National Security Of Ukraine Research Articles

In the context of modern geopolitical challenges, global instability and direct armed aggression against Ukraine, the issue of ensuring national security is of paramount importance. An integral and fundamental component of national security is economic security. It creates a material basis for the functioning of all state institutions, the protection of sovereignty, territorial integrity and vital interests of society. It is the economic conditions, the stability of the national economy and its ability to mobilize to repel threats that ensure the real security of the state. Sо, the article analyzes the function of ensuring the economic security of the state through the prism of legal regulation of economic relations, in particular in the defense-industrial complex. The issues that arise between the declarative principles of a market economy and real, strict state-legal administration in areas related to national security are investigated. Based on the analysis of foreign experience of countries such as America, Great Britain, and France, the key mechanisms of state influence are revealed, namely: the system of state defense orders, budget financing, price incentives, and legislation. The role of state authorities as a tool for supporting production capacities, stimulating competition, and improving the quality of military products is highlighted. Special attention is paid to the budget process as the most important lever for controlling and financing «security programs», including the practice of «black budgets» for financing special (covert) operations. The relevant provisions of Ukrainian legislation are also analyzed, in particular the Law of Ukraine «On National Security of Ukraine», the Law of Ukraine «On Defense Procurement» and the Budget Code of Ukraine. It is substantiated that effective economic security is achieved not through the free play of market forces, but through purposeful, albeit rather resource-intensive, public administration, which is especially relevant for Ukraine in conditions of full-scale armed aggression.

The article examines the place and role of sustainable development goals in the modern national security system of Ukraine. In the context of growing global challenges, military conflicts, climate change, information attacks and socio-economic instability, the integration of sustainable development principles into state security policy is becoming particularly relevant. It is shown that the Sustainable Development Goals cannot be considered in isolation from the security paradigm, since long-term stability is only possible with a comprehensive approach that covers economic, social and environmental dimensions, as well as the legal and institutional mechanisms for ensuring them. Particular attention is paid to the security dimension of the Sustainable Development Goals, in particular Goal 16, “Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions”, which most fully reflects the interconnection between security and sustainable development. International and national regulatory and legal acts that form the legal basis for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in Ukraine are analysed, in particular: the Law of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine”, the Decree of the President of Ukraine “On the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine for the period until 2030”, the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2020–2027, the Strategy for Environmental Security and Adaptation to Climate Change, the Information Security Strategy, and the National Recovery Plan for Ukraine. It is concluded that, despite the existence of individual strategies, the regulatory and legal framework remains fragmented and needs to be unified. The article proposes a comprehensive risk-oriented approach to integrating the Sustainable Development Goals into national security policy, combining a systematic analysis of the interrelationships between security and development, indicator-based monitoring of results, and risk forecasting. The novelty of the study lies in identifying specific gaps in legal regulation and proposing a methodological model for assessing the effectiveness of integrating the Sustainable Development Goals into Ukraine’s security policy. It is argued that such an approach makes it possible to move from a declarative level of implementation to the practical realisation of sustainable development principles in the security sector, contributes to enhancing the institutional capacity of the state and the formation of a long-term state strategy focused on preventing complex threats and strengthening democratic institutions.

The rapid space technologies development, the growth of the space powers number and the private sector activation in the space industry lead to the transformation of space into a strategic arena for ensuring global security. The need to repel russian armed aggression and restore the territorial integrity of Ukraine necessitates a radical improvement of the system of ensuring national security in Ukraine and the reformatting of the domestic defense forces in accordance with the requirements of the war. Today, when russia's aggressive war against Ukraine continues, the issue of creating our state's own Space Forces is acute. The article reviews the world experience of creating Space Forces by leading countries of the world, identifies leaders in the space military race, analyzes the state of the space industry of Ukraine and its main drivers, reveals Ukraine's actions to create the Space Force for the military security of the state, reveals the actions of the central executive power body and military management – the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and all relevant departments regarding the development of the space industry for the next 10 years, until 2035. Research into the space militarization challenges is relevant for the effective tools development aimed at ensuring stability and security in outer space. The future of Ukrainian space military programs lies in cooperation. With Europe, NATO, and those partners who have access to orbital platforms, ground control stations, as well as technologies for orbital monitoring and countering threats in the space environment. Own satellites, integration with European observation constellations, military-space communication systems creation – all these are absolutely real things, provided there is competent synergy between the public and private sectors. In addition to the creation of the relevant Department, there are a number of private companies that are ready to work in this direction and contribute to the development of the Space Forces. And that is why the space forces creation in Ukraine is a necessary response to the realities of the russian-ukrainian war.

This article is devoted to the problem of comparing Ukraine's national values with European values. According to the Law of Ukraine “On National Security”, Ukraine's national security is defined as “the protection of state sovereignty, territorial integrity, democratic constitutional order, and other national interests of Ukraine from real and potential threats”. Experts rightly criticise this definition for being incomplete, since national values are no less important than interests. Values are also not mentioned in the Law of Ukraine “On the Basic Principles of State Policy in the Sphere of Establishing Ukrainian National and Civic Identity”. However, interests need to be complemented by values, as national interests in today's world can change rapidly under the influence of external and internal circumstances, while values are a stable foundation for statehood. Ukraine's strategic orientation towards European integration involves comparing Ukrainian and European values as part and whole. The basis of this process is a dialogue between European and Ukrainian cultural values. The system of values is revealed: a meaningful life, a vital system, an interactional, and a socializational system. To the usual complex of European values, such as freedom, democracy, and equality, others are added: "inner world", "deep respect for ordinary life", "self-fulfillment", as well as "freedom", "acceptable difference" and "practical rationalism of world domination". Among the Ukrainian values, the following are being analyzed: "desire for Order", "heartiness and sincerity", "freedom", "a feeling of a special connection with the environment", "a feeling of involvement in the affairs of other people", "the ability to overcome geopolitical traumas". Ukrainian cultural values are an open system, complemented by other components. Demonstrating the similarity between Ukrainian and European values in the table, the author concludes that the similarity of cultures makes Ukraine an integral part of the European sociocultural space.

This article focuses on developing scientifically grounded approaches to enhance Ukraine's migration policy framework, fostering a secure environment, and supporting national recovery. The primary aim is to construct scenario-based projections of the EU migration crisis caused by Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine.To achieve this, a multi-stage research design was applied, centered on scenario analysis using the Shell matrix approach. The first stage analyzed migration flows triggered by the invasion, examining their scale, trajectory, and implications for both Ukraine and the EU. It also explored migrants’ return intentions and the emotional and socio-economic factors influencing them.The second stage identified key drivers of migration since the onset of the war and used these findings to build a matrix model of influencing factors. The third stage addressed critical uncertainties—unpredictable but pivotal elements shaping Ukraine’s security landscape—forming a basis for scenario planning.In the fourth stage, three core migration scenarios were developed—optimistic, realistic, and pessimistic—mapped along two axes: the war's duration/outcome and the EU's integration stance toward Ukraine. The fifth stage involved expert evaluation of each scenario's feasibility and the level of consensus regarding its plausibility.The final stage led to the formulation of a conceptual legal framework through the proposed "Soft Return" state program. This program introduces legal tools for integrating migration policy into Ukraine's national security agenda, with a focus on facilitating the return of human capital. It includes provisions for legislative support, diaspora engagement mechanisms, and instruments for remote civic and economic participation, such as e-residency and digital platforms.By aligning legal reform with strategic foresight, the study presents a forward-looking model for migration governance under wartime conditions.

Ukrainian language law, which has developed over the past thirty years, is a part of the field of language rights studies. The article analyses the provisions of the fundamental normative acts of Ukrainian language law – the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws "On ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language" and "On the use of the English language in Ukraine," as well as the security law "On National Security of Ukraine" as tools for ensuring national security. The connection between the content of the legal provisions, language policy, and language planning is explored from the perspective of guaranteeing national security. The methodological basis of the research is the theory of language management and the theory of language policy and language planning. It has been found that linguistic studies in general, and the study of language law in particular, from a security perspective, are not only a promising intellectual approach to understanding the social aspects of language, but also critically important for saving national identity, statehood, and guaranteeing security as the foundation of quality life for individuals, society, and the state. Based on the results of the study, using content analysis, descriptive, and axiological methods, it has been concluded that Ukrainian language law can serve as a tool for regulating the language sphere and providing mechanisms for achieving national security. Key words: English language, security discourse, official language, language policy, language law, language planning, national security, legal discourse.

The article examines the regulatory and legal foundations of information security in Ukraine in the context of the Russian Federation’s hybrid aggression. It is determined that information security, as a component of national security, has acquired special importance in the context of a modern armed conflict, within which tools of information influence, disinformation, propaganda, and cyberattacks are actively used. The author analyzed the current legislative and regulatory framework, in particular, the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws «On National Security of Ukraine», «On Information», «On the Basic Principles of Ensuring Cybersecurity of Ukraine», strategies, decrees of the President of Ukraine, decisions of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, as well as other special acts, that form the system of regulatory regulation in the field of protection of the national information space. Special attention is paid to the impact of hybrid aggression on the content, structure, and dynamics of legal regulation. It is demonstrated that Russian aggression has become a catalyst for legislative changes, resulting in increased state control, the establishment of new institutions (notably, the Center for Countering Disinformation), the expansion of public authorities’ powers, and the introduction of special legal regimes. Key challenges related to the need to maintain a balance between ensuring information security and respecting constitutional rights and freedoms, in particular freedom of speech, the right to information, and privacy, are highlighted. Proposals have been formulated to improve legislation in this area, in particular by systematizing norms, clearly delimiting the powers of information security entities, improving judicial protection procedures, increasing the level of legal and media literacy of the population, as well as implementing international standards. Given the dynamics of information threats, the author emphasizes the need for a flexible, transparent, and strategically coordinated approach to the regulatory and legal support of information security in Ukraine, which should take into account rapidly changing technologies and global trends in the field of cybersecurity. It is emphasized that the effective implementation of state information policy requires not only improving legislation, but also proper resource provision, interdepartmental coordination, and active interaction with civil society.

The article provides a criminal-legal description of the composition of the criminal offense provided for in Part 3 of Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code, namely, “actions of citizens of Ukraine aimed at implementing the educational standards of the aggressor state in educational institutions.” Such a criminal-legal description is carried out both from the point of view of the theory of criminal law and from the point of view of the practice of applying this norm. It is determined that the object of this criminal offense is the national security of Ukraine. As for the objective side, actions aimed at implementing educational standards should be understood as an organizational and administrative decision of an official (in particular, an official of an educational institution) to transition to it. This may be a decision to adopt educational programs of the Russian Federation for implementation , control over their compliance, participation in the retraining of teachers/ lecturers, etc. It is concluded that “actions aimed at implementing educational standards” cannot be interpreted as the commission of any organizational actions by an official. The position of theorists who correctly distinguish such concepts as «implementation» and «realization» of educational standards is given. It is emphasized that «ordinary teachers», whose educational activities were not related to the implementation of educational standards of the occupying state in educational institutions in the temporarily occupied territories, but concerned exclusively the implementation of the relevant standards, do not constitute this element of the criminal offense. Referring to specific court cases, the author proves that practitioners lack a clear understanding of what “actions aimed at implementing educational standards” mean. As a result, in procedural documents, in particular verdicts , the subject is accused of committing actions that have a very indirect relationship to the implementation of educational standards. The subjects of actions aimed at implementing education are most often school principals (or acting principals), deputy principals, and less often rectors and vice-rectors of higher education institutions. Subjective parties and the composition of the criminal offense provided for in Part 3 of Article 111-1 of the Criminal Code, in the second form can be characterized as direct or indirect intent.

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and legal principles of stopping criminal offenses at critical infrastructure facilities of Ukraine as one of the components of counteraction by the Security Service of Ukraine to criminal offenses. The peculiarities of the legal nature of stopping are determined, its place in the system of counteraction to threats to state security is characterized, the stages of implementation of criminal intent and the forms of response of the special service are characterized. The need for legislative consolidation of the concept of «stopping criminal offenses» in the context of the activities of the SBU is substantiated. It is stated that the specified activity in the conditions of increasing threats from criminal encroachments on critical infrastructure facilities is of great importance for ensuring national security, economy, public order and realization of national interests of Ukraine in many areas. The main theoretical approaches to understanding stopping criminal offenses in the context of protecting OKI are analyzed. In particular, the operational-preventive approach treats termination as an active form of counteraction to crime, which consists in identifying persons who are preparing or committing crimes and preventing the implementation of criminal intent. The national security approach considers termination as a complex of operational-search, counterintelligence, criminal-procedural, anti-terrorist and other measures aimed at preventing threats to critical infrastructure. The procedural-legal approach defines termination as a stage of operational-search or criminal-procedural activity aimed at fixing criminal acts and ensuring the inevitability of punishment. The formal-legal approach focuses on termination as a final procedural action carried out in compliance with the requirements of the Constitution of Ukraine. The functional (systemic) approach considers termination as a component of the elements of a risk-oriented security system, which includes analytics, counteraction, minimization of consequences and recovery. The position is substantiated that the cessation of criminal offenses at critical infrastructure facilities is a multifaceted concept that encompasses a complex of legal, organizational, operational-search, technical and other measures aimed at interrupting criminal activity and preventing the occurrence of socially dangerous consequences. Given the specifics of the SBU’s counteraction to criminal offenses at critical infrastructure facilities, the traditional understanding of the cessation of crimes requires significant additions and expansion. The analysis of the regulatory and legal regulation of the SBU’s activities is carried out at several levels, including constitutional norms, laws of Ukraine, subordinate regulatory and legal acts, as well as international treaties. Of particular importance are the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine «On National Security of Ukraine», «On Critical Infrastructure», «On the Security Service of Ukraine», the Criminal and Criminal Procedure Codes of Ukraine, as well as special laws «On Combating Terrorism», «On the Basic Principles of Ensuring Cybersecurity of Ukraine» and others. It was found that the organizational and legal mechanisms for stopping criminal offenses are implemented through a system of interconnected elements, including the subjects of stopping, the legal grounds for their activities, the forms and methods of responding to threats, as well as the system of interaction between various state authorities and business entities. The SBU performs a number of specific functions, in particular counterintelligence protection against OKI threats, coordination of the counterterrorism system and counteraction to cyber threats. The need for an integrated approach to stopping criminal offenses at OKI is substantiated, which involves the use of the entire range of legal and organizational tools available to the SBU, taking into account the specifics of a particular threat and the characteristics of the object in need of protection. Of particular importance in the context of stopping criminal offenses is the system of interaction between various security entities, including international cooperation with competent authorities of foreign states and international organizations.

The article reflects the actual state of legal regulation of activities aimed at preventing crimes and other offences in Ukraine. Undoubtedly, there are problematic aspects and a necessity for improvement. In particular, Ukraine currently lacks an adequate legislative framework for the prevention of offences that would correspond to the growing level of crime and threats to Ukraine's national security. In the absence of a special law, a significant part of the organisational issues of offence prevention is regulated by the statutes and, consequently, by departmental regulations. There are also problematic issues in law enforcement practices regarding crime prevention: such activities focus not on the causes and conditions of crime and its development, but on the end results of criminal activity, which are mainly addressed through repressive measures. The insufficient level of professional training of the staff involved affects the effectiveness of crime prevention. As a result, law enforcement agencies give priority to repressive measures and do not pay sufficient attention to the prevention of offences: it is often carried out in an unsystematic, situational manner and to the minimum extent necessary, and therefore remains insufficiently implemented in the practice of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies. Based on the results, measures to improve legislative regulation of prevention in Ukraine have been proposed. It is necessary to adopt the law ‘On the Fundamentals of Crime Prevention’ and to develop regulatory and legal acts at the state and departmental levels aimed at its implementation and to ensure their implementation. The process of training and educating law enforcement officers in legal awareness requires constant improvement.

Implementing energy-efficient solutions and developing energy complexes to decentralise power supply are key objectives for enhancing national security in Ukraine and Eastern Europe. This study compares the design, numerical, and experimental parameters of a channel-type jet-reaction turbine. A steam turbogenerator unit and a pilot industrial experimental test bench were developed to conduct full-scale testing of the unit. The article presents experimental data on the operation of a steam turbogenerator unit with a capacity of up to 475 kW, based on a channel-type steam jet-reaction turbine (JRT), and includes the validation of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model against the obtained results. For testing, a pilot-scale experimental facility and a turbogenerator were developed. The turbogenerator consists of two parallel-mounted JRTs operating on a single electric generator. During experimental testing, the system achieved an electrical output power of 404 kW at a turbine rotor speed of 25,000 rpm. Numerical modelling of the steam flow in the flow path of the jet-reaction turbine was performed using ANSYS CFX 25 R1 software. The geometry and mesh setup were described, boundary conditions were defined, and computational calculations were performed. The experimental results were compared with those obtained from numerical simulations. In particular, the discrepancy in the determination of the power and torque on the shaft of the jet-reaction turbine between the numerical and full-scale experimental results was 1.6%, and the discrepancy in determining the mass flow rate of steam at the turbine inlet was 1.34%. JRTs show strong potential for the development of energy-efficient, low-power turbogenerators. The research results confirm the feasibility of using such units for decentralised energy supply and recovering secondary energy resources. This contributes to improved energy security, reduces environmental impact, and supports sustainable development goals.

The article analyzes the regulatory and legal principles and practice of interaction between the Security Service of Ukraine and foreign states and international organizations in organizing counteraction to criminal offenses committed at critical infrastructure facilities. The relevance of the topic is due to the increasing transnational nature of threats, in particular cyberattacks, terrorist acts and other forms of criminal encroachments on the critical infrastructure of Ukraine. It is determined that effective counteraction to these threats is impossible without a developed system of international cooperation, which is based both on generally recognized principles of international law and on specialized mechanisms of law enforcement cooperation. Forms of international cooperation between the Security Service of Ukraine and foreign institutions are disclosed, in particular through the conclusion of international agreements, exchange of information, joint operations, participation in international exercises, creation of joint investigative groups, as well as coordination of efforts within the framework of the activities of such organizations as Interpol, Europol, Eurojust, NATO, OSCE, etc. The focus is on the analysis of the legal regulation of international cooperation - both in the context of domestic legislation (the Constitution of Ukraine, the laws of Ukraine «On National Security of Ukraine», «On Critical Infrastructure», «On the Security Service of Ukraine», the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and other regulatory legal acts), and international treaties ratified by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Examples of the implementation of joint activities, in particular operations PowerOFF, Locked Shields, participation in the CISA, CCDCOE and I-FORCE projects, are demonstrated. It was established that the key task is to further improve the regulatory framework of international cooperation, harmonization with international standards, elimination of legal conflicts in cross-border access to digital evidence, increasing the interoperability of services and deepening trust between partners. It was stated that the SBU is a subject of the national critical infrastructure protection system, the security and defense sector, capable of effectively counteracting criminal offenses at critical infrastructure facilities, provided that there is effective regulatory and legal support for international cooperation.

With the beginning of the full-scale war of the russian federation against Ukraine, on February 24, 2022, the information and cyber spaces of the Ukrainian state have become full-fledged theaters of military operations in which the aggressor country is trying to implement its aggressive policy by combining destructive actions in cyberspace with information and psychological operations of various levels. Under such conditions, when russia’s aggression in information and cyberspace is one of the main components of a full-scale war against our state, and numerous cyberattacks on information resources and information and psychological operations are its integral components, Ukraine has faced with the issue of finding ways and mechanisms to ensure information and cyber security from modern challenges and emerging threats. At the same time, it is worth emphasizing that the threats and risks of information and cyber security are not limited to the territory of our state alone, but are of a cross-border nature, which significantly complicates the possibilities of their assessment and neutralization and actualizes the issue of international interaction and cooperation of the world community. This requires the adoption of active and coordinated response measures by the subjects of the international system of ensuring information and cyber security. To develop and implement measures to neutralize threats in the field of information and cyber security of Ukraine, it is necessary to have a holistic picture of social relations in certain areas and the features of their legal regulation. That is why, today, the problem of analyzing the organizational and legal principles of managing information and cyber security as components of national security in Ukraine is urgent and extremely relevant. In this article the author considers the concept of state resilience as a combination of internal and external factors of the ability of the state as a system to perform its main functions in the conditions of threats, challenges and aggression from other states.

The article carries out a comprehensive comparative analysis of the elements of crimes provided for in Art. 111 (high treason) and Part 7 of Art. 111-1 (military collaboration) of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Based on a study of theoretical sources and judicial practice for 2022–2024, it was established that there is a significant coincidence of objective and subjective features of these crimes, which creates significant difficulties in law enforcement. It is determined that the direct object of military collaboration is the national interests of the state in ensuring military security, and of state treason is the national security of Ukraine mainly in the sphere of state security, information, economic, scientific and technological and military spheres. It is established that the object of the crime provided for in Art. 111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is broader, but overlaps with the object of Part 7 of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in the sphere of military security. The subjective aspects of both crimes, which are characterized by direct intent, were analyzed. It was noted that the subject of the analyzed crimes is also common – a citizen of Ukraine. It was established that the difference is the broader nature of the objective aspect of Art. 111 than Part 7 of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In the process of analyzing the norms, it was established that the objective aspect of the crime provided for in Part 7 of Art. 111-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (voluntary participation of a citizen of Ukraine in illegal armed or paramilitary formations created in a temporarily occupied territory and/or in armed formations of the aggressor state or providing such formations with assistance in conducting hostilities against the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations formed in accordance with the laws of Ukraine, volunteer formations that were formed or self-organized to protect the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine) can be qualified as one of the three forms of state treason, in particular, going over to the side of the enemy during an armed conflict. In this regard, after analyzing the opinions of various lawyers and judicial practice, a conclusion was made on the appropriateness of amending the Criminal Code of Ukraine, namely by removing from Part 7 of Article 111-1 the reference to military collaboration, which should receive a criminal legal assessment with reference to Art. 111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.

The effectiveness of anti-money laundering systems is vital for national economic resilience, especially in transitional economies facing wartime challenges, such as Ukraine. This study aims to identify key managerial determinants of the effectiveness of Ukraine’s anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT) system and to develop evidence-based recommendations for improving its performance. Based on data from Ukrainian national institutions for the period 2011–2023, the study employs principal component analysis and multiple linear regression to evaluate 44 statistical indicators related to institutional workload, procedural efficiency, and inter-agency coordination. The findings reveal that a small set of indicators, including the volume of suspicious transaction reports from non-banking institutions, the number of dossiers compiled, and the backlog of unresolved judicial cases, explain over 70% of the system’s output variance. The final model exhibits high explanatory power (R² = 0.963), underscoring the importance of prioritizing high-impact operational metrics. The study concludes that targeted procedural reforms and enhanced coordination between institutions can significantly strengthen AML/CFT outcomes in fragile and reforming contexts. AcknowledgmentThis study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (project No. 0123U101945 – National security of Ukraine through prevention of financial fraud and money laundering: war and post-war challenges).

The article considers a set of topical theoretical and applied problems regarding the development of national legislation in the field of national and information security of Ukraine. The historical and legal principles of the transformation of models of legislative regulation in the field of national security in the late 20th - early 21st centuries are highlighted and priority measures for the development of national legislation on these issues are identified in accordance with the requirements of the Constitution of Ukraine. A set of topical problems in the field of information security protection is also considered and specific proposals are developed for amending the Law of Ukraine "On National Security of Ukraine", proposals are provided for the conceptual provisions for the preparation of the draft law "On Information Security of Ukraine". In the context of Ukraine's European integration, the main standards and requirements of EU legislation on human information security, in particular the protection of personal data and the privacy of human life, are considered. In addition, basic principles are identified and systemic proposals are provided for the development of a new model of the personal data protection system in Ukraine and the development of national legislation in this area in accordance with the standards of the European Union member states.

Based on the analysis of the state of normalization of the process of organizing and exercising oversight by the prosecutor’s office of compliance with the Constitution and laws of Ukraine during counterintelligence activities, by bodies and units that have the right to carry out such activities, in particular the laws of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine”, “On Operational and Investigative Activities”, “On Counterintelligence Activities”, “On the Prosecutor's Office”, “On Intelligence”, the Criminal Code of Ukraine and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, significant inconsistencies in the legislation were identified and appropriate changes were proposed. The authors of the scientific article considered certain assumptions of representatives of individual state bodies of Ukraine regarding the validity of doubts in the presence of the prosecutor’s legislative powers to exercise oversight of compliance with the Constitution and laws of Ukraine during counterintelligence activities, which was carried out, based on the results of the analysis of the legislation of Ukraine in force at the time of preparation of the scientific publication, regarding the existing legal regulation of the prosecutor’s supervision over the conduct of counterintelligence activities.

Modern realities and trends of social life have become particularly acutely conflictual in the context of the current full-scale hot war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. This has led to a new wave of social, political, cultural, religious, legal, economic, and other aspects of social transformations in the world and Ukraine, which pose threats to the security of individuals and society. The article identifies the role of the religious factor in the Russian war against Ukraine and the significance and importance of the religious and legal aspect of national security in overcoming the challenges of war and transition to post-war peaceful development of the Ukrainian state. Particular attention is paid to examples of Russia's active use of the religious factor in the war against Ukraine. It is noted that the secular nature of the Ukrainian state and the fact that its international relations are based on respect for human rights and freedoms, including conscience, religion and beliefs, and full enjoyment of the rights and freedoms of religious/ethno-religious minorities can be an effective safeguard against the escalation of Russia's full-scale hot war against Ukraine into a global one and internal spiritual disintegration of Ukrainian society. It is found that one of the reliable factors of ensuring national security in Ukraine is the guarantee and enforcement of religious rights and freedoms and strict observance/implementation of legislation by all subjects of socio-religious relations. At the same time, an appropriate measure of legal responsibility for violations of the law should be applied, primarily the responsibility of those religious organisations and their members whose activities are dangerous for the Ukrainian state and society. In view of the above, in order to overcome threats to Ukrainian statehood and solve problems in the field of national security, public authorities and their officials should pay special attention to the religious aspect of the national security component of Ukraine and introduce relevant provisions into the legal framework (laws, bylaws) of the state. The article emphasises that overcoming the obstacles that hinder the effective social action of law and create challenges to national security will accelerate Ukraine's victory in the war with the Russian Federation and the construction of a real democratic, socially-oriented state based on the rule of law and a developed Ukrainian civil society in the post-war peaceful period.

The author determines the legal regime of the results of creative and intellectual activity created in the exercise of powers by the security and defense sector units in the context of existing developments and the regulatory framework. Attention is drawn to its projection into the areas of security and defense legislation, intellectual property rights, and state secrets. The author establishes that legal regulation of public relations in this area is associated with the exercise of powers by employees of bodies and units within the framework of ensuring national interests, in particular, during military service, which justifies the need to find a compromise between the interests of the author, users and the State in the context of existential challenges to the existence of the latter. The author divides the content of intellectual property rights in relation to such service intellectual property objects, which is quite differentiated depending on the attribution of such a result of creative and intellectual activity to the relevant group of objects, as well as their nature. It is established that in order to achieve a compromise in the conflict of private and public interests (in the field of intellectual property and national security), the rights of the subjects of such relations are restricted with appropriate compensatory mechanisms. The author analyzes the draft law No. 13111 dated 17.03.2025 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Intellectual Property Rights to Objects Created in Connection with Military Service”, which provided an opportunity to express the author’s own proposals for improving the legal regulation of the legal regime of such objects and the legal status of the relevant subjects of intellectual property rights. In this regard, it is proposed to systematize the material set out in the draft law, where the norms that should be directly reflected in the legislation on the legal status of security and defense sector entities, the Law of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine”, civil legislation at the level of a law or a bylaw should be identified. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure compliance with the principle of legal certainty and avoid excessive lawmaking.

The article analyzes the current state of stability of Ukraine's national economic security in the conditions of a full-scale war and global challenges. The impact of the main risk factors is revealed: military aggression, energy instability, financial unresolved aspects that require additional research have been identified. Directions for increasing economic sustainability have been substantiated, in particular through institutional reforms, development of domestic production, integration with the EU, and support for financial stability. The results obtained can be used in the formation of state economic policy in the war and post-war periods. National economic security is a key element of the stability and development of the state. In the context of current challenges, such as military aggression, energy crisis, inflationary fluctuations and geopolitical instability, ensuring economic stability is becoming a priority for the government policy of Ukraine. This article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the stability of Ukraine's economic security, the main threats and directions for its strengthening. The current state of Ukraine's national economic security remains vulnerable, but is showing signs of resilience thanks to the support of international partners, reforms, and efforts by state institutions. Further strengthening the economy requires a comprehensive approach to risk management, stimulating domestic development, and expanding strategic partnerships. The article provides proposals for ensuring the sustainability of national economic security, namely: strengthening energy independence (development of domestic energy production; investment in renewable energy sources; modernization of energy infrastructure); increasing financial stability (strengthening supervision of the banking sector; creation of a stabilization reserve; expanding access to international financial resources); development of domestic production; state programs for SMEs (small and medium-sized businesses); institutional strengthening; security of logistics and critical infrastructure; human capital and demographic stability; deepening international integration.