Unusual Entry Research Articles

An unusual foreign body nose: a case report

Nasal foreign bodies constitute an emergency and are more common in children with insertion generally via anterior nares. Case presentation: We present a case of 57-year-old-man with unusual entry site foreign body nose after external trauma to face, confirmed by 3D computed tomography and extracted through nasal route without any complication. Thus, nasal foreign bodies, a frequent accident in medical practice, usually harmless, but if neglected may cause complications hence prompt extraction is important.

Вклад профессора Р.Ю. Рахматуллина в развитие российского исламоведения (памяти друга)

The article describes the contribution of a prominent Russian philosopher professor Rafael Rakh-matullin to the development of domestic Islamic studies. His unusual entry into the academic sphere and teaching activities in higher education, his personal participation in one of the Sufi tariqas (brotherhoods) over a period of several years allowed Rafael Rakhmatullin to develop and leave a rich creative legacy on the problems of Islamic studies: both from the point of view of reli-gious studies, and from the standpoint of a deep theological research into the most important prob-lems of modern Islamic doctrine, while preserving the secular philosophical discourse of analysis.

Anomaly Detection in Log Files Using Selected Natural Language Processing Methods

In this article, we address the problem of detecting anomalies in system log files. Computer systems generate huge numbers of events, which are noted in event log files. While most of them report normal actions, an unusual entry may inform about a failure or malware infection. A human operator may easily miss such an entry; therefore, anomaly detection methods are used for this purpose. In our work, we used an approach known from the natural language processing (NLP) domain, which operates on so-called embeddings, that is vector representations of words or phrases. We describe an improved version of the LogEvent2Vec algorithm, proposed in 2020. In contrast to the original version, we propose a significant shortening of the analysis window, which both increased the accuracy of anomaly detection and made further analysis of suspicious sequences much easier. We experimented with various binary classifiers, such as decision trees or multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), and the Blue Gene/L dataset. We showed that selecting an optimal classifier (in this case, MLP) and a short log sequence gave very good results. The improved version of the algorithm yielded the best F1-score of 0.997, compared to 0.886 in the original version of the algorithm.

Beyond the Quagmire: New Interpretations of the Vietnam War

Beyond the Quagmire: New Interpretations of the Vietnam War

A Non-necrotizing abdominal dermo-hypodermatitis with an unusual entry site

A Non-necrotizing abdominal dermo-hypodermatitis with an unusual entry site

Recent Developments in Natural Product Inspired Synthetic 1,2,4- Trioxolanes (Ozonides): An Unusual Entry into Antimalarial Chemotherapy.

According to WHO "World health statistics 2018", malaria alongside acute respiratory infections and diarrhoea, is one of the major infectious disease causing children's death in between the age of 1-5 years. Similarly, according to another report (2016) malaria accounts for approximately 3.14% of the total disease burden worldwide. Although malaria has been widely eradicated in many parts of the world, the global number of cases continues to rise due to the rapid spread of malaria parasites that are resistant to antimalarial drugs. Artemisinin (8), a major breakthrough in the antimalarial chemotherapy was isolated from the plant Artemisia annua in 1972. Its semi-synthetic derivatives such as artemether (9), arteether (10), and artesunic acid (11) are quite effective against multi-drug resistant malaria strains and are currently the drug of choice for the treatment of malaria. Inspite of exhibiting excellent antimalarial activity by artemisinin (8) and its derivatives, parallel programmes for the discovery of novel natural and synthetic peroxides were also the area of investigation of medicinal chemists all over the world. In these continuous efforts of extensive research, natural ozonide (1,2,4- trioxolane) was isolated from Adiantum monochlamys (Pteridaceae) and Oleandra wallichii (Davalliaceae) in 1976. These naturally occurring stable ozonides inspired chemists to investigate this novel class for antimalarial chemotherapy. The first identification of unusually stable synthetic antimalarial 1,2,4-trioxolanes was reported in 1992. Thus, an unusual entry of ozonides in the field of antimalarial chemotherapy had occurred in the early nineties. This review highlights the recent advancements and historical developments observed during the past 42 years (1976-2018) focusing mainly on important ventures of the antimalarial 1,2,4-trioxolanes (ozonides).

Mitigating combinatorial attacks in node to node communication using high level security measures based on analysis of efficiency factor through regression and deviation

In this contemporary world, mobile ad-hoc networks emerges as an imperative field in computer science. An application of MANET is vehicular networks (VANET) which gives its maximum coverage towards real time actions like vehicular traffic control etc. A mobile ad-hoc network is a network where nodes are movable in state, infrastructure-less, self-configuring and self-repairing from the disconnected links between the nodes. The network topology changes according to the nodes’ factors. Due to lack of monitoring, any node can join the network topology based on RF level or distance coverage. Any unauthorised node enters the network and involves in communication without any legalized acceptance from the network. In case of any unusual entry of the node will results in degrade in the network efficiency factors. Anyhow it will ruin the entire network performance and makes to split the topology which causes overhead to start from the initial process. In this paper, we combined one or more attacks by deploying one or more suspicious nodes into the network. By analysing the results from simulation various performance factors are compared based on several test cases. An authorised agent node is placed in the network and issues secret key value to the mobile nodes. Analysis form the results are calculated using regression and deviation method. This paper also gives the analysis of various combinatorial ways of deployed attacks in the network.

Atypical Gunshot Injury to the Ear: A Case Report

Bullet injuries to head and neck are usually associated with high mortality and morbidity due to a number of vital structures lying in close proximity. We present a rare case of air-gun injury with an unusual entry wound. The pellet having a simple trajectory was lodged into middle ear avoiding all important structures.

ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Radical Attack on a Pyrimidine Nitrogen. An Unusual Entry into Polycyclic Aminopyrimidones.

ChemInformVolume 45, Issue 48 Heterocyclic Compounds ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Radical Attack on a Pyrimidine Nitrogen. An Unusual Entry into Polycyclic Aminopyrimidones. Ling Qin, Ling Qin Lab. Synth. Org., CNRS, Ec. Polytech., F-91128 Palaiseau, Fr.Search for more papers by this authorZhibo Liu, Zhibo Liu Lab. Synth. Org., CNRS, Ec. Polytech., F-91128 Palaiseau, Fr.Search for more papers by this authorSamir Z. Zard, Samir Z. Zard Lab. Synth. Org., CNRS, Ec. Polytech., F-91128 Palaiseau, Fr.Search for more papers by this author Ling Qin, Ling Qin Lab. Synth. Org., CNRS, Ec. Polytech., F-91128 Palaiseau, Fr.Search for more papers by this authorZhibo Liu, Zhibo Liu Lab. Synth. Org., CNRS, Ec. Polytech., F-91128 Palaiseau, Fr.Search for more papers by this authorSamir Z. Zard, Samir Z. Zard Lab. Synth. Org., CNRS, Ec. Polytech., F-91128 Palaiseau, Fr.Search for more papers by this author First published: 13 November 2014 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.201448171Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume45, Issue48December 2, 2014 RelatedInformation

An unusual entry site for a nasal foreign body: a neglected trauma patient

Foreign body (FB) in the nose is a frequent situation seen generally among children. A variety of objects left in different sites of the nose has been reported in the literature. Insertion of a FB to the nose is generally via the anterior nares. In this report, an unusual entry site for a nasal FB in a neglected trauma patient is presented. FB should be suspected and investigated in children after penetrating facial injury.

109 HEPATITIS B VIRUS RESTRAINS ACTIVATION OF SPECIFIC INTERFERON RESPONSIVE GENES IN HUMAN HEPATOCYTES REPOPULATING THE LIVER OF UPA/SCID MICE

had no effect of infectivity of HBV. Macropinocytosis could be ruled out as entry pathway of HBV since uptake of the pinocytic marker substrate horseradish-peroxidase (HRP) was efficiently blocked with Ethylisopropylamiloride (EIPA), but had no impact on HBV infection. Agents that prevent endosomal acidification, e.g. Bafilomycin and NH4Cl, were not able to inhibit HBV infection, but blocked infection with SFV very efficiently. Conclusions: These results suggest that in contrast to other viruses, HBV does not use classical clathrinor caveolin-dependent endocytic mechanism for infection, but an unusual endosomal entry pathway that needs to be determined. A low pH within endosomal compartments, important for infection of many other enveloped viruses is not necessary to establish an HBV infection in primary hepatocytes.

110 MODULATION OF HBV REPLICATION AND CELLULAR GENE EXPRESSION BY MICRORNA-1

had no effect of infectivity of HBV. Macropinocytosis could be ruled out as entry pathway of HBV since uptake of the pinocytic marker substrate horseradish-peroxidase (HRP) was efficiently blocked with Ethylisopropylamiloride (EIPA), but had no impact on HBV infection. Agents that prevent endosomal acidification, e.g. Bafilomycin and NH4Cl, were not able to inhibit HBV infection, but blocked infection with SFV very efficiently. Conclusions: These results suggest that in contrast to other viruses, HBV does not use classical clathrinor caveolin-dependent endocytic mechanism for infection, but an unusual endosomal entry pathway that needs to be determined. A low pH within endosomal compartments, important for infection of many other enveloped viruses is not necessary to establish an HBV infection in primary hepatocytes.

Radical cation/radical reactions: A Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance study of allyl radical reacting with aromatic radical cations

A method for the study of reactions of open-shell neutrals (radicals) and radical cations is described. Pyrolysis (25–1500 °C) of thermally labile compounds, such as, 1,5-hexadiene via a Chen nozzle yields a seeded beam of reactive species in helium. The pyrolysis products are then analyzed by electron ionization (EI) or reacted with stored ions. Electron ionization of the pyrolysis products of 1,5-hexadiene shows that both the allyl radical and allene are generated. Reactions of benzene radical cations and the pyrolysis products of 1,5-hexadiene result in carbon–carbon bond formation. Those reactions of allyl radical with the benzene radical cation yield the C 7H 7 + ion of m/ z 91, permitting an unusual entry into arenium ions. The reaction of allene with benzene radical cation in contrast yields C 9H 10 + and C 9H 9 +.

Intracellular pathway of Onconase that enables its delivery to the cytosol

Onconase is an RNase with a very specific property because it is selectively toxic to transformed cells. This toxin is thought to recognize cell surface receptors, and the protection conferred by metabolic poisons against Onconase toxicity indicated that this RNase relies on endocytic uptake to kill cells. Nevertheless, its internalization pathway has yet to be unraveled. We show here that Onconase enters cells using AP-2/clathrin-mediated endocytosis. It is then routed, together with transferrin, to the receptor recycling compartment. Increasing the Onconase concentration in this structure using tetanus toxin light chain expression enhanced Onconase toxicity, indicating that recycling endosomes are a key compartment for Onconase cytosolic delivery. This intracellular destination is specific to Onconase because other (and much less toxic) RNases follow the default pathway to late endosomes/lysosomes. Drugs neutralizing endosomal pH increased Onconase translocation efficiency from purified endosomes during cell-free translocation assays by preventing Onconase dissociation from its receptor at endosomal pH. Consistently, endosome neutralization enhanced Onconase toxicity up to 100-fold. Onconase translocation also required cytosolic ATP hydrolysis. This toxin therefore shows an unusual entry process that relies on clathrin-dependent endocytic uptake and then neutralization of low endosomal pH for efficient translocation from the endosomal lumen to the cytosol.

Cell-Free Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transcytosis through Primary Genital Epithelial Cells

Although the transport of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through the epithelium is critical for HIV-1 colonization, the mechanisms controlling this process remain obscure. In the present study, we investigated the transcellular migration of HIV-1 as a cell-free virus through primary genital epithelial cells (PGECs). The absence of CD4 on PGECs implicates an unusual entry pathway for HIV-1. We found that syndecans are abundantly expressed on PGECs and promote the initial attachment and subsequent entry of HIV-1 through PGECs. Although CXCR4 and CCR5 do not contribute to HIV-1 attachment, they enhance viral entry and transcytosis through PGECs. Importantly, HIV-1 exploits both syndecans and chemokine receptors to ensure successful cell-free transport through the genital epithelium. HIV-1-syndecan interactions rely on specific residues in the V3 of gp120 and specific sulfations within syndecans. We found no obvious correlation between coreceptor usage and the capacity of the virus to transcytose. Since viruses isolated after sexual transmission are mainly R5 viruses, this suggests that the properties conferring virus replication after transmission are distinct from those conferring cell-free virus transcytosis through the genital epithelium. Although we found that cell-free HIV-1 crosses PGECs as infectious particles, the efficiency of transcytosis is extremely poor (less than 0.02% of the initial inoculum). This demonstrates that the genital epithelium serves as a major barrier against HIV-1. Although one cannot exclude the possibility that limited passage of cell-free HIV-1 transcytosis through an intact genital epithelium occurs in vivo, it is likely that the establishment of infection via cell-free HIV-1 transmigration is a rare event.

Unusual Entry to the Novel 8‐Halo‐N1‐ribosyl Hypoxanthine System by Degradation of a Cyclic Adenosine‐5′‐diphosphate Ribose Analogue.

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

Unusual entry to the novel 8-halo-N1-ribosyl hypoxanthine system by degradation of a cyclic adenosine-5′-diphosphate ribose analogue

Cyclic 8-bromo-inosine-5'-diphosphate ribose (8-Br-N1-cIDPR) was cleanly degraded at acidic pH by N9 ribosyl scission and subsequent pyrophosphate cleavage to give 8-bromo-N1-ribosyl hypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate (8-Br-N1-IMP), a novel class of mononucleotide, as the sole product.

Israel Scheffler interviewed by Harvey Siegel

In this interview with Harvey Siegel, Israel Scheffler reflects on his career in philosophy of education. Beginning with his unusual entry into the field, he discusses the connections between his own early projects and that of R. S. Peters and Paul Hirst to make philisophy a central part of teacher education programmes, and articulates his view of the importance of general philosophy for work in philosophy of education. He reaffirms his longstanding commitment to the central importance of rationality in education, and reconsiders the fact/value distinction and the place of analysis in philosophy of education. He discusses the enduring legacy of Dewey, and assesses changing trends in the philosophy of education and the current state of the subject.

1,2,4-Trioxane in organic synthesis. Unusual entry to diverse carbocyclic frameworks derived from β-ionone

Synthesis of [4.4.0]- or [5.3.0]-bicyclic frameworks was achieved via sequential intramolecular Michael/aldol and tandem intramolecular adol/aldol strategies, starting from acyclic precursors derived from β-ionone.

The Burgermeister's Daughter: Scandal in a Sixteenth-Century German Town

In an era when women were supposed to be disciplined and obedient, Anna proved to be neither. Defying 16th-century social mores, she was the frequent subject of gossip because of her immodest dress and flirtatious behavior. When her wealthy father discovered that she was having secret, simultaneous affairs with a young nobleman and a cavalryman, he turned her out of the house in rage, but when she sued him for financial support, he had her captured, returned home and chained to a table as punishment. Anna eventually escaped and continued her suit against her father, her siblings and her home town in a bitter legal battle that was to last 30 years and end only upon her death. Drawn from her surviving love letters and court records, The Burgermeister's Daughter is a fascinating examination of the politics of sexuality, gender and family in the 16th century, and a powerful testament to the courage and tenacity of a woman who defied the inequalities of this distant age.A very considerable history by an accomplished scholar. --Atlantic Monthly A splendid and very unusual entry into the private life of the distant past. --New York Times Book Review Compelling, suspenseful, and 'sexy'...impossible to put down. --Yale Review