Vera Extract Research Articles

Green Synthesis and Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity and Compressive Resilience of Glass Ionomer Cement Modified With Zirconia Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study.

Background Glass ionomer cement (GIC) serves as a crucial biomaterial in dental restoration, offering applications in filling, lining, and adhesive procedures. Nevertheless, its mechanical properties often fall short, particularly in regions subjected to considerable stress. To address this issue, zirconia nanoparticles are incorporated at specific levels. Aim To assess the antimicrobial efficacy and compressive resilience of GIC modified with zirconia nanoparticles synthesized through green synthesis methods. Material and methods Zirconia nanoparticles were synthesized via a green method utilizing aloe vera extract in solvent form. These nanoparticles were then mixed into GIC at different concentration levels. Group I incorporated zirconia nanoparticles at a concentration of 3%, Group II at 5%, and Group III at 10%, while Group IV was the control, consisting of traditional GIC. Following that, samples were prepared and underwent characterization through various analytical techniques. The ability to inhibit microbial growth and the compressive resilience of the groups were examined. Microbial inhibition against the bacterial strains was assessed through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the ability to withstand compression was gauged by measuring the maximum force the specimen could endure before fracturing. Data underwent analysis with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Version 24.0, Armonk, NY). Repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to gauge average MIC values and compressive strength. Following this, Tukey's post hoc test was employed for pairwise comparisons. Results The findingsindicated, incorporating zirconia nanoparticles into GIC led to an improvement in its antimicrobial effectiveness, with a noticeable enhancement observed as the weight percent (% wt) of the additive increased. This improvement was notably noticeable in its effectiveness against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus, exceeding that of the control with a noteworthy distinction. Furthermore, there were significant enhancements in compressive strength, in Group I (180.48 ± 1.02), Group II (191.25 ± 0.52), and Group III (197.52 ± 0.75), compared to Group IV (167.22 ± 1.235), with significant disparities (p < 0.05). Conclusion The research illustrates that introducing green-synthesized zirconia nanoparticles into GIC leads to heightened bactericidal potency and compressive resilience when contrasted with the control group (Group IV). Notably, the highest concentration of 10% demonstrated the most favourable antimicrobial attributes alongside enhanced strength. Consequently, integrating green-synthesized zirconia nanoparticles into GIC holds potential as a proficientmaterial. In future studies, there should be an exploration of molecular chemistry and bonding mechanisms to enhance our comprehension of its capabilities.

Bio-ultrasonic synthesis of tin oxide quantum dots: effect of bio-carbon and their UV photocatalytic activity

An ecofriendly synthesis is realized to elaborate tin oxide quantum dots (SnO2 -QDs) using the plant aqueous extract of Aloe Barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) and SnCl4.5H2O at room temperature as a biological solvent and a precursor respectively. The effect of Aloe Vera extract concentration on the properties of SnO2-QDs has been studied. Morphological and structural properties of the as synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized using field effect-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The chemical composition of the nanoparticles was studied by Raman, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and Fourier transformation infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The optical properties were investigated by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The x-ray diffraction analysis showed that all samples have a tetragonal rutile structure, with an estimated crystal size closed to the exciton Bohr radius, indicating a strong confinement of the carriers in the material. The crystallite size of SnO2-QDs nanoparticles decreases as Aloe Vera plant extract concentration increases. The formation of SnO2-QDs and the presence of graphitic carbon in samples were confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, EDX analysis and Fourier transformation infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The blue shift in absorption is the most likely due to the quantum confinement effect. An Ostwald-repining growth model based on the concept of surface energy has been proposed to explain the kinetic growth of SnO2 QDs. The photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared powders were confirmed by the fast and efficient degradation of methylene blue (MB).

Formulation and evaluation of antifungal herbal gel using Aloe Vera and Betel leaves extract for the treatment of candidiasis

The primary objective of the current study was to develop and evaluate an antifungal herbal gel for the treatment of candidiasis using an extract from aloe vera and betel leaves. Herbal remedies are now widely used for both medicinal and commercial reasons. The antibacterial gel made from herbal plants works better than synthetic medications and has fewer side effects. Aloe vera belongs to the Asphodelaceae family, which also includes Aloe barbadensis. One species in the Piper betle L. family of Piperaceae is the betel leaf. Aloe vera and betel leaf products, such as plant branches, roots, and leaves, have also been shown to be abundant in phytochemicals. The most popular herbs for treating fungus infections are aloe vera and betel leaves, which also contain potent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract was prepared by the maceration method. Carbopol 940 was used as a gelling agent to create the gel formulation. Candida albicans has been used to test its antifungal properties. Evaluation:The pH, viscosity, homogeneity, grittiness, extrudability, spreadability, antifungal activity and in vitro drug release research were assessed for the optimally designed herbal gel. Results:In comparison to marketed 1% clotrimazole gel 25 mm and marketed herbal gel 20 mm, the aloe vera and betelleaf extract herbal gel (S4 Batch) was found to be brown in color, homogenous, had good extrudability, no grittiness, pH 6.8, viscosity of 3424±0.45, spreadability of 4.3±0.3, and zone of inhibition of 23 mm. After being stored for 60 days, the herbal gel mixture, including extracts of aloe vera, tulsi, and peppermint leaves, did not alter in appearance. The pH has not changed in two months.

HERBAL SUNSCREEN DEVELOPMENT: SPF, ANTIOXIDANTS, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Introduction: The effective sun protection amidst growing concerns about UV radiation’s impact on skin health, the integration of ancient herbal wisdom with modern scientific advancements has gained prominence. This convergence has led to a renewed interest in herbal skincare formulations as lternatives to conventional sunscreens. Rooted in centuries-old medicinal practices, herbal remedies offer a promising avenue for shielding the skin from UV damage while nourishing it with botanical benefits. Objective: This study aims to develop herbal sunscreen creams enriched with polyphenols from Lemon, Tomato, and Aloe vera, evaluate their SPF, assess antioxidant activity, and compare their efficacy with commercial formulations, offering insights into their potential as natural sun protection alternatives. Materials and Methods: The study utilized Lemon (Citrus limon), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) extracts as primary ingredients. Extraction methods were employed to obtain bioactive compounds from each plant, followed by phytochemical screening to identify their chemical constituents. The sunscreen formulations were prepared by combining these extracts with excipients such as cetostearyl alcohol, stearic acid, and carbopol. Various physical parameters, SPF values, and antioxidant activity were evaluated to assess the formulations’ efficacy and stability. Results: Extraction yielded 0.98g, 1.85g, and 1.57g of extracts per 100g of raw material for Lemon, Tomato, and Aloe vera, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed distinct profiles of bioactive compounds in each extract. Formulation development resulted in three sunscreen formulations, each containing different proportions of plant extracts and excipients. SPF determination showed that Formulation 3 exhibited the highest SPF value, indicating superior protection against UV radiation compared to the other formulations. Conclusion: The research demonstrates the potential of herbal sunscreen formulations in providing effective sun protection while harnessing the antioxidant properties of botanical extracts. The formulations exhibited desirable physical characteristics and significant SPF values, highlighting their promise as natural alternatives to conventional sunscreens. Further refinement and optimization could enhance their efficacy and stability, positioning them as compelling options in skincare and sun protection.

Coordination of bioactive phytochemicals from Aloe vera extracts to metal ions; investigation of the metal complexes and bioactive compound formed.

The bioactive compounds contained within many plants account for their pharmacological values. Aloe vera has a wide range of organic and inorganic components, including carbohydrate polymers, glucomannans, and a variety of other natural and synthetic materials. The study aims to take a look into the characteristics of some metal complexes produced from Aloe vera extracts. The extracts from Aloe vera were derived by means of acetone, distilled water and ethanol. The solubility of the metal complexes with the ligand at varying temperatures was established. FT-IR was used to carry out the infra-red examination of the ligand. The results revealed that alcoholic extract of Aloe vera leaf was not soluble in Cu, Fe, or Zn but only soluble in Fe, the extract by distilled water was soluble in Cu, Fe and Zn. However, the Aloe vera in acetone as well as in the Zn (II) and Cu (II) composites displayed a bending that was found at 1430.97cm-1, 1500.01cm-1 and 1615.90cm-1.every functional groups are assigned to be coordinating sites as a result of increase or decrease in the wave number, and absorption band. Findings from the investigation reveal that the complexion of the metal salts with diverse donor sites in the extract is indicated by an increase in the absorption peak of the functional groups in the metal composites of the extracts.

Development of an HPLC-UV method for the simultaneous determination of allantoin and D-panthenol in cosmetic products containing Aloe vera extracts

AbstractA simple, fast and selective analytical method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of allantoin and D-panthenol in cosmetic products containing Aloe vera extracts. The proposed method depends on reversed-phase liquid chromatography with isocratic flow profile of the mobile phase composed of acetonitrile–10 mM phosphoric acid (pH 2.5) (85:15, v/v), with a C18 column at 30 °C. The analytes were detected with UV–vis. detector at 210 nm. The injection volume was 20 μL. The linearity ranges were found to be 0.2–20 and 0.1–10 μg mL−1 for allantoin and D-panthenol, respectively. LOD values were found to be 0.07 μg mL−1 and 0.03 μg mL−1, LOQ values were found to be 0.2 and 0.1 μg mL−1 for allantoin and D-panthenol, respectively. No interference was observed from concomitants. The developed method was applied to the analysis of 10 different type cosmetic products. It is foreseen that the method will be able to be used in order to carry out routine analysis, quality control and standardization in cosmetic products containing allantoin and D-panthenol.

Herbal Innovations in Candidiasis Management: A Comprehensive Review of Aloe Vera and Betel Leaf Extract Based Antifungal Gel

Candidiasis is the most prevalent fungal infection in people, and it is caused by C. albicans, both primary and secondary. Herbal medications are still the backbone of around 75-80% of the world's population, primarily in poor countries, for basic health care due to superior cultural acceptance, compatibility with the human body, and less adverse effects. herbal medicines are made from plants or plant parts and are used to cure injuries, diseases, and illnesses, as well as to promote health and healing. Plant-based medicinal products have a vital part in the healthcare of the remaining 20% of the population, who primarily live in developed nations. Aloe vera (Sanskrit Ghritakumari, Kumara; Hindi-Guarpatha, Ghikanvar) is a herb often known as the "medicinal plant" due to its numerous therapeutic characteristics. Aloe vera, botanically known as Aloe barbadensis Miller, is a member of the lily family. Aloe products are quite popular on the market and are extensively utilized in the skin care, cosmetics, medical, healthcare, and food industries. We are now employing piper betel leaf, commonly known as betel leaf (khaupan). Ayurvedic medicine from ancient India cites various medicinal advantages, including its antifungal properties. Candidiasis is the most prevalent fungal infection in people, and it is caused by C. albicans, both primary and secondary “Abstract” is a necessary section in a research paper. It may be constructed by gathering main points (summary) from each section of the research paper.

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Microorganisms from Port Harcourt Correctional Center, Rivers State Nigeria

Correctional centers have been reported to be associated with several conditions predisposing inmates to health challenges as a result of exposure to disease causing microbial population. This study therefore targeted the Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Microorganisms from Port Harcourt Correctional Center, Rivers State Nigeria. A total of 150 samples (100 from skin (upper arm) and 50 from wall surfaces) were collected using sterile swab sticks and immediately transported to Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Rivers State University for analyses, using standard microbiological techniques. Molecular characterization was done using Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) and subjected to gene sequencing. The Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. Well in agar method was used to assess the susceptibility of the isolates to honey and Aloe Vera extract. The study revealed that 100% of all the bacterial isolates were resistant to Meropenem, Vancomycin, cefuroxime, and Ceftazidine, while 90% of the bacterial isolates were susceptible to Gentamicin, Cepftriaxone, Erythromycin, and Ciproflozaxine. Data showed the MAR index ranged from 0.3 to 0.8. Statistical analysis revealed there were no significant differences in the mean values of data obtained from the animate and inanimate surfaces (p &gt; 0.05). Molecular identification confirmed the isolates to be Kocuria palustris, Serretia liquefaciens, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus feacalis, Bacillus flexus, and Aspergillus niger. The results revealed that honey was more effective (100%) than Aloe Vera extract which inhibited only one of the Escherichia coli isolates. The study displayed the antimicrobial effect of honey against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial isolates. While adequate personal hygiene, proper sanitation, and spaced room should be encouraged, honey can be used in correctional centers to control bacterial skin infections.

Antimicrobial Properties of Aloe vera Ethanol Extract as a Denture Disinfectant: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of an ethanolic extract of Aloe vera on Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and methods A total of 42 heat-cured acrylic resin specimens were made and divided into three groups according to the disinfection method: (1) Corega disinfectant tablets; (2) ethanol extract of Aloe vera; and (3) distilled water (as a control group). Fresh Aloe vera whole leaves were washed with distilled water, chopped into small pieces, air-dried, and ground into powder. The powder was extracted with 95% ethanol. The acrylic specimens were contaminated with C. albicans and S. aureus, and then the specimens were immersed in study solutions for three minutes. The viable colonies were counted using the colony-forming units (CFU) method. Results The results showed a decrease in the number of C. albicans CFU for denture tablets and Aloe vera ethanoic extract groups compared to the negative control group. There were no significant statistical differences between the denture tablet group and the Aloe vera ethanolic extract group (P < 0.05). Aloe vera ethanolic extract groups significantly decreased the number of S. aureus CFU compared to the negative control group and less compared to the denture tablet, where significant statistical differences were found between the tablet group and the Aloe vera ethanolic extract group. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that Aloe vera extract was effective against C. albicans and S. aureus when acrylic resin specimens were immersed for three minutes.

Fabrication of sustainable, antioxidant, and antibacterial PVA nanomembranes loaded with plant extracts for dermal applications

Nanotechnology is unfolding its enormous abilities due to its unique attributes, such as large surface area, increased entrapment sites, and high surface energy. Similarly, nanotechnology-based products are replacing conventional ones due to their superior effectiveness. We have developed a dry, biocompatible, anti-oxidative, and antibacterial electrospun nanomembranes loaded with Cucumber (C. Sativus) and Aloe vera (A.B Miller) extract into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that can be utilized as dermal/skin patch. Various physiochemical characterizations are performed, such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), drug release, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity on the developed membranes to ensure their productivity. Optimal nanofiber diameters were determined to be 396 nm and 371 nm at 8% wt./wt. and 100% extract concentration. The average particle size of extracts was 155 & 177 nm, as determined by the Zeta sizer. The hydrophilicity of all developed nanomembranes is confirmed by having a water contact angle (WCA) of <60° and water absorption exceeding 550%. In addition, the nanomembranes exhibit burst drug release of > 72%, excellent biocompatibility, up to 92.8% cell viability, 86% anti-oxidative activity, and 99.8% effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. Lastly, nanomembranes can withstand a tensile strength of 53.88 N, an elongation of 1.72%, and an air permeability of 16.98 mm/sec, making them an ideal choice for multipurpose cosmetic/skin patches.

Eco-friendly synthesis of novel magnesium oxide nanomaterials for dye degradation, battery, and sensor applications

Nowadays green synthesis is being incorporated into various technological fields to achieve more sustainable and environmentally friendly processes. By reducing the use of hazardous chemicals, minimizing waste generation, and utilizing renewable resources, green synthesis offers potential solutions to address environmental concerns and promote sustainable development in technology sectors. Herein we demonstrate an environmentally friendly green approach for the fabrication of MgO nanoparticles by using various fruit extracts. In this current study, watermelon, Aloe vera, and Jamun fruit extracts are used as fuel for the synthesis of MgO nanomaterials. Prepared materials were characterized by various characterization techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrate the porous nature of the material and the Diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) reveals the energy gap (4.8–4.9 eV) of the material. Photocatalytic degradation of Direct Green (DG) dye was evaluated under UV light irradiation and the catalyst prepared via jamun fuel (MgO-J) exhibited excellent catalytic activity at 84% for the degradation of DG dye under UV light and better electrochemical behavior as an electrode material compared to other prepared materials. This present work demonstrates a highly efficient eco-friendly route to synthesize MgO nanoparticles for multifunctional applications and also encourages sustainable development in technology areas.

Optimization and evaluation of the physical stability of shampoo preparations containing virgin coconut oil and aloe vera extract

Background: Hair is crucial for both aesthetic appearance and protection against sun damage. Shampoo is vital in hair care, often formulated with natural ingredients to enhance its effectiveness. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) and aloe vera extract are two ingredients known for their roles as moisturizers and conditioners, as well as nutrients and emollients. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate and optimize the stability and physical characteristics of shampoo containing VCO and aloe vera. Methods: The primary surfactant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), was tested in concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%. The shampoos were prepared using an emulsification method and were evaluated based on organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, specific gravity, and viscosity. The formula that met all Indonesia National Standard (SNI) requirements was selected for further testing, including a cycling test to assess stability. Results: The findings indicate that the formula 5 (F5) containing 10% sodium lauryl sulfate exhibited optimal physical characteristics. Throughout six rounds of cycling tests, no phase separation was observed in F5, underscoring its stability. Conclusion: The optimized shampoo formula containing VCO and aloe vera (F5) demonstrated compliance with the required physical characteristics and stability standards. This formula presents a viable option for effective hair care, combining the beneficial properties of its natural ingredients with chemical stability.

The Optimization of Cream Body Scrub with Black Rice Extract and Aloe Vera Extract

Black sticky rice has a fairly high antioxidant. Black Sticky Rice Contains Vitamin B1, magnesium, iron and protein. It is can help maintain skin health and make skin look brighter. Aloe vera extract contains saponins contained in aloe vera gel can clean dirt from the skin. In addition, aloe vera also contains vitamin E which can potentially moisturize the skin. This study aims to designing formulas body scrub with herb black sticky rice and aloe vera extract and observe physical characteristics and physical stability for 3 months. Physical characteristic evalusion includes homogeneity test, organoleptis test, pH test, dispersion test and viscosity test. The stability test was carried out for 3 months of storage at room temperature and 40°C. The results showed that body scrub cream with black sticky rice and aloe vera extract on F2 was the most optimal formula and stable during storage of 90 days or 3 months.

Bioactive and biodegradable cotton fabrics produced via synergic effect of plant extracts and essential oils in chitosan coating system

Functional antibacterial textile materials are in great demand in the medical sector. In this paper, we propose a facile, eco-friendly approach to the design of antibacterial biodegradable cotton fabrics. Cotton fiber fabrics were enhanced with a chitosan coating loaded with plant extracts and essential oils. We employed Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–Vis spectrophotometry, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to characterize the color, structure, and thermal properties of the modified fabrics. The fabrics were found to effectively induce growth inhibition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, especially when a synergic system of aloe vera extract and cinnamon essential oil was applied in the coating formulation. Additionally, we observed significant color and weight changes after 5, 10, and 20 days in soil biodegradability tests. Given the straightforward modification process and the use of non-toxic natural materials, these innovative bio-based and biodegradable cotton fabrics show great promise as protective antimicrobial textiles for healthcare applications.

A biostimulant complex comprising molasses, Aloe vera extract, and fish-hydrolysate enhances yield, aroma, and functional food value of strawberry fruit

Strawberry is a popular functional food due to the presence of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals. Enhancing this functional food value is an opportunity to improve consumer health, but strategies to do so cannot compromise yield or organoleptic properties, which are highest priorities for farmers and consumer, respectively. One promising strategy is the supplementation of fertiliser regimens with biostimulants, which are non-nutritive substances associated with species-specific improvements to crop growth, yield, and quality. Accordingly, the impacts of a biostimulant complex (BC) containing molasses, Aloe vera extract, and fish-hydrolysate is characterised herein for its potential to impact strawberry growth, yield, quality, and functional food value. Results indicated that BC treatment significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) plant biomass and canopy area (growth), total fruit count and weight per plant (yield), fruit aroma and colour (quality), and antioxidant potential (functional food value). The results presented highlight the potential utility of biostimulants to the strawberry sphere, providing a strategy to enhance the fruit to the benefit of both farmers and consumers.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Inhibitory Activity of Aloe vera plant Extract (Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria) Against the Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Diarrhea Infections

The current study aimed to isolate bacterial species from people suffering from diarrhea, diagnose them, and prepare the aqueous extract of Aloe vera plant, and ferment it by the locally-isolated Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria, and determining the presence of phenolic compounds before and after fermentation.The antioxidant activity was estimated using the FRAP method and the inhibitory activity against bacterial isolates causing diarrhea was also determined. The results showed that the pathogenic bacterial species causing diarrhea were Salmonella, E. coli. Shigella and Proteus.The lactobacillus bacteria isolated and diagnosed from local dairy samples was Lactobacillus plantarum that was used to ferment Aloe vera plant extract. The types of phenolic compounds identified and estimated in Aloe Vera extract were Chlorogenic acid, Caffiec acid, Cinnamic acid, Gallic acid, Coumaric acid, Vitexin and Syringic acid.The highest antioxidant activity was (48), which was found to be after fermentation, compared to its value before fermentation, which was (39). It was also shown that the highest inhibitory activity efficiency of the fermented Aloe vera extract was against pathogenic isolates from Non-fermented extrac

Synergetic Effects of Aloe Vera Extract with Trimethylglycine for Targeted Aquaporin 3 Regulation and Long-Term Skin Hydration.

Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) channels are tetrameric membrane-bound channels that facilitate the transport of water and other small solutes across cell membranes in the skin. Decreased AQP3 expression is associated with skin dryness, skin aging, psoriasis, and delayed wound healing. Thus, our study focused on a novel combination based on Aloe barbadensis leaf extract and trimethylglycine for targeted AQP3 regulation in skin keratinocytes and deep skin moisturization. Firstly, a dose-finding cytotoxicity assay of the selected substances was performed with a 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) indicator on HaCaT cells. The substances' ability to increase the amount of AQP3 in keratinocytes was evaluated in a keratinocyte cell culture by means of ELISA. Additionally, the deep skin hydration effect was confirmed in clinical research with healthy volunteers. According to the results, the maximum tolerated doses providing viability at 70% (MTDs) values for Aloe barbadensis leaf extract and trimethylglycine were 24.50% and 39.00%, respectively. Following the research and development, a complex based on Aloe barbadensis leaf extract and trimethylglycine in a 1:1 mass ratio exhibited a good cytotoxicity profile, with an MTDs value of 37.90%. Furthermore, it was shown that the combination had a clear synergetic effect and significantly increased AQP3 by up to 380% compared to the negative control and glyceryl glucoside (p < 0.001). It was clinically confirmed that the developed shower gel containing Aloe barbadensis leaf extract and trimethylglycine safely improved skin hydration after one use and over 28 days. Thus, this novel plant-based combination has promising potential for AQP3 regulation in the skin epidermis and a role in the development of dermatological drugs for the treatment of skin xerosis and atopic-related conditions.

Comparison of Organic Liquid Soap Made from Papaya-Turmeric and Aloe Vera-Piper Betel

&lt;p&gt;In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the imperative to mitigate pathogen transmission has catalyzed the innovation of soaps imbued with antimicrobial and antibacterial properties. Diverging from conventional reliance on synthetic chemicals, often associated with adverse dermatological reactions, this study explores the formulation of organic liquid soaps. These soaps leverage naturally occurring antibacterial and antimicrobial compounds from readily accessible plants, presenting a viable alternative to commercially available inorganic body washes predominantly manufactured by small to medium-sized enterprises. Specifically, this research harnesses papaya and aloe vera extracts for their antimicrobial attributes, augmented with turmeric and piper betel for enhanced antibacterial efficacy. Despite the recognized potency of turmeric and piper betel, variability in their effectiveness necessitates rigorous validation against the Indonesian National Standards (SNI) to ensure product quality and safety. This includes comprehensive evaluations of pH levels, density, Total Plate Count (TPC), and Mold and Yeast Count (MYC) to certify the soap's inhibitory capacity against bacterial and fungal proliferation. Employing maceration and hot processing techniques, the formulated papaya-based soap adhered to SNI 4085:2017 criteria for pH and MYC, although initially failing the TPC test. Subsequent incorporation of turmeric extract facilitated compliance with all SNI benchmarks. Conversely, aloe vera formulations only satisfied pH requirements under the SNI, even after adding piper betel. However, substituting piper betel with turmeric extract enabled the aloe vera soap to fulfill the requisite SNI parameters. These findings underscore turmeric extract's superior antibacterial properties, positioning it as a pivotal component in papaya and aloe vera soap formulations. Contrary to prevalent assumptions regarding piper betel's antimicrobial and antibacterial effectiveness, our investigation substantiates turmeric's superior role in bacterial growth inhibition within organic soap matrices.&lt;/p&gt;

Evaluation of immunomodulatory effect of aqueous extract of aloe vera in Wistar albino rat models

Aim of the study wasto evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of Aqueous extracts of Aloe vera in Wistar albino rats using humoral immune response (antibody titre), a cellular immune response, and a neutrophil adhesion test after oral administration. : 24 healthy Wistar albino rats of either sex were divided into 4 different groups containing 6 rats for each immunomodulatory model. Group I ,the control group received gum acacia suspended in normal saline; Group II rats were treated with dexamethasone (1 mg/kg bw)whereas Groups III &amp; IV received AloeVera aqueous extract at a dose of 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, respectively. Each rat was antigenically challenged by injecting 0.1 ml of 0.5 × 10 SRBCs (suspended in normal saline) intraperitoneally. The study of humoral immune response was seen by measurement of antibody titre obtained on 20 day (7 day of Ag challenge) and 27 day (14 day of challenge) with sRBC considered the primary and secondary humoral immune response, respectively. For the cellular immune response, foot pad edema was calculated due to a hypersensitivity reaction after injection of sRBC into the .rat hind paw. A test of neutrophil adhesion is used to evaluate immunomodulatory activity. Aloe vera aqueous extracts at 250 mg/kg significantly improved a significant increase in paw edema volume indicated increased cell-mediated immunity, and elevated Ab titre on the 20th and 27th days served as a marker of increased humoral immune response. Additionally, AVE 250 mg/kg caused an increase in neutrophil adhesion, demonstrating its immunomodulatory effects. Aloe vera aqueous extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kg demonstrated immunomodulatory activity in a model using Wistar albino rats.Aloe vera extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg significantly increased hemagglutination antibody titers compared to the control group, indicating enhanced humoral immunity. This study demonstrates the immunostimulant properties of orally administered Aloe vera aqueous extract in Wistar albino rats. The extract increased antibody production, enhanced cell-mediated immunity, and improved neutrophil function. These findings support the potential of Aloe vera as a natural immunomodulator and warrant further exploration of its therapeutic applications.

Effect of edible coating containing Aloe vera extracts on the oxidative stability and quality parameters of cooked ground chicken meat

This study investigated the impact of incorporating Aloe vera gel (AVG) and Aloe vera leaf skin (AVLS) extracts into edible coating (EC) on retarding lipid oxidation and enhancing the quality characteristics of cooked ground chicken meat during 14 days of storage at 4 °C. The results indicated that both AVG and AVLS extracts had a similar amount of total phenolic contents. EC application resulted in a decrease in pH values, and an increase in aw values. The addition of 2% AVG or AVLS extracts into EC formulation also decreased TBARS and ORP values. Although textural properties were not affected by EC application containing AVG or AVLS extracts, this application retarded L*, a*, and b* color values. The results indicated that Aloe vera extracts may be incorporated into EC by processors to improve lipid oxidation inhibition and maintain the quality characteristics of poultry meat products during refrigerated storage.