential importance of assessing and managing vitamin D deficiency in patients with COVID-19 to improve clinical outcomes.

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25(OH)D3 levels and neurobehavioral development in premature infants after birth

This study explored the factors influencing serum 25(OH)D3 levels and the effects of Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and VD supplementation on 25(OH)D3 levels and neuropsychobehavioral development in premature infants, to provide a theoretical basis for improving their prognosis. Physical examination, neuropsychobehavioral development and serum 25(OH)D3 levels were assessed regularly in 158 preterm infants supplemented with VD formulation. 25(OH)D3 levels were analyzed at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months after birth. The Gesell neuropsychological development test was conducted at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months after birth to obtain the developmental quotient (DQ). Based on the serum 25(OH)D3 levels at 42 days of age, the infants were divided into VDD and non-VDD groups. Preterm infants in the VDD group were supplemented with more VD until their 25(OH)D3 levels were normal, and were divided into sustained VDD (SVDD) and corrected VDD (CVDD) groups according to serum 25(OH)D3 levels at 3 months of age. Appropriate statistical methods were chosen to compare differences in 25(OH)D3 and DQ between or among different groups, screen for the factors influencing 25(OH)D3 levels in preterm infants at 42 days of age, and analyze the relationship between 25(OH)D3 and DQ. The 25(OH)D3 levels of preterm infants at 42 days of age were positively correlated with VD supplementation during pregnancy, and before 42 days after birth (P < 0.05). The 25(OH)D3 levels in preterm infants at 42 days and 3 months of age were positively correlated with the DQ levels at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months of age (P < 0.05). The DQ level in the VDD group, especially SVDD group, was lower than that in CVDD and non-VDD groups at the same time point (P < 0.05). This research thus demonstrates that VD supplementations during pregnancy and after birth is a major factor affecting 25(OH)D3 levels in premature infants. Early VDD and SVDD can affect their neuropsychobehavioral development, and effective VD supplementation can gradually correct VDD and mitigate this influence.

Development of a predictive scoring system for vitamin D deficiency 'Vitamin D Deficiency Predicting Scoring (ViDDPreS)' based on the vitamin D status in young Japanese women: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is common among young women and causes various health problems, including those that occur during pregnancy and childbirth. Thus, we investigated the risk factors for VDD in young Japanese women and developed a simple risk scoring system called Vitamin D Deficiency Predicting Scoring (ViDDPreS). A cross-sectional study, using the following factors for multivariate logistic regression analysis to create the ViDDPreS score: residential area, season, cumulative ambient ultraviolet-B irradiation, BMI, vitamin D supplement use, sun exposure habits, frequency of habitual food intake and eating habits. The subjects were randomly divided into development and test sets for analysis. Serum 25-hydroxivitamin D concentration of less than 20 ng/ml was defined as VDD. Four regions (Hokkaido/Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu/Kinki/Shikoku and Kyushu/Okinawa) in Japan. Five hundred and eighty-three healthy women aged 18-40 years. In the development set, the VDD group (68·4 %) had higher proportions of the following variables than the non-VDD group: residential area outside the Kanto region; blood samples obtained in winter; low BMI (<18·5 kg/m2); vitamin D supplement non-users; short time regularly spent outside on weekdays; intake of fish, vitamin D-abundant fish, dried fish and redfish less than once a week. VDD risk was classified as low, medium or high according to the ViDDPreS scores including these contributing factors, with a test set C-index of 0·671. We identified the risk factors for VDD in young Japanese women and developed a simple risk scoring system that enables us to assess VDD risk and aid in the development of appropriate prevention and treatment strategies for this population.

The impact of supplementing vitamin D through different methods on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To analyze the impact of different methods of Vitamin D administration on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane, up to January 5, 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that compared Vitamin D supplementation with control groups in COVID-19 patients. Outcomes of interest were mortality rate, ICU (Intensive Care Unit) admission rate, length of hospital stay, and endotracheal intubation rate. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the dosing regimen (single-dose vs. continuous-dose), total Vitamin D intake within 14 days (≥100,000 IU vs. <100,000 IU), and baseline serum Vitamin D levels (deficient group: 25OHD < 30 ng/mL vs. non-restricted group). A random-effects model was employed for meta-analysis to account for heterogeneity among studies. A total of 21 studies involving 4,553 participants were included. In terms of mortality, Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the mortality rate (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54-0.94, I 2 = 54%, p = 0.02), with continuous dosing being more effective (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.83, I 2 = 55%, p = 0.006) compared to single-dose (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.69-1.12, I 2 = 21%, p = 0.3), and lower total doses (<100,000 IU) showing greater benefit (RR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.21-0.44, I 2 = 0%, p < 0.0001). Mortality was significantly reduced in the Vitamin D-deficient group (25OHD < 30 ng/mL) (RR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59-0.89, I 2 = 0%, p = 0.002) but not in the non-restricted group. Regarding ICU admission, supplementation reduced ICU admission rates (RR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.88, I 2 = 74%, p = 0.01), with continuous dosing (RR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.22-0.90, I 2 = 74%, p = 0.02) being more effective than single-dose (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.61-1.03, I 2 = 22%, p = 0.08), and lower doses (<100,000 IU) providing more significant reduction (RR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.21-0.47, I 2 = 0%, p = 0.001). ICU admission rates were significantly reduced in the Vitamin D-deficient group (RR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42-0.93, I 2 = 0%, p = 0.02) but not in the non-restricted group (RR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.32-1.11, I 2 = 86%, p = 0.1). For length of hospital stay, no significant differences were observed between Vitamin D and control groups (MD = -1, 95% CI: -2.16 to 0.16, p = 0.13), and subgroup analyses by dosing regimen, total dose, and baseline Vitamin D levels also showed no significant differences. Similarly, for endotracheal intubation, there was no significant difference in intubation rates between groups (RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.56-1.08, p = 0.13), and subgroup analyses confirmed no significant effect of different dosing strategies or baseline Vitamin D status on intubation rates. Vitamin D supplementation improves clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients by reducing mortality and ICU admission rates, particularly when administered continuously with a total dose of less than 100,000 IU over 14 days, and among those with baseline Vitamin D deficiency (25OHD < 30 ng/mL). However, there were no significant effects on the length of hospital stay or endotracheal intubation rates, regardless of the dosing regimen or baseline Vitamin D levels. These findings emphasize the importance of considering both the total dose over 14 days and baseline Vitamin D status to optimize therapeutic benefits.

The correlation between vitamin D and the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel chemotherapy.

Paclitaxel, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for various cancers, induces peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) in approximately 80% of patients, severely affecting their quality of life. The role of vitamin D in pain perception has gained attention, but its correlation with PIPN remains unclear. This study included 129 cancer patients who received adjuvant paclitaxel chemotherapy from January to June 2023. Neuropathic pain was assessed using the Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions (DN4) questionnaire, and serum levels of vitamin D and glutathione (GSH) were measured to explore the correlation between vitamin D levels and neuropathic pain induced by paclitaxel chemotherapy. The results showed a negative correlation between vitamin D deficiency and the occurrence of neuropathic pain (Spearman correlation coefficient of -0.324, P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the vitamin D curve for neuropathic pain was 0.681. Furthermore, after paclitaxel chemotherapy, there was a significant decrease in GSH levels in the serum of patients, with a more pronounced decline in the vitamin D-deficient group. The findings of this study indicate that higher levels of vitamin D are negatively associated with the occurrence of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain, suggesting that vitamin D might protect against oxidative stress. This discovery is significant for clinical treatment as it may help physicians better understand the mechanisms of pain during paclitaxel therapy and provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of such pain. It also suggests that modulating vitamin D levels could reduce the neurotoxicity of paclitaxel, thereby improving patients' quality of life and treatment compliance.

Correlation between Serum 25 (OH) D Levels with Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease - A Retrospective Study based on Chinese Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and insulin resistance, as well as metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 491 T2DM patients who were newly diagnosed between January 2017 and August 2022 at Peking University International Hospital. These patients were categorized into three groups based on their 25(OH)D levels. The prevalence of MAFLD was significantly elevated in both the Vitamin D(VD) deficiency group and the VD insufficiency group compared to the VD sufficiency group (χ2 = 6.51, p<0.05). The patients in the VD sufficiency group had lower levels of insulin resistance，as assessed by the homeostasis model assessment when compared to the VD deficiency group and the VD insufficiency group (F = 8.61，p &#60; 0.05). Additionally, the VD sufficiency group demonstrated higher levels of β cell function in comparison to the other two groups(p&#60;0.05， respectively). (2) A significant negative correlation was observed between 25(OH)D levels and insulin resistance, as assessed by the homeostasis model assessment in T2DM patients(r=-0.33，p&#60;0.05 for females; r=-0.32，p&#60;0.05 for males). (3) In male patients, 25(OH)D was identified as a protective factor against MAFLD(OR = 0.42;95%CI:0.19-0.95;p&#60;0.05). Meanwhile，in female patients, 25(OH)D was also associated with a reduced risk of MAFLD(OR = 0.35;95%CI 0.17-0.89;p&#60;0.05). Additionally, the study determined that the threshold values for 25(OH)D were 15.06 ng/ml in female patients and 18.79 ng/ml in male patients for predicting MAFLD. In newly diagnosed with T2DM patients, the level of 25(OH)D may be related to insulin resistance and β cell secretion function independently and VD deficiency is an independent risk factor for MAFLD in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.</p>.

Cross-Sectional and Prospective Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Gut Mycobiota during Pregnancy among Women with Gestational Diabetes.

Little is known about the effect of blood vitamin D status on the gut mycobiota (i.e., fungi), a crucial component of the gut microbial ecosystem. The study aims to explore the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and gut mycobiota and to investigate the link between the identified mycobial features and blood glycemic traits. The study examines the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and the gut mycobiota in the Westlake Precision Birth Cohort, which includes pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study develops a genetic risk score (GRS) for 25(OH)D to validate the observational results. In both the prospective and cross-sectional analyses, the vitamin D is associated with gut mycobiota diversity. Specifically, the abundance of Saccharomyces is significantly lower in the vitamin D-sufficient group than in the vitamin D-deficient group. The GRS of 25(OH)D is inversely associated with the abundance of Saccharomyces. Moreover, the Saccharomyces is positively associated with blood glucose levels. Blood vitamin D status is associated with the diversity and composition of gut mycobiota in women with GDM, which may provide new insights into the mechanistic understanding of the relationship between vitamin D levels and metabolic health.

Risk factors and outcomes of vitamin D deficiency in very preterm infants

BackgroundVitamin D is essential for bone health and immune system. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) poses a high-risk to very preterm (VP) infants. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with VDD in VP infants and its potential clinical outcomes. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on VP infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a specialized tertiary hospital in Seoul, Republic of Korea, between January 2018 and June 2022. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and other biochemical parameters were measured between 4 and 6 weeks of age. VDD was defined as a serum 25(OH)D level <20 ng/mL. Prenatal and postnatal risk factors and clinical outcomes were compared between the VDD and non-VDD groups. ResultsOf the 82 VP infants analyzed, 27 (32.9%) were diagnosed with VDD. The VDD group exhibited a significantly longer duration of parenteral nutrition (PN) compared to the non-VDD group (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.008–1.245). Breast milk intake was lower in the VDD group than in the non-VDD group (adjusted OR = 0.976, 95% CI, 0.955–0.999). Notably, calcium levels were significantly lower in the VDD group, while parathyroid hormone levels were significantly higher, compared with the non-VDD group. Additionally, the rickets severity score was higher in the VDD group than in the non-VDD, although the difference was not statistically significant. ConclusionsProlonged PN duration and low breast milk intake significantly increased the risk of VDD in VP infants.

Association of serum vitamin D concentration and miscarriage rate in women with first-trimester threatened miscarriage

Research questionIs low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) associated with an increased risk of miscarriage in women who presented with threatened miscarriage to the Early Pregnancy Assessment Clinic (EPAC)? DesignThis was a secondary retrospective analysis using archived serum samples from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Stored serum samples from 371 women presenting to the EPAC with threatened miscarriage during the first trimester were assayed for 25(OH)D by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. ResultsThe overall miscarriage rate was 45/371 (12.1%) in the whole cohort. After grouping vitamin D insufficiency and vitamin D sufficiency together into a ‘non-deficient’ group and excluding participants who underwent termination of pregnancy, there was no difference in the miscarriage rate between those who were vitamin D deficient compared with those who were not (25/205, 12.2% versus 20/157, 12.7%, P= 0.877, odds ratio 0.951, 95% CI 0.507–1.784). When analysed according to the number of gestational weeks, the miscarriage rate was significantly higher in the vitamin D non-deficient group than the vitamin D-deficient group in women who presented at 6 gestational weeks or earlier (13/33 [39.4%] versus 10/58 [17.2%], P= 0.019), but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups presenting at later gestations. There was no difference in the vitamin D level in women who had a miscarriage compared with those who had a live birth (48 [37–57] versus 47 [37–58] nmol/l, P= 0.725 median [25th–75th percentile]). ConclusionsA low serum vitamin D concentration was not associated with an increased risk of miscarriage in women with threatened miscarriage presenting to the EPAC.

Do serum vitamin D levels affect assisted reproductive outcomes and perinatal outcomes in young non-PCOS patients? A retrospective study.

This study aimed to determine the influence of serum vitamin D levels on assisted reproductive and perinatal outcomes in young non-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. A total of 3397 non-PCOS women under 35years who underwent their first IVF/ICSI cycle at the Reproductive Medicine Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from 2018 to 2019, were included. The women were categorized into two groups based on their serum 25(OH)D concentrations: deficient group [25(OH)D < 50nmol/L] and non-deficient group [25(OH)D ≥ 50nmol/L]. Ovulation induction results, clinical pregnancy rate, cumulative live birth rate (CLBR), and perinatal outcomes of both groups were compared. A total of 1113 non-PCOS women had successful pregnancies in their first completed IVF cycle. Comparison of laboratory results between the two groups revealed a significantly higher number of oocytes retrieved in the vitamin D-non-deficient group (15.2 ± 6.8 vs. 14.5 ± 6.7, p = 0.015). After controlling for confounding factors, there was no significant difference in the CLBR between the vitamin D-deficient group and the non-deficient group (71.0%, 1,973/2,778 vs. 69.0%, 427/619, p = 0.314, unadjusted). The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was higher in the vitamin D-deficient group than in the vitamin D-non-deficient group in both fresh-cycle singleton live births (3.8% vs. 1.2%) and twin live births (2.3% vs. 1.5%). This study demonstrated that vitamin D-deficient group had a lower number of oocytes retrieved than the non-deficient group and a higher prevalence of GDM, suggesting that vitamin D deficiency impacts assisted pregnancies and perinatal outcomes in infertile non-PCOS women. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.

Vitamin D deficiency and atrial fibrillation: A cross sectional single center study.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) augments the risk of stroke by 4-5 times. Vitamin D is pivotal in numerous metabolic pathways. A handful of studies have explored the correlation between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and AF outcomes. Hence, the authors sought to assess the relationship between VDD and AF outcomes. From December 2021 to February 2023, 190 patients with AF were incorporated into the authors' study. Given the seasonal fluctuation of vitamin D levels, these levels were examined from the start of December until the end of March. The final analysis comprised 190 patients (55.8% male) with an average age of 46.22±15.03. Vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency were noted in 77 (40.5%), 46 (24.2%), and 67 (35.3%) patients, respectively. Fatigue and syncope were significantly more prevalent in the VDD group than in other groups. Three-vessel disease was more frequent in the VDD group (p-value=0.04). Mortality was more prevalent in patients with VDD (6.31%) compared to the VDI (2.10%) and VDS (0.05%) groups (p = 0.03). Successful cardioversion was significantly more prevalent in the VDS group (p = 0.03). A sufficient level of vitamin D was linked with a better response to cardioversion. However, low vitamin D levels are correlated with higher mortality in AF patients.

Combination of Vitamin D Intake and Aerobic Exercise Protected Young Female Rats From Oxidative Stress and Memory Impairment Caused by Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency

Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a crucial global health issue that causes increased oxidative stress (OS) and memory disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D (VD) and aerobic exercise (EXE) combination therapy on OS and memory impairment caused by maternal VDD in young female rats. Methods: Forty female Wistar rats, aged 3 weeks and weighing 70±5 g, were divided into five groups. The Sham with a standard diet (SSD) group received a standard diet (SD) 6 weeks before mating until the end of lactation, and the VDD group consumed VDD a week before mating until the last day of lactation. The VDD+VD group received SD containing 1,000 IU/kg VD a week before mating until the end of lactation, and the VDD+EXE group received SD one week before mating until the last day of gestation and underwent treadmill exercise from a week before mating until gestational day 20. The last group received VDD+VD+EXE. Finally, spatial memory was assessed, and the animals were sacrificed on post-natal day 40. Left hippocampal OS status was evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Maternal VDD caused an elevation in hippocampal OS along with memory impairment (P &lt; 0.05). Vitamin D supplementation and aerobic exercise, alone or in combination, improved memory performance in the T-maze and novel object recognition test tasks by reducing lipid peroxidation levels and increasing enzymatic antioxidant activity in the hippocampus (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicated that vitamin D supplementation and aerobic exercise can effectively reduce the amount of OS and thus improve the level of memory in rats.

Association between vitamin D deficiency and post-acute outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and post-acute outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This retrospective study used the TriNetX research network to identify COVID-19 patients between January 1 and November 30, 2022. Patients were matched using propensity score matching (PSM) and divided into VDD (< 20ng/mL) and control (≥ 20ng/mL) groups. The primary outcome was a composite of post-COVID-19 condition (identified by ICD-10 code), all-cause emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalization, and death during the follow-up period (90-180days) after the diagnosis of COVID-19. From an initial recruitment of 42,674 non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and known 25(OH)D status, a VDD group of 8300 was identified and propensity matched with 8300 controls. During the follow-up period, the VDD group had a higher risk of the primary outcome than did the control group [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.122; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.041-1.210]. The VDD group also had a higher risk of all-cause ED visits (HR = 1.114; 95% CI = 1.012-1.226), all-cause hospitalization (HR = 1.230; 95% CI = 1.105-1.369), and all-cause death (HR = 1.748; 95% CI = 1.047-2.290) but not post-COVID-19 condition (HR = 0.980; 95% CI = 0.630-1.523), individually. Among the COVID-19 patients, VDD might be associated with a higher risk of all-cause ED visits, hospitalization, and death during the post-acute phase.

Association of serum vitamin D levels on Helicobacter pylori infection: a retrospective study with real-world data.

The aim of this study was to determine whether serum vitamin D levels are associated with H. pylori infection and whether low serum vitamin D levels are an independent risk factor for H. pylori infection. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a multicenter cohort study from 2017 to 2019. A total of 415 H. pylori+ patients and 257 H. pylori- patients aged between 18 and 75 years with both 13C-urea breath test and serum vitamin D level results were included from four hospitals. A questionnaire was used to collect information on potential factors influencing H. pylori infection. Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the H. pylori+ group than in the H. pylori- group (16.7 ± 6.6 ng/ml vs. 19.2 ± 8.0 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Using a cutoff value of 20 ng/ml, the H. pylori infection rate was significantly higher in the vitamin D-deficient group (< 20 ng/ml) than in the vitamin D-nondeficiency group (≥ 20 ng/ml) (66.5% vs. 51.0%, p < 0.001). Ordered logistic regression analysis showed that serum vitamin D levels < 20 ng/ml (OR: 1.652, 95% CI: 1.160-2.351, p = 0.005), higher education levels (OR: 1.774, 95% CI: 1.483-2.119, p < 0.001), family size ≥ 4 (OR: 1.516, 95% CI: 1.081-2.123, p = 0.016), and lower annual income (OR: 1.508, 95% CI: 1.289-1.766, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for H. pylori infection. Lower serum vitamin D levels may be associated with an increased risk of H. pylori infection, and lower serum vitamin D levels are an independent risk factor for increasing H. pylori infection rates. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether supplementation with vitamin D can reduce H. pylori infection rates.

Incidence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Association With Microalbuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). VD deficiency and its associated factors are understudied in Pakistan. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of VD deficiency and its association with microalbuminuria in patients with T2DM. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 110 patients diagnosed with T2DM aged between 30 and 65 years in the outpatientdepartment clinic of diabetes in Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, for around eight months from November 2022 to June 2023. Non-probability sampling technique and established inclusion and exclusion criteria were used for patient recruitment. Ethical approval and informed consent were also waived before data collection. Data collection was done by an interview-based and self-designed questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out via descriptive statistics along with chi-square, independent-samples t-test, and Pearson correlation in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Results The means of the study population for age, serum VD, and UACR (urine spot for albumin-to-creatinine ratio) were 48.50±15.67 years, 28.16±15.34 ng/mL, and 29.69± 87.22 µg/mg, respectively. The incidences of VD deficiency and microalbuminuria in the study population were 43.64% and 28.20%, respectively. VD deficiency was significantly associated with age group (p=0.002), gender (p=0.008), and albuminuria status (p=0.004). The comparison of means of UACR between the VD deficiency group and the non-VD deficiency group was also significant (0.001).VD deficiency was higher among older age groups, female gender, and patients with microalbuminuria. A significant negative correlation between serum VD level and UACR (microalbuminuria) (p=0.002) was present. Conclusion VD deficiency incidence was notably high in the study population. Older age, female gender, and microalbuminuria were found to elevate the VD deficiency to a crucial level. Serum VD deficiency and microalbuminuria were significantly and negatively correlated. Therefore, VD level should be monitored intermittently in T2DM, so that we could prevent the progression of T2DM timely.

Association of serum vitamin-D level with renal function in a rural population of Bangladesh

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is an emerging global health problem. Recent studies have indicated that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency even in tropical countries is as high as that observed in Western populations. Vitamin D deficiency has high impact on renal disorders which are leading causes of death in humans.&#x0D; Methods: This was a cross sectional analytical study. According to inclusion criteria of the study total 259 participants were recruited from a rural area, Baidyerbazar union of Narayanganj district. After taking history and clinical examination, relevant investigations were done. Serum 25(OH)D was measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) technology (DiaSorin Inc, Stillwater, MN). Renal functions of the study population were assessed by e-GFR (calculated by CKD-EPI equation), urinary ACR and urine microscopy.&#x0D; Results: In this study out of 259 study subjects on vitamin-D status 6.2%, 33.6% and 60.2% had vitamin-D sufficiency, insufficiency and deficiency respectively. Among participated female (133) 78.2% had vitamin-D deficiency and among participated male (126) 41.3% had vitamin-D deficiency. Among vitamin-D sufficiency, insufficiency and deficiency group the mean eGFR was 102.94, 104.87 and 109.33 ml/min/1.73 m2 respectively. The mean uACR level was 6.97, 22.89 and 37.29 mg/gm respectively.&#x0D; Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that 93.8% of study population had either vitamin-D insufficiency or deficiency. Vitamin-D deficiency was more prevalent in females than males. Serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D level was negatively associated with urinary ACR level.&#x0D; Mugda Med Coll J. 2022; 5(2): 82-87

THE LINK BETWEEN CHOLECALCIFEROL INTAKE AND MANIFESTATIONS OF DEPRESSION AND MENSTRUAL ANOMALIES IN PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME

Diminished vitamin D levels have been linked to manifestations of premenstrual discomfort and mood disturbances. Our study delved into the connection between reduced cholecalciferol concentrations and depressive tendencies alongside diverse menstrual inconsistencies observed in individuals with PMS. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 250 female participants sourced from the Gynecology Outpatient Department at Liaquat University of Medical &amp; Health Sciences (LUMHS), Jamshoro Hyderabad, Pakistan. This study encompassed women aged 15 to 45, especially those in good health but with a documented history of depression and PMS. The Beck Depression Inventory was employed to clinically assess the incidence of depression, while the premenstrual syndrome scale was utilized to gauge PMS. The Chi-square test was applied for statistical analysis to juxtapose two quantitative parameters: vitamin D levels and Beck's scores, dysmenorrhea, menstrual flow, and age at menarche. Our analysis showed that 37.2% of the participants grappled with heavy menstrual flow, whereas 45.6% suffered from dysmenorrhea. Alarmingly, vitamin D was deficient in 61.2%, while an additional 34% displayed suboptimal levels. Regarding mental health indicators, 35.2% exhibited signs of mild depressive episodes during their premenstrual cycle, with a further 36.4% experiencing more acute depressive states. Among the vitamin D-deficient group, 18.8% were borderline for clinical depression, with 28.8% categorized under the severe depression bracket. Our statistical findings highlighted a pronounced linkage between Beck's depression indices and vitamin D concentrations, yielding a P-value of 0.001. In dysmenorrhea, 39.6% of the afflicted females had compromised vitamin D levels. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency was present in 36.8% of participants reporting intense menstrual flow. Notably, 9.6% of females who reached menarche at 12 exhibited reduced vitamin D levels, compared to a mere 0.8% with early menarche and satisfactory vitamin D metrics. There appears to be an inverse relationship between vitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms, suggesting that optimal vitamin D levels could potentially ameliorate depressive manifestations.

Bionics investigation of blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the interpretable biomechanics diagnosis of childhood anemia.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) causes a wide range of health problems, including anemia in infants. If not treated promptly, it may create serious issues for infants with long-term impacts. Therefore, a satisfactory solution to this problem is required. This investigation was to explore the correlation between the blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and childhood anemia. In this investigation, a cross-sectional examination was performed on 2,942 babies ranging in age from 2 to 36 months and classified into three cohorts: VDD (Vitamin D deficiency), VDI (Vitamin D insufficiency), and VDS (Vitamin D sufficiency). Multiple-variables and multinomially-related logistic regressions for examining the anemia status-vitamin D (Vit-D) relationship of the baseline as the interpretable visual quality models were examined. The median serum 25(OH)D level in 2,942 infants was 24.72±4.26 ng/l, with 661 cases (22.5%) of VDD and 1710 cases of deficiency (58.1%), and a noticeable seasonal variation (p<0.05). Anemia was present in 28.5% of the VDD group compared with 3.3% in vit-D sufficient infants (p<0.0001). Lower levels of 25(OH)D were found to be associated with an increased risk of anemia in a multiple-variable regression analysis.In healthy children, low 25(OH)D levels were associated with increased risk of anemia. Biologically inspired, primary care physicians should assess Vit-D levels and place a greater emphasis on adequate supplementation for deficiency prevention.