Road Traffic Accident Victims Research Articles

Fulminant pulmonary fat embolism - undetected silent killer.

Fulminant pulmonary fat embolism - undetected silent killer.

Causes and Measures for Reducing Road Traffic Accidents Along the Kaduna- Abuja Expressway, Kaduna State, North-West, Nigeria.

Background: Globalization has led to increasing motorization with a resultant increase in the frequency and severity of morbidity and mortality among road traffic accident (RTA) victims. This makes it important that the attention of all drivers especially commercial drivers be drawn to the causes of RTA and measures that can be taken to reduce road traffic accidents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research was carried out among 366 commercial vehicle drivers plying the Kaduna-Abuja expressway with the aim of finding their views on the causes and measures capable of reducing road traffic accidents along the Kaduna-Abuja expressway. Results: Overspeeding had the highest frequency 102 (27.9%) of all the causes of RTA among the respondents, followed by bad roads 79 (21.6%), drivers’ impatience 62 (16.9%), dangerous overtaking 36 (9.9%), burst tire 25 (6.8%), driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol (DUI) 20 (5.5%), armed robbers/kidnappers attack 14 (3.8%), failed brake 10 (2.7%), sleeping while driving 9(2.5%) and others 9 (2.5%). Concerning measures to reduce RTA, road expansion had the highest frequency 137 (37.4%), this was followed by training of drivers on road signs and road safety measures 70 (19.1%), obeying traffic rules 69 (18.9%), regular road maintenance 65 (17.8%), effective markings of road safety signs 11 (3%), a campaign against driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol 7 (1.9%), enough rest periods for drivers 4(1.1%), and regular vehicle maintenance 3(0.8%). Conclusion: the study has noted overspeeding, bad road networks, burst tires, dangerous overtaking, driver’s impatience, driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol, sleeping while driving, armed robbers/kidnappers attacks, and failed brake as the main causes of road traffic accident along the Kaduna-Abuja expressway and measures to reduce RTA include campaign against driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol, effective markings of road safety signs, enough rest periods for drivers, expansion of the road network, regular road maintenance, regular vehicle maintenance, training of drivers on road signs and safety measures, and obeying traffic rules. It was therefore recommended that strict enforcement of traffic laws regular road and regular vehicle maintenance are key to reducing or eliminating RTA along the Kaduna-Abuja expressway.

Characteristics of Injuries in Road Traffic Accident Victims: An Autopsy Study at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand

Objective: This ambidirectional cohort study aimed to investigate injury characteristics in road traffic accident (RTA) victims based on autopsy cases at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Material and Methods: Autopsy cases from September 2022 to August 2024 were reviewed, with data collected from autopsy reports and crime scene photographs. Injury characteristics, types of RTAs, time of accidents, and victim demographics were analyzed in 57 RTA cases. Results: The results revealed noteworthy differences in injury patterns between types of RTAs. Fractures at the skull base (Car 38%, Motorcycle 75%, Pedestrian 28%; p < 0.01), heart lacerations (Car 46%, Motorcycle 10%, Pedestrian 28%; p < 0.05), and fractures of the right radius (Car 7.7%, Motorcycle 2.7%, Pedestrian 28%; p < 0.05), right ulna (Car 7.7%, Motorcycle 2.7%, Pedestrian 28%; p < 0.05), left tibia (Car 23%, Motorcycle 8%, Pedestrian 71%; p = 0.001), and left fibula (Car 23%, Motorcycle 8%, Pedestrian 71%; p < 0.05) were associated with specific accident types. Conclusion: This study highlights the observed differences in injury characteristics across various types of RTAs at Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Key injuries, including fractures atthe base of the skull, heart lacerations, and fractures of the right radius, right ulna, left tibia, and left fibula, were significantly associated with particular types of accidents. These results can serve as a guide for determining the causes of death, especially in RTA cases, particularly in areas lacking forensic pathologists.

Incidence and Pattern of Road Traffic Accidents in Emergency Department of Selected Hospitals

ABSTRACTBackground:Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major public health concern globally, resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Despite extensive preventive measures, the incidence and impact of RTAs continue to escalate, especially in emergency departments where the acute outcomes are most visible.Objectives:This study aimed to determine the incidence and pattern of RTAs in the emergency departments of selected hospitals and to identify associations with demographic variables.Methods:A non-experimental observational survey research design was employed, using non-probability purposive sampling to collect data from the emergency departments of four hospitals.Results:The study involved 525 participants, with the majority of RTA victims being males (53.5%) and within the 18-35 year age group (46.7%). Significant associations were found between RTA incidence and all studied demographic factors (p < 0.05), including age, gender, education, occupation, living area, and lifestyle habits such as alcohol consumption and smoking. The study identified that 20.7% of emergency department patients were admitted due to RTAs during the study period.Conclusion:RTAs remain a significant challenge in emergency care, with certain demographic groups, particularly young adult males and individuals with risky lifestyle habits, being more vulnerable. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address these high-risk groups and highlight the importance of continuous surveillance of RTA patterns to inform preventive strategies.

Tissue-specific T cell profiles in Mycobacterium tuberculosis uninfected IGRA negative and positive individuals

IntroductionInterferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), such as the T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON-TB Gold, are commonly used to detect immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and identify latent TB infection. However, their role in reflecting immune dynamics within tissues, especially in the absence of active disease, remains unclear.MethodsPost-mortem tissues, including lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and bronchoalveolar lavage, were collected from apparently healthy, HIV-negative road traffic accident victims. M.tb infection was ruled out using liquid MGIT culture, while M.tb exposure history was assessed with the TSPOT.TB assay. T and B cell phenotyping was performed using a 29-color flow cytometry panel, with data analyzed in FlowJo and GraphPad Prism.ResultsOf the 52 individuals recruited, 48% were IGRA-positive (TSPOT+). Using a 29-color flow cytometry panel, we analyzed T and B cell populations across various tissues. We observed similar overall frequencies of CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD19 cells, as well as memory T and B cell subsets defined by CCR7/CD45RA and IgD/CD27 between TSPOT+ and TSPOT individuals. Notably, in the lungs, TSPOT+ individuals exhibited a higher frequency of CD4+ tissue-resident memory (TRM) T cells, along with increased expression of KLRG1, a marker of terminal differentiation, on mature CD4+CD27 T cells. This phenotype was specific to CD4 T cells in the lungs, highlighting the known role of CD4 T cells in TB immunity and their localization to the primary site of infection.DiscussionOur findings suggest that IGRA positivity, while indicating immune memory, may also be associated with highly differentiated CD4 T cells in tissue-specific compartments, particularly in the lungs. These localized immune changes raise important questions about the long-term effects of chronic immune engagement following repeated M.tb exposure in endemic settings. Further research is needed to assess the clinical implications of these findings, including their impact on susceptibility to future infections or disease progression.

Survival status and predictors of mortality among road traffic accident adult patients admitted to intensive care units of referral hospitals in Tigray 2024.

Globally, road traffic accidents (RTAs) cause over 1.35 million deaths each year, with an additional 50 million people suffering disabilities. Ethiopia has the highest number of road traffic accidents, with over 14,000 people killed and over 45,000 injured annually. This study aimed to assess survival status and predictors of mortality among road traffic accident adult patients admitted to intensive care units of Referral Hospitals in Tigray, 2024. An institution-based retrospective follow-up study design was conducted from January 8, 2019, to December 11, 2023, on 333 patient charts. A bivariable Cox-regression analysis was performed to estimate crude hazard ratios (CHR). Subsequently, a multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to estimate the Adjusted Hazard Ratios (AHR). Finally, AHR with p-value less than 0.05 was used to measure the association between dependent and independent variables. The incidence of mortality for road traffic accident victims, was 21 per 1000 person-days observation with (95% CI: 16, 27.6) and the median survival time was 14 days. The predictors of mortality in this study were the value of oxygen saturation on admission ≤ 89% (AHR = 4.9; 95%CI: 1.4-17.2), Intracranial hemorrhage (AHR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.02-11), chest injury (AHR = 3.2; 95%CI: 1.38-7.59), victims with age catgories of 31-45 years (AHR = 0.3; 95% CI: 0.1-0.88) and 46-60 years (AHR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.06-0.89). A concerningly high mortality rate from car accidents were found in Referral Hospitals of Tigray. To improve the survival rates, healthcare providers should focus on victims with very low oxygen levels, head injuries, chest injuries, and older victims.

Prevalence of motorcycle accidents and associated factors among road traffic accident victims in Accra, Ghana

This study determined the prevalence of motorcycle accidents and associated risk factors in Accra, Ghana. Cross-sectional. Legon, Pentecost, Madina, and Kekele hospitals, Motor Transport and Traffic Unit offices in Accra, and Kaneshie District Court. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Road traffic accident victims (387), aged 15 years and above, were randomly selected from health facilities' registers and interviewed. Number of road traffic accidents involving motorcycles. The prevalence of motorcycle accidents among road traffic accidents was 37% [95% CI: 32.0-42.0]. Motorcycle accidents predominantly occurred among people aged 15-25 and 26-35 years. The prevalence among men was 38% while women reported 24% [95% CI: 85.0-91.0]. Motorcycle accident occurrence was higher (63% vs 10%) among those earning < GH₵349 ($22.37) a month compared to those earning above GH₵3000 ($192.31). After adjusting for all the factors that showed association at the univariate level and potential confounders like sex, followed by post-estimation analysis and a Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test, factors that were significantly associated with motorcycle accidents included ownership [AOR:2.32, p=0.018 95%CI: 1.16-4.65], education level [AOR=1.48, p=0.020 95%CI: 1.06-2.05], motor license [AOR=132.74, p<0.001 95%CI: 17.56-1003.62], and income level [AOR=0.65, p=0.002 95%CI: 0.50-0.85]. Motorcycle accidents remain prevalent and significantly related to income level, ownership level, education level, and having a motor license. To reduce motorcycle accidents, governments must implement policies that address these factors and support safer road practices. None declared.

Magnitude of mortality and associated factors among road traffic accident victim children admitted in East and West Gojjam Zone specialized public hospitals Northwest, Ethiopia

BackgroundA road traffic accident is a collision between vehicles, between pedestrians and vehicles, between vehicles and animals, or between fixed obstacles and vehicles that leads to fatal human injury and premature death. Children are highly vulnerable to road traffic accident death. Yet, evidence is scarce concerning it in this study area. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of mortality and associated factors among road traffic accident victim children.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 391 victimized children using simple random sampling techniques from March 1st, 2021, to April 30th, 2021. The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion formula, and the data were collected retrospectively using a structured checklist. The data were checked for completeness and consistency, coded, entered into EPI Data version 3.1, and then transferred to STATA version 14 statistical software for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the association between dependent and independent variables. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI was used to measure the strength of the association, and a P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultThe overall mortality was 10.7% (95% CI: 8- 14). Patients’ age within 1- 4 years (AOR (95%CI: 7(2.0–24.6)), urgent need of blood transfusion (AOR (95%CI: 3.2(1.03–9.8)), Glasgow coma scale < 8 (AOR (95%CI: 6.7(2.1–20.8)), surgery done (AOR (95%CI: 4.7(1.6–14.1)), and length of stay < 5 days (AOR (95%CI: 4.7(1.6–13.3)) were significantly associated with mortality of road traffic accident victim children.ConclusionThe overall mortality was high compared with other countries’ findings. Being young, in urgent need of blood transfusion, Glasgow coma scale < 8, undergoing surgery, and short length of stay were significantly associated with mortality of road traffic accident victim children. This study recommended prioritizing young children and timely blood transfusions for emergency cases.

3D Printed Provisional Removable Partial Denture Designed Using Virtual Patient for a Road Traffic Accident Victim.

Provisional removable partial denture (RPD) preserves esthetic and functional parameters until definitive treatment. This clinical report presents a 19-year-old victim of a road traffic accident who lost the maxillary right central and lateral incisors. A 3D printed maxillary provisional RPD planned using a virtual patient was provided until the patient could undergo implant-supported rehabilitation. Intraoral and facial scans were conducted, and the images were integrated into a dental software program for digital prosthetic planning. The provisional RPD was designed considering the facial parameters, then 3D printed, characterized, and delivered to the patient. The 3D printed provisional RPD demonstrated satisfactory esthetic and functional outcomes, offering a faster and more predictable alternative compared to the conventional method. Using virtual patients to design 3D printed provisional removable partial dentures can enhance the predictability of treatment, especially in the esthetic area.

"Golden Hour" in Road Traffic Accident Victims: Hurdles and Impact on Mortality.

Introduction Road traffic accident (RTA)-related death and disability are alarming health issues globally, which are rapidly increasing in developing countries. Timely presentation to a health center and prompt medical care are needed to prevent mortality and morbidity related to RTAs. This study was conducted to find out the hurdles in the golden hour arrival of RTA victims and to study its impact on RTA mortality at a tertiary health institute. Materials and methods This retrospective, cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Emergency Medicine ofBharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital inSangli, India, over a period of six months from January 1 to June 31, 2022, after obtaining institutional ethical committee approval. This tertiary care centeris situated at the border of two states in Western India. All adult RTA victims who were treated during the study period were included. Data were collected using structured, pretested, and validated pro forma. Data was statistically analyzed. The factors associated with mortality were analyzed using a chi-squared test. Results We studied a total of 315 RTA victims. Around 49.2% (n=155)of patients were from the 29-48-year age group, and male (87%; n=276) predominance was observed. We observed 46% (n=144) of accidents on weekend days and found alcohol consumption in 45% (n=142). Around 61% (n=193) of accidents occurred within 50 km of our hospital.Only 20.6% (n=65) of patients arrived at a healthcare facility within the golden hour. We did not observe a significant association (p=0.166391) between golden hour arrival and mortality in our study but observed statistically significant associations for mortality with on-arrival Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) values of less than 8, patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and the presence of traumatic brain injury. Transport vehicles accounted for 33% (n=104) of the obstacles in reaching the emergency department (ED), followed by finances (30%; n=96), lack of knowledge about the nearby health facility (14.6%; n=46), absence of an accompanying person (11%; n=35), and fear of legal formalities and hospital detention (5%; n=17). Twenty percent (n=63) of patients reported experiencing one or more of these obstacles. Conclusion Less than one-fourth of RTA patients arrived at a medical facility during the golden hour. In developing countries like India, the causes of delay are numerous. The severity of injuries determines RTA fatality.

Changing Trends in Maxillofacial Trauma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study in India

Abstract Background Maxillofacial trauma is quite commonly encountered either in isolation or in association with polytrauma. The present observational study aims to analyze the changing trends of maxillofacial injuries and mull over some probable reasons for the same. Materials and Methods This is an observational retrospective study done at a tertiary care center in Mumbai, India, for a period of 12 years (2008–2019) after getting clearance from the institutional ethics committee. All patients who were admitted in the plastic surgery unit with maxillofacial trauma were included in the study and data were collected from case record sheets in the archives of the department. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed. Results A total 1,046 patients were included in the study. The most common age group involved was 21 to 30 years (50.19%). Males outnumbered females in terms of hospital admissions (92.7 vs. 7.3%). Road traffic accidents (RTA) were found to be the major etiological factor (72.27%). Out of 756 RTA victims, 533 (70.5%) were due to two-wheeler accidents. In the present study, the zygomaticomaxillary complex (middle third) was most commonly fractured (40.73%) followed by the mandible (38.91%). Panfacial fractures (i.e., those involving at least two facial thirds) comprised 10.71% of all the cases. Conclusion The incidence of maxillofacial trauma is showing an increasing trend in the recent past. The majority of the patients are victims of RTAs and two-wheeler accidents are increasingly responsible for such injuries. The classical injury patterns and the fracture patterns that were described in the past are not routinely observed now. The injury and fracture pattern itself has become more complex. We observed a statistically significant raise in midface fractures in our study.

Need of Good Samaritan Law for Increasing Willingness of Bystanders to Assist Victims of RTA

Road traffic accidents are a silent pandemic especially in a country like India where urbanization has been happening on a large scale recently and most of the population travel to cities for employment, education etc. which cannot be averted. The worst hit are major cities like Mumbai, Chennai and other metropolitan cities where accidents claim several lives and also cause disability in other cases, either short term or permanent. The price which is paid by the affected person cannot be estimated just on a monetary basis as it affects the overall quality of life of not just the person but also of the family members. Even people who are willing to assist accident victims are reluctant due to several factors; few of them being legal hassles and the fear of detention at the hospitals. Hence this paper will focus on the present need of good Samaritan laws and their appropriate enforcement for increasing the willingness of bystanders to assist RTA victims, as this is the solution until such accidents can be averted as a whole. Key Words: Road traffic accident (RTA), Samaritan law, golden hour, trauma, emergency

A Study of Influence of Presence of a Passenger on Driving Speed

The large number of victims of road traffic accidents around the world creates a serious problem for the economy, demography, and health care. The value of global social risk calculated according via relevant method, is within 18, in Russia it is of 9,7. Statistical data shows that government activities in the Russian Federation to improve road traffic safety are effective. Over the past ten years, the core values of road traffic accident rate have been decreasing, despite the increasing level of motorisation. Federal regulations stipulate a further decrease of target social risk index by 2030 to the value of 4.Excessive speed and inconformity of the speed with specific traffic conditions are the most common cause of road traffic accidents (19 % of the total). The ideas of many urbanists (that often are not backed up by specialised research in the field of road traffic safety) to forcibly make abandon cars and reduce speed in cities cannot be implemented to full extent, although they have local positive results.The likelihood of occurrence of a road traffic accident is significantly influenced by the individual characteristics of drivers, such as age, gender, and general risk propensity. One of the factors causing road traffic accidents, especially by young drivers, is the presence of peers. They can be the cause of dangerous driving, inattention, and the driver’s desire to «show off.» Older drivers, on the contrary, become more attentive and careful in the presence of passengers. However, in the scientific literature contains also opposite results (passengers can have a positive effect on young drivers, but a negative effect on older ones).In this regard and in the context of developing recommendations on reduction of road traffic accident rate, it is relevant to study feasibility to set some restrictions for younger drivers. The objective of the work is to evaluate the influence of a passenger of the same age on driving speed for a young driver and to compare it with the influence of a passenger on an older driver. The research method was an experiment in which young drivers aged 18 to 25 years and more experienced drivers over 35 years old drove along a set route with and without a passenger, while the speed of a car was recorded. An increase in speed was revealed when most young drivers were driving with a peer passenger. Considering that most young people overestimate their ability to drive a car, violation of the speed limit under the influence of a passenger can affect the occurrence of a road traffic accident. Based on the results of the work, it is proposed to introduce a system of phased access to driving, introduce a ban on transportation of passengers until the drivers reach a certain age or gain relevant experience, and improve drivers’ training programs.

Improvement of the medical care quality for the patients with multiple and associated trauma

Introduction. Improvement of the treatment quality in polytrauma patients remains an actual problem of modern medicine. Aim. To assess the effectiveness of providing medical care to victims of road traffic accidents (RTA). Material and methods. Treatment analysis of 210 patients with multiple and associated trauma who were admitted to the Institute of Emergency Medicine in 2009-2019 was conducted. Results. The introduction of minimally invasive surgical procedures has made it possible to achieve success in the treatment of victims after antraffic accident. Conclusions. Performing of the standards for emergency care in severe patients aftertraffic road accidents helps to improve the quality of treatment.

Factors associated with nonuse of helmet among motorcyclists sustaining road traffic accidents.

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) remain a prominent cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Wearing a helmet while riding a motorbike can significantly minimize injury severity and fatality. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the use and nonuse of helmets among motorized two-wheelers. This observational study was conducted on victims of RTAs who presented to the emergency department of a hospital in Eastern India. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire from March 2021 to December 2021. The data on sociodemographic details of the victims and various extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with the nonuse of helmets were collected and analyzed. A total of 346 patients were included. The prevalence of helmet use was 35.7%, and most young adults were helmet nonusers (32.31 ± 12.3 vs. 37.1 ± 12.3, P = 0.15). The pillion riders, alcohol abuse, lower educational levels, and riding on municipal/panchayat roads were associated with statistically significant (P < 0.05) nonuse of helmets. The injury severity score was significantly higher in helmet nonusers (13.20 ± 6.44 vs. 11.23 ± 6.01, P = 0.004). Among the extrinsic factors, fewer traffic checkpoints (P < 0.001), visibility issues (P = 0.02), and use of ear pods (P = 0.01) were significant factors for the nonuse of helmets. In the intrinsic factors, traveling short distances (P < 0.001) and forgetfulness (P < 0.01) were significant factors for the nonuse of helmets. Traveling short distances, forgetfulness, and fewer traffic check posts are significantly associated with the nonuse of helmets among motorcyclists. Traveling on village or municipality roads and alcohol abuse is significantly associated with helmet nonuse.

Динамика статистических показателей переломов грудных и поясничных позвонков у пациентов, пострадавших в дорожно-транспортных происшествиях, в масштабе городской агломерации в 1 миллион человек

INTRODUCTION: Spinal fractures resulting from road traffic accidents (RTA) are a common cause of disability and mortality among young patients of the working age, making a serious modern healthcare problem. Public healthcare measures should be aimed at preventing spinal injuries resulting from RTA. AIM: To assess the statistical characteristics of thoracic and lumbar spine injuries in victims of RTA who underwent treatment at the regional center of traumatology with an emergency and urgent care coverage area of 1 million residents (998,924 people according to the Federal Service for State Statistics for the Tyumen Region of January 01, 2024). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of hospital records of patients who underwent treatment at the center of traumatology and orthopedics from January 2018 to December 2022, was conducted. Demographic parameters, morphology of spinal injuries, neurological status in case of a complicated fracture, and mortality were studied. RESULTS: We analyzed the medical records of 205 patients who suffered RTA and had thoracic and lumbar spine injuries. A total of 339 vertebral fractures were diagnosed, of them 23 (6.8%) fractures of cervical, 192 (56.6%) fractures of thoracic and 124 (36.7%) fractures of lumbar vertebrae. The most common injury sites were Th12 (8.8%, n = 30) and L1 (15.3%, n = 52) vertebrae. Neurological deficit was noted in 2.9% (n = 6). The mean age of men was 39.7 ± 11.5 years, of women 46.3 ± 13.7 years. Type A1 injuries (in AOSpine classification) were noted in 184 (54.3%) patients, A3 type fractures accounted for 15.9% (n = 54). Fractures of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae often combined with injuries to other organs and systems — 132 cases (64.4%). Eight cases (3.9%) ended in death. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the epidemiological, demographic and morphological characteristics of injuries to the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae resulting from RTA. On the basis of the data obtained, it is possible to develop effective methods for prevention and treatment of such injuries.

Hospital-based surveillance for Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) in a tertiary care hospital

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) lead to significant mortality, morbidity and economic loss in India. The present study aims to characterize epidemiology of Road traffic injuries (RTIs) with information from multiple data sources and to describe factors associated with RTIs. Patients admitted with RTIs in a tertiary care hospital were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Hospital records, case sheets of RTA victims and interview of the participants with a questionnaire were used for collecting data. Majority (29%) of road traffic accidents occurred between 4pm and 8 pm, with 60% self-fall or skid. Around 23.8% consumed alcohol, 63.3% exceeded speed limit, 85% rescued within 30 minutes, 57% transported to hospital by government ambulance, 30% reached tertiary care directly, 6.5% had reduced GCS score. Young adult male were the major victims of RTAs with speed violation as a common risk behavior. The findings suggest a need for implementation of speed violation detection systems to bring down the occurrence of RTAs.

Knowledge of First Aid Road Traffic Accident Victim Among Police Officers in Banjarmasin

Kecelakaan lalu lintas dapat menimbulkan kondisi kegawatdaruratan medis yang mengancam kesehatan dan keselamatan korban. Korban harus segera mendapatkan penanganan yang cepat dan tepat untuk mengurangi kerusakan tubuh yang fatal, kecacatan, dan kematian. Polisi selaku orang awam yang dapat memberikan pertolongan pertama pada korban kecelakaan di sekitar kejadian sebelum tenaga medis professional datang melalui pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang memadai, Untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan polisi lalu lintas terkait pertolongan pertama pada korban kecelakaan. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini dilakukan terhadap 83 anggota polisi lalu lintas di Banjarmasin yang dipilih menggunakan total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan analisa data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, Kami menganalisis data dari 83 responden, sebanyak 61 responden (73%) polisi memiliki pengetahuan dalam kategori cukup, 18 responden (22%) berada di kategori baik dan kategori kurang sebanyak 8 responden (5%). Perlunya menerapkan intervensi edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan polisi lalu lintas dalam memberikan pertolongan pertama pada kecelakaan lalu lintas.

Study on the Pattern of Spinal Injuries Causing Death in Two-wheeler Road Traffic Accidents

Introduction Accidents are common with moving vehicles when they come into contact with either a rider or another vehicle. During the collision, there is an exchange of force between the objects, which results in the deformities. Incidentally, if a person is involved in such an accident, the resultant impact causes injuries in the person. Two-wheelers are no exception for such accidents. In fact, the resultant injuries are much severe than injuries sustained by the occupants of closed cabin vehicles. Aim To study the pattern of spinal injuries in a victim of road traffic accident, who died of a two-wheeler accident. Material and Methods The present study is made on the deaths which occurred after two-wheeler accidents which are subjected to post mortem examination in the mortuary of Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad, during the period January 2014 to July 2015. Results Cervical spine is the most common area to be involved among spinal column, followed by lumbar and thoracic. Mortality is more highly associated with cervical spine involvement. Among all spinal cord injuries hemorrhage and contusion were more observed. Almost all of the spinal injuries cases were also associated with other injuries and most of them were associated with head injuries.

Victims of Road Traffic Accidents in Ethiopia

The rising incidence of physical injuries from road traffic accidents in developing countries significantly impacts individuals' psychological well-being and social connections. Most existing studies, which are predominantly quantitative, focus on accident causes and prevention methods; they often overlook the lived experiences of victims. This qualitative phenomenological study aimed to delve into the often overlooked experiences and coping strategies of individuals with physical injuries resulting from road accidents, using in-depth interviews with ten participants. Thematic analysis revealed that while support was available from various sources, it was often incomplete and delayed. Additionally, uninformed medical decisions were common, with individuals receiving little explanation about their condition or future treatment. Hospitalization was generally viewed negatively, and coping strategies included support from loved ones and resilience drawn from personal experiences developed during the recovery process. Recognizing these sources of support is crucial for facilitating adaptation and improving overall quality of life. The study highlights the vital role of the social work profession in offering emotional and psychosocial support and improving communication between patients and the medical team to address mental health challenges.