Use Of Appliances Research Articles

Rationalization of Electrical Energy Consumption in Households through the Use of Cheap IoT Module with Cloud Data Storage

This article explores mechanisms to enhance the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources (RES), with a particular emphasis on photovoltaic installations. One such strategy involves implementing a customized electricity rate system for individual consumers. This paper discusses the potential economic and environmental benefits of transitioning from a flat-rate tariff to a time-of-day tariff. This modification can lead to increased energy consumption during off-peak hours, aligning with occasional periods of photovoltaic installations’ overproduction, which might require their temporary shutdowns. The energy that could be produced by RES is supplied by conventional power plants (mostly coal-fueled). Not only does this have negative effects on the environment, but it also increases energy costs. In order to make an informed decision regarding the change of tariff, the consumer must be aware of its potential benefits and drawbacks. The article introduces an IoT-based, cost-effective system with cloud data storage for monitoring residential electricity consumption, offering various features, including an assessment of the financial viability of switching tariffs. This system has been operational for more than six months in real installation, encouraging homeowners to transition from a flat rate tariff to time-of-day tariff and optimize their use of electrical appliances. The article presents the potential benefits of this action, encompassing both financial aspects for users of the installation and environmental protection issues.

P100 Acceptance, Compliance and Efficacy of Oral Appliance Therapy by Patients Suffering from Sleep Apnoea.

Abstract Background Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) represents an established risk factor for several medical conditions. The evidence demonstrates that OSA can be effectively treated by an oral appliance. However, there less information about the role of an oral appliance in a clinical care model in terms of uptake and efficacy. This study aimed at examining the efficacy of an intervention in dental public health settings in Melbourne, Australia. Methods Data were collected from the 2018-2021. Participants who fitted inclusions criteria completed two instruments. The Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS) was used to assess the Subjective daytime sleepiness, and the Apnoea Hypopnea Index (AHI) objectively evaluated the severity of OSA. Participants were further asked to self-report felt improvements post intervention. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre-test and the post-test results. Results 34 participants had complete before and after data recorded. The mean age of the final samples of 66.4 (s.d., 14.2), the majority were female (67.7%). Participants unanimously acknowledged improvements after the intervention. Findings also indicated that after the intervention, participants had significantly lower EES scores compared to their baseline scores (6.9 vs 12.7; p<0.001). Regarding the AHI, at post-test, participants had significantly lower AHI scores compared to their baseline scores (13.8 vs. 19.2; p<0.001). Conclusions Present results indicate the use of oral appliance will ultimately benefit public patients who suffer from OSA. After the intervention, there were both objective and subjective improvements in OSA. Thus, findings provide valuable inputs and guidance for the design and implementation for larger efficacy trial.

Willingness to pay for climate change mitigation measures in households: Bundling up renewable energy, energy efficiency, and renovation

AbstractThrough their consumption behavior, households are responsible for more than 70% of total global greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the GHG emission reduction potential due to the household behavior is very high. Energy consumption is the main source of the GHG emission in households. There are two main ways to reduce GHG emissions in households: use of renewable energy, energy efficiency improvement, and energy conservation due to changes in the energy use patterns. The highest energy saving potential in households is linked with building renovation, followed by the use of energy efficient appliances (including lighting). Renewable energy microgeneration technologies in households also provide opportunities for GHG emission reduction. Although there have been many policies developed to reduce GHG emissions from energy consumption in households, they still need to be more effective. This paper aims to assess willingness of Lithuanian households to reduce GHG emissions from energy consumption in households by embarking on energy renovation of buildings, use of energy efficient appliances and use of renewable energy technologies. The willingness to pay for these GHG emission reduction measures allows to compare household preferences with respect to available support measures and assess the adequacy of such measures. The paper also discusses household attitudes toward the main policies and measures for GHG emission reduction. The results show the highest willingness to pay for energy efficient appliances, followed by renewable energy technologies. The willingness to pay for energy renovation is the lowest one and such s measure requires significant state support.

Influence of Occupants’ Space and Appliance Use Patterns and Behaviour during the Discomfort on Electricity Consumption in Mixed Mode Residences

Building characteristics, climate, socio-economic characteristics, and occupant behaviour influence the electricity consumption in buildings. In residential buildings, where people spend a lot of time and have high perceived control over their surroundings, electricity consumption for thermal comfort constitutes a higher proportion of overall energy consumption. Previous research studies mainly focused on the impact of building and household characteristics on electricity consumption in residences. In the Indian context, electricity usage in residential buildings may depend on lifestyle, family composition, daily routines and activity patterns, and consumption habits. In India, the space usage and sharing pattern of internal spaces depend on family composition and the number of rooms. In India, the usage of household appliances has been steadily increasing. During discomfort hours in humid conditions, people use fans with windows in the open position, switch on the air-conditioner or use the fan and air-conditioner together to attain thermal comfort. Therefore, the study aims to assess the impact of family composition, occupants' space and appliance use patterns and behaviour during the thermal discomfort on electricity consumption in Indian residential buildings. Information on the number of occupants, children, and elders; space usage at different hours of the day by the occupants; use of fans, air-conditioners, and other electrical appliances; and frequency and hours of opening of windows were collected through a questionnaire survey from 144 residences. Electricity consumption data for all 144 residences were collected from the utility bills. The variables influencing annual mean electricity consumption per unit area of residential buildings include the number of elders present, age of children, hours of air-conditioner use, space usage pattern, and occupants' behaviour during the discomfort

An innovative approach for treatment of anterior open bite in Class II Division 1 patient with VF appliance (Zygomatic Implant and Spur Assisted) - A case report

Controlling anchorage is one of the foremost necessary aspects of treatment. Moderate anchorage is comparatively simple to manage with the use of some intraoral appliances and biomechanical procedures. On the opposite hand, cases that need the most anchorage need extraoral support to strengthen the anchorage. In some instances, 100 percent anchorage has got to be maintained, such an anchorage may be termed as absolute anchorage. It's tough and not possible to get absolute anchorage by using typical ways like extraoral force application. In this case report, we describe the treatment of Open bite by using the support of Zygomatic plates and Spurs anteriorly placed with the combination of posterior bite blocks. A 20-year-old female reported to our department of orthodontics with the chief complaint of anteriorly placed upper front teeth. There was no relevant medical history; she was having tongue thrusting habit, acute nasolabial angle and incompetent lips. Overjet of 12mm and anterior skeletal open bite from canine to canine of 5mm was present associated with anterior tongue thrusting habit, and constricted upper arch. The molar relation was end-on on the right side and class II on left side. Canine relation is end-on, on both the side. Growth pattern is vertical. Upper arch is well aligned with constriction in premolar region; lower arch has crowding of 6 mm. The treatment plan was selected as alignment of the teeth with fixed mechanotherapy and impaction of the maxillary posteriors using zygomatic anchorage with posterior bite block and spurs soldered to the anterior part of the appliance. The sutures were removed after 7 days, the appliance was inserted into the patient’s mouth and secured with a power chain to the hooks of the appliance and the hook of zygomatic implant, 400gms of force was applied on both the sides.

A comprehensive model to explain consumers’ purchasing intention of energy-efficient household appliances: A case study in China

ABSTRACT Given the significant increase in residential electricity consumption in China, promoting the use of energy-efficient household appliances in residential buildings is imperative. Considering this, we construct a new comprehensive model, including the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and Theory of value belief norms (VBN), to identify consumers’ intentions to purchase energy-efficient household appliances. The model is empirically tested using a structural equation modeling approach based on 891 effective questionnaires from Chinese respondents. The results show that TPB variables are important factors in predicting consumers’ intentions to purchase energy-efficient household appliances. Product cognition is the best predictor of purchasing intention, followed by perceived behavioral control, environmental awareness, and subjective norms. For VBN variables, the egoistic value and altruistic value placed on the awareness of consequence is insignificant; the other VBN variables all affect purchasing intention. Compared with the original TPB model or VBN model, this comprehensive model exhibits superior predictive ability in the purchase intention of energy-efficient household appliances. In this comprehensive model, environmental awareness creates a significant effect between the awareness of consequence and ascription of responsibility and the interactive influence of subjective norms on the personal norm. Finally, several important policy implications are documented.

Stirling engines for solar thermal energy and residential purposes

The comparison and advantages with other engines and other aspects of Stirling engine in household appliances, to solve the problems caused by existing household appliances, realize the optimization of energy resources and achieve sustainability. A Stirling engine can work in reverse as a heat pump for heating or cooling if supplied with mechanical power. The ultra-low temperature refrigerator using the Stirling engine breaks through the traditional compressor refrigeration method in the noise, efficiency, energy consumption, stability, and other aspects of the long-term dilemma, creating a new situation of technological refrigeration. In the late 1930s, the Philips Corporation of the Netherlands successfully used the Stirling cycle in cryogenic applications. Experiments have been conducted using wind power driving a Stirling cycle heat pump for domestic heating and air conditioning. This paper mainly describes the application of the Stirling engine in household appliances and its advantages. The paper will explore the basic principle and efficiency of the Stirling engine and the use of household appliances.

Reduction in Residential Electricity Bill and Carbon Dioxide Emission through Renewable Energy Integration Using an Adaptive Feed-Forward Neural Network System and MPPT Technique

Increasing electricity demand and the emergence of smart grids have given home energy management systems new potential. This research investigates the use of an artificial neural network algorithm for a home energy management system. The system keeps track of and organizes the use of electrical appliances in a typical home with the objective of lowering consumer electricity bills. An artificial-neural-network-based maximum-power-point-tracking scheme is applied to maximize power generation from photovoltaic sources. The proposed neural network senses solar energy and calculates load requirements to switch between solar and grid sources effectively. The implementation of improved source utility does not require numerical calculations. Traditional relational operator techniques and fuzzy logic controllers are compared with the suggested neural network. The model is simulated in MATLAB, and the results show that the artificial neural network performs better in terms of source switching following load demand, with an operating time of less than 2 s and a reduced error of 0.05%. The suggested strategy reduces electricity costs without affecting consumer satisfaction and contributes to environmental friendliness by reducing CO2 emissions.

"Taking from Peter to pay Paul": The experience of people in receipt of fuel and food vouchers from a UK foodbank.

For people on very low incomes, household fuel and food environments are increasingly uncertain. Many live in precarious situations with little control over their lives. In addition to food parcels, many foodbanks also supply emergency fuel payments. There has been a surge in demand due to the cost of living crisis in the United Kingdom. This qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, explored the lived experience of people who received a fuel voucher via a foodbank to gain insights into food preparation, eating practices and heating and appliance use in their homes. All participants (n = 6) described a change in life circumstances leaving them at crisis point with overwhelming uncertainty. Using Thematic Analysis, we identified four themes: (1) Bewilderment in using foodbank services; (2) The need to make trade-offs between food and fuel; (3) Feeling shame at using the services and (4) Missing out on pleasurable eating practices. Three case studies give fuller insights and context. All interviewees had acute and complex needs and described being 'at rock bottom', with fuel vouchers viewed as a 'lifeline' to address essential cooking, heating and electrical appliance needs. We, therefore, suggest the need for extra support and follow-up for first-time users who are in a state of denial and shock when seeking help. Further research is needed on how to best help organisations develop strategies to address and ameliorate a sense of powerlessness and shame felt by their clients which likely limits them from seeking help, despite being in acute, complex and dire need.

An innovative approach for treatment of anterior open bite in Class II division 1 patient with zygomatic implant and spur assisted appliance - A case report

Controlling anchorage is one of the foremost necessary aspects of treatment. Moderate anchorage is comparatively simple to manage with the use of some intraoral appliances and biomechanical procedures. On the opposite hand, cases that need the most anchorage need extraoral support to strengthen the anchorage. In some instances, 100 percent anchorage has got to be maintained, such an anchorage may be termed as absolute anchorage. It's tough and not possible to get absolute anchorage by using typical ways like extraoral force application. In this case report, we describe the treatment of Open bite by using the support of Zygomatic plates and Spurs anteriorly placed with the combination of posterior bite blocks.A 20-year-old female reported to our department of orthodontics with the chief complaint of anteriorly placed upper front teeth. There was no relevant medical history; she was having tongue thrusting habit, acute nasolabial angle and incompetent lips. Overjet of 12mm and anterior skeletal open bite from canine to canine of 5mm was present associated with anterior tongue thrusting habit, and constricted upper arch. The molar relation was end-on on the right side and class II on left side. Canine relation is end-on, on both the side. Growth pattern is vertical. Upper arch is well aligned with constriction in premolar region; lower arch has crowding of 6 mm. The treatment plan was selected as alignment of the teeth with fixed mechanotherapy and impaction of the maxillary posteriors using zygomatic anchorage with posterior bite block and spurs soldered to the anterior part of the appliance. The sutures were removed after 7 days, the appliance was into the patient’s mouth and secured with a power chain to the hooks of the appliance and the hook of zygomatic implant, 400gms of force was applied on both the sides.

REM-OSA as a Tool to Understand Both the Architecture of Sleep and Pathogenesis of Sleep Apnea-Literature Review.

Sleep is a complex physiological state, which can be divided into the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) phase and the REM phase. Both have some unique features and functions. This difference is best visible in electroencephalography recordings, respiratory system activity, arousals, autonomic nervous system activity, or metabolism. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition characterized by recurrent episodes of pauses in breathing during sleep caused by blockage of the upper airways. This common condition has multifactorial ethiopathogenesis (e.g., anatomical predisposition, sex, obesity, and age). Within this heterogenous syndrome, some distinctive phenotypes sharing similar clinical features can be recognized, one of them being REM sleep predominant OSA (REM-OSA). The aim of this review was to describe the pathomechanism of REM-OSA phenotype, its specific clinical presentation, and its consequences. Available data suggest that in this group of patients, the severity of specific cardiovascular and metabolic complications is increased. Due to the impact of apneas and hypopneas predominance during REM sleep, patients are more prone to develop hypertension or glucose metabolism impairment. Additionally, due to the specific function of REM sleep, which is predominantly fragmented in the REM-OSA, this group presents with decreased neurocognitive performance, reflected in memory deterioration, and mood changes including depression. REM-OSA clinical diagnosis and treatment can alleviate these outcomes, surpassing the traditional treatment and focusing on a more personalized approach, such as using longer therapy of continuous positive airway pressure or oral appliance use.

Multidisciplinar orthopedic treatment of facial asymmetry in a pediatric patient: case report

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) may be fibrous or bony (resulting from the fusion of articular surfaces, glenoid fossa, and mandibular condyle). A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to successfully rehabilitate patients with this condition since it can cause problems related to psychosocial, nutritional, facial, and occlusal factors. Depending on the patient’s age, orthotic intervention may be necessary in order to correct the malocclusion caused by TMJA. This article presents the case of a pediatric patient with idiopathic left TMJA who underwent multidisciplinary treatment at a reference center for craniofacial anomalies in western Parana. Balters Bionator orthopedic appliances were initially used, followed by rapid maxillary expansion using a Hyrax expander. This resulted in improved masticatory, esthetic, and speech functions, particularly mouth opening, as well as partial correction of mandibular asymmetry and the occlusal plane within the limits of the case. The use of functional and mechanical orthopedic appliances contributed to improved facial function and esthetics, and the multidisciplinary team’s care was essential to improving the patient’s quality of life during the rehabilitation process.

Comparison of mechanical properties and color stability of various vacuum-formed orthodontic retainers: An in vitro study

BackgroundVacuum-formed retainer (VFR) is the most used retainer due to its higher aesthetic properties and lower cost, their mechanical properties of are important in determining the stability and long-term use of appliances made out of them. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the flexural modulus, surface hardness, and color stability of three different VFR materials. Methods: Three different VFR materials, namely Duran, Keystone, and Zendura, of 1 mm thickness, were tested after thermoforming for flexural modulus, hardness, and color stability. They were formed over a stainless-steel model of 12 mm diameter and 6 mm height. Results: There were significant statistical differences (p = 0.000) in the flexural modulus and hardness of the three materials. Regarding color stability, Zendura exhibited significantly higher ΔE* values than Keystone and Duran (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Zendura had the highest flexural modulus and hardness compared with Duran and Keystone; however, it is more susceptible to color change compared to the other tested materials.

THE IMPORTANCE AND NECESSITY OF EARLY ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT: CASE REPORT

Objectives: A clinical case is presented, the treatment of which was carried out by the method of functional orthodontics, a growth modification was made during the mixed dentition of patient. The purpose of presenting this clinical case is to emphasize the importance and necessity of functional treatment once again. Methods and materials: Diagnostic models, photographs and X-ray studies of the patient and cephalometric data analysis were used. Results: As a result of the functional treatment of this clinical case, we received a precise improvement of the patient ̓s profile, improvement of the relationship of jaws, reduced overjet, reposition of tongue, complete rehabilitation of swallowing, biting and speech functions, improvement of molar relationship, normal touch of lips, increased volume of upper airway, broad and beautiful smile of patient, increase of self-esteem. Conclusions: Summing up the above and the results of the treatment of numerous patients, we can definitely come to a conclusion about the importance of the need of functional treatment. Since the fact on adequate and timely accomplished functional treatment obviously prevents a complicated process of further orthodontic treatment, the necessity of teeth extraction, increases the volume of upper airway, the use of additional appliances during the treatment with fixed - appliances is reduced, moreover the necessity of further orthognathic surgery is decreased.

Technology Vs Human Labour : Exploring the Domestic Workspace of Kerala

Ever since the discussions of technology and manual labour came to place, it is believed that technology replaces labour significantly. Studies have shown that domestic technology has revolutionized the kitchen space of families all over the world. Domestic technology is intended to make household chores easier, even though unskilled and uneducated common domestic workers may struggle to use such technology. It is observed that the Covid season has witnessed a tremendous increase in the buying of these domestic technologies as employers were forced to keep their domestic workers out of their space due to the fear of coronavirus spread. But after coming back to the new normal, it was noticed that the need for domestic workers has not decreased rather it shows an increase. The use of home appliances is increasing in Kerala society, especially in families of all strata. This paper aims to look at the effect of domestic technology on the domestic worker and also how far the power relation and the hierarchy are maintained in the most private workspace, ‘family’, through the access given to the worker to these technologies by the employer. The data was gathered through a qualitative approach based on extensive interviews with women domestic workers in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala.

The use of esthetic-functional space maintainer in pediatric dentistry: a case report

The use of space maintainers in deciduous and mixed dentition is of significant importance as it helps prevent the development of malocclusions, including those resulting from early tooth loss, by preserving the necessary space for the eruption of permanent teeth. This study aims to report a clinical case of a 10-year-old female patient. The patient presented at the Pediatric Dental Clinic of the School of Dentistry at UFAM with the main complaint of dissatisfaction with her smile. During the anamnesis, the mother reported trauma to elements 51 and 61, and the clinical examination revealed prolonged retention of these elements and malocclusion. After the extraction of the retained elements due to delayed eruption of permanent teeth, the fabrication of a space maintainer appliance was indicated for esthetic and preventive purposes. A Hawley Plate was used for this purpose, and an acrylic tooth was added for esthetic purposes. After a 5-month period of appliance use, the central and lateral incisors erupted naturally in the mouth. This treatment approach resulted in the maintenance of the upper arch perimeter, providing the necessary space for permanent teeth to erupt, thereby preventing dental inclinations and space loss, avoiding the onset of deleterious oral and parafunctional habits, future complex malocclusions, and ensuring the patient’s aesthetic well-being.

Energy planning in Sub-Saharan African countries needs to explicitly consider productive uses of electricity

Studies show the role of various electrification technologies in providing electricity access to households in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on electricity demand for end-use services such as lighting, cooking, heating, cooling and other appliance use. The demand for productive use of electricity, which is important to enhance income generation opportunities and labour productivity, is usually not considered. Using the IMAGE-TIMER integrated assessment model framework, we present a methodology to project the impact of productive activities on the electricity system of the region. We show that growing productive activities increase household electricity demand by half, which has important consequences for determining the cost-optimal electrification technologies. We argue that planning of electricity systems should accommodate this increase in electricity demand for productive uses. In addition, while productive uses of electricity have a positive impact on the financial viability of electrification systems, they also increase the electricity sector investment requirements considerably.

Ill-Fitting Dental Appliances and Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review and Case Report

Background: Associations between the use of dental appliances and oral cancer remain controversial. No studies have reported a relationship between dental appliances in the setting of cleft palate management and oral cancer. This study characterizes the correlation between dental appliances and oral cancer and includes a case report of a patient with a history of cleft palate repair who later developed oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods: We performed a systematic review for studies from 1980 to 2022 of patients who had dental prostheses and who were subsequently diagnosed with OSCC. Variables included the percentage of OSCC cases wearing dental appliances, intraoral cancer location, and noted associations between reported risk factors and OSCC. Results: Of the 6323 patients from the 31 articles analyzed, the most common specified locations for the neoplastic lesion were at the gingiva and lateral border of the tongue. Seventeen studies found an association between OSCC and denture use (54.8%), while 9 studies (29.0%) specifically found a positive association between oral sores and OSCC. Our case patient had complete dental extraction at the age of 12 with subsequent life-long dentures. At age 69, he presented with invasive OSCC. Conclusions: Chronic irritation from ill-fitted dental appliances are associated with oral sores and cancer. This study reports a cleft palate repair patient with lifelong use of dentures who presented with OSCC despite having no known risk factors for oral cancer.

Reflection on patients’ experience with orthodontic appliances wear and its impact on oral health related quality of life: observational comparative study

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to explore and compare patient’s experience with the use of a removable functional appliance or fixed orthodontic appliance and its influence on oral health-related quality of life.Material and methodsThis clinical trial included 81 participants having Class II Division 1 and age ranging between 10 and 16 years. The participants were included in any of a three equal groups according to the set inclusion and exclusion criteria; Group 1: patients treated with a Twin-Block functional appliance; Group 2: patients treated with a fixed orthodontic appliance only; and Group 3 (control group): patients not in orthodontic treatment yet. The COHIP SF-19 was used. Patients were given the questionnaire as follows: Group 1: (1) after at least 8 months from starting treatment; (2) after completing phase 1 by 2–3 months without wearing the appliance; Group 2: (1) just before debonding; (2) after finishing the treatment by 2–3 months without any appliances; and Group 3: (1) at the patient’s first visit to the orthodontic clinic; (2) after 2–3 months from the first visit to the orthodontic clinic and before starting any treatment.ResultsThe 81 participants were 31 males and 50 females with median age of 13 years. The total COHIP SF-19 scores at baseline were 57 (49–64), 67 (63–72), and 47 (42–53) for the Twin-Block, the fixed appliance, and the malocclusion groups, respectively. Two-month mean scores adjusted to the baseline scores were 64.82 ± 1.15, 65.65 ± 1.47, and 54.45 ± 1.44 for the Twin-Block, the fixed appliance, and the malocclusion groups, respectively.ConclusionsBoth at baseline and two-months (adjusted to the baseline scores), participants in the malocclusion group showed compromised socio-emotional quality of life and reported the poorest total OHRQoL. At the baseline, better socio-emotional and total OHRQoL was reported by the fixed appliance group compared to the Twin-Block group but, after two months both groups gave similar sores. Therefore; patients’ perceptions about their experience with the orthodontic appliance might change.

The determinants of household electricity demand in Turkey: An implementation of the Heckman Sample Selection model

Residential areas have a significant share in electrical energy consumption in Turkey. At this point, determining electricity consumption demand in residential areas will significantly contribute to ensuring energy efficiency throughout the country. Accurate econometric modelling of the relationships between the various socio-economic characteristics of households and their energy consumption/expenditure can serve as a basis for policymakers when planning investments aimed at efficiency on primary energy consumption in residences. Considering these issues, this study aims to examine the electricity consumption demand in residential areas in Turkey in terms of various socio-economic and building and property characteristics variables. At this point, the fact that some households have zero electricity consumption has led to the need to use censored regression models. The Heckman Sample Selection model was used, which makes it possible to estimate the consumption decision of individuals in two stages and eliminates the parameter bias problem caused by linear regression analysis. Heckman Sample Selection modelling was carried out in the study using Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) 2019 Household Budget Survey data. According to the results, it has been determined that annual disposable income, various demographic variables (age, education level, marital status), characteristics of the house (size) and the presence of various electrical household appliances (air conditioner, tumble dryer, deep freezer) have significant effects on electricity consumption. The systematic preparation of informative brochures on the effective use of household electrical appliances can significantly contribute to efficiency. In addition, in countries like Turkey that depend on foreign energy, providing incentives towards renewable energy sources is considered necessary to contribute to the country's economy positively.