Use Of Printed Materials Research Articles

Teacher Utilization of Instructional Materials and Academic Performance of Upper Basic Students in Social Studies in Calabar Municipality of Cross River State

The main purpose of this study was to investigate on the teacher utilization of instructional materials and academic performance of upper basic students in social studies in Calabar municipality of Cross River State. To achieve the purpose of this study four hypotheses were formulated to direct the study. Literature related to the variables under study was reviewed according to the hypotheses for the study. Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total sample of three hundred and fifty (350) respondents were randomly selected for the study. The selection was done through the simple random sampling technique. The questionnaire was the main source of data collection analysis was adopted to test the hypotheses under study. The result of the analysis revealed that the use of radio, use of television broadcast, use of print materials and use of projector. Significantly relate with students academic performance in Calabar municipality. Based on the findings of the study, it recommended that training on different aspect of instructional materials should be made compulsory for teachers, education administrators and school heads to equip students ability while learning in schools.

A Statistical Analysis of Patrons’ In-Library Information Consumption Behaviors of Print Materials

Patrons’ information consumption behaviors of print materials are influenced by their content and tangible characteristics. This quantitative study incorporates several content-based factors widely adopted in collection management practices as well as two physical dimension–related factors, including book size and number of pages, and applies a series of regression analyses to evaluate the relative impact of these factors on patrons’ checkout versus in-library use decisions. The results suggest that shelf time and book size exhibit consistent and significant impact on patrons’ use of print materials. These findings can shed further light on collection management practices and policies in academic libraries striving to provide patrons more user-centered collections and space.

Older adults' evaluations of the standard and modified pedometer-based Green Prescription.

INTRODUCTION The Green Prescription is a primary care programme designed to increase physical activity in individuals with low activity levels. Older adults tend to engage in insufficient physical activity to obtain health-related gain. AIM To examine participants' ratings of the Healthy Steps intervention and to assess how participants rated the use of a pedometer-based Green Prescription in aiding their physical activity. METHODS In total, 330 community-dwelling older adults who have low levels of activity were randomised to receive either a standard time-based Green Prescription or a modified pedometer-based Green Prescription. Post-intervention, 259 participants completed the participant evaluation questionnaire via postal survey. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-squared analyses. RESULTS The standard components of the Green Prescription (general practitioner consultations and telephone counselling) received similar and higher ratings across both allocation groups than the use of print materials. A pedometer-based Green Prescription was rated as being helpful in aiding physical activity. DISCUSSION This study supports the importance of general practitioners' initial role in prescribing physical activity for older adults and of ongoing telephone support for longer-term adherence. Incorporating a pedometer can be effective in helping low-active older adults initiate and maintain regular physical activity.

Can in-house use data of print collections shed new light on library practices? Statistical evidence from a five-year longitudinal study in China

Libraries worldwide are encountering limited budgets, rising e-collection prices and declining check-out use of print books. It is necessary for administrators to demonstrate physical library value to stakeholders and make empirically based collection development decisions. This five-year longitudinal study of the Southern Medical University Library in China was conducted based on the in-house use and the check-out use data of the whole collection from 2012 to 2016. We found that the in-house use of print materials was positively correlated with the check-out use. In-house use represented 26.78% of the total circulation, on average. Academic bound periodicals and reference books were rarely used in-house. The in-house use ratio differed greatly among subjects, and subjects with frequent check-out use approximated the average ratio. Collections with high check-out use also had a high in-house use ratio. Of the books, 46.1% of the titles were used only in-house, and titles of in-house use were 1.5 times that of check-out use, although the average frequency of in-house use was lower than check-out use. Check-out use data could not comprehensively represent in-house use. In-house use data provided important information for the physical library’s value estimation and collection weeding. We provide practical suggestions on in-house use data collection, collection development and weeding work.

Patterns of Library Use by Undergraduate Students in a Chilean University

This paper explores the patterns of use of print materials and digital resources in an undergraduate library in a Chilean university, by discipline and year of study. To explore this a quantitative analysis was carried out including descriptive analysis of contingency tables, chi-squared tests, t-test, and multiple linear regressions. The results showed that the use of the library by undergraduate students did not follow a common pattern and it varied across different disciplines of study. The article also shows that the access to digital resources does not replace the use of print materials.

Comparison of Selected e-Books and Equivalent Print Books: Have Handheld Portable Devices Increased Use in Three Aggregated Resources?

This case study examined how technological innovations such as handheld portable devices (e.g., Barnes & Noble's NOOK, Amazon's Kindle, Apple's iPad, and smartphones) revolutionized collection development and information dissemination at The University of Tennessee Health Science Center. Selected titles in three e-book resources, McGraw-Hill, MD Consult, and Stat!Ref, were compared with equivalent print book counterparts to gain insight into patron use and trends, as well as to unveil potential consequences for collection development with respect to the proliferation of e-book versus print media use. Results definitely showed an unprecedented surge in e-book use compared with the equivalent print title. What is more, in some cases, e-book use exceeded print material use by 1,005%, thus engendering major policy challenges for collection development librarians. Equally salient, e-books were used more than print titles. This study also revealed that patrons continued using print titles in spite of the availability of e-book counterparts. Additionally, the benefits and shortcomings of three e-book purchasing models (á la carte, direct purchases, and consortium) are discussed in this study.

Colorectal Cancer Educational Intervention Targeting Latino Patients Attending a Community Health Center

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death for Latino men and women; and Latinos are more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage, which is most likely due to underutilization of CRC preventive screening. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a brief, clinic-based intervention by a community health advisor (CHA) would increase CRC knowledge compared with traditional educational methodologies (eg, use of print materials). Latino adults 50 years and older attending a San Diego community health center were recruited while waiting for their primary care provider routine visit and were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 CRC educational interventions: community health advisor (CHA) plus CRC educational brochure (CHA intervention group), CRC educational brochure (minimal intervention group), or 5-a-day nutrition brochure (usual care). CRC knowledge was assessed before and after the primary care provider visit for 130 participants. Results demonstrate that the CRC educational brochure (minimal intervention group) was effective at increasing CRC screening knowledge as compared to usual care. Future research is needed to explore innovative health education strategies that improve knowledge and subsequent CRC screening behaviors among low-income, low-literacy, unacculturated Latinos.

Organizational Use of a Media Campaign Booklet to Encourage Parent–Child Communication about Waiting to Have Sex

Promoting parent—child communication through the use of print materials may be an important health communication approach for preventing teen sexual activity in the United States. Although prior work has suggested successful methods of disseminating print materials, research has not examined dissemination approaches across organization types. Understanding the use and dissemination of print materials among different organizations is crucial to guiding materials development in a way that maximizes uptake and effectiveness among consumers. Accordingly, this study examined the use of a booklet for parents that encouraged parent–child communication about waiting to have sex as collateral material for a national media campaign. We interviewed staff at 9 community organizations, 9 health care facilities, 5 school-based organizations, and 3 campaign outreach centers. Results suggested variability within and across organization types regarding use of the booklet. Community and outreach center staff tended to walk through the booklet content with parents; health care facilities and education-oriented organizations usually reported both direct and indirect distribution approaches. Staff identified useful elements of the booklet and made suggestions for dissemination in line with prior research. A better understanding of how print materials are utilized to supplement media campaigns can improve their usefulness and potential influence on health behaviors.

Beyond Coexistence

SUMMARY Print and digital resources can have creative and interesting relationships; they do not need to reside in separate worlds. Libraries can play a role in working with faculty and students in promoting use of print resources to create new digital products and can be partners in creating learning objects that incorporate primary source materials from the library. Librarians can use the digital environment to create exhibits, displays, and community activities that encourage the use of print materials from the library. These are some of the synergies that can be promoted through the combined use of print and digital resources.

"You Don't Know What They Translate": Language Contact, Institutional Procedure, and Literacy Practice in Neighborhood Health Clinics in Urban Flanders

This article examines how local, institutional communicative economies adjust to changes in multilingual client populations of immigrants and refugees in a health clinic in the Flemish city of Ghent. The focus of the article is on how language ideologies in a context of multilingual diversity bear on the development of institutional procedures and interactional routines through the planning and use of print materials. These ideologies include assumptions about language competencies, multilingual repertoires, and their efficiency, and are shown to shade over into forms of social categorization and indexicalities of noncomprehension. Solutions to perceived problems of noncomprehension take the form of literacy artifacts that have unintended consequences in their use.

Instructional Practices at Farm Safety 4 Just Kids (FS4JK) Safety Day Camps

The instructional methods used with 1,347 youth in seven Farm Safety 4 Just Kids (FS4JK) day camp sessions conducted in five states during the summer and fall of 2002 were videotaped. The videotapes, instructor questionnaires, and day camp materials were analyzed using an observation protocol that focused on instructional practices and an interaction analysis of instructor-student talk during the sessions. Results showed that instruction focused on hazard recognition, a high level of participant attention during all the sessions observed, and safety day camp content relevant to rural participants regardless of whether they live or work on a farm. Recommendations for improving instructional practice include better use of print materials, more interactive, participatory activities for students, and reduction of instructor-centered, didactic approaches. Given the high level of students' attention, increased involvement of students in active, participatory approaches might enhance the effectiveness of the instruction by: (1) further engaging students through personalizing hazard recognition, (2) contextualizing reports of injuries, (3) examining the complexities of choosing safe behaviors, and (4) paying more attention to the consequences of injury events. Role-playing, narrative simulations, and other types of interactive and collaborative exercises are instructional approaches that support the inclusion of the pre-event contingencies and post-event consequences that are part of all injury events.

Interpersonal and Print Nutrition Communication for a Spanish-Dominant Latino Population: Secretos de la Buena Vida.

Participants (N=357) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: lay health advisor (promotora) plus tailored print materials, tailored print materials only (tailored), or off-the-shelf print materials (control). The primary outcomes were calories from fat and daily grams of fiber. Secondary outcomes included total energy intake, total and saturated fat intake, and total carbohydrates. Adjusted for baseline values, calories from fat were 29%, 30%, and 30% for the promotora, tailored, and control conditions, respectively, and grams of fiber consumed were 16 g, 17 g, and 16 g. Significant Condition X Time interactions were not observed between baseline and 12-weeks postintervention. The LHA condition achieved significantly lower levels of energy intake, total fat and saturated fat, and total carbohydrates. The relative superiority of the promotora condition may derive from the personal touch achieved in the face-to-face interactions or from the women's use of print materials under the promotora's guidance.

Print material as a public health education tool.

Despite the widespread use of print materials in public health education, little is known about the costs and processes involved in developing these materials and their effectiveness in practice. We examined a sample of printed health education materials, using interviews and checklists. The most cost-effective processes for developing materials were not being used and the effectiveness of materials was rarely evaluated.

Information sources and barriers to cancer treatment by racial/ethnic minority status of patients.

This study examined the sources used by cancer patients to obtain helpful information regarding their treatment options and side effects and the major predictors that facilitated usage of information. The survey was administered to a representative sample of cancer patients in Texas. The cancer treatment facilities from which the patients were sampled were part of the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center's Texas Community Oncology Network. A total of 593 patients (65%) out of 910 contacted responded to the survey. The patients reported that providers such as physicians and nurses were the most helpful sources of information. White patients tended to use books and reference materials more heavily to gather additional information regarding their treatment, while black patients relied on pamphlets and television. Educational level appeared to have a major influence on the black patient's use of printed materials. The results document the important role that providers play in influencing patients' treatment decisions. Effective ways to communicate with cancer patients are different for patients with different racial backgrounds. Implications for the future development of patient education materials and cancer prevention initiatives targeting ethnic minorities are addressed.

Applications of Materials Pretesting to Florida's Healthy Start Program

Educational materials that are appropriate for their designated target audience have the potential to educate individuals about taking positive steps toward improving their health. Pregnant women and new mothers who visit public health clinics are a prime example of an audience that can be reached through the use of print materials and public service announcements. To be effective in influencing these women to follow the recommended advice, health education materials should be designed according to certain standards of attractiveness, comprehension, acceptability, persuasiveness, and relevance. This study evaluates printed materials and public service announcements used in Florida's Healthy Start maternal and infant care program for these specific criteria. The study is based on qualitative interviews with women utilizing three urban public health centers in Florida. The results have been used to develop guidelines for the design and development of new educational materials for the Healthy Start program.

The Reserve Department Revisited

Faculty and student use of print materials in the Capital University Library's Reserve Department is examined. Twenty-nine percent of the teaching faculty use the department's services for classroom instruction. Seven of twenty-four departments account for both the heaviest faculty and student use. However, only half of the 1994 examined items circulated once. Photocopies of articles and other short pieces received more use than monographs. Factors contributing to heavy use in a small number of departments include individual instructors' class design and use of reserve materials in courses that meet both departmental and university requirements.

Bulletin features found most and least appealing to an extension audience

The purpose of this paper is describe bulletin features found most and least appealing a sample of highly literate, middle class adults for the print series, HG232:17, Dietary Guidelines and Your Health (1). Use of print materials is the most common means of conveying nutrition information the public (2, 3). Many professionals (e.g., 3, 4) have urged nutrition educators focus research on strategies that will increase the effectiveness of print materials. In an age of resource constraints and fiscal responsibility, such evaluation could facilitate the learning process and increase the efficiency of educator resources and efforts. The appearance of printed materials is thought be a crucial factor in determining whether people read or dispose of them (3). Gillespie's (5) communication model also indicates that individual predispositions (e.g., nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and gender) will interact with an incoming message affect the attention, comprehension and acceptance given that message. Within the nutrition literature, the positive value of typographical cueing, e.g., use of underlining, arrows, and boldfaced print (6, 7), color coding (8, 9), color illustration (9-11), and personal relevance the reader (3) has been reported. Shepherd et al. (9) performed the most comprehensive evaluation date of print design features in nutrition education materials. They emphasized the importance household food managers of clear, bright colors and the use of how to information, tips, selfassessment quizzes and lists of foods avoid. Taken together, these studies, though limited in scope, provide evidence that print design features may have an effect on audience attention and message acceptance. None of the above studies compared the response of

International Standards for Educational and Training Equipment

Equipment is to non-print or audiovisual educational and training materials what literacy or the ability to read is to print materials. One must be able to read in order to unlock the information stored in the non-print materials. Media enthusiasts commonly claim that verbal literacy is not required in order to understand the messages in non-print materials, so that they can be used effectively with illiterate or semi-literate audiences. This is a major advantage for non-print media. On the other hand, a variety of expensive, complex and non-standardised equipment is as great a hindrance to the use of non-print media as the lack of language facility is to the use of print materials.