Use Of Intense Pulsed Light Research Articles

Long-Term Impacts of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy on Ocular Surface Health and Tear Film Dynamics in Patients with Dry Eye Disease: Detailed Analysis and Observations Over a 1-Year Follow-Up Period.

To evaluate the long-term effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy on patients with dry eye disease (DED) associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). A retrospective case series was performed with 110 participants undergoing IPL therapy. Assessments included the eye fitness test (EFT) to gauge subjective symptoms, along with objective measures using the Tearcheck® device (ESW Vision, Houdan, France) noninvasive first breakup time (NIFBUT), noninvasive average breakup time (NIABUT), central tear meniscus height (CTMH), thinnest tear meniscus height (TTMH), and ocular surface inflammatory risk evaluation (OSIE) assessed using the SCHWIND SIRIUS device (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions GmbH, Kleinostheim, Germany). This study documented significant improvements in subjective and objective symptoms associated with DED and MGD. Subjective symptoms measured by the EFT showed an average increase of 9.74 points (range -10 to 28, standard deviation [SD] ± 7.54), indicating reduced symptoms. Objective measures of tear film stability, represented by NIABUT, increased by an average of 4.04s (range -15.00 to 14.40, SD ± 4.91). Tear film stability evaluation (TFSE) scores decreased by 229.12 points on average (range -1775 to 528, SD ± 384.94), suggesting enhanced tear film stability. OSIE type 1 showed a reduction in inflammation, with a percentage decrease of 4.98% (range -45 to 5, SD ± 7.33). Additionally, OSIE capture time decreased by 3.25s on average (range -27 to 22, SD ± 10.35), further indicating an improvement in ocular surface health. IPL therapy was shown to be a promising, noninvasive approach for improving quality of life in patients with DED by effectively managing symptoms and stabilizing tear film. The findings support the use of IPL as a sustainable treatment modality for DED associated with MGD.

A Review of Intense Pulsed Light in the Treatment of Ocular Rosacea.

Ocular rosacea is an underdiagnosed form of rosacea that may occur with or without typical cutaneous signs of rosacea. One of the common manifestations is dry eyes. Although the use of intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of rosacea-related dry eyes has been reported, a recent review is lacking. A scoping review was performed to summarize the efficacy of IPL in the treatment of ocular rosacea. Five articles were included, representing 108 patients, with a mean age of 58.4 years. Based on available data, 59.2% (n = 58/98) were female. The studies detailed the use of IPL in combination with meibomian gland expression treatment. Overall, 91% (n = 89/98) of patients with ocular rosacea treated with IPL had a partial response and 9% (n = 9/98) had no response. IPL therapy did not lead to complete recovery in any of the included patients. One participant experienced an adverse event across the included studies. IPL is a promising treatment modality for ocular rosacea, as demonstrated by its ability to relieve dry eye symptoms with limited adverse events. Further research into this novel treatment is necessary to ascertain its role in the management of ocular rosacea.

Experience of successful use of intense pulsed light in the treatment of Shamberg patients

Schamberg's disease (chronic purpura pigmentosa) is the most common type of pigmentary purpuric dermatosis, most commonly seen in men and primarily affecting the areas of the tibia, thighs, buttocks, trunk, or upper extremities, with a classic presentation characterized by petechiae, purpura, and enhancement skin pigmentation. This is a benign disease that is often asymptomatic and requires treatment if there are associated symptoms or if the patient wishes to improve a cosmetic defect.
 Schamberg's disease is usually not difficult to diagnose, but its treatment can be challenging. The current standard of treatment for chronic purpura pigmentosa includes systemic and external drug therapy, correction of identified concomitant diseases that can maintain and worsen the course of cutaneous vasculitis. There are many other, including non-pharmacological, methods described in the literature, few of which have been shown to be effective. Considering the small number of studies on this topic, numerous exacerbations and the possibility of spontaneous resolution of the disease, patients’ concerns about residual pigmentation, the search for an optimal therapeutic approach remains an urgent task.
 This article describes the experience of using broadband pulsed light in the treatment of Schamberg disease in a 34-year-old man. The equipment settings, diagram and exposure protocol for broadband pulsed light are presented. As a result of a follow-up examination carried out 1 month after treatment, a positive dynamic of the therapeutic process was determined: there were no new rashes, individual foci of the rash regressed completely, the remaining elements of the rash paled significantly. At a follow-up examination, four months after the therapy, a stable treatment result was recorded.

Laser and intense pulsed light in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa

Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) requires a combination of medical, surgical, and lifestyle interventions. Intense pulsed light (IPL) and lasers have been reported to be useful. The aim of this review is to find the evidence supporting IPL and laser treatment of HS and to provide guidance for the management of specific HS lesions. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for “laser” and “hidradenitis suppurativa” on April 6, 2022. Inclusion criteria were >10 patients, reported follow-up, English language, and human subjects with a diagnosis of HS. A total of 724 articles were screened, but only 17 studies qualified for inclusion (IPL (n = 4), Nd:YAG (n = 6), CO2 laser (n = 6), and intralesional treatment (n = 2). The majority of the studies had a low (n = 10) or moderate (n = 7) evidence level. Treatment effect was noticed in studies using IPL and Nd:YAG (hair reduction). CO2 laser was used for surgery with a success rate ranging from 70.7% to 96.7%. CO2 laser is useful for surgery of stationary HS lesions, but it is difficult to draw a conclusion on the use of IPL and Nd:YAG (hair reduction) as the studies were too heterogeneous to perform a meta-analysis.

Intense pulsed light treatment for inflammatory skin diseases: a review.

Although intense pulsed light (IPL) has been commonly used in the field of medical cosmetics in recent years, the exact outcomes of IPL in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases remain unclear. To assess the clinical evidence for the use of IPL in the treatment of various inflammatory skin diseases and propose evidence-based recommendations, we searched for relevant publications in the PubMed and Web of Science databases and provided updated information. The inflammatory skin diseases treated with IPL consisted of acne vulgaris, rosacea, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), atopic dermatitis (AD), Riehl's melanosis, lupus erythematosus, cutaneous sarcoidosis, pilonidal cysts, and pigmented actinic lichen planus (PALP). The efficacy of IPL treatment for these inflammatory skin diseases was described and evaluated. Forty-two studies were included to provide this assessment. The evidence suggests that IPL can effectively and safely improve acne vulgaris and rosacea (recommendation grade B). For other described inflammatory skin diseases, IPL can be used as a tentative or supplementary treatment (recommendation grade C and D). The main complications include transitory erythema, edema, and pain, with the possibility of hyperpigmentation, blisters, and a burning sensation in some individuals.

Modern Ideas about Dysfunction of the Meibomian Glands

Purpose: to develop a comprehensive method of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) treatment, including the periorbital zone massage, aimed to improving the microcirculation of the eyelids and the functional activity of the meibomian glands, evaluating its effectiveness and safety.Patients and methods. The study included 92 patients (184 eyes) with all forms of permanent residence in accordance with the international classification of the DEWS working group, 32 of them were men and 60 women. All patients included in the study at the first stage of work were randomly divided into 3 groups, depending on the type of therapy. The first group included 34 patients (68 eye), in which complex therapy was carried out in the form of eyelid hygiene + massage in the periorbital zone according to the methodology developed during the study, the second group included 30 patients (60 eyes) who underwent IPL therapy (the use of intense pulsed light in the periorbital zone), the third group included 28 patients (56 eyes) who were treated in the form of eyelid hygiene (warm compresses + eyelid self-massage).Results and discussion. A technique of massage in the periorbital zone was developed, its effect on hemodynamic parameters of the eyelids was studied, and to assess its effectiveness, a comparison of hemodynamic parameters of the eyelids was carried out with two other methods of thermal exposure — eyelid hygiene (warm compresses + eyelid self-massage) and IPL therapy. It was found that all three types of exposure — IPL therapy, eyelid hygiene and eyelid hygiene + massage in the periorbital zone, carried out according to the original technique, lead to an increase in hemodynamic parameters of the eyelids and in the lacrimal artery (according to laser Doppler flowmetry and color Doppler mapping) to varying degrees of severity, which should contribute to an increase in the metabolism of Meibomian glands, therefore, and the improvement of their functional activity. At the same time, 3 months after the treatment starting, the improvement of the the meibomian glands’ functional activity of was higher in the group of patients in which IPL therapy and complex effects — eyelid hygiene + massage in the periorbital zone were performed, compared with the group with only eyelid hygiene. However, after 6 months, high indicators of the functional activity of the meibomian glands remained only in the group with complex effects — eyelid hygiene + massage in the periorbital zone. Such a therapeutic effect, according to the results of the study, improves the patients’ quality of life according to data of the SPEED questionnaire and directly depends on adherence to treatment on the Morisky scale (MMAS).Conclusions. The presented complex of therapy can be recommended for wide application in ophthalmological practice for the treatment of dysfunction of the meibomian glands.

Will repeated Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) treatment sessions affect facial skin sensitivity? Results of a twelve-Month, prospective, randomized split-face study.

Despite the widespread use of intense pulsed light (IPL) technology in cosmetic dermatology, the effects of its repeated use on facial skin sensitivity in healthy individuals remains unknown. Seventeen healthy female volunteers were included in the study. We measured objective biophysical parameters of the skin, including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin glossiness, thickness and density of the epidermis and dermis, sensory nerve current perception threshold (CPT), and regional blood flow before and after treatment at different time points. Sixteen volunteers completed a follow-up of 12months. The treated side of the face showed a decreased TEWL on D1 and D3, which reverted to normal on D7. Epidermal thickness increased and skin glossiness decreased on the treated side on D1, but returned to normal on D3. We found no statistically significant differences in CPT values or in regional blood flow volume and velocity, with the exception of D1, which exhibited a higher regional blood flow volume on the treated side. Repeated IPL treatments had no effects on facial skin barrier function, skin nerve sensitivity, or local microcirculation among healthy individuals. IPL is a safe skin care procedure that does not affect skin sensitivity.

Comparison between the use of intense pulsed light and Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser for the treatment of axillary hyperpigmentation.

Axillary hyperpigmentation (AH) is a condition in which axillary skin is darker than the adjacent areas. To date, there is no standard treatment for AH. The Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet 1064-nm(QS) laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) are two effective modalities for the treatment of pigmentary disorders; however, the efficacy and safety levels of both treatments for AH have not yet been compared in a controlled study. To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of the QS laser and IPL in the treatment of AH. A randomized, split-side study was conducted on 22 subjects; all subjects received a total of five split-side treatments every 2weeks. The efficacy was determined using the melanin index (MI), color chart level using the Pantone SkinTone™ Guide, improvement grading scale (IGS), and patient satisfaction scores at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The results showed that there was no significant difference in MI, color chart level, IGS, and patient satisfaction scores between the two treatments. Both treatments significantly improved AH after three sessions. However, the pain score was lower for IPL treatment. The adverse effects were transient and were found after IPL treatment in one participant (4.45%) who developed hyperpigmentation and another participant (4.45%) who developed erythema. Intense pulsed light therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of AH, with no significant difference in the outcome compared with QS laser treatment.

Ultraviolet/visible intense pulsed light irradiation of fresh‐cut avocado enhances its phytochemicals content and preserves quality attributes

In this study, the effect of intense pulsed light (PL) on color, firmness, phytochemicals content, and antioxidant activity (AA) of fresh-cut avocados (FCA) was evaluated for 12 days. In that sense, three different ultraviolet and visible wavelength ranges of PL were compared: 180–1100 nm (UVC-VIS), 280–1100 nm (UVB-VIS), and of 400–1100 nm (VIS). Interestingly, the color FCA was not influenced by PL, but it reduced the firmness loss to 34%. FCA treated at UVB-VIS kept a firmness between 4.48 ± 0.32 N and 2.96 ± 0.31 N, whereas control FCA had a 65% firmness loss (4.86 ± 0.28 N to 1.68 ± 0.17 N). Moreover, UVC-VIS treatments lead to a higher content of carotenoids (307.00 ± 2 mg β-carotene/Kg FW) compared to untreated FCA (66.09 ± 0.44 mg β-carotene/Kg FW). On the contrary, VIS treatments effectively increased the AA leading to an increase of phenolic compounds and vitamin C after irradiation and during storage. Practical applications Intense pulsed light treatments are recognized as a rapid nonthermal technology able to inactivate microorganisms and enzymes responsible for fresh-cut product deterioration. Avocado is one of the tropical fruits of higher demand around the world, as it is the source of many commercially relevant food products. This article presents strong evidence that supports the use of intense pulsed light to extend the shelf life of fresh-cut avocado, in terms of quality attributes, and to increase the phytochemicals content of these food products. The scientific contribution of this research can be exploited by the food producers for commercializing fresh-cut avocado products of higher nutritional and health-related properties.

Effect of intense pulsed light on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanowires

Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanowires has been of great interest as it allows the use of organic substrates for flexible electronics applications. However, there are drawbacks on the growth technique as it is known to introduce defects in the nanowires. In this work, the use of intense pulsed light on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanowires on polyimide substrate was performed to enhance the physical and electronic properties of the nanomaterials. Such photonic annealing technique offers a rapid and effective improvement in material properties and importantly it is suitable for use on a wide variety of organic substrates, which are vital for flexible electronics.

Pulsed intense light to treat dry eye syndrome

Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) is the therapeutic tool implemented in the treatment of dry eye, characterized by the emission of waves of 500-1200nm in the region of the upper and lower eyelids. Dry eye is a recurring complaint in ophthalmology offices and has an impact on the patient's quality of life. It results from dysfunction of the meibomian glands, duct obstruction, and quantitative and qualitative changes in glandular secretion. It is manifested by dryness and irritation, foreign body sensation, burning, tearing, and eye fatigue. The available treatments are short term palliative with unsatisfactory results. To determine through a literature review, the benefit of using intense pulsed light for dry eye treatment. Methodology: We searched the Cochrane database, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (gray literature) using the keywords for an independent, blinded, peer-reviewed selection of articles to be met following pre-established criteria. Studies evaluated the use of IPL in patients with dry eye, despite the benefit found, focus on the objective and subjective assessment of the eye more frequently. Evidence-based clinical guidelines are required for the use of intense pulsed light in the treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD), as well as a device and algorithm for indications of therapeutic use.

Intense pulsed light processing for photovoltaic manufacturing

The solar manufacturing industry continues to expand and become a key source of energy as manufacturing costs have decreased. This has led to a rapid growth in revenue and a corresponding drop in margins that has suppliers implementing solutions to further reduce the costs associated with manufacturing solar panels. Despite these improvements, solar energy derived from photovoltaics still has an energy pay-back time of at least one year with some of this is associated with heating processes. To further reduce costs, a new technology called intense pulsed light is being implemented to eliminate expensive high energy thermal processes and encourage higher throughput. The technology also includes opportunities for devices that contain thermally limited materials. The technique was originally explored when the photovoltaic industry was quite small, and has only recently begun to gather interest as the printed electronics industry realized gains. This review discusses the use of intense pulsed light in photovoltaic manufacturing, detailing the process from a photonic physics perspective, the relevant heat transfer mechanisms, as well as its impact on the major photovoltaic sectors. Demonstrations of generation 1: crystalline silicon solar cells, generation 2: thin film solar cells, and emerging technologies: hybrid organic solar cell applications are discussed. Lastly, future outlooks for intense pulsed light in the photovoltaic manufacturing sector are offered.

Assessment of the Effects of Intense Pulsed Light Procedure in Porcine Eyes with Different Treatment Strategies

1.1.Introduction: The use of intense pulsed light (IPL) increased in recent years. This study aimed to identify the types and degrees of eye injury caused by IPL in ‘’ex vivo’’ porcine eye, correlating the distance from the shooting location of the ocular region, power and pulse duration used. 1.2.Methods: Experimental study. Intense pulsed light (IPL) was applied in five different treatment strategies (7J/5ms, 9 J/12ms, 10J/18 ms, 11J/26ms and 12J/34 ms) with corneal thickness evaluation pre and post procedure and classification of degree of eye injury observed in biomicroscopy slit lamp in the phase after the procedure. 1.3.Results: There was no change in pachymetry in the group of lower power and frequency - Group 1 (7J/5 ms), but from 9J/12 ms (groups 2, 3, 4 and 5) all groups presented reduction of corneal thickness. The biomicroscopy analysis in slit lamp showed that inferior keratitis was observed a greater number of eyes subjected to intense pulsed light procedure with minor powers (7 and 9J) and iris lesion were observed a greater number of eyes subjected to light procedure intense pulsed with greater powers (12J). 1.4.Conclusion: Ocular adverse effects were observed in all strategies of the intense light pulse procedure in porcine eye. The intraocular effects such as iris lesions were more evident in treatments with higher powers. Change of corneal thickness was observed with intense pulsed light from 9J and 12 ms. Because of the lesions observed in the evaluation after the procedure we corroborate the recommendation of using scleral lenses, possibly made of stainless steel, to dissipate the energy of the IPL when ophthalmic procedures or esthetic procedure near the eyeball margin.

Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease.

Evaporative dry eye disease is one of the most common types of dry eye. It is often the result of chronic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and associated ocular rosacea. Evaporative dry eye and MGD significantly reduce patient's quality of life. Traditional treatments, such as artificial tears, warm compresses, and medications, such as topical cyclosporine, azithromycin, and oral doxycycline, provide some relief; however, many patients still suffer from dry eye symptoms. Intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy, which has been used extensively in dermatology to treat chronic skin conditions, is a relatively new treatment in ophthalmology for patients with evaporative dry eye disease. There are very few studies published on the use of IPL in patients with dry eye disease. The present review describes the theoretical mechanisms of IPL treatment of MGD and ocular rosacea. Personal clinical experience and recently presented data are reported as well. IPL therapy has promising results for evaporative dry eye patients. There are statistically significant improvements in clinical exam findings of dry eye disease. More importantly, patients report subjective improvement in their symptoms. More research is needed in this area to help understand the mechanism of dry eye disease and how it can be effectively treated.

Combination of intense pulsed light, Sculptra, and Ultherapy for treatment of the aging face.

Facial aging is a gradual process that involves a complex interaction of multiple factors including cutaneous photodamage and laxity, subcutaneous tissue volume loss, and bony resorption. These features have all been show to significantly improve with intense pulsed light (IPL), microfocused ultrasound (MFUS, Ultherapy), and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). To review the use of IPL, MFUS, and PLLA in combination with the treatment of facial aging. Despite their extensive individual safety record, there is little data regarding combination therapy with these minimally invasive modalities. IPL, MFUS, and PLLA may be safely performed in a single treatment session to target multiple tissue planes concurrently without increased adverse events.

Intense Pulsed Light Sintering of Electrodeposited CdS Thin Films

In order to manufacture market competitive solar cells, material processing methods with low capital and running costs are required. One method for achieving this goal would be to use atmospheric processing techniques with a high throughput. Here, we report the use of intense pulsed light (IPL) to process cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin films. IPL is an ultra‐fast and facile technique for the heat treatment of materials. Pulses of light from the UV to IR wavelengths are absorbed by the material, leading to localized heating and sintering. IPL has been used to successfully make Ag and Cu electrical contacts for use in electronic circuits, however little work exists on the use of IPL in the processing of semiconductor materials. CdS was selected due to its importance in solar cell manufacturing. This n‐type semiconductor has been used as a “window” material in high efficiency CdTe and Cu In(1−x)GaxSe2‐based solar cells. The effect of energy input and the energy density of the pulse on the films optical, compositional and morphological properties of the films was investigated using UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, and SEM. IPL sintering resulted in significant improvement to the CdS crystallinity with processing times <2 mins.

Application of intense pulsed light in the treatment of dermatologic disease: a systematic review.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved intense pulsed light (IPL) devices for the treatment of a variety of benign pigmentary and vascular lesions, but the range of disease amenable to IPL treatment continues to expand, and there are no evidence-based clinical guidelines for its use in FDA-approved and off-label indications. To provide evidence-based recommendations to guide physicians in the application of IPL for the treatment of dermatologic disease. A literature search of the CENTRAL (1991 to May 6, 2013), EMBASE (1974 to May 6, 2013), and MEDLINE in-process and nonindexed citations and MEDLINE (1964 to present) databases was conducted. Studies that examined the role of IPL in primary dermatologic disease were identified, and multiple independent investigators extracted and synthesized data. Recommendations were based on the highest level of evidence available. Level 1 evidence was found for the use of IPL for the treatment of melasma, acne vulgaris, and telangiectasia. Level 2 evidence was found for the treatment of lentiginous disease, rosacea, capillary malformations, actinic keratoses, and sebaceous gland hyperplasia. Level 3 or lower evidence was found for the treatment of poikiloderma of Civatte, venous malformations, infantile hemangioma, hypertrophic scars, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and Bowen's disease. IPL is an effective treatment modality for a growing range of dermatologic disease and in some cases may represent a treatment of choice. It is typically well tolerated. Further high-quality studies are required.

Unconventional use of intense pulsed light.

According to the literature, intense pulsed light (IPL) represents a versatile tool in the treatment of some dermatological conditions (i.e., pigmentation disorders, hair removal, and acne), due to its wide range of wavelengths. The authors herein report on 58 unconventional but effective uses of IPL in several cutaneous diseases, such as rosacea (10 cases), port-wine stain (PWS) (10 cases), disseminated porokeratosis (10 cases), pilonidal cyst (3 cases), seborrheic keratosis (10 cases), hypertrophic scar (5 cases) and keloid scar (5 cases), Becker's nevus (2 cases), hidradenitis suppurativa (2 cases), and sarcoidosis (1 case). Our results should suggest that IPL could represent a valid therapeutic support and option by providing excellent outcomes and low side effects, even though it should be underlined that the use and the effectiveness of IPL are strongly related to the operator's experience (acquired by attempting at least one specific course on the use of IPL and one-year experience in a specialized centre). Moreover, the daily use of these devices will surely increase clinical experience and provide new information, thus enhancing long-term results and improving IPL effectiveness.

Intense pulsed light enhances transforming growth factor beta1/Smad3 signaling in acne-prone skin

Recently, much interest has been generated in the use of intense pulsed light (IPL) sources in the treatment of various skin conditions. However, the underlying mechanism for its therapeutic action has not been elucidated. To investigate the effect of IPL on the in vivo expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) and on the immunolocalization of Smad3 in biopsies obtained from perilesional skin in patients with mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. Biopsies obtained from 20 patients with inflammatory acne vulgaris at baseline (B1) and post-IPL treatment (B2=48h after first treatment and B3=1week after final treatment) were immunohistochemically analyzed to determine the expression of TGF-β1 and the immunolocalization of Smad3. Digital images were semiquantitatively assessed using image analysis software. Intense pulsed light elicited a consistent increase in epidermal TGF-β1 expression (B2 vs. B1: P=0.004 and B3 vs. B1: P=0.007). Furthermore, it resulted in enhanced nuclear immunolocalization of Smad3 (B2 vs. B1: epidermis, P=0.000055 and dermis, P=0.014; B3 vs. B1: epidermis, P=0.00024 and dermis, P=0.008). Intense pulsed light upregulates TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling in perilesional skin obtained from patients with mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. Further experiments on lesional skin and downstream effects are warranted to determine whether it may play a role in IPL-induced resolution of acne vulgaris.

Guidelines on the safety of light‐based home‐use hair removal devices from the European Society for Laser Dermatology

In the past 5 years since their US introduction, there has been a rapid proliferation of light-based hair removal devices intended for home-use. In the last 2 years in Europe, sales already run into many tens of thousands of units with well-known multi-national companies entering the market. These guidelines provide a definition of light-based home-use technology, to inform healthcare professionals about home-use light-based technology and encourage manufacturers wishing to sell in Europe to adopt 'best practice'. The review presents the current status on standards and regulation issues and considers home-use safety issues, encompassing human, device and electrical safety, given risks to the eyes and skin from optical radiation both to the consumer and persons in the vicinity. Proposed technical measurement methodology is considered with focus on recognized critical parameters for the safe use of light-based hair removal technology including recording the technical performance and safety claims of a range of home-use hair removal devices. The literature review emphasizes potential adverse incidents and safety aspects of treating cosmetic conditions, such as unwanted hair growth. Although some regulations exist, they differ from region to region and there is a specific need for international common principles and guidelines relating to the manufacture, marketing and use of intense pulsed light and laser devices, including manufacturing standards for home-use products intended, amongst others, for cosmetic hair removal and photo-rejuvenation procedures. In these guidelines, the European Society for Laser Dermatology (ESLD) provides a professional view of what 'best practice' may imply for manufacturers and consumers alike.