Expressive Speech Research Articles

Lingual Markers in Da'wah Messages in a Movie Entitled Ustad Millennial

The purpose of this study is to describe the form of lingual markers and da'wah messages that exist in the dialogue of the film "Ustad Millenial". The study used a qualitative descriptive method. The data source of this research is the dialogue of the film "Ustad Millenial". The research data are oral data containing lingual markers which include da'wah messages in the dialogue of the film "Ustad Millenial". The data collection technique used in this study is the note-taking technique. Data was collected and recorded then recorded and then identified. The next step is the data is grouped based on their respective categories according to the existing theory. The results of this study indicate the lingual markers of da'wah messages that exist in the dialogue of the film "Ustad Millenial". Lingual markers are one of the branches of pragmatic studies. Where in this study learn about the structure of language related to how a language is used in communication. The conclusions of the lingual markers of da'wah messages in the film "Ustad Millenial" are divided into 6 categories, namely assertive, directive, commissive, declarative, rogative, expressive speech acts.

한국어의 두 목적어 어순에 관한 코퍼스 연구

This study aims to identify the canonical word-orders when Korean verbs take two objects: a clause and an NP. To pursue this goal, with over 7,000 tokens of 27 Korean utterance verbs which reportedly possess a ‘hearer-theme’ construction (Cho 2009; Lee 2016), it observes how many objects (zero, one, or two objects) are realized in a token sentence, analyzes in what type of syntactic categories the objects appear, and finally examines which word-order is preferred in case of the two objects in a token. Besides, it attempts to classify the 27 utterance verbs in terms of their object realization, i.e., the number and the syntactic types of objects in the tokens, using K-means clustering algorithm and Heirarchical Clustering. The findings are (i) the most of the data fell into zero or one object cases while only 5% of the data occurred with two objects, (ii) the canonical word-order differed depending on the syntactic type of an NP object so that an Accusative NP mostly followed a clausal object while a Dative NP preferably preceded an object clause, and (iii) the verbs given were best categorized into three groups when they took only one complement: hearer-dominant group, theme-dominant group, and hearer/theme group.

Self-Relation Attention and Temporal Awareness for Emotion Recognition via Vocal Burst.

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is one of the most exciting topics many researchers have recently been involved in. Although much research has been conducted recently on this topic, emotion recognition via non-verbal speech (known as the vocal burst) is still sparse. The vocal burst is concise and has meaningless content, which is harder to deal with than verbal speech. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a self-relation attention and temporal awareness (SRA-TA) module to tackle this problem with vocal bursts, which could capture the dependency in a long-term period and focus on the salient parts of the audio signal as well. Our proposed method contains three main stages. Firstly, the latent features are extracted using a self-supervised learning model from the raw audio signal and its Mel-spectrogram. After the SRA-TA module is utilized to capture the valuable information from latent features, all features are concatenated and fed into ten individual fully-connected layers to predict the scores of 10 emotions. Our proposed method achieves a mean concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) of 0.7295 on the test set, which achieves the first ranking of the high-dimensional emotion task in the 2022 ACII Affective Vocal Burst Workshop & Challenge.

Illocutionary Speech Act Analysis in Nipashe Newspapers’ Headlines

The purpose of this study was to look at headline writers’ intentions from Tanzanian Nipashe newspapers and classify them in accordance with illocutionary speech acts Taxonomy by Searle (1979). The study employed a qualitative research approach and a descriptive research design. The study involved the population of 1095 front-page newspaper headlines. A sample of 130 headlines was chosen and each headline was classified according to the taxonomy of illocutionary Speech Act. Out of the five categories of speech acts developed by J.R. Searle (1979), which served as the theoretical foundation for the study, four speech acts were found to be executed in the sampled newspaper headlines, with the representative speech act type predominating. Claiming, urging, remembering, reporting, recommending, assuring, bragging, concluding and deducing were some of the assertives' or representatives' illocutionary acts that appeared in the headlines. Directive headlines surveyed were used by copy editors to request, order, command, question and suggest that readers of the newspapers do something. Some headlines included commissive speech acts, which copy editors used to commit themselves to future actions. The headlines with expressive illocutionary acts were used by the editors to thank, pardon, apologize, blame, deplore, congratulate, regret and praise. There was no declarative speech act performed in the Nipashe newspaper headlines. The study recommends that the newspaper writers continue executing assertive speech acts in their headlines if they wish to tell the truth, use commissive speech acts if they want to make commitments about future events, use directive speech acts if they want readers to do something, use expressive speech acts to draw the attention of their readers and express their emotions and feelings and use declarative speech acts if they want to change the world and the attitudes of their readers at large.

КОМУНІКАТИВНА ЗНАЧУЩІСТЬ ДІЄСЛІВ МОВЛЕННЯ ТА ЧАСТОТНІСТЬ ЇХ ВЖИВАННЯ У ХУДОЖНЬОМУ ТЕКСТІ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ РОМАНУ МАРГАРЕТ МІТЧЕЛЛ «ЗВІЯНІ ВІТРОМ»

The article is devoted to the study of communication verbs on the material of Margaret Mitchell's novel «Gone with the Wind» which contains many communication verbs, with the help of which the author not only intrigues the readers, but also creates a сertain impression, a specific reaction in order to convey the depth of feelings. The novelty of the conducted scientific research lies in the fact that an attempt was made to carry out a complex analysis of the communication verbs in different speech acts, the frequency of their use for creating a certain emotional coloring and underlying stylistic significance. The main purpose of the analysis was to trace the peculiarities of functioning of communication verbs in the literary text, to identify the most frequently used verbs for depicting events, creating dynamism and tension of the storyline, its expressiveness. Communication verbs are understood as the ones that are used for a certain communicative intention of the speaker participating in the communicative act. By taking into account the criterion of frequency of use, the semantic meanings that communication verbs perform in the text of the novel, 24 synonymic sets have been identified. The textual analysis of communication verbs chosen by singling them out from the novel was performed which contributed to the objectification of the research results. It has been confirmed that communication verbs in the literary text are used to reinforce the expressiveness and their frequency of use is quite high. It has been proved that they are able to convey different evaluative meanings of the statements of the main characters and contribute to the lexical coherence of the text, the logic of the presentation, the disclosure of deep thoughts and ideas of the author. The communication verb say1 (503) belongs to the most numerous synonymic set, the least represented is the communication verb hesitate (10). It has been confirmed that the literary text has its own original set of communication units that are typical of it.

Are Indonesian Netizens Really Uncivilized? Indonesian Netizen's Response to MSP's Inauguration as Chairman of Brin Main Board

This study examined netizens’ response to MSP’s appointment as the Chairman of Brin Main Board of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) on October 13, 2021, by President Jokowi, which caused controversy. The netizens’ responses are interesting to study from a cyber-pragmatic perspective. This study described and explained the types of netizens’ responses to the inauguration of the Chairman of Brin Main Board, the forms of netizens’ response to the inauguration, and degree of the politeness of the responses against MSP’s inauguration. The data of this study is in the form of netizens’ responses to the shows on YouTube. The data is gathered using the documentation method through the technique of Simak Bebas Libat Cakap (SBLC). The data was analysed using descriptive techniques following the stages of the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The results of data analysis showed that there are three types of responses, namely pro responses, counter-responses, and neutral responses. The response is indicated in the form of assertive speech acts, which are stating, proposing, and informing; directive speech acts which are commanding, forbidding, advising, inviting, asking, and suggesting; and expressive speech acts, which are praising, sarcastic, and insulting. Netizens’ utterances that are not polite have a more significant percentage than polite ones. This indicates that the Indonesian netizens tend to be uncivilized in responding.
 Keywords: verbal response, type of response, form of response, (im)politeness, Indonesia netizens

Communication Disorders in Children with Cerebral Palsy

The current article presents results of a theoretical study on the communicative development of children with cerebral palsy. Key features of motor and sensory development manifestations have been outlined, which directly correspond to the development of language and speech competencies. The main characteristics of impressive and expressive speech have been highlighted. Communicative abilities have been described as essential in connection with the psycho-emotional inclusion of children in social life. The impact of children’s communication skill violation has been emphasized, as well as the importance of the environment in which they develop and the opportunities provided to them.

Відображення мовного та культурного буття поліщуків крізь призму діалектного тексту

The article summarizes the views of scientists on the heuristic value of dialect texts as a reliable source for dialectological studies in view of their systematic presentation of speech features at different language levels; first of all the importance of samples of colloquial speech is noted, for the study of linguistic features of the areas of the Ukrainian dialect continuum. At the same time, attention is focused on the importance of dialect texts for research in the area of other humanities, for studying the mentality of native speakers, their material and spiritual culture. The linguistic existence of polishchuks Based on the material of dialect texts published in the publication "Unity in Diversity. Polishchuks" (2018), recorded by the author for dozens of years in the Central Polish dialects of the Zhytomyr region, collected in the studied area by students of philological specialties during dialectological practice in recent years, is analyzed. The exsistenee which is reflected primarily in the perception and awareness of oneself as a representative of a separate dialect , which differs from the inhabitants of other nearby settlements on the actual linguistic level, as well as in the preservation of a number of dialectal phonetic features in the area of vocalism and consonantism in the studied territory and expressive speech morphological features that confirm the archaic nature of the specified area. The representatives of the cultural life of the polishchuks are texts about their material culture, in particular about everyday life, crafts, farming, cultivation of agricultural crops, harvesting, etc. The spiritual culture of the inhabitants of the Middle Polissya is reflected in the texts about the rituals of the polishchuks, primarily about the wedding ceremony, in the records of beliefs, traditions, customs, which testify to durability in time and preservation in the present, at the same time undergoing dynamics caused mainly by extralingual factors.

THE IMPORTANCE OF FOLKLORE IN TEACHING THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE

It is known that the concept of the language, literature, and culture of any people originates from folklore and is reflected there. Folklore is a rich literary heritage of the people, the art of words, everyday life, and the pearl of the national culture. It contains a lot of information and information related to the national worldview. In today's era of globalization, the use of folklore models at the "Kazakh language" lesson can not only increase the vocabulary, richness of language, skills of word use, but also expand the cognitive horizons of students and become of great importance in the direction of national education in the question of how we can absorb and convey this spiritual heritage to young people. The article will talk about the methodology of using Kazakh folklore in the process of teaching the state language – Kazakh. The possibility of using information related to folklore, exercises in reading, listening, pronunciation, and writing tasks of speech activity is discussed from the point of view of practical training. During each lesson, students are told about the cognitive and educational aspects of folklore. Types of tasks with proverbs, sayings and riddles of folklore patterns can be used by converting them according to the topics in the standard program. This is due to the fact that these patterns of folklore are compact in size, rhythmic in pronunciation, and are easy to perceive by the language learner. The structure of proverbs and sayings is compact and simple, but the vocabulary, richness of the language, develops the student's horizons, expands the use of words, teaches expressive speech. Unfortunately, the use of riddles, one of the small genres of folklore, has become rare recently. Therefore, in order to promote the rich national heritage it is necessary to give more riddles in the lesson. Riddles develop the human mind, expand the student's worldview, enrich the language in the process of identifying the implied thought. At the “Kazakh language” lesson folklore samples obtained in connection with the text help to master the topic, reveal its content.

The Pragmatic Functions of the tilde “~” in China’s Social Media among Youth Groups

China defines “~” (tilde, the wave sign) as punctuation, which serves as a grammar marker. However, as social media becomes popular in people’s daily life, the wave sign acquires another pragmatic meaning and function. Although this change is obvious, few studies have been conducted for a further view. This paper aims to explore the pragmatic meaning and function of “~” beyond its punctuation usage. With a qualitative and quantitative study, it’s found that the tilde “~” is usually popular among a specific group in social media, while it is widely used on both formal and informal occasions. Also, according to Searle’s illocutionary speech acts theory, it’s found that the tilde “~” is mainly used in three speech acts, which are directive speech acts, expressive speech acts, and representative speech acts, respectively. In this paper, the tilde “~” could be considered as a marker from the perspective of its functions: 1) it’s a symbol in multimodal communication that is capable of producing synaesthesia of visual and auditory; 2) it is usually a positive marker hinting a kind of pleasure emotion comparing with other punctuations; 3) it can be a tone modifier mitigating or enhancing the tone of an utterance. This study indicates that a small sign like “~” may enhance the effectiveness of language expression in social media and the need to embrace the dynamic and variety of language study.

Illocutionary Acts Of The 100 Covid-19 Health Protocol Campaign Posters On Facebook Status Updates (A Netnographic Study)

This study aims to identify the types of illocutionary speech acts contained in 100 poster designs containing appeals for the prevention of Covid-19 and the application of health protocols posted on social media Facebook. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by applying the data collection techniques of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, namely data condensation, data display, and conclusion. This study uses Searle's theory of illocutionary speech acts to analyze the collected data. The theory includes the types of illocutionary speech acts, namely directive, assertive, expressive, commissive, and declarative. The results of this study indicate that of the 100 poster designs analyzed, there were 64 posters containing directive speech acts, 27 posters containing assertive speech acts, 8 posters containing expressive speech acts, and 1 poster containing commissive speech acts. The large number of posters containing declarative speech acts indicates that the poster is aimed at hearers or audiences to do or carry out something related to the prevention of Covid-19 and the application of strict health protocols. This is in line with the purpose of the poster, which is persuasive, which means it can influence people who see or read it.

‘To Name the Unnameable is a Curse’: Silence as an Enunciation of Trauma in Yvonne Owuor’s Dust (2014) and The Dragonfly Sea (2019)

Various studies have interrogated the language of silence as a powerful tool of communication. This paper adds to such studies by interrogating silence as an enunciation of trauma in Yvonne Owuor’s texts Dust (2014) and The Dragonfly Sea (2019). Focusing on the characters of Akai and Ajany in Dust and Munira and Ayaana in The Dragonfly Sea, this paper is a critical interrogation of how these characters use silence to narrate their traumas. The characters under interrogation embody silence as the language of trauma in this postcolonial nation. They seem plagued by the memories of the traumatic experiences they undergo and this hinders their ability to use speech to articulate their pain. The paper starts with an introduction that covers an overview of related literature and then goes on to explore the binaries between lack of verbal speech, oppression, resistance, and trauma as espoused by the female characters. This paper also analyses the depiction of violence and silencing of the female characters by the men in their lives and on a larger scale, the silence enforced by state machineries and its metaphoric function in this post-independent country. Therefore, interpreting silence offers a multiplicity of meanings and different layers and convergences of meanings upon which it may be interpreted. It also discusses breaking that silence, a signifier of healing. The study is based on Literary Trauma Theory and trauma theory tenets as advanced by the following trauma theorists: Cathy Caruth, Dominic LaCapra, Judith Herman, Maria Root, Alan Gibbs, and Laura Brown

An Analysis of Speech Acts in Aesop’s Fables

This study aims at analyzing ten fables of Aesop (the Greek fabulist and storyteller) within the framework of speech act theory to investigate and find out what kind of speech acts are available in the fables. Another purpose of this study is to know to what extent the selected fables are mirrored in the speech act theory. Through the analysis of this study, the researchers have arrived at some findings: the fables included assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative speech acts. Based on the results and data analysis, it has been concluded that the speech act is applicable to the analysis of the fables as they are everyday conversations.

Non-Verbal Communication and Respect in Kurdish Social Situations with Reference to English

Communication can have different forms by different people in diverse ages. Communication can be generally verbal and non- verbal. Non- verbal communication is any gesture or action used by people to show many functions of language, being informative, directive, interpersonal, aesthetic, etc. This study is an attempt to investigate this means of communication in terms of politeness both pragmatically and sociolinguistically in the Kurdish social situations. Despite of the scarce pragmatic and sociolinguistic attention to politeness in non- verbal communication in the Kurdish community, this means of communication is of vital importance in this culture due to its inferential influence on politeness and expression of respect. People can show respect to others by some gestures and traditional practices without stating any polite expression verbally. The non- verbal cues like gestures and actions can be socially normalized ones and/or be institutional. After conducting focus group discussions with the Kurdish native speakers and analyzing the data primarily qualitatively, the study revealed that there is a direct relationship between respect and non- verbal communication, the cultural practices and gestures employed by the Kurdish informants are being socially conventional in the Kurdish community. Despite of the great impact of non- verbal cues on communication, the majority of the informants preferred to use verbal communication in terms of sending the message intended, the perception, i.e. understanding of the message got almost similar voices for receiving the message of communication as visualized the bar graphs in the analysis section. Expressive speech acts like, greetings; thanking, congratulating, etc. related to politeness can be saliently conveyed non- verbally. The rituals and gestures practiced by the Kurdish community are almost fixed and used similarly by all individuals.

Speech Acts Analysis Used in Jac Schaeffer’s Wandavision

This research is pragmatic approach study an analysis of speech act used in Jac Schaeffer's Wandavision. The objectives of this researcher are to find out the types of illocutionary acts are performed by all the characters utterance, and to find out the types of illocutionary act dominantly used in Jac Schaeffer's wandavision. The researcher used descriptive-qualitative method to describe and analyze the selected of illocutionary acts which are watching movie and then classifies them according to George Yule’s and Yan Huang's concept types of illocutionary acts. Technique of collecting the data are (1) downloading the movie and movie script of Jac Schaffer’s Wandavision, (2) watching the movie while correcting the script based on the movie (3) taking notes which types of speech act were used in it (4) groups the speech act that occur based on Searle’s and Huang’s theory about speech act. The researcher used descriptive analysis which focus on classifying the types of illocutionary acts and the types of illocutionary acts used in Jac Schaeffer’s Wandavision carried out by all the character. 
 The researcher found 165 speech acts in all episodes of the Wandavision series, namely 33 representative speech acts, 17 commissive speech acts, 79 directive speech acts , 3 declarative speech acts, and 33 expressive speech acts. The most dominantly used type of illocutionary act in Wandavision series is directive speech act consisting of 79 utterances with percentage of 47.88%.

A corpus-based pragmatic analysis of Jordanians Facebook status updates during COVID-19

This study investigates the communicative functions of status updates on Facebook during COVID-19. For this purpose, a corpus of 500 status updates was collected from 100 Facebook users for 90 consecutive days. Subsequently, the data were characterized into five speech acts drawing heavily on Searle's speech act framework, prominent among which are expressives and assertives. Data analysis revealed that status updates could be considered a substantial medium for understanding intended human communication. Various types of speech acts were used with different frequencies and percentages, although people were inclined mostly to use expressive speech acts. The sociocultural variations in conjunction with forming and constructing identities were reflected in the status updates manifested in the current situation of the pandemic, which makes Jordanians appear more humorous than before. This research is significant because studying aspects of a language helps in understanding the hidden motivations, beliefs, ideas, attitudes and identities along with the social, cultural, and political factors, which in turn provides logical solutions for certain problems.

<p>Promoting Communication for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Family-centered Music Therapy Intervention</p>

Introduction. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a continuum of traits that may negatively affect social and emotional competencies of individuals, including challenges in their engagement abilities, possible limitations in reciprocal interactions, and inflexibility in initiating and sustaining communication. Such challenges may affect language development and speech acquisition. Considering their importance, this study explored the impact of a family-centered, music therapy intervention to promote preverbal and verbal communication skills of young children with ASD during parent–child, music engagement episodes. Method. A mixed-methods design was implemented to gather data on the children’s preverbal and verbal communication abilities (pre-and-post intervention data collection) and on each dyad’s musical interactions during a 16-week music therapy intervention. Quantitative outcome measures included children’s scores on the Pragmatics Profile of Everyday Communication Skills (PPECS) and the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile (CSBSDP), to assess children’s communication, expressive speech, and symbolic behavior over time. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, logs, and journaling. Results. Reports from the families corroborate with quantitative results regarding changes on the children’s communication abilities after the intervention. Discussion and Conclusion. Collectively, the current study provides evidence on the potential of using music therapy interventions within a family-centered approach to enhance young children’s preverbal and verbal communication skills.

Beyond a Lush Life: Representation and Performativity at America's [Only] Queer Jazz Festival

Beyond a Lush Life: Representation and Performativity at America's [Only] Queer Jazz Festival

Exclamatives as means of exhibiting emotions in Henry James’s Washington Square: Pragmatic aspect

Abstract The article aims to analyse exclamatives as means of expressing emotions in dialogical discourse through the Speech Acts Theory. In particular, it dwells upon the representation of the Universal Emotion by the sub-classes of speech acts on the material of Henry James’s Washington Square. For this purpose, a structural-semantic analysis, a speech acts analysis, an intentional analysis, and a statistical analysis were used in the research. The results established pragmatic regularities of using the exclamatives in the course of communication in the novel. Thus, emotions play an essential role in constructing the character’s individual features, each of them having his/her predominant emotion. In addition, the statistical analysis showed that the majority of the analysed exclamatives are used to express the emotions of anger, joy, and sadness, which are construed predominantly by expressive and representative speech acts.

Distance Semiotic Mediation through Orchestration Using a Video Conferencing System and Dynamic Geometry Software

In this study, we investigated the semiotic mediation process in an online class using both Zoom, a video conferencing system (VCS), and GeoGebra, a dynamic geometry software (DGS). We focused on the process by which students produced and shared their personal signs in various modalities and the instructional interventions in which the teacher used technologies to facilitate students’ semiotic activities. The findings show that teachers’ orchestration of a VCS and DGS support the distance mathematical communication of students through the production and sharing of multimodal semiotic resources. Students engaged in embodied interaction by sharing use not only verbal language but also non-verbal signs, such as dragging objects and mouse gestures. The collective production of multimodal semiotic bundles and the silent participation exclusively through gestures and diagramming without verbal utterances were also observed. Our case study provides examples of ways to tackle the rapidly changing mathematics education environment through distance semiotic mediation by orchestrating multiple technologies.