Video Graphic Survey Research Articles

Resilience of reefal foraminifera to anthropogenic influences from reef areas (Pirangi, Maracajaú, and Açu) in Rio Grande do Norte (RN, Brazil)

We have studied seven symbiont-bearing foraminiferal species to evaluate the condition of sedimentary reef areas (Pirangi, Maracajaú, and Açu) in Rio Grande do Norte (RN, Brazil). The species are: Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphistegina gibbosa, Archaias angulatus, Borelis schlumbergeri, Heterostegina antillarum, Peneroplis carinatus, and Laevipeneroplis proteus. This paper focuses on the quantitative distributions of the first two species in Maracajaú and Pirangi, considering micro-habitat variation, shelf zonation, and anthropogenic disturbances. Amphistegina gibbosa, which is more abundant than A. hemprichii, is prevalent in coral or coral-rubble substrates, whereas Amphisorus hemprichii is better represented in seagrass habitats. Our dataset from Pirangi and Maracajaú is based on 123 samples collected over three years through diver collection, grab samples, and underwater videographic surveys. Compared to other Brazilian reefs, species diversity at Pirangi is low, and the community is impoverished near tourism sites. These areas, especially Pirangi, may also be affected by pollution from domestic sewage and industrial waste. In Maracajaú, the community appears healthier, except in sites heavily impacted by tourism. Data from 84 foraminiferal samples from Açu show well-preserved symbiont-bearing foraminifera (SBF), indicating good water quality, with microhabitat variations likely due to natural factors. A quantitative examination of the foraminiferal species revealed the presence of a Caribbean-type reef community, including Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphistegina gibbosa, Archaias angulatus, Heterostegina antillarum, Homotrema rubra, Peneroplis carinatus, and Laevipeneroplis proteus. Additionally, among 65 species, living Buccella peruviana were found with a very restricted distribution in organic-rich sediments associated with upwelling wind events, highlighting areas of cold water upwelling on the outer shelf. The spatial distribution of this species indicates that cold waters are bringing nutrients through tidal currents perpendicular to the shelf edge, likely using canyons and valleys to transport nutrients and cold water masses into the partially filled incised valley of the ancient Açu River. Changes in diversity appear to be primarily induced by anthropogenic influences on the inner shelf rather than the outer shelf.

LEVEL OF SERVICE ANALYSIS OF PEDESTRIAN CROSSING FACILITIES AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS UNDER HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

While designing roadway facilities the pedestrian crosswalks must be given high importance, because these are the locations where pedestrians interact with vehicular traffic directly. This study aims to determine Pedestrian Perception values (PV) and assess the Level of Service (LOS) for crosswalk facilities provided for pedestrians at signalized intersections in heterogeneous traffic conditions. For this purpose, 24 crosswalks of six signalized intersections were chosen: 16 crosswalk locations were used for model development and eight crosswalk locations were used for model validation. The perception value of pedestrians was collected by conducting a questionnaire survey and traffic data was collected using a videographic survey. The parameters considered for the present study are: pedestrian volume, time is taken by the pedestrian to cross the crosswalk, length of crosswalk, pedestrian crossing speed, vehicular volume, and turning movements. The present research work proposed a mathematical model for Perception Value (PV) to assess the LOS of crosswalks of signalized intersections in urban areas. The results of the study are helpful in enhancing pedestrian safety and comfort at crosswalks.

LEVEL OF SERVICE ANALYSIS OF PEDESTRIAN CROSSING FACILITIES AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS UNDER HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

While designing roadway facilities the pedestrian crosswalks must be given high importance, because these are the locations where pedestrians interact with vehicular traffic directly. This study aims to determine Pedestrian Perception values (PV) and assess the Level of Service (LOS) for crosswalk facilities provided for pedestrians at signalized intersections in heterogeneous traffic conditions. For this purpose, 24 crosswalks of six signalized intersections were chosen: 16 crosswalk locations were used for model development and eight crosswalk locations were used for model validation. The perception value of pedestrians was collected by conducting a questionnaire survey and traffic data was collected using a videographic survey. The parameters considered for the present study are: pedestrian volume, time is taken by the pedestrian to cross the crosswalk, length of crosswalk, pedestrian crossing speed, vehicular volume, and turning movements. The present research work proposed a mathematical model for Perception Value (PV) to assess the LOS of crosswalks of signalized intersections in urban areas. The results of the study are helpful in enhancing pedestrian safety and comfort at crosswalks.

Impact of Roundabout Metering on the Operational Performance of Roundabout: A Case Study of Jawalakhel, Nepal

Roundabout is a type of intersection which improves efficiency and safety performance compared to other types of intersection. Jawalakhel roundabout serves to minimize the resulting conflict between the vehicles; however, due to increasing vehicular movements it is facing challenges like delay, poor level of service and traffic congestion. Classified traffic volume study through videographic survey is carried out and the volume is converted to passenger car unit at morning and evening peak period. SIDRA intersection V 8.0 was used for simulation and analysis of intersection’s performance. The performance is accessed in terms of delay, degree of saturation, level of service & 95% of queue vehicles were calculated for existing condition. As the operational performance was found unsatisfactory with level of service F; alternatives were considered. Among alternatives, roundabout metering on two approaches was adopted and their respective impact on the operational performance was analyzed. The overall roundabout improvement was not observed on two alternates of roundabout metering.

Road Safety Criteria for Mid-Block Pedestrian Crossing Facility and Application of ITS Technologies

This paper describes an attempt made to evaluate the pedestrian's road crossing facility at midblock to relate with pedestrian road crossing behaviour and identify the variables influencing pedestrian road crossing decisions. The decision of pedestrians on road crossing depends on many other elements like yielding behaviour of a driver, vehicle speed, roadway width, traffic volume etc. Pedestrians road crossing data collected through videographic survey at Kozhikode city, Kerala, India were used to evaluate the pedestrian crossing facility. Regression model has been developed considering the pedestrian waiting time as dependent variable and vehicle speed and volume as independent variable. Further, a computational tool is developed to derive suitable criteria for regulating the number of pedestrian phases based on the percentage of vehicles in the queue formation for varying levels of interruptions and vehicle arrival rate. The criteria has been derived such that the negative force exerted by vehicles and drivers during pedestrian road crossing to a minimum level, through the implementation of signal control using Intelligent Transport System (ITS) technologies. Further, the queuing analysis results helps to identify the criteria for proposing grade-separated crossing based on the threshold value of the percentage of vehicles in the queue formation. From the queuing analysis, it was found that, the percentage of vehicle in queue has been increased from 19.44% to 38.89% for the arrival rate of 1200v/h when the number of pedestrian interruptions per hour is increased from 20 to 40. Also, it is observed that when the arrival rate increases from 1200 to 1800 v/h the percentage of vehicle in queue increases 19.44% to 77.78% for 20 number of pedestrian interruptions. The prediction tool developed may help the transportation policymakers and highway officials to evaluate the field conditions and to identify suitable control measures for the pedestrian facility with improved pedestrian safety and vehicular traffic efficiency.

Parametric Study on the Influence of Pedestrians' Road Crossing Pattern on Safety

Objective: The present research concentrates on studying the road crossing time of pedestrians based on their pattern of the road crossing. The factors that influence the road occupancy time due to the irregular road crossing patterns of pedestrians have been studied. Methods: The research used a videographic survey of three midblock locations with different land-use types. The pedestrian variables from the video data are extracted to excel using a custom-made video player. The data set consists of 8718 pedestrian data, including all three sites, and the data is analysed using statistical methods. A binary logit analysis is performed to predict the variable influencing the crossing time High/Low. Results: According to the analysis, females making path changes and an increase in stage number show a higher road crossing time for pedestrians. Also, the absence of motor vehicles results in a higher road crossing time for pedestrians. The prediction accuracy of the model is 58.2%, and a variance of 6% shows a lesser degree of spread in the dataset. Conclusion: The inference from the study is that the crossing time of path-changing pedestrians is more than straight-moving pedestrians. Thus, an increase in road crossing time decreases the safety of pedestrians by increasing the exposure rate while crossing the road. So, the probability of safety risk is high when they practice irregular road crossing patterns.

Safety evaluation of horizontal curves on two lane rural highways using machine learning algorithms: A priority-based study for sight distance improvements

Objective Current Road geometric design processes disregard stochastic aspects, resulting in inadequate traffic safety considerations. In addition, the primary sources of crash data are obtained from police department, insurance agency and hospitals, where detailed investigation is not carried out from a transportation perspective. So, the data obtained from these sources may or may not be reliable. The main objective of this study is to account uncertainties using reliability as a tool that considers slow down the vehicle while they maneuver the curve and to develop thresholds of reliability index associated with sight distance based on operating speed design consistent measure as a surrogate safety measure rather than using crash data. Methodology This study proposes a thresholds of reliability index associated with sight distance for various operating speed ranges based on design consistent measure. In addition, established the relationship between the consistency levels, geometric characteristics and vehicle characteristics. In this study, classical topography survey was carried out on the field using total station. The data collected comprises speed data and geometric data of 18 horizontal curves (Lane based analysis was carried out). A total of 3042 free flowing vehicle speeds have been extracted from the video graphic survey and used in the analysis. Results The threshold values of reliability indices associated with sight distance is higher as the operating speed increases for the section to be a consistent design section. The results from the Binary Logit Model show that the consistency level is significantly affected by deflection angle and operating speed. Deflection angle was negatively correlated with the in-consistency level, and the operating speed was positively correlated with in-consistency level. Conclusions From Binary Logit Model (BLM) results, we can conclude that an increase in the value of deflection angle will significantly decrease the probability of In-Consistent level, which indicates uncertainties that cause drivers to change the path of vehicle or rate of deceleration of the vehicle while maneuvering the curve will be decreased. Whereas, increase in the operating speed will significantly increase the probability of In-Consistency level.

Impact of Various Transportation Modes on the Air Quality of Dhaka City: A Case Study at Motijheel

Transportation sector significantly contributes to air pollution. This study calculates the daily load of emission of some criteria pollutants (Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Oxides, Carbon Monoxide and Suspended Particulate Matter) and hydrocarbons from vehicular fleet at Toyenbee Circular Road, Motijheel, Dhaka. It also analyzes relative contribution of certain types of vehicles to emission of a specific type of pollutant. Primary volume data is collected from field video graphic survey and expansion factors and emission factors are taken from literature. Results show that different types of vehicles contribute to air pollution differently. For Carbon Monoxide and hydrocarbons pollution, motor cars are mainly responsible while bus is the main contributor of Nitrogen Oxides and Sulfur Oxides pollution. Motorcycle is the main contributor of Suspended Particulate Matter pollution in this case. These comparisons imply that it is necessary to determine the focus point of pollution reduction before taking any preventive measures. Journal of Engineering Science 13(2), 2022, 83-89

Formulation of Parking Demand Estimation Model in Transit Oriented CBDs: A Review

Parking shortages are a regular occurrence in the urban Central Business District (CBD). In most Indian cities, the demand for parking outnumbers the supply. Managing parking demand is a critical aspect of transportation planning, particularly in metropolitan areas. Due to a shortage of off-street parking options in the CBD, tourists are compelled to park on the street, causing unnecessary congestion. The goals of this paper are to review existing research, identify key parameters, and provide models for forecasting on-street parking demand. To predict on-street parking demand in metropolitan CBDs with public transit (PT) service, a cost parameter (CF) model is developed. Some surveys, such as in-out surveys, license plate surveys, questionnaire surveys, video graphic survey methods, and so on, are likely to be utilized to collect data for the suggested model.

Development of Mode-Wise Speed Prediction Models for Urban Roads with Side Friction Characteristics

The present study has developed regression models to study the impact of side friction factors on speeds of vehicles in urban roads. The factors that were considered are on-street parking, pedestrian movement, water stagnation, encroachment, poor road condition and wrong side driving. Three locations from Vellore and Chikmagalur cities in India were selected and vehicle speeds, side friction parameters and flow were collected through videographic survey for 6 hours duration. It was found that the speeds of vehicles were in the range of only 11-23 km/h due to side friction. The study has proposed a "simple arithmetic operand" method to overcome the multicollinearity problem and it predicts well, the speeds with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) between 8-29 %. The arithmetic operand method proposed in the present study can be applied in other fields as well to overcome the multicollinearity problem.

Pedestrian Road Crossing Behavior and Optimal Selection of Pedestrian Facilities at Mid-Block Crossings

Pedestrians are considered the most vulnerable of all road users, particularly in developing counties. Therefore, the safety of pedestrians plays a significant role during road crossing. The pedestrian gap acceptance and level of service (LOS) can be used to evaluate pedestrian crossing behavior. The existing statistical models are failed to predict the accurate level of pedestrian safety due to various assumptions. Thus, the objectives of this study are to develop pedestrian crossing behavior models, level of service model, and systematic methodology to select optimal pedestrian crossing facilities at midblock under mixed traffic conditions. The required data were collected from selected six midblock locations in Tiruchirappalli, India, by conducting videographic and questionnaire surveys simultaneously. Various influencing parameters on pedestrian crossing behavior were identified by conducting statistical correlation analysis. First, the pedestrian field critical gap was estimated and compared with various methods such as Raff, Greenshield, Ashworth, and Highway Capacity Manual 2010. The pedestrian gap acceptance model was developed by adopting stepwise multiple linear regression and non-linear artificial neural network methods. The developed models were validated and compared using the field data. The pedestrian LOS model was developed by utilizing the conventional regression method by using qualitative and quantitative data. Pedestrian LOS model was validated using another set of field data. Finally, the approximate solution to find the best crossing facility was found by performing weighting by a ranking method and analytical hierarchy process in all six locations. This study helps in identifying the most significant factors influencing road crossing behavior of pedestrians for the selected locations. The study results help design pedestrian facility and thereby improve pedestrian safety at uncontrolled intersections.

Determination of PCU values for mixed traffic conditions along the hilly road of East Sikkim

The road space in India is shared by different travel modes with different physical dimensions. On top of this, lane disciple is also not followed in India. All these factors influence the evaluation of traffic characteristics, roadway capacity, defining model for traffic flow and other transportation design factors. Passenger car unit (PCU) is a frequently used unit for calculating and expression of heterogeneous traffic volume to a simpler equivalent traffic unit where a passenger car is taken as a standard vehicle and all other classes of vehicle are expressed in terms of the standard car. For the present study, 11 km stretch of NH-10 in East Sikkim was taken into consideration. Data collection was done by video graphic survey. PCUs of different classes of vehicle are estimated using the speed area method by using traffic volume data. The PCU is calculated by multiplying the speed and area ratios of standard cars by the PCU of the subject vehicle type. The methodology adopted in this study is very much suitable for making proper PCU model under different conditions of heterogeneous traffic and road conditions of the study area..

Analysis of Traffic Congestion Impacts of Urban Road Network under Indian Condition

Traffic congestion has been an area of major bother across the globe. The existing infrastructure is not able to cope with the new traffic demand. Furthermore the restriction of the space and outside activities influencing the traffic congestion. The emerging country like India, where the traffic conditions comprise heterogeneous traffic with no lane discipline, further creates more complicated scenarios for the researcher. A substantial portion of working hours is getting wasted on the roads because of traffic congestion, which imposes the negative effect on the overall economy. There has been numerous of literature and studies for analysis of the traffic congestion and its impacts. However, the result has not been much satisfying. In the present study congestion forecast is aimed under mixed traffic with no lane discipline towards identifying the inherent viability of the diversified traffic situation and presents better recommendations in controlling and evading these prolonged traffic jams. The urban highway systems were considered as a study area. Required particulars were collected by a License Plate Matching method using video graphic survey for the day rush timing considered from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM and off peak hours to estimate the travel time of a distinct class of motorized vehicles for selected sections of the urban roadway. Congestion indices for both the up and down traffic of a particular road were evaluated from the data collected from the video recording. Traffic congestion impacts were analyzed and possible mitigation measures have been suggested. The study mainly focused on traffic jam indices with regarded to travel time reliability measures to observe the functional effectiveness of the urban road network.

Measurement of Mode-Wise Individual Delay Components and Prediction of Queue Length at a Signalized Intersection Under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions

Accurate measurement of control delay and queue length is important for effective traffic management at signalized intersections and to assess its performance. The analytical methods which are commonly used to estimate delays are primarily developed for homogeneous lane-based traffic conditions and require lot of inputs for delay estimation. If cycle lengths are not the same for a signalized intersection operated by traffic police, then use of analytical methods is restricted. The present study tries to overcome these limitations by proposing an approach in which the individual delay components were directly measured using travel times from video as input and electric poles on median as reference points. Traffic captured through videographic survey at a busy intersection in Vellore, India, was used to illustrate the proposed approach. Instead of conventional stopped delay concept, a new delay called ‘Stop & Go’ delay which is more appropriate for heavily congested intersections has been proposed and used. This ‘Stop & Go’ delay concept captures the time lost due to movement of queue in addition to frequent stoppings which is rather not possible with stopped delay definition. It was found that the control delays experienced by different vehicle types are not the same and four-wheeler exhibits longer delays than two- and three-wheelers. One of the main advantages of the proposed approach is it does not require many parameters to calculate control delay and only travel times of sample vehicles are sufficient. Another advantage with the proposed approach is it can be applied to all types of signalized intersections irrespective of whether it has a fixed time signal or manually operated one. With the proposed approach, one can get vehicle class-wise individual delay components which may not be possible with the existing methods available in the literature. In addition to delay measurement, the present study also developed polynomial regression models to predict queue length at intersections using control delay as independent variable. The results are promising and can be used to predict the queue length at signalized intersections in India.

Evaluation of pedestrian safety in unsignalized T and X – Intersections through comparison of the frequency and severity of pedestrian conflicts

Accidents have an increasing trend during the last decades leading to the importance of safety analysis of traffic facilities. There is a lack of quantity and quality of crash information in nations like India. Conflicts based analysis is better than crash based analysis in these cases. This paper aims to compare the safety of T and X-intersections using the Pedestrian Vehicle Conflicts Analysis (PVCA) method using data extracted from the videographic survey. This paper also aims at the use of Vissim and Surrogate Safety Assessment Models to suggest remedial measures. The PVCA method showed that controlled intersections are safer than uncontrolled intersections. The restriction of many pedestrian crossings to two crossings led to a reduction in conflicts as per the simulation results. It reduced the pedestrian conflicts at the T-intersection by 24.11 percent and X-intersection by 31.46 percent. A practical option to reduce conflicts is the prohibition of jaywalking within the influence area of an intersection during peak hours.

Effect of Construction Work Zone on Traffic Stream Parameters Using Vehicular Trajectory Data under Mixed Traffic Conditions

The research work presented is originated with the intent of studying driving behavior, especially in a lateral direction under the influence of construction work activities under prevailing heterogeneous traffic conditions. Initially, a midblock road section is selected, and then macroscopic traffic characteristics were evaluated. Later, Mumbai metro-rail construction work was started on the same road section. As a result, it was planned to study the variation in traffic-flow characteristics for road sections with-and-without construction work zone at microscopic as well as macroscopic levels. For this purpose, video graphic surveys were conducted, and macroscopic characteristics were evaluated for both study sections (with-and-without construction work zone). The results showed that at given flow levels, the stream speeds were dropped from 70 to 50 kph, followed by a drop in efficiency in terms of per-lane capacity. To sense this impact more deeply, vehicular trajectory data were developed over road sections at three different traffic-flow levels. The driving behavior is investigated using different variables, such as longitudinal following behavior, following times, lateral amplitude, and lateral placement, followed by lateral direction correlation analysis. From the investigation, the results show that the following-hysteresis plots for vehicles are found to be slender in a construction work-zone, revealing the conservative approach in driving behavior. Furthermore, following-time analysis also supports the same interpretation. Given the smaller size of vehicles, the vehicle tends to possess extra lateral freedom and hence is responsible for the seeping phenomenon through a porous media in the traffic stream. As an impact of reduced road width, capacity (per-lane) values are found to be higher in the base section than the section having a construction work zone. Further, based on the conceptualized framework, safety in the traffic stream over the study sections was evaluated. Finally, the importance of cautioning drivers the construction work activity in advance was well revealed from the safety analysis of this work.

PEDESTRIAN SAFETY EVALUATION OF SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS USING SURROGATE SAFETY MEASURES

The large proportions of pedestrian fatalities led researchers to make the improvements of pedestrian safety at intersections. Thus, this paper proposes a methodology to evaluate crosswalk safety at signalized intersections using Surrogate Safety Measures (SSM) under mixed traffic conditions. The required pedestrian, traffic, and geometric data were extracted based on the videographic survey conducted at signalized intersections in Mumbai (India). Post Encroachment Time (PET) for each pedestrian were segregated into three categories for estimating pedestrian–vehicle interactions and Cumulative Frequency Distribution (CDF) was plotted to calculate the threshold values for each interaction severity level. The Cumulative Logistic Regression (CLR) model was developed to predict the pedestrian mean PET values in the cross-walk at signalized intersections. The proposed model was validated with a new signalized intersection and the results were shown that the proposed PET ranges and model appropriate for Indian mixed traffic conditions. To assess the suitability of model framework, model transferability was carried out with data collected at signalized intersection in Kolkata (India). Finally, this study can be helpful to rank the severity level of pedestrian safety in the crosswalk and improve the existing facilities at signalized intersections.

Choice crossing behaviour model for Safety Margin of pedestrian at mid-blocks in India

Today’s fast growing life where the time is most important, pedestrian want to cross the road with comfort, convenience, safety without taking any risk for the minimal delay while crossing the road at mid-block crosswalk locations. The traditional way of measuring safety is in terms of the number of accidents, which occurred in that area based on accidental data. For, developing countries like India, the accuracy of accident details is highly questionable. Hence there is a need of a more effective safety evaluation technique which is proactive; to develop predictive models. A video graphic survey has been carried out in western and northern part of Indian cities to investigate pedestrian safety at mid-block crosswalks in an urban setting. A Binary Logistic Model (the probability of pedestrian-vehicle non-conflict) was developed to predict the probability of avoiding conflict with an approaching vehicle and other parameters on pedestrians’ decisions whether to cross the street at unprotected mid-block crosswalks. The result shows pedestrian behavioural characteristics significantly affect the PSM value as well as the probability of PVNC behaviour. Model shows that the decision to cross the street with or without safety depends on the type of approaching vehicle, vehicle speed, pedestrian speed, vehicular gap available, number of lanes, pedestrian rolling behaviour, land use, pedestrian age, platoon size, accepted gap/lag, type of gap. Further, the increase in the vehicle speed resulted in the increase PVNC. Pedestrian’s individual characteristics were found to be insignificant whereas gender was found to have an impact on SM. Rolling behaviour, presence of marking, number of lanes discourages pedestrians towards the decision to cross, regardless of the traffic gap. The outcome of elasticity analysis indicated that the traffic gap size, pedestrian speed, vehicle speed, concentration on gap are the parameters, which influences the pedestrian crossing decisions.

Assessing the relationship between perceived waiting time and level of service at signalized intersection under heterogeneous traffic conditions

This study focused on establishing Level of Service (LOS) thresholds based on users’ perceived waiting time at signalized intersections under heterogeneous traffic conditions. An extensive user-perception questionnaire survey and videographic survey carried out at 15 signalized intersections form the database for this study. The analysis shows that the perceived waiting time at signalized intersection is 1.8 times the actual waiting time. Based on the developed relation, LOS thresholds are proposed. It is worth noting that the LOS thresholds obtained are almost twice that of the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM, 2010). From this, it can be concluded that Indian road users have a higher tolerance to waiting time than those mentioned in HCM 2010, which may be due to the prevailing operating conditions at intersections. The LOS thresholds obtained through this study have been recommended for the Indian Highway Capacity Manual (Indo-HCM).

A comparative study of safe and unsafe signalized intersections from the view point of pedestrian behavior and perception

Signalized intersections with marked crosswalks enhance pedestrian safety by providing the designated right of way to pedestrians. However, a significant number of pedestrian fatalities occur at signalized intersections, which may primarily be due to pedestrians’ violation behaviors. Since pedestrians’ fatalities are not uniform across signalized intersections in a city, it may be expected that violations would also vary across the sites. It is thus worthwhile to investigate if the pedestrian signal violation is a good surrogate for fatal pedestrian crashes at signalized intersections, and if so, what behavioral, spatial, and built environment related factors influence such violations. To this end, present study analyzes pedestrian behavior and perceptions across twenty-four signalized intersections in Kolkata city, India, out of which twelve intersections did not record any fatal pedestrian crashes between 2011 and 2016 and the remaining twelve experienced at least three or more fatal pedestrian crashes over the same period.Using data from the video-graphic survey at these twenty-four signalized intersections violation behaviors are extracted along with personal attributes at the pedestrian level. Further, pedestrian perception surveys are carried out at each of the twenty-four sites, to obtain a user’s perception of safety and satisfaction. Results indicate that pedestrians’ signal violations behavior and dissatisfaction are statistically significantly higher at locations with recorded fatal pedestrian crashes. Results from different models and analysis clearly pointed out several planning and design deficiencies such as longer waiting time before crossing, higher pedestrian-vehicular interaction, pedestrian’s state of crossing, and a number of personal level attributes such as pedestrian’s intended mode of transportation and their state of journey, pedestrian’s home location, pedestrian’s socio-demographic characteristics as important predictors of pedestrians’ violation behavior. The methodology and findings are useful not only for proactive safety improvement at signalized intersections but also to proactively identify potential unsafe sites.