Vacuum Hot-pressing Sintering Research Articles

Mechanical properties and first-principle calculation investigation of ZrHfNbTa series refractory high entropy alloys prepared by a combined process

ABSTRACT Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) are widely used in aerospace engine, gas turbine high-temperature components, capacitors and catalysis. The study presents a combined process for preparing ZrHfNbTa series RHEAs. HEAs powders were prepared from metal oxide by molten salt electro-deoxidation process, and the bulk HEAs were prepared by vacuum hot-pressing sintering process. The study aimed to explore the alloying mechanism of mixed metal oxide in molten salt electro-deoxidation process to optimise the properties. The hardness and wear resistance of the bulk alloy were tested. The test results show that the hardness of ZrHfNbTa and VZrHfNbTa bulk RHEAs prepared by this process is 1251 and 1603 HV. According to the friction surface characterisation of bulk alloy, VZrHfNbTa HEA has better wear resistance than ZrHfNbTa. Based on the first-principle calculation results, the doping of V element produces a strong hybridisation of electron orbitals in RHEAs, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties of RHEAs.

Mechanical properties of CoCrFeNi-X (X = Ti,Sn) high entropy alloy and tribological properties in simulated seawater environment

Five multimajor element CoCrFeNi-X(X = Ti,Sn) high entropy alloys (HEA) were prepared by vacuum hot press sintering. The phase composition, mechanical properties and tribological properties of CoCrFeNi-X(X = Ti,Sn) alloys in simulated seawater were investigated. The phase structure of CoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy is solid solution FCC phase, R phase, σ phase, and Laves phase. But after addition Sn elements, the phase structure become the FCC phase and Ni-Sn solid solution phase. CoCrFeNiTi alloy has lower density (7.17 g/cm3) and higher hardness (750 HV) than that of CoCrFeNiSn. The compressive yield strength of CoCrFeNiTi HEA is better than CoCrFeNiSn HEA. The CoCrFeNiSn high-entropy alloys showed lower wear rates. The main reason is that SnO2 is generated on the wear scar surface, which has good wetting and corrosion inhibition effects, so CoCrFeNiSn HEA shows better wear resistance in simulated seawater. The main wear mechanism of the CoCrFeNiSn HEA is abrasive wear, oxidative wear, exfoliation wear and corrosive wear.

Effect of tungsten carbide interface decoration on thermal and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper matrix composites

The use of carbon fiber (CF)/copper (Cu) composites as thermal management materials shows significant promise. However, inadequate interface bonding hinders their thermal properties. This study introduces a novel method to create tungsten carbide–coated CFs (CF(WC)) using the molten salt method. These coated fibers are then used to develop a CF(WC)/Cu composite through vacuum hot-pressing sintering. Results reveal that the WC coating, formed at 1100 ℃ for 60min with a tungsten trioxide/CF molar ratio of 1/10, is continuous, crack-free, and has an appropriate thickness. The WC coating facilitates excellent interface bonding between Cu and CF, thus effectively improving the initial poor interface bonding. With similar 50% fiber content, the CF(WC)/Cu composite exhibits better thermal and mechanical properties than the CF/Cu composite. The in-plane direction thermal conductivity and bending strength of the CF(WC)/Cu composite are 398.7 ± 8.1Wm−1 K−1 and 195.3 ± 6.2MPa, which are 35.3% and 90.4% higher, respectively, than those of the CF/Cu composite. Additionally, the in-plane direction coefficient of thermal expansion is 6.5 ± 0.3 × 10−6 K−1, representing a notable reduction of 37.5%. These exceptional properties, coupled with the simplicity and efficacy of the preparation process, offer valuable insights for the advancement of carbon/Cu thermal management materials.

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of bioinspired interpenetrating Ti2AlNb/TiAl matrix composite with a crossed-lamellar structure

TiAl alloys with low density, high creep resistance and high temperature performance are considered as candidate materials to replace nickel-based superalloys in the range of 700∼800 °C. However, the intrinsic brittleness of TiAl alloys has always been the biggest bottleneck restricting their development. In this paper, a bioinspired interpenetrating Ti2AlNb/TiAl composite with crossed-lamellar structure was prepared by combining selective laser melting (SLM) and vacuum hot press sintering (HPS) under the condition of 1150 °C/1 h/45 MPa, to improve the strength and toughness of the composite. Meanwhile, the metallurgical defects and microstructure of Ti2AlNb reinforcement skeleton printed under different volume energy densities (VEDs) were investigated, as well as the evolution of the microstructure at the interface region of the composite was systematically studied. What's more, we studied the mechanical properties of the composite including nanoindentation test, room temperature tensile and bending tests. The results show that the VED is 88.89 J/mm3, an almost completely dense reinforcement skeleton (∼99.8 %) is obtained. The interface region can be divided into four different reaction layers, namely LⅠ, LⅡ, LⅢ and LⅣ, due to the diffusion of elements. LⅠ is mainly composed of Othick/thin lath-like phase and O short rod-like phase. LⅡ is mainly composed of B2/β phase, acicular α2 phase and nanoscale ω-Ti3NbAl2 phase. The LⅢ mainly consists of B2/β phase. The LⅣ is composed of α2 phase. The deformability of each phase in the composite: B2/β phase > O phase >γ phase >α2 phase >ω phase. The tensile strength and fracture toughness of bioinspired interpenetrating Ti2AlNb/TiAl matrix composite are increased by 24.0 % and 89.0 %, respectively, compared with TiAl alloy, which is mainly contributed to the strong interfacial bonding between matrix and reinforcement as well as the synergistic effect of Ti2AlNb reinforcement with high strength and toughness.

Effect of element N on microstructure and tribological properties of CoCrFeNiV alloy at severe temperature

In this study, CoCrFeNiV non-equiatomic high entropy alloys (HEAs) with varying N content were prepared using vacuum hot-press sintering. The effects of N content on the alloy's microstructure, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior at different temperatures were investigated. The results indicate that the N-added alloys primarily maintain an FCC phase. With increasing N content, the σ phase in the alloy gradually decreases, while the VN content increases, leading to grain refinement. This results in a 10.7 % increase in hardness, a 9 % increase in compression strength, and a 56 % increase in compression deformation. Below 400 °C, the primary wear mechanisms are adhesive wear, spalling wear, and slight oxidative wear, while above 600 °C, oxidative wear dominates. The addition of N reduced the wear rates of the alloy by 33.8 %, 8.1 %, and 31.3 % at RT, 200 °C, and 600 °C, respectively, and decreases the coefficient of friction at all temperatures. In summary, N addition improves the alloy's tribological performance at various temperatures.

Effect of multi-directional compression on microstructure and mechanical properties of Tip/WE43 composite

Titanium (Ti) particle-reinforced Mg-4Y–2Nd-1Gd-0.5Zr (WE43) magnesium (Mg) matrix composite (Tip/WE43) was prepared via vacuum hot-pressing sintering. The multi-directional compression (MDC) treatment significantly enhanced the material's strength, and the MDC 6 wt% Tip/WE43 composite exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, with a yield strength (YS) of 255 MPa, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 316 MPa, and elongation (EL) of 8.9 %. The presence of Ti particles within the composite hinders the basal slip of the Mg matrix during plastic deformation, facilitating the early onset of tensile twinning. The Ti particles contribute to grain refinement, inhibit slip deformation, and promote the occurrence of additional twins within the grains. The second phase, Mg41Nd5, is distributed along the powder boundaries, with dislocation tangles observed within the grains. Twin boundary strengthening is identified as the primary factor for the increased YS in the MDC 6Tip/WE43 composite. Additionally, the MDC 6Tip/WE43 composite demonstrates superior thermal conductivity compared to the MDC WE43 alloy, which is attributed to its less pronounced basal texture.

TiO2 nanofiber-derived in-situ Al2O3 particles reinforced TiAl matrix composites

In this study, Al2O3/TiAl composites were synthesized via powder metallurgy by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles and nanofibers as oxygen sources into Ti-45Al-8Nb pre-alloy powders, followed by vacuum hot-pressing sintering to form in-situ Al2O3 particles as reinforcements. The addition of TiO2 nanofibers results in a better grain refinement effect and a more uniform distribution of Al2O3 particles within the composites. High-temperature tensile testing revealed that the composites prepared using TiO2 nanofibers exhibited slightly higher strengths and significantly improved ductility compared to those synthesized with TiO2 nanoparticles. This work not only introduces a novel additive for fabricating high-performance in-situ Al2O3/TiAl composites but also demonstrates a unique application of TiO2 nanofibers.

Study on the microstructure, recrystallization, and mechanical properties of hot-press sintered (TiC + B4C)/6061Al composites during hot rolling

Hot rolling is a vital secondary processing technique for aluminum matrix composites. To explore the forming mechanism of (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites during hot rolling, the 6061Al and (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites were fabricated via vacuum hot-press sintering followed by hot rolling. The results show that reinforcing particles changed the distribution of Si and resulted in the in-situ generation of SiC in hot-rolled (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites. During hot rolling, reinforcing particles inhibited the elongation and refined the size of Al grains, and contributed to further enhancing the hardness and strength of hot-rolled 6061Al. With the hot rolling reduction rate increasing, the hardness and strength of hot-rolled (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites improved, and the refinement effect of reinforcing particles intensified. Both reinforcing particles and hot rolling exhibited effects on the recrystallization behavior of 6061Al during hot rolling, primarily through particle induced nucleation mechanism and strain induced grain boundary migration mechanism. Remarkably, the strength achieved by hot-rolled (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites at a 20% hot rolling reduction rate rivals that of hot-rolled 6061Al at an 80% hot rolling reduction rate, while still preserving high plasticity. Hot-rolled (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites predominantly exhibited the ductile fracture of aluminum matrix and cleavage fracture of particles, and the ductile fracture characteristics gradually weakened with the hot rolling reduction rate increasing. The dislocation increment strengthening mechanism contributed the most to the strength improvement of hot-rolled (TiC+B4C)/6061Al composites. This study can provide valuable insights into aluminum matrix composites.

Revealing the deformation behavior of graphene nanosheets (GNSs) reinforced copper matrix laminated composites via Viscoplastic Self-Consistent (VPSC) modeling

Constructing a laminated structure in metal matrix composites working as a promising approach to simultaneously enhance strength and toughness. Nevertheless, the deformation behavior of individual grains within such laminated composites remains largely unexplored. In this study, graphene nanosheets (GNSs) reinforced copper (Cu) matrix laminated composites were fabricated through electrophoretic deposition, vacuum hot-press sintering, and hot rolling. The mechanical properties were examined via room temperature tensile testing, while microstructure and texture evolution were investigated quasi-in-situ using SEM-EBSD and neutron diffraction techniques. Additionally, Visco-plastic Self-Consistent (VPSC) modeling was utilized to simulate texture evolution during tension, shedding light on the deformation mechanisms within the laminated GNSs/Cu composites. The findings revealed that the grains in the GNSs/Cu laminated composites deformed independently without accommodating strains of grains in adjacent Cu layers. This deformation mode was further confirmed by observations on the RD-ND plane of the fractured GNSs/Cu sample. The insights garnered from this study elucidate the deformation mechanism of laminated GNSs/Cu composites and offer valuable guidance for optimizing the design of advanced metal matrix composites.

Cr-Diamond/Cu Composites with High Thermal Conductivity Fabricated by Vacuum Hot Pressing.

Chromium-plated diamond/copper composite materials, with Cr layer thicknesses of 150 nm and 200 nm, were synthesized using a vacuum hot-press sintering process. Comparative analysis revealed that the thermal conductivity of the composite material with a Cr layer thickness of 150 nm increased by 266%, while that with a Cr layer thickness of 200 nm increased by 242%, relative to the diamond/copper composite materials without Cr plating. This indicates that the introduction of the Cr layer significantly enhanced the thermal conductivity of the composite material. The thermal properties of the composite material initially increased and subsequently decreased with rising sintering temperature. At a sintering temperature of 1050 °C and a diamond particle size of 210 μm, the thermal conductivity of the chromium-plated diamond/copper composite material reached a maximum value of 593.67 W∙m-1∙K-1. This high thermal conductivity is attributed to the formation of chromium carbide at the interface. Additionally, the surface of the diamond particles in contact with the carbide layer exhibited a continuous serrated morphology due to the interface reaction. This "pinning effect" at the interface strengthened the bonding between the diamond particles and the copper matrix, thereby enhancing the overall thermal conductivity of the composite material.

Effect of the TiB2 content on the mechanical and tribological properties of TiB2/AZ91 composites fabricated by vacuum hot-press sintering process incorporating vacuum ball milling

Magnesium alloys have poor strength and wear resistance, restricting their application greatly, while Mg matrix composites can improve these deficiencies. TiB2/AZ91 composites with high TiB2 content were prepared by vacuum hot-press sintering process incorporating vacuum ball milling. The effects of TiB2 content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological properties of the composites were investigated in detail. The results suggested that the TiB2 particle exhibited good bonding with the Mg matrix. With the increasing TiB2 content, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of TiB2/AZ91 composites firstly increased and then decreased, while the wear rate and wear surface roughness presented an opposite trend, and the hardness and coefficient of friction gradually increased. The composites with 5 wt% TiB2 obtained the maximum tensile properties (UTS: 234 MPa YS: 91 MPa EL: 7.3 %). This improvement in mechanical properties was attributed to the uniform distribution of TiB2 particles and the well bonding at the interface. The strengthening mechanisms were found to be the load transfer strengthening and the thermal mismatch strengthening. Furthermore, the composites with 15 wt% TiB2 demonstrated the lowest wear rate of 1.06×10−6 mm3/Nm and lowest wear surface roughness of 2.971 μm. This wear resistance was enhanced because of the significant increasing in hardness. The dominant wear mechanisms observed in TiB2/AZ91 composites were abrasive wear and oxidation wear.

Comparative study on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and wear behavior of TiC and B4C single-reinforced and hybrid-reinforced Al–Mg–Si alloys by vacuum hot-press sintering

To explore the variances between single-reinforced and hybrid-reinforced Al–Mg–Si alloys with TiC and B4C, 10 wt.%-(TiC + B4C)/6061Al, 10 wt.%-B4C/6061Al, 10 wt.%-TiC/6061Al and 6061Al were prepared via wet mixing for 8 h followed by vacuum hot-press sintering at 580 °C and 30 MPa for 2 h. Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and wear behavior were investigated in this study. The results show that unlike single reinforcement of TiC, single reinforcement of B4C and hybrid reinforcement of TiC and B4C altered the distribution of Si and facilitated the in-situ formation of SiC. Both single reinforcement and hybrid reinforcement resulted in mixed fracture characteristics of ductile fracture and cleavage fracture, while hybrid reinforcement of TiC and B4C demonstrated superior strength and plasticity matching. At equivalent particle mass fractions, single reinforcement of TiC was more conducive to inducing recrystallization during sintering, followed by single reinforcement of B4C, and hybrid reinforcement of TiC and B4C had the least effect. At equivalent particle mass fractions, single reinforcement of B4C had the most significant effect on improving the wear resistance, followed by hybrid reinforcement of TiC and B4C, and single reinforcement of TiC had the least effect. All particle addition methods demonstrated a mixed wear mechanism involving abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and spalling wear. This study provides valuable insights into the development of aluminum matrix composites.

Preparation of Fe–As alloys by mechanical alloying and vacuum hot-pressed sintering: microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and mechanisms

Preparation of Fe–As alloys by mechanical alloying and vacuum hot-pressed sintering: microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and mechanisms

Synergistic reinforcement of Cu/Ti3SiC2/C laminated-like composites with the bimodal and highly oriented graphite flake and graphene nanoplatelets

This study describes the preparation of bimodal reinforced Cu/Ti3SiC2/C laminated-like composites using flake powder metallurgy and vacuum hot-press sintering process. The objective was to accurately modulate the formation of oriented reinforcement network in two-dimensional carbon materials. The powders used in the five designed composites were flake Cu powder (45–60 μm), Ti3SiC2 (1–5 μm), graphite flakes (GFs, 120 μm) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs, 15 μm). Among them, the proportions of Ti3SiC2 (10 wt %) and GFs (3 wt %) remained unchanged, GNPs accounted for 0 wt %, 0.5 wt %, 1.0 wt %, and 1.5 wt %, and Cu powder accounted for a decreasing proportion. Formation mechanisms of GFs and GNPs in oriented networks were quantitatively analyzed using the alignment model. Additionally, the related strengthening and failure mechanisms were investigated. According to the study, the bimodal laminated-like Cu/Ti3SiC2/C composites with 0.5 wt% GNPs added showed the best overall performance. Specifically, it exhibited a hardness of 125.7 HV, tensile strength of 276.3 MPa, thermal conductivity of 207.8 W m−1 K−1, and electrical conductivity of 23.6 MS/m. The network enhanced by the two-dimensional carbon material achieves efficient and orderly load transfer and dissipation mechanisms, optimizing stress distribution and enhancing fracture resistance, resulting in improved mechanical properties. In addition, the formation of the oriented reinforcement network optimizes the orientation arrangement of the reinforcing particles, which somewhat mitigates the scattering of thermoelectric carriers by structural defects in the composites, and the enlarged mean free-range improves the migration efficiency of electrons and phonons. Therefore, the erection of bimodal laminated-like structure achieves the goal of optimizing the properties of the composites.

Effect of La2Sn2O7 content on the anti-arc erosion capability of Ag-Ni-La2Sn2O7 composites

La2Sn2O7 has high melting point and excellent thermal stability, which improves the wettability between matrix and reinforcement. In this study, La2Sn2O7 powder was synthesized by chemical coprecipitation method, and Ag-Ni-La2Sn2O7 composites were prepared by vacuum hot-pressing sintering. The effect of La2Sn2O7 content on the arc erosion behavior of Ag-Ni-La2Sn2O7 composites was studied. The Ag-Ni-La2Sn2O7 (85:12:3) composite has the lowest arc energy and the highest breakdown strength. With the increase of La2Sn2O7 content, the defects on the cathode surface decrease and the erosion areas become flat. After arc erosion, the samples generate Ag2O, NiO, La2O3 and SnO2. In this study, the mechanism of La2Sn2O7 to improve the anti-arc erosion capability of composites is mainly enhancing the viscosity of the molten pool by the ``pinning'' action, consuming energy by the decomposition of La2Sn2O7, and the promotion of arc movement.

Tribological investigation of ceramic incorporated novel compositionally graded multilayer tungsten alloys

In this study, novel compositionally graded tungsten alloys incorporating ceramics were prepared using mechanical alloying and pressure-assisted vacuum hot press (VHP) sintering. Three distinct tungsten compositions (W1, W2, and W3) were developed with varying alloying elements and reinforcements, were stacked layer-wise, and then sintered using VHP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were employed to analyze the morphology and microstructural features of synthesized alloys. The effect of alloying elements and reinforcements on mechanical properties and wear behavior was examined. The results showed improvement in mechanical characteristics and enhanced wear resistance of the compositionally graded tungsten alloys. The hardness was increased due to the formation of carbide phases during milling and sintering. The W1 side exhibited a hardness of 8.4 GPa, while the W3 side reached a hardness of 13.3 GPa. Additionally, the wear behavior of both sides (W1 and W3) was also investigated under different applied loads. At a load of 10 N, the W1 surface exhibited a minimum specific wear rate of 3 × 10−6 mm3/Nm, attributed to the presence of MWCNTs and WC phase. However, the W3 surface reinforced with TiC and cBN showed a minimum specific wear rate of 9 × 10−7 mm3/Nm at a higher load of 20 N. This indicates that the W3 side possessed superior hardness and wear resistance ability as compared to the W1 side of compositionally graded tungsten alloys. The novel compositionally graded approach is useful for developing tungsten alloys with tailored mechanical properties for wear resistance applications.

Electrical sliding friction wear behaviors and mechanisms of Cu–Sn matrix composites containing MoS2/graphite

Cu–Sn matrix composites were prepared by vacuum hot press sintering technique with the addition of MoS2, graphite and a mixture of MoS2/graphite, respectively. The friction wear behaviors and contact resistance of the three composites under different currents were investigated and compared. The friction film formed on the friction surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The wear mechanism and the evolution of friction film composition of the composites under different currents were revealed. The results showed that MoS2 and graphite had synergistic lubrication effects. The Cu–Sn-Graphite-MoS2 composite exhibited low wear rates and the lowest and most stable contact resistance. MoS2 could effectively promote the formation and integrity of the friction film and optimize the friction wear performance. With the increase of current, the graphite content in the friction film rose, which helped to reduce the oxidation and consumption of the friction film. The increase in current accelerated the shedding of lubricating particles and the softening of lubricating film, making the lubricating film denser and reducing the oxidation depth.

Effect of Sc and Gd co-doping on the oxidation behavior of FeCrAl alloys in water vapor environment at 1000°C

Rare earth Sc, Gd double doped alloys FeCrAl-xScxGd with different compositions (x=0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0) were prepared by vacuum hot press sintering, and their microstructures were investigated. The double-doped alloy FeCrAl-xScxGd was also oxidized with the single-doped alloys FeCrAl-xSc and FeCrAl-xGd (as a control variable) at high temperature water vapor oxidation at 1000 ℃ for 100 h, and the oxidation kinetic curves were investigated. It is concluded that they have positive effects on the enhancement of the oxidation resistance of FeCrAl alloys in different aspects, while there is no "synergistic effect" of Sc and Gd rare earth elements on the oxidation kinetics of FeCrAl alloys. In FeCrAl alloys, the element Gd not only exists as Gd monomer, but also forms two intermetallic compounds of Gd and Fe, Fe5Gd and Fe9Gd, and the oxide Gd3Fe2Al3O12, which hinders the outward diffusion of Al and reduces its oxidation rate. The element Sc, on the other hand, undergoes longitudinal segregation at the oxide grain boundaries and produces a pinning effect on the alumina scale, which enhances the bonding at the oxide scale/alloy interface, thus preventing the growth of new oxide grains and the generation of new nucleation sites at the alumina scale/alloy interface, thus having a positive effect on the alloy.

The Effect of Stearic Acid on Microstructure and Properties of (Ti2AlC + Al2O3)p/TiAl Composites

A new type of multiphase nanoparticle-reinforced TiAl matrix composites ((Ti2AlC + Al2O3)p/TiAl composites) was successfully prepared by vacuum hot-pressing sintering using Ti powder and Al powder, which were ball-milled with different contents of stearic acid (CH3(CH2)16COOH). The component, microstructure, reaction mechanism, and mechanical properties were studied. The results indicated that the composites prepared by adding stearic acid as a process control agent during the ball-milling process not only contained γ-TiAl and α2-Ti3Al phases but also Ti2AlC and Al2O3 phases. The results of SEM and TEM showed that the composites were composed of equiaxed TiAl and Ti3Al grains, and the Ti2AlC and Al2O3 particles were mainly distributed along the TiAl grain boundary in chain form, which can effectively reduce the TiAl grain size. Through the room-temperature compression test, the maximum compression stress was significantly improved in those composites that added the stearic acid, due to the reinforcement particles. The maximum compression stress was 1590 MPa with a 24.3% fracture strain. In addition, the generated crack deflection and Ti2AlC and Al2O3 particles could also enhance the toughness of the TiAl alloy. (Ti2AlC + Al2O3)p/TiAl composites generated by adding stearic acid played a key role in improving the mechanical properties of the TiAl matrix.

Study on Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Zr Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Alloying

In this paper, Cu-Zr alloy powders and materials with different Zr contents were prepared by horizontal stirring high-energy ball milling combined with vacuum hot-pressing sintering. The results show that the mechanical alloying time of Cu-5%Zr, Cu-10%Zr and Cu-15%Zr alloy powder prepared by high energy ball mill is 7 h, 14 h and 22 h, respectively. At the beginning of high-energy ball milling, Zr particles adhere to the Cu matrix and agglomerate phenomenon occurs. With the progress of ball milling, the powder particles become smaller, the Zr particles gradually distribute evenly and widely on the surface of the Cu matrix, and are dissolved in the Cu matrix, and finally alloying is achieved. Cu-Zr alloys with different Zr content are prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering. When Zr content is 10%, the maximum hardness of Cu-Zr alloy is 277.24HV, which is 462% higher than that of pure copper.