With the advancement of virtual reality (VR), human-robot interaction within remote collaboration contexts has emerged as a pivotal research area. However, the nuanced interplay between the user's perspective and the robot's level of automation, and its subsequent impact on the operator's sense of agency (SoA), remains underexplored. This study investigates how perspective and collaboration mode-differentiated by the robot's level of automation-affect the SoA in VR-based human-robot collaboration. We implemented a 2 (perspective: first-person view[FPV] vs. third-person view[TPV]) × 3 (collaboration mode: Direct Remote Control, Supervisory Cooperation, Spectator Mode) experimental design. SoA was assessed via a multimodal approach, measuring both the explicit judgement of agency (JoA) and the implicit feeling of agency (FoA). The results revealed a dissociation between these two components: explicit JoA was dictated by the collaboration mode, with active modes yielding a higher explicit JoA than the passive Spectator Mode. In contrast, implicit FoA exhibited a significant interaction effect. Under FPV, the influence of collaboration mode was pronounced, where Direct Remote Control elicited the strongest FoA; however, under TPV, the differences among collaboration modes disappeared. The relationship between cybersickness and SoA was also explored. These findings suggest that SoA is not a unitary concept but a multifaceted experience, co-shaped by the user's perspective and their role as either a decision-maker or an executor. Furthermore, we investigate the relationship between cybersickness and SoA. Our study offers novel insights for the design of VR-based human-robot systems.

ABSTRACT In recent decades, we have witnessed a growing mismatch between systemic interdependencies and political structures as well as political identities, calling for strategies to cope and create new systems of policymaking above and beyond the nation state. In this context, the traditional bounded concept of citizenship has increasingly been put into question. The paper asks whether multilevel conceptions of citizenship can offer a response to the double challenge of both, broadening access to rights and deepening civic practices so that democratic citizenship will assert its meaning and importance. The reflections focus on the EU context and elaborate paths for the further (federal) development of EU citizenship. Since EU citizens’ rights are (partly) decoupled from national membership, traditional unitary conceptions of citizenship must be reconsidered. While recognizing a particular tension between federal structures of decision-making and democratic self-determination the article attempts to develop democratic minimum standards for federal citizenship in compound polities such as the EU. Within this frame, a variety of democratic practices and traditions can be explored, and democratic citizenship be deepened.

This article examines the reshaping of the period of the Second World War in Cecilie Løveid’s play Maria Q, a drama centered on the enigmatic historical figure of Mara Vasilyevna Pasetchnikova, better known as Maria Quisling, the second wife of Vidkun Quisling, who was Norway’s fascist prime minister during that war. Drawing on studies of historical fiction and intertextuality, this article aims to show how Cecilie Løveid employed the genre of historical drama but transformed it so that she could offer her reimagining of the war period in Norway to a present-day audience. I read Maria Q as an experimental historical drama in which Løveid not only used her freedom as a writer of dramatic fiction to combine fact with imagination but simultaneously incorporated various texts and genres as sources to further her own multifaceted reimagining of Maria Quisling as a complex character. As I will demonstrate, by foregrounding dialogism as her central dimension, Løveid rejected a unitary, monologic and authoritarian conception both of recent Norwegian history and of Maria Quisling’s role in it.

The correlation of two competing research traditions in the multidisciplinary field of civilizational analysis is reconstructed: the metahistorical and the sociological. In each of them, there are groups of theories based on both a unitary and a pluralistic concept of civilization. In the middle of the 20th century, the metahistorical paradigm of civilizational analysis, better known as the theory of local civilizations, crystallized and took a dominant position. The conceptual limitations of the metahistorical paradigm have prevented the full-fledged institutionalization of the research field of comparative study of civilizations into an autonomy scientific discipline. The civilizational turn in sociology in the 1970s led to a break with the metahistorical civilizational paradigm at the level of fundamental metatheoretical premises. In contrast to the traditional substantialist view of local civilizations as empirically predetermined objects of research, the contemporary sociological paradigm of civilizational analysis bases social ontology on a paradoxical combination of the principles of analytical autonomy and mutual constitution in relation to fundamental categories, common dimensions and special spheres of social life. As a result of the metatheoretical analysis of the civilizational approach in sociology, a trinitarian conceptual scheme of social ontology has been constructed and its logical inconsistencies have been identified. To overcome them, a new four-categorical conceptual scheme of social ontology has been developed. The conceptualization of culture and power as commensurate and mutually dependent ontological categories implemented at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries in the sociological version of civilizational analysis laid the foundation not only for consolidating civilizational analysis beyond the opposition of unitary and pluralistic concepts of civilization, but also for reorienting sociological theory beyond all types of functionalism, reductionism and determinism.

ABSTRACT Top-management-team (TMT) diversity is increasingly recognized as a key driver of innovativeness in family firms. However, much of the existing research treats diversity as a unitary concept, overlooking its multidimensional nature and the distinct effects of specific types of diversity. Addressing this gap, this study examines the impact of socioemotional wealth (SEW) separation within the TMT—defined as divergence in TMT members’ prioritization of SEW—on innovativeness. We also explore how two forms of diversity-as-disparity—gender and generational disparities—moderate this relationship. Drawing on survey data from 548 executives across 102 private Belgian family firms, our analysis reveals that SEW separation within the TMT is negatively associated with innovativeness. Furthermore, this negative effect is exacerbated under conditions of higher gender or generational disparity. These findings underscore the importance of value-based and structural TMT diversity in shaping innovation-related behaviors within family firms.

Depression in youth is common but a highly heterogenous disorder. In the last decade there have been much larger family and twin studies as well as molecular genetic advances. However, although considered as a unitary diagnostic concept, depression is extremely variable in terms of its definition, measurement, age-at-onset, clinical antecedents or comorbidities, and long-term outcomes. In this narrative review, we summarise findings on the genetics of youth depression, as well as consider the many challenges around heterogeneity. Youth depression is familial, modestly heritable, and inter-generational transmission appears to be explained by rearing as well as genetic contributions. Non-shared environmental factors are a major contributor and gene-environment correlation is especially important for youth depression. Although there is overlap between youth and adult depression in genetic liability, youth-onset depressive disorder may represent a distinct subtype in terms of its genetic profile. Familial loading and heritability are higher when youth-onset depressive disorder is recurrent, chronic and more severe than when depression is milder and defined more broadly. Polygenic scores and pharmacogenetic testing are not ready for clinical use. There are many inconsistencies in findings that may be explained by heterogeneity. There are no large genome-wide association studies of youth depression. The lack of diversity in ancestry is a problem. We highlight that future genetic studies of youth depression need to consider more careful harmonisation of definitions, measures, take into account recurrence or chronicity and severity of depression as well as include more diverse populations.

The literature on organizational paradoxes emphasizes the importance of both/and thinking and action. Yet, while often treated as a unitary concept, both/and has been interpreted and operationalized in diverse ways—such as ambidexterity, transcendence, Yin-Yang balancing, and Zhong-Yong middle way. To enhance conceptual clarity and coherence, this paper decomposes the notion of both/and and identifies generic strategies for simultaneously engaging paradoxical opposites. I begin by reviewing individual responses and prior classifications of responses to paradoxical tensions, which reveals five distinct responses beyond either/or logics. Building on these, I develop a typology that specifies and relates five variants of both/and thinking. These are organized into five ideal types—superficial Either-And, multiversal Both-Or, ambivalent Both-And, reconciliatory Both-Nor, and transcendent Neither-And—collectively forming the acronym SMART. I illustrate the application of the SMART framework by analyzing how organizations navigate the profitability versus responsibility tension, a paradox central to modern business practice. I conclude the paper by identifying the limitations of the present study and avenues for future research.

A critical study of Audre Lorde’s Zami: A New Spelling of My Name reveals that Lorde employs the embodied narrative as an emancipatory space, weaving together geography, history, myth, and biography to construct a revolutionary self—one that directly challenges heterosexist domination and the rigid, unitary concepts of identity and authorship. This paper examines how Lorde’s naming of both the narrator as “Zami” and the text as a “biomythography” enacts a radical form of resistance, decentering the traditional autobiographical subject and instead positioning a Black lesbian consciousness at the core of the narrative. Through an intricate interplay of intertextual and intratextual storytelling, Lorde constructs an alternative autobiographical form that resists Western hegemonic discourses of the “I.” Drawing on Sidonie Smith’s concept of the “manifesto” and Françoise Lionnet’s métissage as strategies of autobiographical emancipation, we argue that in Zami, Audre Lorde not only reclaims Black lesbian subjectivity but also deconstructs conventional narrative structures, employing a braided textuality that subverts dominant Western autobiographical traditions.

ABSTRACTSolidarity has emerged as a vital concept in bioethics. In recent years, the concept of solidarity has transcended domestic boundaries, with its rhetorical power being leveraged across diverse global health contexts. However, despite its prominence in bioethics and its rhetorical use in global health, health solidarity remains largely confined to domestic contexts. This paper fills this gap by exploring the possibility of extending health solidarity on a global level. Rather than pursuing a singular, unitary concept, I propose to conceptualize global health solidarity (GHS) with a multidimensional framework that encompasses four essential modes: prudential, moral, sociopolitical, and institutional. The prudential mode provides a compelling foundation for GHS through self‐interested motivations, emphasizing global health interdependence. The moral mode frames GHS as morally right or good, grounded in relational personhood, functioning either as a duty or a virtue. The sociopolitical mode conceptualizes GHS as a politically significant, prosocial phenomenon in pursuing liberation and confronting injustices, enabling project‐based collaboration beyond identity boundaries. The institutional mode formalizes GHS through established structures, shaping global bioethics frameworks and health governance systems. Recognizing these diverse sources, contexts, and practices of solidarity, the multidimensional framework offers a comprehensive conceptual map for understanding and operationalizing GHS. It provides both analytical clarity and practical guidance for navigating solidarity‐based practices in global health contexts. When compared with established frameworks, such as global health justice, global health governance, global health activism, and global health security, GHS provides distinct added value and deserves a more fundamental place in the current global health discourse.

Abstract The article examines the recent calls to reform of the House of Lords ( hl ) through two lenses: theoretical and prescriptive. Theoretically, it revisits the classics of constitutional theory to underscore the nexus between the function of a second chamber and the concept of ‘constitutional subjecthood’. This pertains to the criteria governing majority formation and representative voting. The article demonstrates a conceptual tension within the UK’s territorial constitution. Despite the multi-layered nature of the constitution, the House of Lords’ voting structure rejects multi-layered subjecthood in favour of a unitary conception. This inconsistency exacerbates territorial disparities and undermines the House of Lords’ function, weakening the role of devolved territories in ‘shared rule’. To address this conceptual tension, the prescriptive part of the article proposes a Standing Order for the hl analogous to the English Vote for English Laws ( evel ) framework, albeit with an inverse scope and fortified by a robust theoretical foundation. This proposal promises to harmonise the theoretical tension and provide political teeth to the Sewel Convention, while at the same time not being contingent on a full reconstruction of the hl ’s function, nor composition.

Altruism may not be a unitary concept but may include behaviorally dissociable subfactors. Here, we examined the effects of social distance within and across group boundaries on three facets of altruism: help giving, peer punishment, and moral courage. Using real-life scenarios presented as vignettes, participants were asked to indicate the likelihood that they would engage in the described behaviors across three different social settings: a familiar low-distance in-group, an unfamiliar high-distance in-group, and a hostile out-group. We used the Inclusion of Others in Self (IOS) scale to measure perceived closeness to members of the described social group. We hypothesized that help giving would be most and moral courage least sensitive to variations in social distance. In both studies, results revealed no significant differences in help giving across variations in social distance but a higher self-reported likeliness to show morally courageous acts in the familiar and close in-group compared to the other groups. The results for peer punishment were only partially consistent, following a similar pattern to moral courage. IOS scores discriminated between high and low-distance in-groups, as expected, but did not discriminate well between a high-distance in-group and hostile out-group. On the other hand, facet-specific trait scores correlated significantly with vignette responses. When the three facets were considered together across all vignettes, in-group favoritism became apparent. The studies contribute to our understanding of the social context conditions of altruistic behaviors and call for the refinement of experimental and self-report measures in the study of altruistic behavior.

Clinical judgment is currently perceived as an intuitive art that is going to be replaced by growing technology and artificial intelligence. Even though patients look for good clinical judgment when they seek medical attention and clinicians rely on it, the topic is seldom mentioned and discussed in the literature. In their everyday practice, psychiatrists use observation, description, and classification; test explanatory hypotheses; and formulate clinical decisions based on clinical judgment. The aim of this review was to examine the current role of clinical judgment in psychiatry. We first outline the importance of collecting information that supplements the use of diagnostic criteria (allostatic load, health attitudes and behavior, psychological well-being, personality and iatrogenic factors). Clinimetrics, the science of clinical measurements, provides an intellectual home for the reproduction and standardization of clinical intuitions. The clinimetric translation of clinical reasoning allows the organization of the material that has been collected (staging, building unitary concepts, subtyping, formulating pathophysiological links, and global judgments). Finally, we discuss how clinical judgment is the intermediate step between the general indications that derive from clinical trials and individualized treatment plans, encompassing patients' preferences, treatment articulation and selection, level of care, and interpretation of previous treatment response. Clinical judgment remains the basic method of medicine and psychiatry. Improving its features by clinimetric strategies is likely to yield a highly effective precision psychiatry that is available today to any practicing clinician.

Abstract History, for Hegel, is the history of the ‘spirit’. It is the history which the spirit itself creates and in which the spirit takes on an ‘objective’ shape in the world. The objectivity of what Hegel calls ‘objective spirit’ is realized in the form of world history. The term ‘world history’ refers less to the history of the whole world, and more to the historical sequence of ‘worlds’, or epochs. World and history thus have an asymmetrical relationship in the Hegelian understanding of ‘world history’: it is one history, which divides everything on earth into many worlds, into local and temporally limited world cultures. What makes it one history—what makes it unified—is the unitary concept of the spirit. The contributions brought together in this special issue discuss Hegel’s theory of world history, taking different approaches to the question of the relationship between the incomplete and the completed, between ‘actuality’ as a rational state and ‘existence’ as a reality that lacks rationality. In all texts, Hegel’s method of developing a philosophy of history represents a central problem.

The current regulation of safety measures under the Criminal Code maintains a unitary conception, applied without distinction to adults and minors, although the regime of criminal responsibility of minors has its own rationale and finality. This article examines the compatibility of these measures with the specific features of juvenile criminal responsibility, emphasizing the need for a conceptual distinction between neutralizing danger and reeducating behaviour. It analyses, in parallel, the normative evolution, the theoretical foundations, and recent case law, which reveal a selective and cautious application of safety measures to minors. The study highlights that, although theoretically compatible, these measures are not yet adapted to the psychological and social particularities of the minor’s age, which partially limits their preventive effectiveness and their relevance within the juvenile justice system. Consequently, the article brings to the forefront the need for a conceptual repositioning of the institution of safety measures, in accordance with the principle of the child’s best interests and with the coherence requirements specific to juvenile justice.

ABSTRACT Background: Moral injury describes the impact of witnessing or being part of events that violate one’s values. Initially described in relation to conflict and war, recent work shows that moral injury is a relevant concept for professionals working in emergency situations. Emergency responders work in contexts of human suffering and make complex decisions in time-pressured, high-stakes situations, but emergency responders’ viewpoints regarding moral injury and how strongly they align with different viewpoints is currently not well understood. Objective: We sought to investigate how moral injury is conceptualised and how emergency responders in the United Kingdom (UK) relate to experiences of moral injury. Method: In this Q-methodology (mixed-methods) study, seven experts co-created a set of 45 opinion statements (Q-set) capturing different facets of moral injury in the context of emergency responding. Subsequently, N = 21 emergency responders (police, fire service, emergency medicine, ambulance, and community first-response staff) completed an online Q-sort task, sorting statements according to how much they identified with them. Results: A by-person factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution mapping onto theoretical positions of moral injury, including loss of trust in others (Factor 1), loss of trust in oneself (Factor 2), and loss of trust in authority (Factor 3). Conclusions: Our findings support the assumption that moral injury is not a unitary concept but instead comprises different facets that people may identify with to a greater or lesser extent, depending on their role. Our results suggest differences between police vs. hospital ward workers and length of time in the profession. Future research into tailored relational and systemic interventions may be required to address the variety of experiences of moral injury in emergency responders.

ABSTRACT The concept of Intelligence has been extensively studied, undergoing an evolution form a unitary concept to a more elaborate and complex multidimensional one. The good academic performance of students at the High School Teacher Traineed is of paramount importance in every educational system. The study aimed at finding out the relationship between multiple intelligence and academic performance of high school teacher trainees. The study followed the normative survey method. Multiple intelligence scale and academic performance test were administered to 150 high school teacher trainees from various teacher training institutes in Tiruchirappalli district. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive, differential and relational analysis. The study found that there significant relationship between multiple intelligence and academic performance of high school teacher trainees. Significant difference is also found between male and female teacher trainees in respect their multiple intelligence. The outcome of the study may have valuable implications for the high school teacher education students. KEY WORDS Multiple Intelligence, high school teacher trainees, academic performance.

ABSTRACT Nowadays, the use of the internet is widespread, despite many people being concerned about their information privacy when using it. While the concept of information privacy concerns (IPCs) is central to understanding internet users’ perceptions about information privacy, it has come under criticism. On the one hand, it may not fully reflect the contemporary concerns of internet users. On the other hand, it is typically explored as a unitary concept, despite research showing that the distinction between vertical (institutional) and horizontal (social) IPCs is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of users’ concerns. The current study adopted an exploratory qualitative approach using focus groups to gain insights into individuals’ vertical and horizontal IPCs when using the internet. Thematic analysis of the discussions indicated that participants were concerned about many, but not all, issues identified in the literature on IPCs. Based on these findings, we proposed a revised definition of IPCs that extends previous conceptualizations by incorporating concerns about persistence, discrimination, and manipulation, while delineating the concepts of awareness and control. The analysis also showed that although participants thought about vertical and horizontal IPCs in similar terms, they were concerned due to different reasons. Vertical IPCs centered on surveillance and loss of freedom, while horizontal IPCs highlighted damages to identity and dignity. The study advances our knowledge of IPCs and shows that for a comprehensive understanding of contemporary users’ concerns we need to consider a wider range of information privacy issues than previously thought.

The theory of intentionality: the matrix of healing is modified and clarified with the new concept of dynamic differentiation. This illuminates the nature of intentionality in healing and how the theory is now more congruent with the unitary transformative paradigm. The theory of dynamic differentiation now captures the complexity of intentionality and its relationship to consciousness and healing.

ABSTRACT Each historical cartographical material is not only a depiction of the geographical endowment and settlement structure of a certain locale, but also a reflection of a particular worldview and artistic expression favoured by the cartographer producing the material concerned. Based on various historical maps produced for Marmaris, that functions as a lens, and by focusing on the context of life stories of cartographers, this paper re-reads the history of Marmaris and its maps via an elucidation of these maps as both scientific and artistic endeavours. For the elaboration of the cartographical materials, a unitary conception of maps is developed by considering maps as both scientific and artistic products via which history can be reformulated as a cartographic experience while cartography can be contextualized as a critical map history.

This study provides a systematic review of the literature on the operationalization of artificial intelligence (AI) within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), aiming to develop an integrated conceptual framework for understanding AI adoption. The findings indicate that Technological readiness plays a pivotal role, with SMEs requiring knowledge of AI applications, methods, and capabilities to adopt AI effectively. AI adoption yields diverse outcomes, including enhanced operational efficiency, improved customer engagement, and greater innovation, but these vary based on industry, firm size, and resource capacity. The study emphasizes that AI is not a unitary concept but a multi-dimensional construct, with operationalization requiring alignment with organizational dynamic capabilities. This review offers a framework for understanding AI adoption, helping to bridge fragmented findings in the literature.