University Network Research Articles

Overview on GRS CFD activities related to containment applications

Abstract In the case of a severe accident in a nuclear power plant, hydrogen could be produced in the superheated reactor core. The hydrogen could flow through a leak in the primary circuit into the containment and a hydrogen deflagration could occur. A consequence of such an event was the Fukushima accident in 2011. For the analysis of such events, different phenomena in the reactor containment must be simulated correctly such as the distribution of steam and hydrogen, steam condensation, thermal radiation, conjugated heat transfer, hydrogen recombination and deflagration. The application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods for such analyses is becoming more relevant. Selected models needed to simulate the different containment phenomena with OpenFOAM are currently being tested, validated or improved and further developed by a network of German research institutes and universities.

Assessing the influence of bibliometric factors and organizational characteristics on the centrality degree of inter-university collaborative networks: a neural network approach

Introduction. The centrality degree of a university collaborative network indicates how many other universities the given university has active collaborations with. The study analyses the centrality of university-level collaboration networks and aim to assess the influence of organizational characteristics and bibliometric factors of universities on the centrality degree. Method. This study used artificial neural networks, particularly a multilayer perceptron. The input variables included number of documents published, citations, size, type, and location of the university. Data was extracted from the census of institutions identified within the inter-university collaborative networks of Santander and Caldas in Colombia. A total of 154 universities comprises the dataset for the territory of Santander and 126 for Caldas. Results. The results indicated that bibliometric factors had a significant influence on the centrality degree of the networks. Organizational characteristics also had an influence, but to a lesser extent than bibliometric factors. Conclusion. The study found that the research output and impact are the most important factors in predicting the centrality degree of a university in a collaborative network. This suggests that policies to increase the research output and impact of a university are likely to result in a more central position in the network.

Outcomes and costs with the introduction of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery in public hospitals.

Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is an effective treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but the effects of its implementation in university hospital networks has not been described. We analyzed the early clinical outcomes, estimated costs, and revenues associated with three robotic systems implemented in the Paris Public Hospital network. A retrospective study included patients who underwent RATS for NSCLC in 2019 and 2020. Ninety-day morbidity, mortality, hospital costs, and hospital revenues were described. Economic analyses were conducted either from the hospital center or from the French health insurance system perspectives. Cost drivers were tested using univariate and multivariable analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess uncertainty over in-hospital length of stay (LOS), number of robotic surgeries per year, investment cost, operating room occupancy time, maintenance cost, and commercial discount. The study included 188 patients (65.8 ± 9.3years; Charlson 4.1 ± 1.4; stage I 76.6%). Median in-hospital LOS was 6days [5-9.5], 90-day mortality was 1.6%. Mean hospital expenses and revenues were €12,732 ± 4914 and €11,983 ± 5708per patient, respectively. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with hospital costs were body mass index, DLCO, major complications, and transfer to intensive care unit. Sensitivity analyses showed that in-hospital LOS (€11,802-€15,010) and commercial discounts on the list price (€11,458-€12,732) had an important impact on costs. During the first 2years following the installation of three robotic systems in Paris Public Hospitals, the clinical outcomes of RATS for NSCLC have been satisfactory. Without commercial discount, hospital expenses would have exceeded hospital revenues.Clinical registration number CNIL, N°2221601, CERC-SFCTCV-2021-07-20-Num17_MOPI_robolution.

Multinational External Validation of Autonomous Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in children, with significant disparities in outcomes between high-income and low-income countries, due in part to insufficient access to ROP screening. To evaluate how well autonomous artificial intelligence (AI)-based ROP screening can detect more-than-mild ROP (mtmROP) and type 1 ROP. This diagnostic study evaluated the performance of an AI algorithm, trained and calibrated using 2530 examinations from 843 infants in the Imaging and Informatics in Retinopathy of Prematurity (i-ROP) study, on 2 external datasets (6245 examinations from 1545 infants in the Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of ROP [SUNDROP] and 5635 examinations from 2699 infants in the Aravind Eye Care Systems [AECS] telemedicine programs). Data were taken from 11 and 48 neonatal care units in the US and India, respectively. Data were collected from January 2012 to July 2021, and data were analyzed from July to December 2023. An imaging processing pipeline was created using deep learning to autonomously identify mtmROP and type 1 ROP in eye examinations performed via telemedicine. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) as well as sensitivity and specificity for detection of mtmROP and type 1 ROP at the eye examination and patient levels. The prevalence of mtmROP and type 1 ROP were 5.9% (91 of 1545) and 1.2% (18 of 1545), respectively, in the SUNDROP dataset and 6.2% (168 of 2699) and 2.5% (68 of 2699) in the AECS dataset. Examination-level AUROCs for mtmROP and type 1 ROP were 0.896 and 0.985, respectively, in the SUNDROP dataset and 0.920 and 0.982 in the AECS dataset. At the cross-sectional examination level, mtmROP detection had high sensitivity (SUNDROP: mtmROP, 83.5%; 95% CI, 76.6-87.7; type 1 ROP, 82.2%; 95% CI, 81.2-83.1; AECS: mtmROP, 80.8%; 95% CI, 76.2-84.9; type 1 ROP, 87.8%; 95% CI, 86.8-88.7). At the patient level, all infants who developed type 1 ROP screened positive (SUNDROP: 100%; 95% CI, 81.4-100; AECS: 100%; 95% CI, 94.7-100) prior to diagnosis. Where and when ROP telemedicine programs can be implemented, autonomous ROP screening may be an effective force multiplier for secondary prevention of ROP.

SICURO+: A web platform to raise awareness on seismic risk in Italy

Italy is a country with high seismic risk. In the past many catastrophic earthquakes have occurred causing severe damage to buildings and infrastructures, serious economic impacts, and the loss of thousands of human lives. To mitigate the impact of seismic risk, as well as of other risks, many efforts have been made, implementing preventive structural measures and acting to raise awareness in the community. In Italy, this need was strengthened with the emanation of the new Civil Protection Code (D.Lgs January 2, 2018 n.1), with the purpose of encouraging the participation of citizens and spreading risk knowledge and the culture of civil protection, thus contributing to “increase the resilience of communities” (art. 31). As part of the agreement between the Italian Civil Protection Department (ICPD) and EUCENTRE (European Centre for training and research in Earthquake Engineering), an interactive web-tool was developed to allow citizens to display the most updated seismic risk maps. These maps were produced in 2018 by the ICPD, with the relevant support of the scientific community operating in the field of seismic risk, in particular of ReLUIS (The Laboratories University Network of seismic engineering) and EUCENTRE. The web-tool, named SICURO+ (Information System for Risk Communication, www.sicuropiu.it), was created to raise awareness in citizens on seismic risk in the place where they live, work, or go on holiday. Communication strategies and behavioural techniques were designed and tested experimentally with the support of behavioural scientists, as part of an agreement between the National School of Administration and the Prime Minister's Office.

Using an Institution Platform of E-Learning in English Language Teaching (ELT) Process at ITB AAS Indonesia

E-learning relies on technology. It requires hardware, software, and network infrastructure. Most e-learning environments today are Web-based, so they can be accessed via Web browsers (using HTTP) over a TCP/IP network such as a university or campus network. The objective of this research is to describe the implementation and to find the strengths and weaknesses of the institution's platform of e-learning in ITB AAS Indonesia. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The result analysis shows that ITB AAS Indonesia has an e-learning system that can be accessed at https://itbaas.ac.id/elearning/. The learning process may be governed or managed by a system based on LMS (Learning Management System). The implementation of online English teaching by using e-learning consists include planning, implementation, and evaluation. In preparing English language teaching, the lecture follows instructions for creating materials. Before uploading material, the English lecturer prepares the material file that he/she wants to upload, fills in all material identities (title of the material, choice of courses, choice of class, material content) then uploads material files. In the implementation of English Language Teaching, the English lecturer prepares the media of video conferencing in online learning. The English lecturer carries out online learning by using Zoom meetings and YouTube Live Streaming. In evaluation, the English lecturer can evaluate by giving the mid-term and final semester tasks in the e-learning platform. The e-learning system in ITB AAS Indonesia has advantages, of course, it also has disadvantages. Therefore, the process of improving the e-learning application is still required and needs to be improved for the success of the teaching and learning process.

Research on Network Teaching Collaboration Platform Using Flipped Classroom Teaching Mode

The quick development of intelligent information technology in modern society has accelerated education informatisation. Accordingly, the traditional modes of instruction and methods of instruction are no longer able to satisfy the educational needs of modern society, so the flipped classroom teaching method emerges at the historic moment. While injecting fresh vitality into education, this model can also reflect good teaching effects, which is of enormous practical relevance to the development of education. Additionally, flipped classroom teaching is made possible by the online teaching resources offered by colleges and institutions. In view of the unreasonable distribution of curriculum resources in the current university network teaching platform, this study proposes a university network platform combining flipped classroom teaching mode and improved Apriori algorithm. First of all, to achieve the acceptable allocation and suggestion of learning materials in accordance with students’ learning demands, the Apriori algorithm is introduced to address the university network teaching platform’s lack of adequate planning and organisation. After that, the flipped classroom teaching mode is introduced into the online teaching platform for empirical research. According to the trial findings, more than 90.22 % of the students had improved their study habits. The network teaching platform proposed by the research institute can stimulate college students’ learning interest and improve their learning ability to a certain extent.

China's Universities Network Security Current Situation and Solutions

With the development of new technologies such as the Internet, artificial intelligence and big data, more convenience has been brought to Chinese colleges and universities, but it is followed by threats in network security. Due to the maturity of big data algorithms, it is easy to leak personal information and cause campus network security accidents while bringing convenience to college students. China's university network has experienced great development, but the current situation is not optimistic. There are many problems such as not paying attention to the ideology, heavy construction and light application. This paper focuses on the system construction, safety education and professional construction of these problems.

Filtering and Detection of Real-Time Spam Mail Based on a Bayesian Approach in University Networks

With the advent of digital technologies as an integral part of today’s everyday life, the risk of information security breaches is increasing. Email spam, commonly known as junk email, continues to pose a significant challenge in the digital realm, inundating inboxes with unsolicited and often irrelevant messages. This relentless influx of spam not only disrupts user productivity but also raises security concerns, as it frequently serves as a vehicle for phishing attempts, malware distribution, and other cyber threats. The prevalence of spam is fueled by its low-cost dissemination and its ability to reach a wide audience, exploiting vulnerabilities in email systems. This paper marks the inception of an in-depth investigation into the viability and potential implementation of a robust spam filtering and prevention system tailored explicitly to university networks. With the escalating threat of email-based hacking attacks and the incessant deluge of spam, the need for a comprehensive and effective defense mechanism within academic institutions becomes increasingly imperative. In exploring potential solutions, this study delves into the applicability and efficacy of Bayesian filters, a class of probabilistic classifiers renowned for their aptitude in distinguishing between legitimate emails and spam messages. Bayesian filters utilize statistical algorithms to analyze email content, learning patterns and features to accurately categorize incoming emails.

University commuting during the COVID-19 pandemic: Changes in travel behaviour and mode preferences

One prominent change induced by the COVID-19 pandemic concerns the worldwide use of public transportation for commuting purposes. This study focused on university commuting in Italy by examining the propensity to change transport modes under different infection risk scenarios. Data were collected in 2020 through an online survey of college mobility conducted by the Italian University Network for Sustainable Development. Asking the respondents to consider both a pessimistic and an optimistic scenario, with respect to the risk odds of being infected, we followed a two-step approach to study the prospective travel habits of college users. First, we tested a logit model to estimate the propensity to abandon one's pre-COVID-19 commuting mode. Then, we investigated the factors influencing the choice of switching from public transportation to either cars or active modes by estimating a multinomial logit model. By exploiting the novelty of considering two risk scenarios, this study highlighted that, especially in the pessimistic case, the change to active modes was constrained by spatial aspects in favour of motorized vehicles. From a policy perspective, this COVID-19-based natural experiment advocates transportation authorities taking effective actions to ensure that, in case of emergencies, a modal shift would not benefit more-polluting transport means.

Benchmarking the benchmark — Comparing synthetic and real-world Network IDS datasets

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) are an increasingly important tool for the prevention and mitigation of cyber attacks. Over the past years, a lot of research efforts have aimed at leveraging the increasingly powerful models of Machine Learning (ML) for this purpose. A number of labelled synthetic datasets have been generated and made publicly available by researchers, and they have become the benchmarks via which new ML-based NIDS classifiers are being evaluated. Recently published results show excellent classification performance with these datasets, increasingly approaching 100 percent performance across key evaluation metrics such as Accuracy, F1 score, AUC, etc. Unfortunately, we have not yet seen these excellent academic research results translated into practical NIDS systems with such near-perfect performance. This motivated our research presented in this paper, where we analyse the statistical properties of the benign traffic in three of the more recent and relevant NIDS datasets, (CIC_IDS, UNSW_NB15, TON_IOT), by converting them into a common flow format. As a comparison, we consider two datasets obtained from real-world production networks, one from a university network and one from a medium size Internet Service Provider (ISP). Our results show that the two real-world datasets are quite similar among themselves in regards to most of the considered statistical features. Equally, the three synthetic datasets are also relatively similar within their group. However, and most importantly, our results show a distinct difference of most of the considered statistical features between the three synthetic datasets and the two real-world datasets. Since ML relies on the basic assumption of training and test datasets being sampled from the same distribution, this raises the question of how well the performance results of ML-classifiers trained on the considered synthetic datasets can translate and generalise to real-world networks. We believe this is an interesting and relevant question which provides motivation for further research in this space.

Cultural persistence and change in university students' social networking motives and problematic use

This cross-cultural study assessed the problematic use and motivations of social networking sites (SNS) among university students in China, Malawi, and the UK. A sample of 975 students completed the 10-item WeChat Excessive Use Scale and 20-item measure of SNS motivations across friendship, convenience, social support, information, and entertainment dimensions. Results showed that SNS problematic use was significantly lower in the individualistic UK compared to collectivistic China and Malawi. Critical cultural differences also emerged in usage motivations. Chinese and Malawian youth scored higher on social motivations like friendship and support compared to the UK. However, the entertainment motive was associated with the problematic use of SNS across all groups, reflecting the globalised digital culture. While Malawi's collectivism ordinarily emphasises social cohesion, this sample showed weaker associations between problematic SNS use and social support motivations. Material constraints limiting access may reduce online social reliance compared to China. Findings reveal both persisting and evolving cultural dynamics as new technologies spread globally. Uses and gratification theory helps explain these nuances. Ultimately, universal and culturally specific facets of social networking motivations must be considered in addressing the global problematic use of social media.

Design team formation using self-assessment and observer-assessment techniques: mapping practices in a global network of universities

Abstract Design engineering education is increasingly challenge-based, which requires educators to form cohesive student teams capable of delivering desired outcomes while fostering learning and collaboration. An example is an international network in which students from different global universities collaborate. Student teams work on researching the problem space, re-framing their challenge and producing multiple prototypes. The challenge for the teaching teams is to be able to form multiple cohesive teams out of a pre-selected group of highly motivated students. Because of the exclusive nature of this educational program, it is a suitable case study for exploring student design team formation practices. The aim is to identify the methods, tools, theoretical underpinnings, challenges and limitations of student team formation. We interviewed teachers from seven universities about their practices. The interviewees had several years of experience in team building. The interviews were analyzed to contrast practices across universities as well as to the team formation literature. Our findings show that mixed methods that combine self-assessments and observer-assessment methods are the preferred means of forming teams. Our findings also show that current practices have evolved over time through trial and error, and are only partially grounded in different literatures and not necessarily in team formation literature.

Museum presentation and new trends in exhibition displays from a museological perspective using the example of selected European university museums and collections

Against the background of museological theory, this paper questions new trends in current museum exhibition displays, focusing on universities as institutions of higher education and as preservers of cultural heritage. The first part of this paper provides an overview of university heritage, its scale and scope and the labels of heritagisation that can be linked to it. In the second part of the paper, select examples of university exhibitions are introduced – each of which dealing with a specific university heritage. These examples are all part of the Coimbra Group network of universities, which includes some of the oldest universities in Europe. The exhibitions are analysed in terms of their forms of presentation, the way in which they deal with objects as evidence for university history and the communication modes they use.

Lessons Learned: Enterprise Information System Project on Education Institution

This paper addresses the challenges posed by Industry 4.0 and the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitate digital transformation in educational institutions. It focuses on the specific issues of integrating enterprise information systems to facilitate this transformation. The solution proposed is the development of an integrated information system to manage operational processes within educational institutions. This system targets key domains including student admissions, academics, finance, and human resources, utilizing role-based access control (RBAC) and Single Sign-On (SSO) for efficiency and security. The methodology involves a collaborative effort under the Matching Fund program by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia. This collaboration includes the Universitas Islam Indonesia and the Salman Alfarisi Yogyakarta educational institution. The approach includes defining the project, collecting, and reviewing lessons, creating a repository of these lessons, and disseminating the findings. The project successfully developed and implemented an integrated information system, addressing the initial challenges and improving organizational efficiency in the participating educational institution. The system’s deployment covered multiple key operational domains, significantly digitizing the institution’s processes. This paper contributes valuable insights and best practices from the integration project, serving as a model for other universities and educational institutions. It showcases the potential of collaborative efforts in accelerating digital transformation in education, especially in the context of Indonesia’s vast network of universities and educational institutions.

The use of Information and Communication Technologies in Primary Health Care in Brazil - the period of 2014 to 2018.

Information and Communication Technologies in Health allow the storage and processing of digital data, access to information and remote communications. The objective of this article was to describe the use of these Technologies to support clinical practice and continuing education by primary health care teams in Brazil the period of 2014 to 2018, within the scope of the Access and Quality Improvement Program Basic, according to characteristics of the geopolitical context. It's a cross-sectional study that analyzed the data collected from the teams of the Basic Health Units. A growing use by the teams of Telehealth resources, the Telemedicine University Network and the Open University of the Unified Health System was observed to aid clinical practice and permanent health education. In the North and Northeast regions, the use of these Technologies doubled, from cycle II to cycle III. The need for investments in infrastructure, human resources in Primary Health Care, qualification and professional training is a way to strengthen the Unified Health System and its Health Care Network, contributing to a continuous flow of care, with quality and access universal.

Developing partnerships for academic data science consulting and collaboration units.

Data science consulting and collaboration units (DSUs) are core infrastructure for research at universities. Activities span data management, study design, data analysis, data visualization, predictive modelling, preparing reports, manuscript writing and advising on statistical methods and may include an experiential or teaching component. Partnerships are needed for a thriving DSU as an active part of the larger university network. Guidance for identifying, developing and managing successful partnerships for DSUs can be summarized in six rules: (1) align with institutional strategic plans, (2) cultivate partnerships that fit your mission, (3) ensure sustainability and prepare for growth, (4) define clear expectations in a partnership agreement, (5) communicate and (6) expect the unexpected. While these rules are not exhaustive, they are derived from experiences in a diverse set of DSUs, which vary by administrative home, mission, staffing and funding model. As examples in this paper illustrate, these rules can be adapted to different organizational models for DSUs. Clear expectations in partnership agreements are essential for high quality and consistent collaborations and address core activities, duration, staffing, cost and evaluation. A DSU is an organizational asset that should involve thoughtful investment if the institution is to gain real value.

O uso de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação em Saúde na Atenção Primária à Saúde no Brasil, de 2014 a 2018

Abstract Information and Communication Technologies in Health allow the storage and processing of digital data, access to information and remote communications. The objective of this article was to describe the use of these Technologies to support clinical practice and continuing education by primary health care teams in Brazil the period of 2014 to 2018, within the scope of the Access and Quality Improvement Program Basic, according to characteristics of the geopolitical context. It’s a cross-sectional study that analyzed the data collected from the teams of the Basic Health Units. A growing use by the teams of Telehealth resources, the Telemedicine University Network and the Open University of the Unified Health System was observed to aid clinical practice and permanent health education. In the North and Northeast regions, the use of these Technologies doubled, from cycle II to cycle III. The need for investments in infrastructure, human resources in Primary Health Care, qualification and professional training is a way to strengthen the Unified Health System and its Health Care Network, contributing to a continuous flow of care, with quality and access universal.

The Three Seas University Network as a Vehicle For Macro-Regional Cooperation

This article is concerned with the Three Seas University Network as a vehicle for the macro-regional development of the Three Seas Initiative area. Based on the existing body of research, the author identifies potential new administrative and legal solutions for advancing cooperation between the higher education and research sectors and local governments. To achieve the research aim, he explores the legal possibilities of enabling the macro-regional development of the Three Seas Initiative area. Following a legal analysis, the author concluded that a networking scheme in the form of the Three Seas University Network would be an effective legal vehicle for fostering the macro-regional development of the region concerned. The Network would intensify international cooperation not only in the fields of education or research, but also, and most importantly, in the sphere of regional development.

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Media Convergence on the Improvement of Network Ideological and Political Education in Universities

From the perspective of media convergence, this paper systematically analyzes the influence mechanism of media convergence on network ideological and political education in universities, and the practical path of media convergence to boost network ideological and political education. This paper analyzes the influence mechanism of media convergence on network ideological and political education in universities from three aspects of communication mechanism, content form and technical means of media convergence. From three aspects: improving the system and mechanism, creating cultural characteristics, and improving the quality and efficiency of education, it discusses the practical path of promoting the network of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and shows the innovative application and effectiveness evaluation of the media convergence in the network ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Thus, it provides a new perspective and method for the theory and practice of university network ideological and political education. It also provides a new idea and reference for the innovation and development of university network ideological and political education.