Feelings Of Unhappiness Research Articles

Vitamin D Mitigates Depression-related Disorders in an Animal Model of Depression: A Behavioral, Anatomopahtological, and Molecular Investigation, Implicating the Hippocampal BDNF Signaling Pathway

Background: Major depressive disorder represents a complicated mental disorder characterized by persistent feelings of unhappiness and loss of interest. More evidence suggests a high potential correlation between vitamin D deficiency and depression. However, the underlying mechanisms and the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation are still not properly understood. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on depressive behaviors using a rat model of depression and explore the potential mechanisms involved. Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder that significantly impacts the quality of life of individuals. Despite the availability of various treatment options, many patients still experience suboptimal outcomes, highlighting the need for further exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. In recent years, the importance of vitamin D in mental health, particularly in depression, has gained considerable attention. Methods: In this project, we propose to utilize an animal model of depressed rats to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on depressive behaviors. We employed a range of well-established behavioral tests to assess changes in depressive-like behaviors following vitamin D supplementation. Additionally, histopathological examinations of the hippocampal region, known to be involved in mood regulation, were performed to assess structural alterations and cellular changes associated with depression and vitamin D supplementation. Results: The findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation by improving neuronal reorganization and proliferation in the hippocampus, suggesting an interest in investigating other mechanisms of interaction. Conclusion: The findings of this research will provide valuable insight into the therapeutic potential of vitamin D in depression and shed light on the underlying mechanisms involved.

Effect of Smart Phone addiction on Social Maturity

Mobile phone use has become a significant global issue due to the prevalence of smartphones. Various studies have delved into the connection between mobile phone usage and academic achievements, yet the findings have been inconclusive. Technology has undeniably simplified our lives, offering gadgets that streamline tasks, provide entertainment, offer information, and even serve as companions. Devices such as mobile phones and iPads are a blessing in many ways, but they also have the potential to bring about feelings of unhappiness and discontent. It's nothing new for us to compare our lives with others. However, mobile phones and social media sites have made it worse. We are all aware that social media can often distort reality and exaggerate the truth. While smartphone use shows a moderate association with stress and anxiety, the severity of depression and anxiety is notably linked to excessive smartphone usage. Now the world is full of technology, we are engaged to show everything on social networking sites, conscious about their online social group. Where we exist, where we want to exist this feeling was slowly invisible. Therefore, researcher want to know is pupil teacher also have smartphone addiction. Then we want to see the effect on social maturity of pupil teacher is smartphone addiction positively or negatively affect social maturity. In this study shown that low, moderate and high level of smartphones has a significant impact on the social maturity.

Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on tourism in the Orizaba Magic Town, Veracruz

We estimate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in tourism activities, we hypothesize the disease had a negative effect on the economic, social and emotional aspects of tourist service providers in the Magic Town of Orizaba. Data retrieved with Google Trends for years 2016-2020 was used to analyze trends in keywords related to tourism in Orizaba. Three situations were analyzed: a worst-case scenario, an intermediate scenario and a best-case scenario. In a second stage, a questionnaire was applied to service providers to explore their perception of the impact of the epidemic on economic, social, and emotional aspects. Analysis of Google Trends showed a negative impact of COVID-19 in all the keywords consulted. The opinion of the people surveyed agreed in an economic affectation. There was a dismissal of personnel, businesses were closed, and people looked for complementary economic activities. Also, there was a decrease in income and a reduction of tourists. The most affected tourism entities were hotels and restaurants. At the emotional level, the interviewees had feelings of anxiety, social isolation, fear, depression, weight gain, feelings of unhappiness, and were seeking family support during the pandemic. Tourism service providers suggest tourism planning and design of new tourism products to mitigate negative impact. Anxiety and financial problems were the most frequent issues related to personal problems. Tourism entrepreneurs are committed to promoting the Orizaba Magic Town brand and well as Nature Tourism.

Literacy, racial capitalism, and the politics of good feeling

ABSTRACT This article advances a deeply political and material understanding of feeling in the context of racial capitalism. Informed by Ahmed’s work on the ‘politics of good feeling’ (2008, 1) and Gilmore’s concept of ‘infrastructure of feeling’ (2022, 490), we interrogate how feeling is regulated in everyday literacy contexts through two examples: 1) the history of the phrase ‘joy of reading’ and its use in a text for teachers and 2) a vignette in which youth were expected to use digital media to share their grief. Both examples show how liberal sentimentality works to control unruly or unhappy feelings that disrupt the democratizing fiction of white progressivism. With a deeper understanding of the infrastructure of feeling as an analytic intervention drawing on liberatory histories and struggles, educators can work to transform these spaces into arenas of emotional negotiation and emancipation, thereby countering the oppressive reach of racial capitalism.

Sociocultural Pressures, Internalization, and Body Esteem in Congenitally Blind, Late-Blind, and Sighted Men and Women

Introduction: Visual experience has a substantial effect on how individuals construct a template of their own bodies in space. Whether the absence of total or partial visual exposure in individuals of both genders allows the buffering of harmful effects has yet to be tested. This study examined the role of vision among congenitally blind and later blind subjects for the expression of body esteem and sociocultural attitudes toward appearance. Methods: Participants comprised 101 subjects, 53 sighted and 48 visually impaired men and women. For the purpose of the study, we took into consideration congenitally blind, late blind, and typically sighted individuals. The Sociocultural Attitudes toward Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3) and the Body-Esteem Scale Questionnaire (BESQ) were used as measures. Results: Although congenitally blind, late blind, and typically sighted individuals showed similar awareness of media content and beauty ideals, typically sighted women displayed higher pressure to conform and had higher levels of social comparison. Congenitally blind women placed less emphasis on mass media as an influential aspect of their body perception and showed reduced internalization of beauty ideals and higher levels of body esteem. Moreover, men with visual impairments considered siblings and family to be the most influential information sources for their own body perception, while showing reduced levels of athlete internalization. Discussion: In this research, it was identified that the absence of sight influences an individual's body image beyond its physical, metric representation. Susceptibility to detrimental messages linked to sociocultural standards of attractiveness is interiorized by individuals with and without visual impairments, regardless of their gender. Implications for Practitioners: Further studies on body esteem and sociocultural pressures could enable practitioners to better understand how to support individuals with visual impairments in coping with an unhealthy social environment and with feelings of unhappiness related to their appearance.

Evaluation of Antidepressant Activity of Leaf Extract of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn in mice

Depression is mood disturbances that causes a continuous feeling of unhappiness, changes in behavior, unable to concentrate and loss of interest. Chronic exposure to stressful events plays very important role in the etiology of depression. Curculigoorchioides is a medicinally important plant that is used widely in ayurvedic system of medicine and Chinese traditional systems. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant activity of the Curculigoorchioides leaf extract in mice exposed to acute stress in different behavioural models like forced swimming test, tail suspension test, 5-Hydroxy Tryptamine (5-HTP) induced head twitches. The effect of the extract on brain lipid peroxidation was also assessed by invitro estimation of malondialdehyde levels. After the oral administration of leaf extract of Curculigoorchioides at the dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg to the mice antidepressant activity was compared with the standarddrug imipramine (10mg/kg). The Curculigoorchioides leaf extract showed significant reduction in immobility time and increased number of 5-Hydroxy Tryptamine induced head twitchesin dose-dependent manner. Significant antidepressant activity of Curculigoorchioides leaf extract was observed at the dose of 100mg/kg which was evident by the reduced duration of immobility in forced swimming and tail suspension test. Extract treatedgroups showed reduced brain lipid peroxidation indicated by decrease in malondialdehyde content. Hence Curculigoorchioidesleaf extract possess antidepressant activity.

Exploring Emotional and Psychological Impacts of Mammography in Women

Introduction: Mammography is a diagnostic tool that is routinely used to test women for breast cancer. While it has been shown to be beneficial in detecting early-stage malignancies, it can also have emotional and psychological consequences for patients. The goal of this study is to dive into the emotional and psychological experiences of mammography patients. We hope to obtain a better understanding of the potential complications and problems faced by women during the screening process by investigating these elements.
 Materials and Methods: The Psychological Consequences Questionnaire (PCQ) and a self-administered questionnaire were used to collect data. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. All participants were given information about mammography technology and safety, and their participation was based on informed consent.
 Results: The study included 60 women ranging in age from 40 to 67 years old, with a mean age of 50.22. The PCQ results revealed a high prevalence of symptoms such as difficulty sleeping, changes in appetite, depression or unhappy feelings, fear and panic, nervousness or tension, feeling under pressure, withholding items, venting frustrations on others, withdrawal from relationships, difficulty with daily tasks, and difficulties fulfilling obligations. These findings shed light on the psychological repercussions that people face and point to the necessity for support networks or therapy to address these concerns.
 Conclusion: This research focuses on the emotional and psychological effects of mammography on women. The data suggest that anxiety is a common feeling for women undergoing mammography, which could be exacerbated by previous negative experiences or fear of breast cancer. In order to provide holistic and comprehensive care, healthcare providers must recognize and meet patients' emotional and psychological needs.

Patient Experience Interviews with a Novel Treatment Iptacopan for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Introduction: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal and complex disorder characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, smooth muscle dystonia, hemoglobinuria, and chronic kidney disease. Individuals with PNH experience severe and chronic fatigue, which can significantly impact their quality of life. While two anti-C5 antibody therapies have been approved for treating PNH (eculizumab and ravulizumab), the majority of patients who use these therapies still do not achieve normal hemoglobin levels. Iptacopan, the first oral proximal complement inhibitor developed to fill this critical need, has shown in two Phase III trials (APPLY-PNH [NCT04558918] and APPOINT PNH [NCT04820530]) to achieve a comprehensive control of hemolysis. As part of the trials, patient experience interviews were conducted with patients entering an iptacopan extension study (CLNP023C12001B) to explore their experience with the treatment. Objectives: To conduct patient experience interviews across 5 countries to understand and document how patients' PNH disease experience changed in response to treatment, the meaningfulness of any reported changes, patients' experience receiving the iptacopan treatment, patients' preference for iptacopan compared to other PNH treatments, and their satisfaction with treatment. Methodology: Patients were recruited by clinical sites in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany enrolled in the iptacopan extension study. Patients enrolled in the iptacopan extension study were eligible to consent to and participate in an optional 30-minute qualitative interview. Interviews were conducted by independent, trained interviewers in the patient's local language. A semi-structured interview guide was used to ask patients open-ended questions to elicit spontaneous descriptions of their disease, and treatment experience, including satisfaction and preferences. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English (if applicable), anonymized, coded, and then analyzed using qualitative data analytic methods. Results: Interviews were completed with 22 patients diagnosed with PNH across 5 countries. Following treatment with iptacopan, patients reported improvements in their PNH-related signs, symptoms, and impacts that they experienced before treatment. The most common symptoms that patients reported improvements in were fatigue (n=13/13, 100.0%), tiredness (n=11/12, 91.7%), and low energy (n=10/10, 100.0%). Patients most commonly reported their ability to work (n=5/8, 62.5%), ability to walk (n=4/8, 50.0%), and feelings of unhappiness (n=7/8, 87.5%) improved with treatment. Patients commented that these improvements in PNH-related signs, symptoms, and impacts were meaningful to them. When discussing their treatment experience with iptacopan, patients reported that they liked the convenience of the oral treatment (n=18, 81.8%), treatment efficacy (n=13, 59.1%), and reduced medical appointments (n=8, 36.4%). Additionally, patients described the oral administration as convenient (n=18, 81.8%) and the treatment schedule easy to follow (n=17, 77.3%). Some patients disliked the frequent treatment schedule in the trial (n=7, 31.8%). Of the 18 patients who were asked, all (n=18/18, 100.0%) reported they preferred iptacopan over previous PNH treatments overall, including eculizumab and ravulizumab (Table 1). Compared to previous anti-C5 PNH treatments, most patients preferred the iptacopan treatment administration (n=20/20, 100.0%) and treatment schedule (n=16/20, 80.0%). Overall, patients reported being very satisfied (n=14, 63.6%) or satisfied (n=8, 36.3%) with their iptacopan treatment experience (Table 2). Conclusion: These qualitative interviews provide evidence that patients were satisfied with their iptacopan treatment experience, and prefer iptacopan over other PNH treatments. Patients preferred iptacopan for the convenience of treatment administration and treatment schedule, the ease of following the treatment regimen, and liked the treatment for the oral administration, treatment efficacy, and reduced medical appointments. Additionally, this data demonstrates significant and meaningful improvement in patients' PNH-related signs, symptoms, and impacts with iptacopan.

The Poetics of Affect Studies: Exploring Affective Turn to Gender, Culture and Society in Shashi Deshpande's The Intrusion and Other Stories

ffect Studies is an interdisciplinary cognitive science that incorporates and simultaneously discusses human psychology, medical humanities, science and technology, philosophy, history, politics, sociology, ecology, gender and queer studies, literary studies and critical theory. It also manifests various mental aspects of affective consciousness that introduce the academic cross-examination of emotional responses and experienced feelings to the social occurrences and structures of our familiar world. Affect Studies, thereby, shows the effect and reflection of social factors on the mind of people individually or collectively in diverse neural communication of human brain areas to focus on personal, social, cultural, religious, historical and political affairs. It raises affect theory as a dominant paradigm of twenty-first-century literary studies that attempts to bridge the gap between biological, psychological and social manifestations in contemporary textual criticism. Affect theory is a non-linguistic literary turn or approach to gender and sexuality, culture, society, media and communication, history, and politics and that measures mankind’s automatic feelings, emotions and reactions to the social and cultural predefined characteristics of the world. Shashi Deshpande has occupied the highly acclaimed position as a women writer in Indian English Literature and most of her writings minutely represent women’s traumatic memories and psychology, dilemma, day-to-day feelings over the poignant issue of gender discrimination, sexual harassment, rape and pregnancy, domestic violence and oppression, the traditional code and conduct of the marriage system, the melodrama of the man-woman relationship, and the crisis of women’s space and freedom in the androcentric society of India. This research paper aims to examine the theoretical discourses of affective turn to the integrated but controversial relationship between gender, culture and society in Shashi Deshpande’s ‘The Intrusion and Other Stories’ (1993). It also evaluates Deshpande’s textualization of the abstract emotion, sense of alienation and despair, sorrow and pain, inner conflicts and typical unhappy feelings of Indian women in the articulation of her female characters, their struggle for identity, and their negotiations and reactions to the matter of gender discrimination and alterity, sexual violation and marital rape, unwanted pregnancy, domestic violence and exploitation, the conventional marriage system and marital discordance, and the subjugation of women’s identity.

Impact of depression in Elderly patients with low vision

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of depression in the elder patients suffering from low vision and correlate depression with low vision.
 METHOD: A cross-sectional study was performed on 91 subjects who visited Low Vision Center at Mayo Hospital Lahore. All the patients were asked to fill the questionnaire. Qualitative data was analyzed through frequency and percentage. This study was conducted from September to November 2020.
 RESULTS: Forty six out of ninety one (50.5%) patients had trouble in reading regular size print. Fifty three percent were having difficulty to sign documents. Forty percent were having difficulty in recognizing faces. Sixty three (69.2%) patients had difficulty in independent travelling. Reduced vision leading to unhappy feeling sometimes was experienced by 39.6% of the participants. Out of 91, 40 patients of low vision having depression get frustrated when they could not perform certain tasks. Poor daily routine work was found in 50.5%. Patient having mild, severe and very severe glare problem were 51.7%, 24.2% and 6.6% respectively. Severe problem while watching television is found in 39.6% patients. Depressive patients having thoughts of hurting themselves were 3.3%. Thirty eight percent felt that ignorance could develop stress.
 CONCLUSION: There were high chances in low vision patients to develop depression because of visual loss, functional impairment, and difficulty in daily life activities. Visual impairment restricted a person's independence, and worsened the quality of life. If a person is counseled properly, it is beneficial in increasing the functional performance and will also help him or her to avoid developing depression.
 KEYWORDS: Low vision, Depression.

A Comparative Clinical Study on Efficacy of Ahiphenmochanadi Vati and Sameeragaja Kesari Rasa in Opiate Withdrawal Symptoms

ABSTRACT Background: Ahiphen Vyasan (opium and its derivatives addicts) is a common addiction in Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana. The main symptoms of opiate withdrawal are Nadimandata (resting pulse rate), Swed Pravrutti (sweating), Arti (restlessness), Netratarak Vispharana (dialeted pupil size), Asthi or Sandhi Shoola (bone and joint pain), Nasasrava or Ashrusrava (running nose or tearing), Agnibaishamya (gastrointestinal upset), Kampa (Tramor), Jrimbha (Yawning), Vishada (feeling of unhappiness – depression), and Romanch (horripilation). Kuchla (Strychnos nux-vomica) has been mentioned as antidote for opium. Aim and Objective: The intention or aim here is to combat the opiate withdrawal effects by using opium in tapering method along with S. nux-vomica. For which the study refers to evaluate the efficacy of Ahiphenmochnadi Vati and Sameer Gaja Kesari Rasa in opium withdrawal symptoms. Material and Method: Open-labeled randomized clinical trial of thirty patients of either sex. Intervention: Group A (15 patients) was given Ahiphenmochnadi Vati, whereas Group B (15 patients) treated with Sameer Gaja Kesari Rasa. Duration: 1 month. Intragroup comparison of group A and Group B were found statistically extremely significant. Result: Intergroup comparison of Group A and B were found statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study supports the use of Ahiphenmochnadi Vati and Sameer Gaja Kesari Rasa in treating Ahiphen Vyasan with good acceptance by all treated patients.

What it is Like to be Single: Experiences of Unmarried Female Professionals in Ghana

Being married is regarded as a significant social and developmental duty. However, the absence of such a connection frequently results in societal stigmatization and marginalization. The study explored the lived experiences of unmarried female professionals in Ghana. The study adopted a qualitative approach and a phenomenological design. Fifteen unmarried female professionals were selected using the snowball sampling technique. Data was accumulated through the use of an interview. The data were analyzed in themes. The study found among other reasons, that attaining a high level of education, setting a high standard in life, fear of being disappointed, and enjoyment of singlehood were reasons why unmarried female professionals remained single. The study again revealed that society made several verbal and nonverbal comments or reactions that stereotyped and discriminated against the lives of single female professionals. Such comments as “when are you getting married?”, “you are old, get married,” husband snatcher,” among others, were found. The results also showed that these stereotypes and discriminatory practices against single female professionals have negative psychological effects, including feelings of unhappiness, anxiety about staying single forever, shyness, and the stress of peer, family, workplace, and community pressure to get married. It was found that single female professionals were dissatisfied with their current marital status. Also, peers, co-workers and family members put pressure on single female professionals to get married. As a result, recommendations were made in light of the study. Keywords: Single, Experiences, Unmarried, Female professionals DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/13-8-05 Publication date: April 30 th 2023

Network analysis of physical activity and depressive and affective symptoms during COVID-19 home confinement.

The aim of this study was to analyze the network structure of physical activity, frequency, depressive, and affective symptoms in people under home isolation due to COVID-19. A longitudinal study was conducted in two phases (beginning (March 19, 2020) and end of home confinement (April 8, 2020)). The sample consisted of 579 participants from Spain (250 men and 329 women) aged 16 to 92years (overall sample: M=47.06, SD=14.52). A network analysis was performed. Four clusters emerged (PA, depressive symptoms, positive affect, and negative affect). A higher frequency of physical activity was related to better-sustained attention, increased alertness, and enthusiasm. In addition, feelings of guilt and shame were mitigated, and confinement distress and irritability were reduced. Physical activity also mitigated fatigue in women, whereas feelings of unhappiness were reduced in men. Physical activity seems to be an effective option for mitigating the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health policymakers should develop programs to promote physical activity in order to be able to cope with confinement or similar scenarios in the future.

The Objective Study to the Meaning of Humiliation from the Perspective of the Holy Quran

Preserving the self, the highness above humiliation, and preserving its dignity is what our Islamic law called for, and raised its children on it. All matters are in the hands of Allah Almighty, and none of the creation possesses death or life for anyone, neither benefit nor harm, and they do not possess sustenance, so why humiliate the servant. He who humiliates himself must grow up and follow the path of glory and dignity that Allah Almighty wills, and humiliation is only for Allah Almighty in obedience to Him and righteousness in His law, for He is the sole owner of the kingdom. The reasons for happiness are self-esteem, that is to feel that he is dear and respected by himself and in others. On the contrary, a person's feeling of humiliation, ignominy, and insignificance of himself brings him a feeling of unhappiness and misery. We must avoid self-humiliation because there is nothing more important than honor and dignity. Islam is concerned with the subject of pride, and the believer should not humiliate himself. Glory belongs to Allah, His Messenger, and the believers. Man is Allah’s vicegerent on earth and the master of his creatures, and he is the one who prides and honors him. This caliph must feel proud and cherished because he is connected to the highest authority and dearest power. There are many verses and hadiths that condemn humiliation and forbid it. A person is called upon to regain his self-esteem, and defend it, whatever the cost, and he does not possess it in isolation from the value reform, which is the backbone of every positive change. Being able to establish the values of self-esteem makes one refuse to live dearly, and the effect of that virtuous trait will be reflected in the self to become normal. This, in turn, will enhance a person's self-confidence, so that he appreciates his capabilities, takes pride in his achievements, and puts himself in the circle of important accounts that do not accept infringement upon, and self-esteem becomes a red line that cannot be crossed. Therefore, he will receive a strong reaction, as there is no room for complacency in it at all. That is why he who does not enjoy a dear soul has a very weak immunity against attempts to kill the moral conscience and the heart that lead to living like beasts and luminaries that do not know where to put themselves.

STOP TINDAKAN BULLYING MELALUI PENDEKATAN BEHAVIORAL DI PONDOK PESANTREN NURUL ISLAM DESA KARANG CEMPAKA KECAMATAN BLUTO KABUPATEN SUMENEP

The high number of bullying cases is already at an alarming stage. A school that is supposed to be a fun place, turns into a terrible place (school phobia), can even endanger the lives of students to the point of prolonged trauma. Bullying or Bullying does not look at age or distinguish genders, usually the victims of bullying are generally weak, quiet, shy, or special children. The bullying of bullying has a great influence until adulthood and during school period will cause depression in individuals and can also cause unhappy feelings when participating in activities at Pondok Pesantren, because it is haunted by feelings of anxiety and fear. So that this rule is found in Article 170 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the Criminal Code, Articles 351 to 355 of the Criminal Code, Article 80 of Law Number 35 of 2014 Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection. This problem is very complex so efforts are needed to suppress and overcome the occurrence of bullying or bullying that occurs in Santri at Islamic Boarding Schools through legal literacy and education, namely through a behavioral approach. Then what is produced can be supported by the implementation of the monitoring process from the Islamic Boarding School, in this case teacher educators or ustadz to prevent students from bullying. Then this monitoring is carried out periodically in diagnosing every behavior of students who tend and have the potential to violate the law to commit bullying actions.

Psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in selected primary schools in Tanzania

Psychosocial wellbeing is among the important components of the general wellbeing of an individual and crucial for children's survival and development. The current study aimed at investigating psychosocial wellbeing of orphaned children in selected primary schools in Tanzania. The study employed concurrent mixed methods design with 463 participants. 419 orphaned children obtained using simple random sampling filled in questionnaires. 12 head teachers, 12 guardian teachers and 20 orphaned children were purposively selected and involved in the in-depth semi-structured interviews. The Strength and Difficult Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess psychosocial wellbeing along with interviews. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data while thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The total difficult scores of 30.8% (n = 419) revealed that orphan children had emotional and behavioural problems which also connotes for the symptoms of mental health problems that tremendously affected their learning behaviours at school. Moreover, qualitative findings revealed that orphan children had feelings of unhappiness and discomforts which interfered with their academic activities. Based on the results, the study recommends an intervention study on promoting psychosocial awareness of orphan children in Tanzania primary schools and in-service trainings on guidance and counselling service provision among guardian teachers in government and privately owned primary schools in Tanzania.

Prevalence and factors associated with teenage pregnancy among parturients in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital: a cross sectional study.

In Uganda, 12% of the audited maternal deaths occur among teenagers. The prevalence and factors associated with teenage pregnancy in health facilities is not well documented. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with teenage pregnancy in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital. We conducted a cross sectional study between July and September 2019.We consecutively enrolled and collected information from 427 respondents. Associated factors were determined using logistic regression, a P-value < 0.05. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was 20.6% [95% CI : (17.0% - 24.7%)]. Rural residence [(AOR: 2.8 (1.08 - 7.09)], primary level of education [(AOR: 9.57 (3.48 - 26.3)], unhappy feelings about the current pregnancy [(AOR: 3.57(1.05 - 12.15)], primiparity [(AOR: 21.05 (7.36 - 60.15)] increased the likelihood of teenage pregnancy. While, history of ever use of contraceptives [(AOR: 0.32 (0.12 - 0.84)], age at coitarche [(AOR: 0.68 (0.54 - 0.85)], grand multiparity [(AOR: 0.06 (0.01 - 0.51)], and exposure to sex education at home [(AOR: 0.37 (0.15 - 0.89)] decreased its likelihood. The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was high. It was associated with being resident in rural area, low level of education and ever use of contraception. Promotion of reproductive health education may prevent teenage pregnancy.

Impact of War and Resettlement on Vietnamese Families Facing Dementia: A Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT Objectives Most Vietnamese immigrants in the U.S. today arrived as political refugees due to the Vietnam War in the late 20th century. Refugees are disproportionally affected by health and mental health disparities as a result of experiencing distress and potentially traumatic experiences before, during, and after their migration processes. This study involved Vietnamese families facing dementia and used a qualitative approach to investigate participants’ experiences before, during, and right after their resettlement in the U.S. Methods In-person interviews were conducted with 11 Vietnamese adults who cared for their family member with dementia. A descriptive analysis approach was used. Results Five major themes emerged from the interviews:1) immigrating separately from family members, 2) difficult and unsafe journeys, 3) experiences of loss, 4) lack of support systems in the U.S., and 5) feelings of unhappiness, sadness, or signs of depression. Conclusions This study provides a close examination of Vietnamese refugees’ unique backgrounds and how individuals with dementia and their caregivers from this population may be disproportionally impacted by stress. Clinical Implications To reduce health disparities, we recommend that providers and policymakers allocate more resources for culturally appropriate routine assessment, treatment, and referrals of those with dementia and their caregivers.

Information professionals' quality of work-life and its impact on their job performance

PurposeJob performance (JP) of employees is a key indicator of success for any organization; however, job performance is dependent on many factors including personal and organizational. The current study aims to investigate this phenomenon concerning the quality of work-life (QoWL).Design/methodology/approachThe study design was quantitative, and a questionnaire was filled by 130 professional librarians based on a convenient sampling technique. The research population was academic information professionals (IPs) serving the university libraries of Lahore, Pakistan. Data were analyzed using SPSS (20.0).FindingsJob career satisfaction is proved a key indicator of JP along with job control and general well-being (GWB). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB), which is a negative behavior, is significantly affected by poor job satisfaction (JS), stress, feelings of unhappiness and low workplace autonomy.Practical implicationsThe study suggests that if poor JS, stress, feelings of unhappiness and low workplace autonomy could be manipulated positively, CWB may be reduced and there are chances to improve the JP of IPs.Originality/valueThis is one of the first attempts that focuses on QoWL and its impact on JP of IPs. The study findings may help leaders and library administration to take employees' friendly decisions to provide a conducive work environment.

Financial scarcity undermines health across the globe and the life course

The gradient between income and health is well established: the lower the income, the poorer the health. However, low income (having few economic resources) may not be enough to characterize economic vulnerability, and financial scarcity (perceiving having insufficient economic resources) may further reduce health. First, analysis of cross-national data (275,000+ participants from 200+ country-years) revealed that financial scarcity was associated with twice the odds of suffering from reduced self-rated health and feelings of unhappiness; this association was observed in ≈90% of the country-years and explained variance over and above income. Second, analysis of national longitudinal data (20,000+ participants over 20 years of assessment) revealed that facing financial scarcity in the course of one's life decreased self-rated and objective health and increased feelings of depression; again, these effects explained variance over and above income. Two subsidiary findings were obtained: (i) three adverse life events (illness, separation, family conflicts) predicted financial scarcity over the life course, and (ii) self-mastery (a component of sense of control) accounted for the detrimental longitudinal effects of financial scarcity on health. This research suggests that to understand socioeconomic inequality in health, one should consider not only an individual's quantity of monetary resources but also the perceived sufficiency of these resources.