Veterinary-sanitary Examination Research Articles

Key indicators of beef safety and quality as important aspects of conservation

Meat cattle breeding should develop in Ukraine as a priority and independent industry to meet beef needs. The meat industry has enormous potential and, as the most promising and attractive, will take a dominant place in the structure of the domestic food industry in the coming years. Beef is one of the most essential elements of the human diet. It contains complete proteins and animal fats, biologically active substances, mineral elements, and vitamins. The most important feature of food products is their quality and safety indicators, that is, the absence of substances harmful to the consumer's health and pathogens of infectious and invasive diseases. In this regard, veterinary and sanitary expertise and product safety control are of particular importance, as they are necessary to ensure the health of the population of Ukraine. Improving the quality of meat and meat products is a primary task in modern conditions. The implementation of this task depends not only on agricultural but also on processing enterprises. The article presents materials on the study of critical indicators of the safety and quality of beef. The study was carried out as part of the research work of the Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology, hygiene, and Expertise: “Monitoring the content of toxic substances in drinking water, feed and their impact on the body of cattle and the quality and safety of products”, state registration number – 0120U101318. The material for the research was the slaughter products of domestic animals, such as cattle, which were supplied to enterprises in the city of Zhytomyr. Pre-slaughter inspection and veterinary-sanitary examination of carcasses and their slaughter products of cattle was carried out following the “Rules of pre-slaughter veterinary examination of animals and veterinary-sanitary examination of meat and meat products”. The study aims to determine the safety and quality indicators of beef obtained in the conditions of meat processing enterprises of the Zhytomyr region. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive survey of beef safety and quality indicators was conducted. As a result of the tests, it was established that the pH level of the meat was 5.7–6.1. Carrying out the reaction with a 5 % solution of CuSO4 in the broth showed that the broth was transparent. A positive response to peroxidase was also detected. The safety parameters corresponded to regulatory documents. Careful control of the safety and quality of beef at every stage of production, starting from the rearing of animals and up to the sale of the product, guarantees a high degree of consumer protection.

Validation of the method for determining the egg albumin allergen in food products by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

An egg is an ecological food product containing protein, balanced vitamins, trace elements, and essential amino acids in the correct ratio. At the same time, egg albumin is an obligate allergen with no species specificity; consuming eggs from other birds does not eliminate the risk of an allergic reaction. The development of an allergy to chicken eggs in children, manifested by exudative diathesis, is especially likely. Allergy to egg protein leads to deterioration of the quality of life and health; therefore, its detection in food products is relevant today. The article contains information on the validation of the method of determining the egg protein content in food products by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and the main parameters for assessing the suitability of this method. The quantitative determination of processed chicken egg protein in food products was validated using the Ridascreen Egg ELISA test system, R-Biopharm, based on the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary-Sanitary Examination. The material for the study was negative samples of the matrix and enriched samples of CRM (certified reference material cake mix). Validation of the method for the quantitative determination of processed chicken egg protein in food products was carried out by determining and evaluating the following parameters: the limit of detection, quantification, convergence, reproducibility, accuracy, and uncertainty. The ELISA method for quantitatively determining processed chicken egg protein in food products has been successfully tested and meets the requirements of EU Commission Regulation 2002/657; all validation parameters are within acceptable limits. The method is suitable for food research and recommended for testing laboratories.

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Calf coronavirus (viral diarrhea) is an endemic disease that is mainly spread by maternal infectivity, cold, wet conditions and crowded housing conditions. Feces were sampled from the rectum of 50 newborn, 3-35-day-old calves. The samples were examined by microbiological, hemagglutination and Bovine enterichek accelerated test (antibody strips) in the ANAU Research Center of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Sanitary Examination. Epidemiological data, manifestations of clinical symptoms, patho-anatomical changes, hemagglutination reaction and Bovine enterichek test were used to identify the infection of 3-35-day-old calves. Feces with mucus content from the rectum of calves with diarrhea (50 samples), internal organs (spleen, liver, etc.) and affected small intestines of fallen 3-7-day-old animals (3 heads) were examined. During epidemiological studies, an increase in body temperature (42 0 C), anorexia, exhaustion, depression and watery-slimy diarrhea were observed in sick calves. Clots were found on the walls of the arteries of dead animals, inflammation and hemorrages were found in the lymph nods and kidneys. According to epidemiological, clinical symptoms, patho-anatomical changes, microbiological research, as well as hemagglutination reaction and Bovine enterichek rapid test data, both coronavirus and enterobacterial diseases were detected in animals at the same time. As a result, farmers and villagers suffered economic losses due to newborn calf falls. The disease was diagnosed according to hemagglutination reaction, Bovine enterichek test and microbiological methods. Morbidity and mortality rates were respectively 0.1 (10 %), 0.6 (60 %), economic loss – AMD 209 400. Based on the effectiveness of the “BolsheVac” (“БольшеВАК”) vaccine, we propose to carry out preventive vaccinations in vulnerable farms.

Analysis of the results of research into the mercury content in fish and seafood during import-export operations in Ukraine for 2019–2021

The article presents the results of research on the determination of mercury in fish muscles and seafood, conducted based on the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary-Sanitary Examination by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Laboratory as systematic research in the period from 2019 to 2021. Mercury content in fish muscles was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with direct sample injection. The study was carried out using a Milestone DMA-80 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Italy). Certified standard samples (MERK) of mercury ion solution composition with an accredited value of 1.0 mg/cm2 were used to construct the calibration curves. The detection limits of mercury in fish and seafood are determined according to the validation data: the LOD detection limit is 0.1 μg/kg, and the LOQ detection limit is 5.0 μg/kg. During the studied period, research was carried out on 3368 samples of fish products: 2587 samples of sea fish, 161 samples of freshwater fish, 130 samples of other types of fish and seafood – 490 pieces, of which four examples of sea fish, namely fish of the tuna family, were found to exceed the maximum permissible level of mercury, which is 0.12% of the total number of studied samples. The mercury content in tuna muscles ranged from 0.356 to 1.889 mg/kg, 1.8 times higher than the MDR. It was found that the average mercury content in the muscles of freshwater fish was 0.006–0.315 mg/kg, which is significantly lower than the average mercury concentration in marine fish. The mercury concentration in the muscles of other types of fish and seafood was 0.008–0.472 mg/kg and did not exceed the regulated norms.

Monitoring of the content of heavy metals in sunflower seeds and its processing products in Ukraine for 2018–2021

The article presents the results of research conducted at the State Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary-Sanitary Examination from 2018 to 2021 regarding the content of trace elements and toxic elements in sunflower seeds and their products of domestic production. During the studied period, 62 samples of sunflower seeds, 345 samples of sunflower meal, 289 samples of sunflower cake, and 68 samples of halva were analyzed. The preparation of samples was carried out by acid decomposition in nitric acid using a laboratory microwave system with closed-type autoclaves. The content of Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic was determined by the method of atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization and background correction with the Zeiman effect. The content of copper and zinc was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization with deuterium background correction. Mercury content – by the direct method of atomic absorption spectrometry. In all studied samples, the content of copper varied between 1.21–42.9 mg/kg, the content of zinc 17.7–75.40 mg/kg, the content of lead 0.011–1.121 mg/kg, the content of arsenic 0.0035–0.004 mg/kg, Mercury 0.005–0.051 mg/kg. The results of studies of sunflower seeds and halva for cadmium content were in the range of 0.052–0.234 mg/kg and 0.080–0.271 mg/kg. According to the obtained results, it was established that cadmium content exceeded the maximum permissible level value in five sunflower seeds and in eighteen halva samples, which is 2.7 % and 20.2 % of the total amount of the studied material. During the study of the content of inorganic pollutants Lead, Arsenic, Zinc, and Copper in sunflower seeds and halva, no violations of the maximum permissible levels were found. Regarding the analysis of meal and sunflower cake for the content of Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic, Copper, and Zinc, no violations of the MDR were detected. The contamination of seeds and halva with cadmium exceeded the legally permissible levels by 1.1 to 2.1 times. These results confirm literature data on the ability of sunflowers to accumulate cadmium, particularly in seeds. The analysis of the work demonstrates the need for more thorough and systematic control of sunflower raw materials both at the growing stage and in the process of harvesting, drying, and processing at various stages of feed and final product production.

Миаз дикой утки

The paper presents a description of the case of parasitic myasis of wild gray mallard after prey on spring hunting and shows a sanitary assessment of the presented carcass. During the spring hunt of 2022, the gray mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) from the Podolsky district of the Moscow region was mined in Central Russia. Veterinary-sanitary examination, partial helminthological autopsy and trichinelloscopy of the bird carcass were carried out 3 hours after slaughter. During the study, foci of hemorrhages, neoplasms and other pathology were detected. Then, after the initial treatment of the carcass on the side and center of the keel bone, single through holes (5 visualized with the naked eye) with signs of hyperemia, local inflammation and ichorotic odor were marked on the skin surface. When cutting the skin, superficial and deep pectoral muscles in a thickness of up to 1.5 cm of carcass, viable fly larvae measuring 6-7 mm were found. After careful inspection and removal of insect larvae from host tissues, 48 specimens of the parasite were counted. There were no dystrophic and degenerative changes in the muscles and internal organs. No sarcocystosis was detected in of duck muscles. Parasitic myasis in the bird under the skin and in the thickness of the pectoral muscles developed during life. The fact of the detection of myasis in waterfowl on the past spring amateur hunts is confirmed by the hunters of the Ryazan and Tula regions. According to the rules of veterinary-sanitary examination, in case of such a lesion of wild birds with a myasis, carcasses and internal organs are subject to technical disposal.

Veterinary and sanitary examination of dairy products in the central regions of Yakutia

As a result of the studies of veterinary-sanitary examination, quality of curd and cream in SPPC "Amma" and "Churapcha" located in the Central districts of Yakutia it should be noted high taste, biological value, market competitiveness of products. In dairy shops, whole milk is used for the production of whole milk and fermented milk products. The quality of the finished products produced by SPPC "Amma" and "Churapcha" meets the high quality and environmentally safe requirements of regulatory documents on organoleptic, physical, chemical and microbiological indicators. The technological mode of production of SPPC "Amma" and "Churapcha" products and the sanitary and epidemiological state of the enterprises fully comply with regulatory documents.

Applying Bipartite Network Analysis and Ordination Technique to Evaluate Long-Term Data from Veterinary-Sanitary Examination of Slaughtered Pigs.

Simple SummaryVeterinary inspections in abattoirs are important in the surveillance of zoonotic diseases. This study is based on veterinary inspection reports providing data about the diseases and welfare issues of 231 million pigs slaughtered in 16 regions of Poland between 2009 and 2019. Over 80 million slaughtered pigs were found with pathological changes that could pose a risk to human health. The most frequently observed changes were abscesses, soiling, faecal or other contaminations, and congestions, together accounting for 77.6% of the total infections. Statistical approaches conducted with the use of long-term data can help identify the most problematic health and welfare issues in slaughterhouses. The results of this study showed that changes related to poor animal welfare (purulent foci, contamination, congestion) and parasitic diseases accounted for the majority of the identified cases of condemnation.Animal and meat inspections in abattoirs are important in the surveillance of zoonotic diseases. Veterinary inspections in abattoirs can provide useful data for the management of health and welfare issues of humans and animals. Using the network analysis and ordination technique, in this study, we analyzed the data from 11 years of veterinary inspections in pig slaughterhouses from 16 regions in Poland. Based on the huge data set of 80,187,639 cases of diseases and welfare issues of pigs, the most frequent livestock diseases were identified to be abscesses, soiling, faecal or other contaminations, and congestions, which together accounted for 77.6% of the total condemnations. Spatial and temporal differences in swine diseases between the Polish regions were recognized using the above-mentioned statistical approaches. Moreover, with the use of a quite novel method, not used yet in preventive veterinary medicine, called a heatmap, the most problematic disease and welfare issues in each region in Poland were identified. The use of statistical approaches such as network analysis and ordination technique allow for identification of the health and welfare issues in slaughterhouses when dealing with long-term inspection data based on a very large number of cases, and then have to be adopted in current veterinary medicine.

Physical and chemical properties of "Biolide" disinfectant

Development and testing of modern effective and at the same time safe and environmentally friendly drugs for disinfection in livestock facilities and processing plants - is in the field of view of livestock producers. Resistance of microorganisms to bactericidal substances, polyresistance, the formation of biofilms in the water supply and watering of animals - these are the challenges facing modern science. The effectiveness of disinfectants depends on the complex of active substances, which by their properties show both negative and positive qualities. To improve their stability, bactericidal, detergent action, it is necessary to control them at the development stage. The drug "Biolaid" was developed by the staff of the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary Sanitary Examination (Kyiv, DNDILDVSE). To study the physicochemical properties of the drug used to determine its organoleptic properties, indicators of corrosion activity, the value of surface tension and acidity. The paper presents the results of studies of physicochemical properties of the disinfectant "Biolaid" based on lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid. In particular, the corrosion activity of the disinfectant "Biolaid" was determined according to current methods, the amount of corrosion losses, the amount of surface tension and acidity. It has been experimentally established that Biolaid at low bactericidal 2.0% concentrations has low corrosion activity relative to the treated test objects, and 2 times lower than the reference disinfectant 2.0% NaOH. In 0.1% concentration lower from 6 to 39 times depending on the material. The surface tension of the working solution of the drug "Biolaid" is 71.47 mN / m In working concentrations, the drug has a pH = 6.2.

Distribution and nosological profile of nematodoses of the digestive tract of sheep in farms of Poltava region

This study aimed to study the current state of the fauna of pathogens of nematodoses of the digestive tract of sheep in the Poltava region. The work was performed based on the Laboratory of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary Sanitary Examination of Poltava State Agar University and in the conditions of sheep farms of various forms of ownership in the Poltava region. According to the conducted research, for the first time, a detailed description of the fauna of nematodes parasitizing in the gastrointestinal tract of sheep in the climatic conditions of the Poltava region is given. Generic and species identification of isolated helminths was performed. Indicators of intensity and invasions and abundance index of detected nematodoses of sheep were established. It was determined that the fauna of nematodes of the digestive tract of sheep is represented by 15 species of helminths belonging to 2 classes: Adenophorea and Secernentea, 5 series: Trichurida, Enoplida, Strongylida, Rhabditida, Oxyurida, and 12 genera: Trichuris, Haterongia, Haemonchus Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Aonchotheca, Oesophagostomum, Scriabinema, Chabertia, Strongyloides, Cooperia, Bunostomum. Detected nematodes are geohelminths that cause the following diseases in sheep: trichuriasis, haemonchosis, ostertagiosis, trichostrongylosis, nematodirosis, oesophagostomosis, chabertiosis, cooperosis, bunostomosis, scriabinemosis, capillariasis, and strongyloidosis. It was found that the total infestation of sheep by nematodes was 78.10 %, the intensity of the invasion ranged from 1 to 93 specimens, and the abundance index – from 0.01 to 21.39 samples. The most common in the study region were nematodes of four species: H. contortus (P – 60.81 %, II – 24.15 spec./head, AI – 14.69 spec.), O. circumcincta (P – 60.81 %, ІІ – 29.75 spec./head, AI – 18.09 spec.), T. colubriformis (P – 59.08 %, ІІ – 36.21 spec./head, AI – 21.39 spec.) and T. ovis (P – 55.04 %, II – 24.19 spec./head, AI – 13.31 spec.). Isolated nematodes of T. colubriformis and H. contortus are pathogens of zooanthroponoses and are dangerous to humans, indicating the study's relevance and importance. The obtained scientific data will increase the effectiveness of measures to control and prevent nematodoses of the gastrointestinal tract of sheep in farms of the Poltava region.

Monitoring of the epizootic situation sheep strongyloidiasis on Ukrainian territory

One of the reasons that reduce the efficiency of sheep breeding development and lead to significant economic losses of the industry in Ukraine and the world is helminthic diseases, particularly strongyloidiasis caused by parasitic nematodes. Strongyloides parasitize in the small intestine of animals and lead to slow growth and development of young sheep, diarrhea, anemia, ataxia. At the high intensity of invasion - animals can die. The study aimed to analyze monitoring studies on the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in sheep in Ukraine based on statistical data of the reporting documentation of the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary Sanitary Examination during 2016–2020. Studies have shown that helminthiasis of sheep is a common invasion in farms of various forms of ownership in Ukraine, where the extent of the invasion ranged from 1.44 to 3.27 %. The share of helminthiasis of the digestive tract of sheep from the total number of detected helminthiasis reaches 84.21 %. The most common of the helminthiases of the gastrointestinal tract were nematodes; their share was 63.07 %. Trematodes and cestodes were diagnosed less frequently; their share among helminthiases of the digestive tract was 35.05 and 1.88 %, respectively. It was found that among the nematodes of the digestive tract parasitizing in sheep in Ukraine, the largest share was strongylidosis, in particular bunostomosis, nematodyrosis, hemonchosis (65.20 %), and strongyloidiasis (33.92 %). A smaller proportion were esophagostomosis (0.74 %) and trichurosis (0.14 %). Indicators of prevalence were: for strongylidosis (bunostomosis, nematodyrosis, hemonchosis) – 10.98 %, for strogiloidiasis – 4.48 %, for esophagostomosis – 0.42 %, for trichurosis – 0.21 %. In terms of years, the rates of damage to sheep by the causative agent of strongyloidiasis fluctuated significantly with the increasing prevalence of strongyloidiasis invasion during 2019–2020. Indicators of infestation of sheep with the causative agent of strongyloidiasis during the study period in Ukraine were at the level of 1.91 % (2018) to 16.14 % (2019). The data we obtained testify to the urgency of the problem of nematodes, particularly strongyloidiasis of sheep in Ukrainian farms, and lead to more thorough research on epizootological, biological features of the causative agent strongyloidiasis and the introduction of effective treatment and prevention measures.

Епізоотична ситуація за дирофіляріозу собак у м. Києві

In most countries, dogs are more likely to have two types of heartworm pathogens: Dirofilaria repens ‒ localized in the subcutaneous tissue and causes skin lesions and Dirofilaria immitis ‒ parasitizes in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries and is accompanied by cardiovascular disorders in animals. The increase in the number of dogs infected with heartworms occurs with increasing age, depending on the sex and breed of animals. Laboratory tests are important in diagnosing heartworm disease because the clinical signs are nonspecific. Heartworm disease is a global disease, the geographical area of which continues to increase The aim of the study was to clarify the epizootic situation regarding heartworm disease of dogs in Kyiv, to study the dynamics of the disease for the period 2017-2020, depending on the age of dogs, economic use in the city of Kiev, also to analyze the similarity of pathological and anatomical changes of affected animals by parasites Dirofilaria immitis. The material for the epizootic situation were reports on the results of studies of dogs in Kyiv for 2017-2020 and the results of our own research. Pathological and anatomical examinations were performed in the section hall of the Research Pathomorphology Department of the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary Sanitary Examination. The object of research is 96 dogs of different ages: puppies up to 1 year, dogs from 1 year to 12 years. Autopsies were performed according to generally accepted methods. According to official research results in Kyiv for 2019 - 2020, heartworm disease has decreased significantly (8 - 5.7%). The highest rate of invasion was in 2017 (29.6%) and with each passing year the percentage of the disease decreased, reaching 5.7% in 2020. This situation may be due to changes in weather and climate conditions (reduced rainfall), timely prevention, treatment and treatment of animals from mosquitoes. According to the results of pathological and anatomical studies, it was found that dogs under 1 year of age were not infested, and with increasing age in animals the incidence rate begins to increase and reaches the highest percentage of infestation in adult animals aged 10-12 years to ‒ 60%. Which is due to biological vectors (infested mosquitoes) and reduced resistance of animals. Pathological autopsy was performed on dogs of different breeds. However, 16 dogs were infected, including: German Shepherds ‒ 7, mestizos ‒ 4, outbred ‒ 5. In general, it is not the breed that affects dogs, but the conditions of keeping and economic use. The intensity of the invasion among service dogs ‒ 12,5%, domestic ‒ 18,2%, among homeless dogs were not found, which indicates a higher resistance of the body to this disease. According to the results of pathological and anatomical autopsies in the corpses of 16 affected animals with heartworms, similar postmortem changes were observed: 1. The presence of parasites Dirofilaria immitis approximately 20-30 cm long of light yellow color in the lumen of the right ventricle in aorta and pulmonary artery in 16 corpses ‒ 100% cases; 2. Acute venous hyperemia and pulmonary edema in 12 corpses ‒ 75% of cases; 3. Dilatation of the right ventricle of the heart in 9 corpses ‒ 56.3%; 4. Aneurysm and thrombosis of the pulmonary artery adjacent to the right ventricle of the heart was found in 8 corpses ‒ 50% probability; 5. Myocardial dystrophy among 8 corpses ‒ 50%; 6. Pericarditis was found in 3 carcasses of animals ‒ 18.8%; 7. Endocarditis in one dog, i.e. ‒ 6.3%; 8. With myocarditis one corpse ‒ 6.3%; 9. Gastro-enteritis was observed in 12 corpses in the total number ‒ 75%, but: catarrhal in 8, catarrhal-hemorrhagic in 3, hemorrhagic in 1; 10. Pneumonia in 3 corpses ‒ 18.8%, distinguishing interstitial, serous-catarrhal, catarrhal-purulent in one case. Own research has established the infestation of dogs with parasites, and the similarity of pathological and anatomical changes at the autopsy of animals depending on age, breed and economic use. In the future, it is planned to conduct histological and histochemical studies of organs in which the presence of helminths Dirofilaria immitis was detected in order to study the characteristic morphological changes.

Veterinary-Sanitary Examination of Migratory Bird Carcasses When Stored in a Glacier Under Permafrost Conditions

Due to the annual increase in harvesting wild ducks in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) regions, a detailed studying the wild bird meat is required to assess its quality and preserve the population health. Wild ducks harvested in the Ust-Aldan, Tattinsk, and Megino-Kangalassk regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) have been studied. The meat of the migratory bird carcasses has been studied twice by 4 samples: the first study – after 2-month freezing in a glacier, the second study – after 4-month freezing in a glacier. The materials studied were meat samples taken from gutted wild ducks of four species, harvested in the central zone in autumn, and marked as follows: Sample No. 1 – mallard carcass meat; Sample No. 2 – wigeon carcass meat; Sample no. 3 – shoveler carcass meat; Sample No. 4 - scoter carcass meat. For the study, gutted carcasses were frozen in a glacier at a relative humidity of 70-85 %; the glacier temperature was within -8 to -15 °C. The veterinary-sanitary examination was performed on gutted migratory bird carcasses when stored in glaciers under permafrost conditions with determining organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological meat indicators and studying subcutaneous fat of the meat of gutted migratory bird carcasses with determining toxic elements at the State Budgetary Institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Yakutskaya RVIL (Yakut Republican Veterinary Testing Laboratory) and the Department of Veterinary-Sanitary Examination and Hygiene of the Veterinary Medicine Faculty of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Arctic State Agrotechnological University. Based on the organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological results, as well as the content of toxic elements in the meat, it has been concluded that the use of healthy duck meat as a food product is advisable.

Effect of bacterial serine proteinase on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers

We evaluated the effect of adding subtilisin-like Bacillus pumilus proteinase to the diet of Hubboard broiler chickens on growth, digestibility of feed nutrients, blood characteristics, meat quality and histological parameters. One hundred and eighty broiler chickens were divided into 6 groups and received 2 feed rations from 0 to 35 days. The diet was either a basic diet without additives (BD) or a basic diet supplemented with B. pumilus proteinase at a concentration of 10 units/kg feed. We found that the addition of proteinase did not adversely (P < 0.05) affect the blood counts of broilers throughout the experiment. In the balanced experiment, we showed that with the addition of the microbial enzyme, the digestibility of the organic matter of the broilers diet increases considerably (P < 0.05). Veterinary sanitary examination and histological studies led to the conclusion that the broiler meat of the experimental group complies with Russian state standards (GOST) for fresh meat of good quality. It was established that the addition of proteinase to the main diet for broilers enhances the digestibility of the organic and mineral components of the broiler feed ration and reduces the amount of feed consumed.

Опыт проведения ветеринарно- санитарного и зоогигиенического обследования хозяйства, неблагополучного по бактериальным инфекциям крупного рогатого скота

The article presents the results of veterinary-sanitary and zoohygienic examination of the farm that is unfavorable for bacterial infections-pasteurellosis, moraxellosis, escherichiosis, and other pathologies. There is a high incidence of mastitis and endometritis in cows, and gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in young animals. 32,6 «marker points» of violations of conditions of keeping, feeding and exploitation of animals were identified. Recommendations are given for the elimination of violations, after which the incidence of respiratory diseases in calves decreased by 48,2%, gastrointestinal diseases – by 93,0%, the manifestation of infectious keratoconjunctivitis caused by moracella decreased by 12,0%, and the incidence of chronic endometritis in cows decreased by XNUMX%. The farm was recovered from clinical, subclinical mastitis and postpartum endometritis.

Порівняльне оцінювання оптимальних показників якості яловичини NOR, PSE і DFD

In connection with Ukraine's accession to the WTO, the Government has been tasked to take steps to ensure a consistent transition to the new International Requirements for the Safety and Quality of Raw Materials and Foodstuffs, including on animal health control. The purpose of the research was to carry out veterinary-sanitary examination of beef in the conditions of the agro-industrial market, to improve and develop express methods of determination of beef qualities of NOR- and PSE. The following research methods were used: organoleptic, biochemical, physicochemical, microscopic, microbiological, morphological and biometric. It is theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed the necessity to carry out veterinary and sanitary evaluation of beef qualities of NOR, PSE and DFD obtained from black-billed bull calves aged 24-27 months after maturation. The optimal quality indicators of beef quality NOR, PSE and DFD were determined. In order to prevent the loss of meat raw materials during processing, as well as in the production of meat products, it is experimentally and theoretically substantiated the need to determine the beef qualities of NOR- and PSE by organoleptic, morphological parameters, as well as by pH and pigment content. Use patented photometric methods for express and effective determination of NOR- and PSE beef in the state veterinary laboratory on the market. It is scientifically substantiated and experimentally proved the expediency of carrying out veterinary and sanitary evaluation of beef of different enterprises of Kyiv region in accordance with the current national standards and normative legal acts of Ukraine. Thus, a reliable quantitative method for determining the total content of pigments in beef qualities of NOR- and PSE along with other methods of determining these qualities (moisture retention capacity, pH, moisture content, organoleptic) is proposed. The method has the advantage over the existing methods of determining beef NOR- and PSE in that the results have a specific, reliable quantitative value. Methodical recommendations “Veterinary-sanitary evaluation of beef using quantitative method for determination of total pigment content in NOR- and PSE-meat of cattle” approved by the Academic Council of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bilotserkiv National Agrarian University, December 5, 2018 .

Study of episootic situation and dynamics of episootic and infectious processes of bovine leukemia infection

One of the problems in dairy cattle breeding has become bovine leukemia since the middle of the 20th century in the Republic of Belarus. Initially, isolated cases of the disease were recorded according to the data of clinical signs and pathological changes in the case of death of animals and the results of veterinary sanitary examination at the section of meat processing plants. After the establishment of the infectious etiology of the disease and the introduction of the immune diffusion reaction into veterinary laboratory practice, the massive nature of its spread was established with corresponding economic losses for the livestock industry. Under the prevailing conditions, it was necessary to reliably study the indicators of the epizootic situation and the trends of the epizootic process affecting the spread of infection with the bovine leukemia virus in order to take effective measures to eliminate it. The authors considered the methodological approaches to the study of the epizootic situation and the dynamics of the epizootic process of bovine leukemia virus infection in the Republic of Belarus formed the basis of the developed monitoring system. It included 132 epizootic significant indicators, divided into 8 groups, reflecting the epizootic situation of bovine leukemia virus infection, taking into account age, sex, production, territorial and other characteristics of infectious and epizootic processes of the disease in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus, established the procedure for collecting and transmitting epizootic information for making management decisions. This made it possible to control the epizootic situation and predict its development, to determine the features and patterns of the epizootic process, to evaluate the results of diagnostic studies, the effectiveness of anti-leukemic measures and their socio-economic significance. The use of epizootic, clinical, pathomorphological, laboratory methods of research with subsequent statistical processing of the data obtained and their analysis in the monitoring system of infection of the cattle leukemia virus in the Republic of Belarus made it possible to control the epizootic situation, predict its development, determine the features and patterns of the epizootic process, evaluate the results of diagnostic research, the effectiveness of anti-leukemic measures and their socio-economic significance.

Veterinary and sanitary characteristics of sarcocystosis infected cattle meat

The rate of sarcocystosis detection in slaughtered cattle was studied. The infection rate for slaughtered animals averaged 0.382.11 % of studied livestock. The location of sarcocysts in various muscle tissues of the carcass was determined. Organoleptic, physical chemical and microbiological characteristics of beef from sick and healthy animals were compared. Detected was a decrease in sensory indicators by 0.140.34 points, an increase in pH - by 0.34 units, an increase in VFA - by 0.4 mg/KOH and in amino-ammonia nitrogen concentration - by 0.09 mg/%. The content of protein decreased by 0.92 %, fat - by 1.04 %, and moisture level increased by 2.90 %. At the same time, a decrease in relative bioavailability by 10.7 % and safety by 5.1104 of meat infected with sarcocystosis as compared to meat of healthy cattle was detected. It was found out that the shelf life of chilled meat from animals infected with sarcocystosis is 1-2 days less than that of healthy ones. Based on the data obtained, proposals were developed for improving the veterinary-sanitary evaluation of meat and other products of slaughtered animals infected with sarcocystosis in order to be incorporated into the Rules of Veterinary Sanitary Examination of Meat and Meat Products.

The experience of using feed additives of the PRODAKTIV line and their positive impact on the main production indicators when growing broiler chickens

Relevance. Currently, poultry farming is one of the stressful branches of agriculture, which is associated with a high intensity of both poultry growth and technological processes. In this regard, the urgent task of the industry is to optimize metabolic processes and prevent stress by introducing effective nutrients with high bioavailability into the diet.Material and methods. The studies were carried out in the conditions of a poultry enterprise in the Central region, as well as in the vivarium and at the department of parasitology and veterinary-sanitary examination of the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Moscow State Medical Aviation and Biological Institute named after K.I. Scriabin on broilers of the cross "Cobb-500". All studies were conducted according to generally accepted methods.Results. The use of feed additives of the Prodaktiv line allowed improving the main production indicators of broiler chickens, such as meat productivity and safety, as well as a number of other indicators in all experiments.

VETERINARY AND SANITARY EXAMINATION OF FOOD CHICKEN EGGS WITH THE BASIS OF COMMODITY QUALITY ASSESSMENT

The high nutritional and dietary properties of chicken eggs, the high economic efficiency of their production have led to the rapid growth and development of commercial poultry farming throughout the world. In this regard, the purpose of the research was the veterinary-sanitary examination of edible chicken eggs sold in retail, with the basics of product quality assessment. The objects of research were food eggs of the first category of different manufacturers: “Chebarkul bird”, “Poultry farm named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR”, “Nagaybaksky poultry-farming complex”. The following indicators were studied: the quality of packaging and labeling, commercial properties, consumer characteristics, morphological features, shelf life, nutritional value, safety indicators. It was established that the quality of products from such manufacturers as “Chebarkul bird” and “Poultry farm named after the 50th anniversary of the USSR” in the veterinary and sanitary relations and in the framework of the commodity examination met the requirements of the “Rules for veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry eggs”, State Standard 31654 - 2012, Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.3.2.1078-01, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 021/2011 and 022/2011. Products supplied to the trading network “Nagaybaksky poultry complex” possessed the best consumer characteristics and commodity properties, but the labeling of chicken eggs of this manufacturer needs to be improved in accordance with the requirements of the State Standard 31654-2012.