View Of Relationship Research Articles

The Voting Rights of Senior Citizens: Should all Votes Count the Same?

AbstractIn 1970, Stewart advocated disenfranchising everyone reaching retirement age or age 70, whichever was earlier. The question of whether senior citizens should be disenfranchised has recently come to the fore due to votes on issues such as Brexit and climate change. Indeed, there is a growing literature which argues that we should increase the voting power of non-senior citizens relative to senior citizens, for reasons having to do with intergenerational justice. Thus, it seems that there are reasons of justice to disenfranchise senior citizens, or at least to grant them a lower voting weight than non-senior citizens. In this paper, we investigate whether there are democratic reasons to do so. To answer this question, we turn to the boundary problem in democratic theory, i.e., the question of who should be included in democratic decision-making. Two prominent solutions, and a more recent one, are particularly relevant: the all-affected principle, the all-subjected principle, and the relational egalitarian principle. When it comes to the all-affected principle and the all-subjected principle, we argue that there is reason to grant most senior citizens a lower voting weight than most non-senior citizens in most decisions. Whether that is the case on the relational egalitarian principle depends on how people relate to each other in society. Indeed, it is sometimes in accordance with the relational egalitarian view to grant senior citizens a greater voting weight than non-senior citizens.

An Ethical View of Human-Animal Relations in the Ancient Near East

An Ethical View of Human-Animal Relations in the Ancient Near East

Anonymous Expressions Regarding the Theological Debates in the Commentary of al-Ṭabarī II: Some Controversial Issues Regarding the Acts of Human and the Hereafter Life

The first centuries of Islamic history have witnessed many theological debates. The sectarian groups of that time have used the Qur’ānic text and the traditions in order to support their ideas. Therefore the Qur’ānic text became a field of controversial debates among the theologians of Islam. Being among the forerunner savants of Islam, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923), also handled the main theological debates of the first three centuries of Islam in his commentary called Jāmiʽ al-Bayān ʽan Taʼwīl Āy al-Qurʼān. al-Ṭabarī, mostly, presents the theological deba-tes among the Islamic sectarian groups without mentioning the proper names of the persons or the sects to whom the related theological views belong to. He usually uses anonymous expressi-ons such as ‘some researchers’, ‘some exegetes’, and so on instead of giving proper names of the sectarian groups or the personalities. Therefore, in this article, the proper names of personali-ties and sectarian groups alluded to by al-Ṭabarī under anonymous expressions will be brought to light relying mainly on the Islamic literature. As a common method of his commentary al-Ṭabarī, mostly transmits traditions related to the theological debates he deals with, nevertheless he sometimes does not supply any tradition regarding the disputed theological topics. In this study, only the isnāds of the traditions quoted by al-Ṭabarī will be provided, whereas every supported view will be briefly summarised. Here we will not handle all the anonymous expressions related to the theological debates, but we will sum up some controversial theological issues regarding the acts of human and the hereafter life such as beatific vision, the definition of faith, free will, the creation of human acts, and so on.

Situational Analysis in Accounting Research

Objective: Revise and illustrate the Situational Analysis (SA) method and its theoretical and procedural assumptions to enable novel inductive inquiry in accounting studies.
 Method: We develop a theoretical essay on SA advances Grounded Theory, addressing the challenges of social life in the postmodern world. The essay focus on how accounting researchers can explore SA in diverse projects, especially those requiring multiple data about a particular phenomenon, allowing researchers to integrate action in different contexts. SA’s analytical stance is structured through maps, embracing the notion of empirical evidence to promote epistemic diversity and multivocality and recognize the importance of non-human elements in structuring social relations.
 Results: The paper presents an analytical alternative that is not limited to the micro, meso, or macro levels of events. Facing complexities, it provides relational views of ecologies of situations, repositioning research in individual, collective and discursive ways. With SA, a researcher can develop novel inquiry that challenges the status quo and unexplored facets of complex situations.
 Contributions: The paper explores and illustrates the potential of a qualitative method not yet familiar to accounting researchers, bridging the gap between post-modern perspectives on discourse and investigation of agency on complex phenomena involving accounting concepts and mechanisms.

Using fear, greed and machine learning for optimizing global portfolios: A Black-Litterman approach

We introduce a new dimension in constructing relative investor views for the Black-Litterman model by incorporating fear/greed technical indicator predictions as a proxy for investor sentiment in the portfolio construction process. We apply a hybrid CEEMDAN-GRU deep learning model to forecast this indicator and the XGBoost ensemble learning algorithm to forecast returns for ten country ETFs and create relative views for the Black-Litterman model. These models beat several benchmark forecasting models. Our empirical results show that the proposed approach outperforms the Markowitz, minimum-variance, equally-weighted and risk-parity strategies along with four other Black-Litterman approaches from the literature for six investment periods.

Running From the Union Label? Labor and Business Political Mobilization in the Golden Age

This paper assesses labor's political effectiveness in the industrial Midwest at the peak of union strength during the 1950s—a time and place that should have been ripe for labor mobilization. Comparing labor and business mobilization and outcomes across key labor elections, I find that politicians and business groups were often successful in persuading industrial communities to vote against labor's interests while unions struggled to shed outsider and greedy special interest labels. To make sense of labor's mixed performance, I draw on social movement theory and the inter-related nature of union mobilization, countermovement organization, and the framing of labor issues. Labor struggled when facing a well-organized business countermovement, which effectively weaponized the union label against labor. Union success hinged in part on their ability to downplay union identity and to have other more respected community partners do much of the public-facing work, but only when facing a fractured opposition. The findings point to important vulnerabilities unions faced at their peak and suggest a more nuanced view of postwar labor relations. They also extend social movement research on framing by identifying the important role of countermovements and coalitions in shaping what movements can convey and what will resonate.

Investigating ICT skills as enablers for sustainable youth employability in South Africa: A literature review

The progress and sustainability of a nation's economy are attributed to its human capital, and a country lacking competent, knowledgeable, and productive manpower will struggle to thrive due to a dearth of talented individuals in the job market. To enhance the quality of skilled manpower in industries, the South African government is promoting digital literacy among its youth. This research aims to investigate the use of ICTs skills and competencies as an enabler for promoting sustainable advancement of youth employability in South Africa, as the country's youth unemployment rate for the 15-34 age group was 55.2% in the 1st quarter of 2019. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) era has exacerbated job scarcity and inequality due to the scarcity of advanced ICT skills. As a result, South Africa has chosen to increase ICT usage to enhance economic activity and job creation. A critical literature review was conducted to support the research inquiry through a systematic literature review (SLR) as the research methodology since the contents are based on existing literature studies in identifying research needs and gaps, collecting or gathering lines of thoughts Memon et al. (2020) and views in relation to ICT skills and competences as an enabler for sustainable advancement of youth employability in South Africa. The approach was supported using the Sustainable Livelihood Theory as the research framework to support the findings.

Shaping online and offline informal learning networks in off-site construction projects: a proximity perspective

PurposeInformal learning networks are critical to response to calls for practitioners to reskill and upskill in off-site construction projects. With the transition to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social media-enabled online knowledge communities play an increasingly important role in acquiring and disseminating off-site construction knowledge. Proximity has been identified as a key factor in facilitating interactive learning, yet which type of proximity is effective in promoting online and offline knowledge exchange remains unclear. This study takes a relational view to explore the proximity-related antecedents of online and offline learning networks in off-site construction projects, while also examining the subtle differences in the networks' structural patterns.Design/methodology/approachFive types of proximity (physical, organizational, social, cognitive and personal) between projects members are conceptualized in the theoretical model. Drawing on social foci theory and homophily theory, the research hypotheses are proposed. To test these hypotheses, empirical case studies were conducted on two off-site construction projects during the COVID-19 pandemic. Valid relational data provided by 99 and 145 project members were collected using semi-structured interviews and sociometric questionnaires. Subsequently, multivariate exponential random graph models were developed.FindingsThe results show a discrepancy arise in the structural patterns between online and offline learning networks. Offline learning is found to be more strongly influenced by proximity factors than online learning. Specifically, physical, organizational and social proximity are found to be significant predictors of offline knowledge exchange. Cognitive proximity has a negative relationship with offline knowledge exchange but is positively related to online knowledge exchange. Regarding personal proximity, the study found that the homophily effect of hierarchical status merely emerges in offline learning networks. Online knowledge communities amplify the receiver effect of tenure. Furthermore, there appears to be a complementary relationship between online and offline learning networks.Originality/valueProximity offers a novel relational perspective for understanding the formation of knowledge exchange connections. This study enriches the literature on informal learning within project teams by revealing how different types of proximity shape learning networks across different channels in off-site construction projects.

National identities, European identity and cosmopolitanism: The case of female golf fans at the 2019 Solheim Cup

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to consider the relationship between sport and identity formation by examining testimonies of 24 British women who attended the Solheim Cup golf tournament in 2019 to support a transnational team made up of professional European women players. Relatively little is known about the effects of transnational sports teams on identity formation, not least because such teams are themselves rare. The Solheim Cup, contested by teams of female professional golfers representing the United States and Europe, is one such example. The data set consists of interviews with women who attended the competition that took place in a period of political uncertainty between the UK electorate voting to leave the European Union and Brexit actually taking place. The paper analyses the women's views in relation to national identity, European identity and cosmopolitanism. Although it emerges that most of the women felt more European in the context of a competition involving a team representing Europe and were opposed to the United Kingdom leaving the European Union, they could also be described as cosmopolitan as a result of their educational level, social class and experience of living in or regularly visiting foreign countries.

On knots and temporality: a relational view of time

On knots and temporality: a relational view of time

Root identity–relation identity in Inga Simpson’s Understory: a life with trees

ABSTRACT Simpson’s memoir Understory: A Life with Trees illustrates significant changes in life writing that align it with transmodernity and its turn to the relational. They become apparent when reading Understory alongside Édouard Glissant’s distinction between root identity and relation identity. In generic terms, the memoir confirms the growing openness to different conventions, in this case those of the botany treatise and the nature essay. Moreover, the work expands limits on a thematic level by foregrounding Simpson’s affinity with trees, a true map of her story of living in a forest in Queensland for ten years. With this other-than-human perspective, Simpson reveals the interpenetration between the two types of identity theorised by Glissant, opting for a complex relational view that does not rule out roots. This paper argues that Simpson has made a number of important discoveries: 1. trees are at the same time rooted and relational; 2. her form of environmental activism requires readjustment; 3. she needs to undo the latinising of botany terms and learn the Indigenous names of trees before she can learn the language of the forest; 4. human exceptionalism and anthropocentrism have to be put in perspective; and 5. lone trees grow taller but die younger.

백제와 탐라 관계를 바라보는 시각

백제와 탐라 관계를 바라보는 시각

The right to information from the point of view of legal theory, international law and international relations

Taking into account the informatization of public life, the growing role of information, and the development of the information society, the right to information is important not only as a certain set of powers but also as a priority vital interest, the implementation of which has a decisive impact on the life of a modern person. The purpose of the work is the study of information rights in the context of law per se, from the point of view of establishing the researched law at the international level and with regard to international relations regarding information. Research methodology consists of such methods as comparative legal method, inference, hermeneutic method, induction and deduction method, and historical legal method. As a result of the conducted research, it was concluded that the legal regulation of the right of citizens to access public information is one of the most important guarantees of the development of any democratic society. It is concluded that the establishment of the right to information and access to public information at the international level has a positive effect on the realization of fundamental rights by citizens, as well as on the activities of authorities and institutions of public society.

Revealing Disparities in Porous Networks Between Yttria Aerogel Assemblies with Nanosheets and Nanoparticles and Their Ultrathermal Insulation and Optical Properties.

Recent advancements have introduced anisotropic structures, particularly 2D nanosheets, into aerogels, resulting in unique morphologies and exceptional properties that differ from those assembled by isotropic nanoparticles. However, exploration of the distinct porous networks and the resulting properties is limited. We focus on rare earth yttria (Y2O3) aerogels as a case in point and demonstrate the synthesis of aerogels with nanosheet and nanoparticle assemblies using elaborative sol-gel chemistry. With the aid of X-ray computed tomography, three-dimensional visualizations of the aerogels provide relative compressive views of the porous network, revealing that the Y2O3 aerogel assembled by nanosheets possesses a hierarchical pore structure characterized by uneven pore distribution, particularly the presence of macropores throughout; in contrast, these consist of nanoparticles exhibiting a relative uniform pore distribution. High-temperature examinations indicate that the nanosheet aerogels are much more stable with a specific surface area of 64 m2·g-1 after being exposed at 1300 °C; meanwhile, the aerogels present durable and efficient thermal insulation performances. The exceptional thermal properties are attributed to the synergistic effects of the nanosheets' crystalline nature and the hierarchical porous network. The nanosheet Y2O3 aerogel also exhibited superior luminescent emission characteristics, further enhancing its potential for various applications. Our findings provide further insights into optimization of the microstructures in nanoporous aerogels, particularly through the utilization of anisotropic nanosheets.

Automated decision-making and good administration: Views from inside the government machinery

Use of semi- and fully automated, administrative decision-making in public administration is increasing. Despite this increase, few studies have explicitly analysed its relation to good administration. Good administration is regulations and norms aimed at securing the correctness of administrative decisions as well as the legitimacy of these and is often associated with underlying values such as transparency, equality of treatment and accountability. Based on a thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with 43 key public administration stakeholders in a wide array of policy areas in Denmark, insiders of government machinery are shown to perceive relations between automated decision-making and good administration as manifold. Automated, administrative decision-making is articulated as providing both opportunities for supporting good administration and undermining good administration. Six values of good administration particularly related to automated, administrative decision-making are identified: Carefulness; Respecting-individual-rights; Professionalism; Trustworthiness; Responsiveness and Empowerment. Put simply, risks to good administration can be expected to occur if administrative bodies apply automated, administrative decision-making, while opportunities must be actively nurtured through managerial attention. Despite popular conceptions of the threat of “robotic government”, the conclusions of this study indicate a need for a more pragmatic view of relations of automated, administrative decision-making and good administration balanced between outright techno-optimism and techno-pessimism.

How to do robots with words: a performative view of the moral status of humans and nonhumans

Moral status arguments are typically formulated as descriptive statements that tell us something about the world. But philosophy of language teaches us that language can also be used performatively: we do things with words and use words to try to get others to do things. Does and should this theory extend to what we say about moral status, and what does it mean? Drawing on Austin, Searle, and Butler and further developing relational views of moral status, this article explores what it means to conceptualize moral status in a performative way and in a way that reaches deep down to its basis, proposes a distinction between strong and weak versions of this view, and discusses the implications for thinking about the moral status of humans and nonhumans. Next to contributing to theory about performativity in the moral domain in general, this effort helps to reveal, understand, and evaluate the performative dimension of utterances made in public discussions about the moral status of animals and artificial agents such as robots and artificial intelligence.

Student Views of BK Teacher Profiles in Terms of BK Professional Ethics

The complexity of problems in everyday life is a challenge for school counselors and counselors in demonstrating their professionalism as a counselor profession in assisting counselee development. For the sake of maintaining honor as profession, so as school counselor must aware that for reach That need competency and obey to code ethics profession. Student as user service counseling in school still looked bad profile from the school counselor. The purpose of this research is to know view from student to counselor profiles and how ethics profession real school counselor. On study in this case, the method used is method SLRs which one _ writer succeed collect 30 articles with 4 articles including the focus on the results for studied related view student to the school counselor. After data and articles were collected next will analyzed in this way this research gets a conclusion. The results obtained in the research of 4 Articles that have been reviewed have positive results and some are negative. This can be taken from the selected literature, one of which is that there are still many students who consider school counselors to be "school police". This shows that less good profile from the school counselor in the view of the student. In fact, it still is often happening error in gift service counseling, which usually done by school counselor in school That Alone. However, from some literature, the school counselor's profile is considered good, close to students and can be trusted to tell personal things. As for study about application ethics or code Guidance Counseling ethics shows the understanding of the school counselor on the guidance and counseling teacher's code of ethics is relatively low.

The Anthropocene narrative and Amerindian lifeworlds: anthropos, agency, and personhood

AbstractBased on the observation that the Anthropocene narrative signifies a departure from the Cartesian nature/culture division dominant within modernist science, this article explores notions of personhood and agency among Amerindian peoples in the Amazon, the Andes, and Mesoamerica in comparison to the corresponding notions in modernist discourses. We discuss the differences in conceptualizations in relation to diverging understandings of climate change and the Anthropocene, focusing on perspectives on agentivity both within our respective ethnographical fields and in modernist social sciences. This leads us to stress the significance of new materialists’ disregard for intentionality in relation to agency and the consequences this neglect has for understanding animist perspectives. We examine the different views in relation to their effects on morality and to perceived forms of accountability. In accordance, the modernist ‘global we’, prominent in the Anthropocene debate stressing the role of humanity as a species, is contrasted with what we call a ‘universal we’, which includes both human and other‐than‐human persons, in conformance with Amerindian animist perspectives on the world. This approach to the issue does not only mean that we challenge the obvious iniquity in blaming all of humanity for climate change but also that we point to the coloniality of reality implicit in the Anthropocene narrative.

Unraveling the black box of supply chain flexibility in lean production environments

PurposeThis study aims to examine the full mediating role of supply chain flexibility (SCF) between lean production (LP) and business performance (BP) found in the previous literature. This effect negates the direct LP-BP effect (the so-called “total eclipse effect”). The authors analyze the individual contributions that the different SCF dimensions (sourcing flexibility; operating system flexibility, distribution flexibility and information system [IS] flexibility) make to the “total eclipse effect” between LP and BP produced by SCF. The relational resources-based view and resource orchestration theory are used to support the theoretical framework.Design/methodology/approachCovariance-based structural equations modeling (CB-SEM) is used to test the SCF LP-BP total eclipse hypothesis and four additional mediation hypotheses, one for each of the SCF dimensions. Data obtained via a questionnaire given to 260 companies are analyzed with CB-SEM, and SPSS Process is used to evaluate the mediation effect.FindingsResearch results indicate that only one of the dimensions (operating system flexibility) has a full mediation effect between LP and BP and is, therefore, the main contributor to the eclipse effect. Two other dimensions (sourcing flexibility and distribution flexibility) have partial mediation effects, so they also contribute to developing the eclipse effect, although to a lesser extent. Finally, IS flexibility is neither a full nor a partial mediation factor and does not contribute to the eclipse effect.Originality/valueThese findings have some important implications. For academia, they generate new knowledge of the role that each of the SCF dimensions or components plays in the LP-BP relationship. For company management, the findings offer supply chain managers specific information on the individual effects that the different types of SCF flexibility have between LP and BP. This will allow companies to target their efforts to develop certain types of flexibility in LP contexts depending on the outcomes that senior managers want to achieve with their SCs.

Leveraging relational capital with ambidexterity in building supply chain resilience

ABSTRACT Grounding in the nexus of the relational capital theory and dynamic ambidexterity view, this study examines the effect of supplier collaboration on supply chain capabilities including flexibility and risk management using a sample of 195 manufacturers in China. It also assesses the antecedent role of the supply chain capabilities in building supply chain resilience and its resulting competitive advantage. This study employs path analyses using data collected from manufacturers. The findings of this study indicate the significant role of relational capital gained from supplier collaboration in building supply chain capabilities of flexibility and risk management capabilities, which are shown to lead to supply chain resilience. Competitive advantage also results from enhanced supply chain resilience. This study provides an integrated view of relational capital and ambidexterity for vulnerability mitigation and capabilities improvement, which offers implications to supply chain practitioners that maintaining a dynamic ambidexterity is critical to bolster supply chain resilience in the time of unexpected disruptive incidents.