Vertical Facial Pattern Research Articles

Soft- and Hard-Tissue Thicknesses in Patients with Different Vertical Facial Patterns and the Transverse Deficiencies, An Integrated CBCT-3D Digital Model Analysis

Different vertical facial patterns may present different bone and gingival thicknesses at the molar level and can be influenced by the dental compensations that manifest in the presence of transverse bone discrepancies. A retrospective analysis was made of 120 patients divided into three groups according to their vertical facial patterns (mesofacial, dolichofacial or brachyfacial). Each group in turn was divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of transverse discrepancies assessed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The bone and gingival measurements were made integrating a CBCT-3D digital model of the patient dentition. In the brachyfacial patients, the distance from the palatine root to the cortical bone corresponding to the right upper first molar was significantly greater (1.27 mm) than in the dolichofacial (1.06 mm) and mesofacial (1.03 mm) (p < 0.05) patients. The brachyfacial and mesofacial patients with transverse discrepancies presented a greater distance from the mesiobuccal root of the left upper first molar and from the palatine root to the cortical bone, while in the dolichofacial individuals the distances were shorter (p < 0.05); The presence of transverse bone discrepancies in brachyfacial and mesofacial patients without posterior cross-bite implies a better dentoalveolar expansion prognosis than in dolichofacial individuals.

Bone thickness and height of the buccal shelf area and the mandibular canal position for miniscrew insertion in patients with different vertical facial patterns, age, and sex.

The objectives of this article were the following: (1) to analyze bone thickness and height (BTH) of the buccal shelf area (BS) quantitatively in four different potentially eligible sites for miniscrew insertion; (2) to compare and contrast BTH and the changes in spatial position of the inferior alveolar nerve canal (IANC); and (3) to assess differences with age among vertical facial patterns (hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent) and well as by sex. Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 205 individuals (110 women and 95 men) were divided into groups according to age, vertical facial pattern, and sex. The BTH of the BS and the BTH to the IANC were measured in the mesial and distal roots of the first and second molars. BTH progressively increased in a posterior direction (P < .001), while BTH to the IANC increased and decreased (P < .001) for thickness and height, respectively, in the same direction in all age groups, for the three different vertical facial patterns, and in both sexes. Women showed significantly less BTH to the IANC (P < .002). Hypodivergent patients had greater BTH (P < .024) and a smaller bone height to the IANC (P < .018) only in the first molar region. Patients over 40 years of age had lower bone height in the second molar area (P < .003). The ideal place for BS miniscrew insertion is the region of the distal root of the second molars, regardless of facial pattern, sex, and age. The BS in women has less BTH and less BTH to the IANC.

Advances in soft and hard tissue morphology of chin

The chin has an important impact on the patient's facial aesthetics, and the shape of the chin not only affects the position and shape of other soft and hard tissues of the face, but also affects the overall coordination and balance of the jaws. Domestic and foreign studies have found that chin morphology is associated with gender, vertical facial pattern, and horizontal facial pattern. Orthodontists should fully consider the shape of the patient's chin when designing orthodontic treatment to achieve the greatest degree of soft and hard tissue appearance and obtain a good orthodontic effect.

Assessment of tongue posture in class I malocclusion with vertical malrelations

IntroductionTongue is a soft muscular tissue which is mainly made of mucosa, muscles, vascular and nerve supply. The mucosa of body is formed from the first pharyngeal arch and third pharyngeal arches; while the skeletal muscles develop from myoblast that migrate from occipital somite's.AimOwing to its effect on the building structures all around and vital functions, this study was carried out to assess the tongue posture in vertical malrelations; in class I malocclusion.Materials and methodsA cephalometric study was carried out on 153 adult patients (76 female, 75 male) from 17 to 22 years old) with skeletal class I. The sample was selected according to the mandibular plane angle (SN/GO-GN) and categorized according to vertical facial pattern into; high angle (SN/MP >37), low angle (SN/MP <27) and average angle (SN/MP 32 ± 5°); including 26 females and 25 males in each group. The tongue position was calculated along horizontal line passing through the incisal edge of the lower central incisor to the cervical distal third of the lower second molar and extending posteriorly. Taking the cervical area as a center, six angles will be drawn at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 12°, and 150°. The contours of the dorsum of the tongue and the palate and six distances will be measured at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° between tongue and palate contour.ResultsTongue positions were found to be higher in position in skeletal class I malocclusion in low and high mandibular plane (posterior part of the tongue); on the other, lower tongue position (anterior part) was found in increased mandibular plane angle without sex differencesConclusionTongue position is affected by the position of the mandible in vertical plane; regarding the anterior or posterior part without sex differences.

Comparison of gonial angle measurement on lateral cephalometric and orthopantomogram in different malocclusion groups

Introduction: Growth of the patients occurs in both vertical and horizontal directions. The pattern of the growth can be predicted from both lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram. GA is one of the important parameter measures from both lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram which can predict growth direction. In the previous literature GA is measured from LCR and OPG in the vertical facial growth pattern. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability of lateral cephalogram compared to orthopantomogram in determining the value of gonial angle in different types of malocclusion groups (Sagittal skeletal class I, II, III). Material and methods: This was a hospital-based study conducted at the Orthodontic Department, Institute of Dentistry LUMHS, Jamshoro/ Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan from 19 October 2020 to 12 April 2021. This study recruited 174 participants of 12 years to 30 years of age, 123 female and 51 male patients. Skeletal class I malocclusion patients are 66, skeletal class II malocclusion patients are 75, and skeletal class III malocclusion patients are 33. Radiographs lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram were advised to patients and were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the accuracy of the results.

Correlation of Vertical Dentoalveolar Heights with Palatal Plane Inclination in Adults with Different Vertical Facial Patterns

Various studies showed inconsistent and different results regarding the correlation between open bites and palate planes whether normal or abnormal. This study had for objective to investigate the correlation between dentoalveolar heights and palatal plane inclination in different vertical facial patterns. 120 lateral cephalometric radiographs (60 females and 60 males) were selected from the archives of the Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University. The sample consisted of three equal groups: hypodivergent (SN/MP<27°), normodivergent (SN/MP=27°-37°) and hyperdivergent (SN/MP>37°). The radiographs were digitally traced and cephalometric skeletal and dentoalveolar variables were measured. Statistical analysis was carried out with significance level at p<0.05. The palatal plane inclination showed statistically significant difference between hyperdivergent and both hypodivergent and normodivergent subjects with no statistically significant difference between hypodivergent and normodivergent subjects. A statistically significant difference in the upper anterior dentoalveolar height (UADAH) was found between hypodivergent and both hyperdivergent and normodivergent subjects. No statistically significant difference was found in the other dentoalveolar heights between the different vertical patterns. A negative moderate correlation was only observed between the palatal plane angle and UADAH in the hyperdivergent group. Multiregression analysis showed that the greatest contribution to overbite pooled across all groups other than the skeletal pattern was attributed to UADAH. UADAH seems to influence the overbite depth compared to other dentoalveolar heights. It is possible that UADAH acts as a compensatory factor for palatal plane inclination in hyperdivergent subjects.

Dentoskeletal effects of rapid maxillary expander therapy in early mixed dentition patients with different vertical growing patterns without posterior crossbite: A retrospective study

This study aimed to analyze the variation of dentoskeletal effects after rapid maxillary expander therapy in subjects with different vertical growth patterns. The study sample consisted of 94 patients (32 males, 62 females; mean age 8.9 ± 1.5 years) treated with rapid maxillary expander (RME) anchored on first permanent molars. For each subject, lateral cephalograms and maxillary digital dental casts were available before RME, immediately after appliance removal, and 1 year after appliance removal. All the subjects were divided into 3 groups according to their vertical facial patterns (low-angle, normal-angle, and high-angle). Cephalometric analysis was conducted on lateral cephalograms. The virtual 3-dimensional models were used to analyze the torque of the first permanent molars and intercanine and intermolar width. The differences between the vertical facial subgroups were contrasted by analysis of variance multicomparison test (P<0.05). In the short-term (from before to immediately after RME removal), high-angle subjects showed a mandibular clockwise rotation compared with other groups. No significant long-term vertical and sagittal skeletal changes (from before to 1 year after RME removal) were found between the groups. A greater increase in maxillary molar torque was observed in high-angle subjects than in the other groups. The low-angle patients showed a greater increase in the intercanine diameter. Hyperdivergent subjects showed increased buccal tipping of the anchor molars after the expansion. Hypodivergent and normodivergent subjects showed lower buccal tipping after the expansion and an increased expansion effect in the anterior region.

Survival Analysis of Orthodontic Micro-Implants: A Retrospective Study on the Effects of Patient-Related Factors on Micro-Implant Success

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of patient-related factors such as anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns and alveolar bone density on the success rate of micro-implants. Cases of orthodontic micro-implants (n = 404; diameter, 1.6 mm; length, 6 mm) were investigated in 164 patients (127 women, 37 men; mean age, 23.6 ± 5.8 years). Cortical bone thickness and alveolar bone density were measured using diagnostic cone-beam computed tomography to examine their effects on the micro-implant’s survival. Moreover, anteroposterior and vertical facial patterns were considered as independent variables for the success of micro-implants. Marginal survival analysis was performed by analyzing the time from implant placement to the removal of the failed micro-implants, or to the end of treatment for successful micro-implants. Variables including age, sex, implantation side, implantation site, root proximity, and type of loading (immediate vs. delayed) were also assessed. In total, 347 (85.9%) of the 404 micro-implants were successful. The mean loading time was 12.4 ± 4.3 months. Marginal survival analysis showed that the effects of the anteroposterior and vertical facial patterns on the risk of failure were not statistically significant. The factors significantly associated with the micro-implant loading time were cortical bone density, root proximity, and micro-implants replanted in the same site. In conclusion, our findings indicate that anteroposterior and vertical skeletal patterns are not associated with the success of orthodontic micro-implants. Cortical bone density may be associated with the micro-implant’s success.

Distribution of the three vertical facial patterns in individuals aged 17-20 years

Distribution of the three vertical facial patterns in individuals aged 17-20 years

Correlation between Facial Soft Tissues and Vertical Facial Pattern in 12-16 Years Old Untreated Patients

Background: Soft tissue paradigm shift has accentuated significance of soft tissue variables in diagnosis &amp; treatment planning. Aim: To find a correlation between facial soft tissues and underlying vertical facial patterns in young untreated patients. Methods: The lateral cephalograms of 170 young individuals were divided into three equal groups, i.e., long, average, and short face, in accordance with the vertical facial patterns. This was done using a cross-sectional research design. Upper and lower lip lengths and extent of lip protrusion were measured for each individual. Non-probability consecutive sampling was done. The relationship between face soft tissue and the vertical facial pattern was examined using the Pearson Correlation test and less than 0.05 p-value was held statistically significant. Result: Significant correlation between upper and lower lip lengths and vertical facial form was found. Similarly significant positive correlation between protrusion of upper and lower lips and vertical facial pattern was found. Conclusion: Cephalometric analyses suggest the vertical dimensions of facial soft tissues conform to the vertical skeletal patterns. The long facial patterns have increased lip lengths and procumbent lips. MeSH words: Cephalometric analysis, Cross-sectional study, Vertical facial pattern, Lip length

Tridimensional Analysis of Incisive Canal and Upper Central Incisor Approximation

The present study aimed to estimate the location of the incisive canal (IC) concerning the upper central incisor roots (U1) in order to explore the amount of incisor retraction as per the envelope of discrepancy amongst Chinese patients with different vertical facial growth patterns. This is a cross-sectional study that used a total of 207 pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of adults with a skeletal class I relationship. Sixty-nine cases were included in each of the normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent facial groups. The IC volume was measured using Mimics 21 software. The IC width and IC-U1 proximity were measured using in vivo 6 software. Linear measurements were conducted at 3 vertical levels. The IC has shown a larger volume in the hyperdivergent group and male patients. Overall, the IC has recorded linear width greater than the inter-root distance of U1 in 59.1%, 66%, and 68.8% amongst the normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent facial groups, respectively, and in 58.3% of males and 70.8% of females. The overall sagittal distances between the U1 and IC were 4.00 ± 0.82 mm, 4.60 ± 0.83 mm, and 3.60 ± 0.80 mm amongst the normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent facial groups, respectively. The maximum sagittal distances between U1 and IC were 4.8 mm, 5.4 mm, and 4.4 mm amongst the normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent facial groups, respectively. Thereby, our findings have revised the retraction aspect of the envelope of discrepancy as per the different vertical facial growth patterns, which could serve a reference for the clinical practice involved considerable incisors movement, especially among Chinese patients.

Evaluation of the Position and Incidence of Impaction of Mandibular Third Molars in Different Anteroposterior and Vertical Skeletal Patterns: A Retrospective Study

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of impacted mandibular third molar in different anteroposterior and vertical facial skeletal patterns and to evaluate the angle of impaction of mandibular third molar.&#x0D; Methodology: 207 Panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiographs for patients above 20 years old with impacted mandibular third molar were recruited from the orthodontic department clinics in multiple universities in Egypt and traced using WebCeph ™ software. From the lateral cephalograms, three anteroposterior measurements were taken which were termed as ANB, A-B difference and Wits appraisal and three vertical angles were measured which were SN/MP, MMPA and FMPA to determine different skeletal facial types. The angulation of mandibular third molar impaction was determined by β angle according to Winter’s classification from the orthopantomogram.&#x0D; Results: Among all 207 analyzed cases, impacted third molars were detected in (38.6%) cases&#x0D; unilaterally and (61.4%) bilaterally. Anteroposteriorly, the higher percentage of total impactions was found in subjects with a class 2 skeletal pattern (97.2%). Vertically, the higher percentage of total impactions was found in subjects with a mesocephalic facial pattern (45.9%). The most common type of impaction was mesioangular based on Winter’s classification.&#x0D; Conclusions: A higher incidence of lower third molar impaction was found in subjects with a class 2 skeletal pattern. A higher incidence of lower third molar impaction was found in subjects with a mesocephalic facial pattern. In almost all skeletal facial types, the mesioangular position of the impacted mandibular third molar was the most prevalent position.

Association between Anterior Alveolar Dimensions and Different Vertical Facial Patterns

Objective: To determine the association of anterior alveolar dimensions with different vertical facial patterns at a tertiary care Hospital. Material and Methods: This Cross-sectional study took place in Orthodontic Department, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, during 6 months form June 2018 to December 2018. Patients with age group 18-30 years and both genders were included. All the subjects were divided into three groups, Average face (Subjects with LAFH-TAFH ratio of 56% -58%), short face (Subjects with LAFH-TAFH ratio of &lt;55%) and long face (Subjects with LAFH-TAFH ratio of &gt;59%), The vertical facial pattern was calculated from TFH i.e., the LAFH and TAFH ratio All the data was recorded by the study proforma for the purpose of analysis. Results: Total 90 patients were studied; their mean age was 21.12+3.47 years. Females were in majority 52.2% and males were 47.8%. Long face was 37.8%, short face 37.8% and average face were 24.4%. Mean upper posterior alveolus width was significantly higher in short face of vertical facial pattern, and mean of upper anterior alveolus height was higher in long face (p-&lt;0.05). Mean of upper anterior alveolus width was significantly higher in average face of vertical facial pattern, and lower anterior alveolus height was markedly higher in long face of vertical facial pattern (p- 0.001). Though mean of lower anterior alveolus width and lower posterior alveolus width were insignificantly associated with vertical facial pattern. Vertical facial pattern was statistically insignificant according to gender p-value 0.226. Conclusion: There was a significant association between dimensions of anterior alveolar among different vertical facial patterns. Kewords: Anterior alveolar dimensions, vertical facial pattern

Evaluation´ of mandibular alveolar bone in patients with different vertical facial patterns : Across-sectional CBCT study.

The study aimed to investigate the morphological and structural differences of mandibular alveolar bone between different vertical facial patterns (VFP). In all, 66CBCT scans of patients were selected for the study: 24were designated as hyperdivergent, 25as normodivergent, and 17as hypodivergent. Fractal values of the interdental alveolus were measured at the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar regions. The minimum trabecular bone width (MTBW) of the alveolus, the buccal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses, and the total alveolar width (AW) at the minimum trabecular bone level were measured. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare the groups. The correlations between FMA (Frankfurt mandibular plane angle) and other measurements were analyzed by Pearson analysis. No significant differences were detected in fractal values and buccal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses between the groups. The MTBW and AW of the hypodivergent individuals were found to be higher in the anterior and premolar interdental sites. FMA was found to be significantly correlated with MTBW and AW. The patients with different VFPs did not exhibit significant differences in the trabecular complexity of the mandibular alveolus. Hypodivergent patients tend to have thicker trabecular and alveolar bone widths than normodivergent and hyperdivergent individuals.

The Association of ACTN3 Rs1815739 Polymorphism with Various Malocclusion Phenotype

A functional polymorphism on the 16th exon of the alpha-actinin-3 gene has an effect on the protein structure and cellular signaling and therefore on muscle contraction. In this study, we aimed to analyze the alpha-actinin-3 rs1815739 polymorphism in 3-dimensional malocclusions and different craniofacial skeletal patterns. Forty-nine volunteering subjects enrolled for the study. Genotyping of alpha-actinin-3 rs1815739 polymorphism was per- formed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Pre-orthodontic cephalometric radiographs were traced using NemoTech ceph- alometric tracing software. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows was utilized to carry out statistical analysis. P < .05 was considered to be statistically significant. The respective numbers and the percentages of alpha-actinin-3 rs1815739 polymorphisms for RR, RX, and XX genotypes were 39 (79.6%), 4 (8.2%), and 6 (12.2%), respectively. Twenty-one patients had low angle vertical patterns and 17 patients had Class I and the same number of the patients had Class III facial patterns. But none of these had statistically significant difference in terms of alpha-actinin-3 rs1815739 polymorphism and in vertical or sagittal facial patterns, and mandibular incisor inclination. When we examined the maxillary anteroposterior position, we found a significant difference between rs1815739 polymorphisms (P < .05). Also, we detected a significant difference between rs1815739 polymorphism and maxillary incisor inclination (P < .05). Maxillary incisor inclination and maxillary anteroposterior position are associated with alpha-actinin-3 rs1815739 poly- morphism in a Turkish cohort.

Relapse patterns of two-jaw surgical correction in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and different vertical facial types

The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative relapse after the surgical correction of skeletal Class III deformities of various facial patterns as a guide to surgical planning. A retrospective cohort study of 90 consecutive patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent bimaxillary surgery was performed. The surgical outcomes and postoperative stability were compared. The primary predictor variable was vertical facial type, which was classified into three groups according to the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA). The primary outcome of angular and linear measurements was obtained using serial cone beam computed tomography scans obtained at time points of preoperative, 1 week after surgery, and orthodontic debonding. No significant difference in skeletal relapse was observed in patients with the different vertical facial types. The mandible displayed a forward and upward relapse in all three groups postoperatively. The patients with a low FMA exhibited a more consistent mandibular relapse pattern than those with a normal or high FMA. These findings suggest that bimaxillary surgery is clinically stable for mandibular prognathism regardless of the vertical facial pattern. However, 1–1.5 mm of overcorrection in the mandible setback should be considered in patients with a low FMA, because of the greater facial depth and consistent forward and upward mandibular relapse pattern.

'Comparison and correlation of the maxillary sinus dimensions in various craniofacial patterns: A CBCT Study'.

Background:To compare and correlate the maxillary sinus dimensions and basal bone height among various facial patterns using CBCT for advanced diagnosis and treatment planning in Orthodontics. Methods:66 CBCT images within age group of 18-30 years were divided into horizontal (Group 1), average (Group 2) and vertical (Group 3) facial growth patterns. Maxillary sinus dimensions were compared and correlated in all three groups. The sinus height and basal bone height were recorded at 3 locations-between 1 st premolar and 2 nd premolar (PM1-PM2), between 2 nd premolar and 1 st Molar (PM2-M1) and between 1 st and 2 nd molar (M1-M2). Results:Overall reduction in sinus height and significantly reduced sinus volume was seen in Group-1. Longest maxillary sinus height in M1-M2 region and shortest in PM1-PM2 region was seen in Group-3. The basal bone height in PM1-PM2 region was significantly longer in Group-3 than in Group-1(p<.05).Shortest basal bone height in M1-M2 region was seen in Group-3. A significant negative correlation was seen between the maxillary sinus height and the basal bone height in Group-1 and Group-3(p<.05). Conclusion:There is a correlation between the maxillary sinus height and basal bone height with that of facial pattern which needs to be considered during orthodontic treatment planning and while carrying out facial growth modification procedures in younger patients.

Uniformity of palatal volume and surface area in various malocclusions.

To assess palatal volume, surface area and linear dimensions across sagittal and vertical components of malocclusion. Pre-treatment cephalographs and dental casts of 178 non-growing patients (88 males, 90 females, age 25.81 ± 8.23 years) were used for classification in sagittal malocclusion groups: Class I (n= 48), Class II division 1 (n= 42), Class II division 2 (n= 40) and Class III (n= 48); and in vertical divergence groups based on the MP/SN angle: hypodivergent (n= 35), normodivergent (n= 95) and hyperdivergent (n= 48). Dental casts were scanned and palatal measurements recorded: palatal width, depth and interdental distances; palatal surface area (PSA, mm2 ) and volume (PV, mm3 ). A 3-way ANOVA was used to compare palatal dimensions across groups. Pearson product-moment correlations were employed to assess associations among variables. PSA and PV (in both sex groups) were not statistically significantly different across sagittal malocclusions and vertical patterns. Significant differences were depicted more among the vertical divergence groups than sagittal groups. Correlations between PSA and PV and palatal dimensions were low to moderate. Predictability of PSA and PV ranged between 15 and 18%. The finding of similar palatal volume and surface area, on average, across malocclusions possibly underscores the limitations of environmental influences within the inherited orofacial phenotype. The vertical facial pattern seems to be more interactive with palatal dimensions than sagittal relations. Studies of palatal changes following orthodontic and orthognathic treatments are warranted.

‘Comparison and correlation of the maxillary sinus dimensions in various craniofacial patterns: A CBCT Study’

Background: To compare and correlate the maxillary sinus dimensions and basal bone height among various facial patterns using CBCT for advanced diagnosis and treatment planning in Orthodontics. Methods: 66 CBCT images within age group of 18-30 years were divided into horizontal (Group 1), average (Group 2) and vertical (Group 3) facial growth patterns. Maxillary sinus dimensions were compared and correlated in all three groups. The sinus height and basal bone height were recorded at 3 locations-between 1 st premolar and 2 nd premolar (PM1-PM2), between 2 nd premolar and 1 st Molar (PM2-M1) and between 1 st and 2 nd molar (M1-M2). Results: Overall reduction in sinus height and significantly reduced sinus volume was seen in Group-1. Longest maxillary sinus height in M1-M2 region and shortest in PM1-PM2 region was seen in Group-3. The basal bone height in PM1-PM2 region was significantly longer in Group-3 than in Group-1(p<.05).Shortest basal bone height in M1-M2 region was seen in Group-3. A significant negative correlation was seen between the maxillary sinus height and the basal bone height in Group-1 and Group-3(p<.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between the maxillary sinus height and basal bone height with that of facial pattern which needs to be considered during orthodontic treatment planning and while carrying out facial growth modification procedures in younger patients.

'Comparison and correlation of the maxillary sinus dimensions in various craniofacial patterns: A CBCT Study'.

BACKGROUND To compare and correlate the maxillary sinus dimensions and basal bone height among various facial patterns using CBCT for advanced diagnosis and treatment planning in Orthodontics. METHODS 66 CBCT images within age group of 18-30 years were divided into horizontal (Group 1), average (Group 2) and vertical (Group 3) facial growth patterns. Maxillary sinus dimensions were compared and correlated in all three groups. The sinus height and basal bone height were recorded at 3 locations-between 1 st premolar and 2 nd premolar (PM1-PM2), between 2 nd premolar and 1 st Molar (PM2-M1) and between 1 st and 2 nd molar (M1-M2). RESULTS Overall reduction in sinus height and significantly reduced sinus volume was seen in Group-1. Longest maxillary sinus height in M1-M2 region and shortest in PM1-PM2 region was seen in Group-3. The basal bone height in PM1-PM2 region was significantly longer in Group-3 than in Group-1(p<.05).Shortest basal bone height in M1-M2 region was seen in Group-3. A significant negative correlation was seen between the maxillary sinus height and the basal bone height in Group-1 and Group-3(p<.05). CONCLUSION There is a correlation between the maxillary sinus height and basal bone height with that of facial pattern which needs to be considered during orthodontic treatment planning and while carrying out facial growth modification procedures in younger patients.