Budget Of Ukraine Research Articles

INNOVATIVE DESIGN OF SOCIAL TRANSFER PROGRAMS IN UKRAINE THROUGH THE LIGHT OF WORLD EXPERIENCE

Topicality. The global and local crises over the past two decades have redefined the role of social protection and social security systems as automatic social and economic stabilizers. Despite the level of economic development of the country, the global experience indicates that countries with a well-defined social strategy are less difficult and suffer less time to stabilize the country. Effective state social policy is relevant in times of economic crisis and is necessary to alleviate internal market disfunction. It is worth to admit that annually from the state budget of Ukraine almost 70% of social expenditures are redistributed to programs for improving the standard of living of the needy. However, despite the efforts of government officials, the level of poverty is increasing annually, and the problem is the mass outflow of workforce abroad. The current situation in the field of social security and its level of financing is unsatisfactory, since it does not contribute to the overall improvement of the standard and quality of life of the population, and therefore requires regulation with the introduction of fundamental changes in social budgeting. Aim and tasks The purpose of the study was to determine the argumentation based on the study of the world experience of national priorities of social policy modification and substantiation of innovative design of social transfer programs in the conditions of spreading threats of globalization challenges and strengthening of the turbulence of the macroeconomic environment. Research results. As a result of studying foreign experience, the authors of the article found that the social policy of a successful country is intended to fulfil a regulative and stimulating role in ensuring the development of the economy and creating conditions for the effective functioning of the social protection system, social security and social services, the activity of which should be not only an "act of charity", but a way to increase the economic activity of the working classes and support other segments of the population to ensure a decent life for the whole community. However, over the years of independence, Ukraine's social policy has never been shaped as a coherent, integrated strategy. It is in fact replaced by the accumulation of various types of poorly justified and not supported by the possibilities of budget financing of payments, benefits, subsidies, etc. The establishment and functioning of the national social security system is undoubtedly important, but the objective need to formulate a social transfer policy in order to find ways to optimize the social sphere by enhancing the effectiveness of the social transfer tool that must be taken into account. Conclusions. The research made it possible to substantiate the position of the authors, which is that the permanent nature of the socio-economic crisis in Ukraine forces to work on the development of anti-crisis measures in the social sphere. This requires constant updating of the tools of the social protection system, social security and social services as automatic state social stabilizers and economic incentives to activate life and well-being of the population. In times of crisis and post-crisis periods, social policies should aim to compensate for the loss of economic benefits not only for the population in need, but also for the proportion of the population in need because of the crisis. Therefore, the state, through social programs, must “insure” a decent standard of living for the entire population of the country, especially in times of crisis.

ENSURING THE EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS OF JUDGES AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THEIR SOCIAL SECURITY

The article forms an actual scientific idea about the impact of ensuring the labor rights of judges in Ukraine on the level of their social security. It is determined that the level of social security of judges depends on the quality of ensuring their labor rights, because such rights exist for sustainable human development, that is, there is a satisfaction of the needs for social benefits that are produced in the field of labor. Rights exist to prevent the occurrence of situations in which an employee experiences humiliation of his human dignity, restriction of his freedom, as well as other human rights. The rights are regulated by general and special rules, considering the social risks common to all employees and special for judges. Such regulation is carried out to reduce the negative impact on judges. This regulation is subject to the principle of legality. Labor rights are ensured and protected at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine. They are guaranteed by the State at the national level and by international governmental organizations at the international level. The labor rights of judges can be protected both in the general order, considering certain exceptions, and with the help of special forms of protection that are provided only for judges. The level of implementation and protection of the labor rights of judges determines the level of civilization of society. It is proved that the peculiarities of the labor rights of judges and their impact on the social security of judges require the state to create favorable conditions for their provision. In cases where the State ignores such a duty and the employment rights of a judge are not sufficiently ensured, the State concerned cannot be considered social, legal, and democratic. The lack of guarantees for the implementation of the labor rights of judges, which is currently happening in Ukraine, negatively affects the independence of the courts and the proper administration of justice in the country.

Research of institutional aspects of the project financing of socio-economic development of the region

The object of research is the institutional aspects of project financing of the socio-economic development of the region. One of the most problematic places is the opaque and imperfect system of applying the project approach to its financial support. The study presents a generalized and interpreted definition of project financing of the socio-economic development of the region as an innovative mechanism for financial support for the implementation of the strategic tasks of the socio-economic development of the region based on the project approach. The analysis of the problematic aspects of the institutionalization of state financial support for the development of the regions on the basis of the project approach: – funds of the State Regional Development Fund (SRDF); – subvention for the development of infrastructure of the united territorial communities (UTC); – funds of the state budget of Ukraine received from the European Union. An institutional approach has been applied to consider the mechanisms of interaction and relationships of subjects of public relations, assess their behavior in meeting the norms of distribution and use of funds for project financing. The key general and distinctive institutional aspects of project financing of socio-economic development of the regional level are identified. The main problematic aspects for improving the institutional foundations of project financing of the socio-economic development of the region are identified. It is substantiated in the work that the mismatch of projects with the objective of regional development strategies, the terms of reference for plans for their implementation, as well as lobbying for non-development projects, and « projects supporting current activities » do not contribute to the development of territories. The research results are recommended for use in practice by representatives of legislative and executive authorities making decisions on the use of project financing tools for the socio-economic development of the region. It is proposed to the expert commissions on the selection of regional development projects, the working groups on strategic planning for the development of territories to take into account the identified positive and negative factors in order to further clarify the mechanisms of state financial support for developing projects at the regional level.

Analysis of public debt of Ukraine

Subject of research is public debt. The purpose of this article is to analyze the status of public debt of Ukraine, its dynamics and structure. Methods which were used in course of research: the method of systemic structural analysis and synthesis, method of comparative analysis, generalization, statistical, General, special methods of scientific knowledge and other research methods. Study results.The article described the views of scientists on the essence of economic category «public debt». Analyzed the periods of the formation of government debt, the dynamics of the budget deficit of Ukraine over the past 10 years, public and publicly guaranteed debt of Ukraine from 2012 to 2019 Indicated the negative effects of the impact of public debt on the economy and forward-looking indicators of public debt in the years 2020-2024. Application of results.Тhe results of the study can be used in the activities of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, as well as in institutions of higher education in teaching economic disciplines. Conclusions.The state budget of Ukraine is performed by increasing the volume of its deficiency and the use of borrowing to Finance it. The result is an increase in government direct and guaranteed debt, and this is what causes the increased pressure on the public finances, on the development of our country, which negatively affects economic growth. During the years of independence, there were fluctuations in government and government-guaranteed debt, but never reached zero values. The main objective of the government is to stabilize the economy, and hence in the medium term, he needs to resolve the question of reducing public debt because it poses a threat to financial and economic security of the country.

Budget expenditure as a tool of social development

Relevance of the research topic. In the context of economic transformation, issues of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of budget expenditures as a tool for social development are actualized. Budget expenditures should be planned taking into account the dynamic and cyclical nature of economic processes, the need to ensure a sufficient level of institutional economic transformation, the use of effective financial and budgetary mechanisms and tools, in particular, a sound system for monitoring the efficiency of use of budgetary funds. A well-balanced approach to budgetary architecture is an important prerequisite for stimulating economic growth and ensuring macroeconomic stability. At the same time, the architecture of budget expenditures influences the structural transformations in the branches of economy, the development of human potential. Formulation of the problem. At this stage of the development of the public finance system, it is advisable to determine the appropriate institutional framework for budgeting as a tool for social development, directions for full implementation of the medium-term budget planning process in the budget process, improving the effectiveness of budget programs. At the same time, the choice of financial regulation instruments in the area of budget expenditures involves taking into account the leading experience of countries with both developed and transformational economies. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problem of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of budget expenditures as a tool for social development is quite common in scientific research. These are the works of well-known domestic and foreign scientists: J. Buchanan, W. Mitchell, J. M. Keynes, T. Bogolib, I. Zapatrina, L. Lysyak, O. Samoshkina, I. Chugunov and others. Highlighting unexplored parts of a common problem. The above issues are actualized in connection with the strengthening of globalization processes, unfavorable internal economic environment, which requires solving a number of specific tasks related to the need to strengthen coordination of spending units and improve approaches to the formation of quality levels of performance of budget programs in order to establishment of the degree of achievement of targets, goals, objectives, which will strengthen the relationship between the financial resources used and obtained and results. Goal setting, research goals. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the role of budget expenditures as a tool for social development; to analyze and estimate the expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine identify the main factors that affect the budgetary architecture; open up provisions for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of budgetary use. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the priorities of the budgetary policy in the sphere of expenditures in the conditions of economic transformations. Research method or methodology. The set of scientific research methods is applied in the article: systematic approach, statistical analysis, structuring, analysis, synthesis, etc. Basic material presentation (results of work). The role of budget expenditures as a tool for social development is identified. The analysis and estimation of expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine have been carried out. The main factors that influence the budgetary architecture are identified. Provision is made to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of budget funds. The priorities of the budgetary policy in the sphere of expenditures in the conditions of economic transformations are substantiated. Area of application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the process of forming and implementing the budget policy of Ukraine, reforming the public finance system. Conclusions according to article. Expenditure budgetary policy, through the use of a set of fiscal instruments, allows solving the challenges facing the country at a certain stage of social development, achieving the necessary macroeconomic proportions and accelerating economic growth. In the context of economic transformations, the important tasks of budgetary policy in the sphere of expenditures are: improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of budgetary funds; optimization and concentration of budget funds in priority directions of socio-economic development of the country; full implementation of the medium-term budgetary planning in the budget process, which is one of the effective tools for regulating socio-economic processes and a precondition for transparency and efficiency of the budget process.

Development trends of local taxes in the system of local budgets in Ukraine

Effective system of local self-government is a key to the successful development of a democratic state. It should be aimed at ensuring the effective performance of functions by the authorities, creating environment for obtaining quality services by citizens, and introducing and expanding the system of local taxes.Local taxes make the financial basis for the activities of local self-government bodies. However, nowadays, the lack of their volume and revenue instability are considered as a matter of national concern. Funding of state delegated powers, which is mainly due to transfer payments, is characterized by the delayed receipt of revenues and the lack of revenue in terms of targets, thereby creating problems with financing from local budgets.The article investigates the essentials of local taxation in the system of local budgets in Ukraine. It also summarizes methodological approaches to determining the nature of local taxes, clarifies their fiscal role in the local tax system and local budgets, and analyzes the existing practice of formation and implementation of local taxes in local budget revenues. Besides, prospective lines of improvement of the local taxation system are investigated and recommendations for its development are elaborated. Also, the subject to reform of the system of tax and budgetary relations was substantiated; changes in some administration mechanisms, the list expansion due to environmental fees and strengthened control over the unshadowing of small and medium businesses were offered.

Formation of Financial Self-Sufficiency for Local Budgets in Ukraine: Problems and Prospects of Increasing the Revenue Base

The guarantee for stable development of the local community's well-being creates conditions to ensure the financial self-sufficiency for local budgets. Today it is urgent to improve the theoretical and practical approaches to forming the local budget revenue to ensure the necessary financial self-sufficiency level for local budgets. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate the level of financial self-sufficiency for local budgets in Ukraine in 1998−2019 by analyzing the revenue side of these budgets. The research used methods of economic, systemic, and structural dynamic analysis. The paper compares different approaches to defining the concept of “financial self-sufficiency for local budgets”. It is determined that the community's success depends on the level of its financial self-sufficiency, which is possible only when the community has financial resources fully to implement local budgets in terms of expenditures. Structural and dynamic analysis of the local budget revenue in Ukraine for 1998-2019 is carried out to assess the level of financial self-sufficiency for local budgets in Ukraine as a whole. The study results indicate the state measures correctness in the reforming of the local taxation system in 2010 and budget decentralization in 2015. However, these measures must be fully implemented and systemic. Conclusions: the composition and structure of the revenues of the local budgets are continually changing, due to the constant changes in the tax system of Ukraine and the state’s efforts to solve the problem of generating local budget revenues, not due to the development of local taxation, but via official transfers. In such conditions, the self-sufficiency of local budgets does not receive the appropriate level. Local budgets are formed on the principle of minimum execution. However, the local taxation system development and the significant increase in tax revenues from local taxes since 2015 allow us to make optimistic forecasts for the growth of the financial self-sufficiency level for local budgets in the future. Keywords: self-sufficiency, community, budget, taxes.

RЕFORM OF THE SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL CONTROL OVER THE EXECUTION OF LOCAL BUDGETS

The article defines, the need to improve the system of public financial control at the regional level is due to the concentration of financial and material resources of a particular area for more efficient use. Definitely at the current stage of development of financial control, scientists pay much attention to providing recommendations for reforming financial control over the implementation of local budgets, but they are diverse, which complicates the comprehensive improvement of the system of financial control over the implementation of local budgets. The need to increase the efficiency of the system of financial control over the implementation of local budgets in Ukraine, the need to revise many theoretical and practical provisions requires research and development of scientifically sound recommendations for further development of the control system at the local level. The purpose of the article is to identify problems of inefficiency of the state financial control of local budgets, develop directions for its reform in the context of organizational, regulatory, methodological support and justify the need for public monitoring in the budget process as a tool for civil society and local authorities. The methodological basis of the study are general philosophical and general scientific methods of cognition of phenomena and processes in the system of financial control. In the process of studying the theoretical aspects of control, a systematic approach was used to form a system of financial control over the implementation of local budgets.The directions of reforming the system of financial control over the implementation of local budgets in terms of elements of the support subsystem of the financial control system are proposed, namely: improvement of regulatory, organizational, personnel, methodological and information support. The practical implementation of the proposed measures will improve the quality of budget process management, the formation and development of the system of municipal financial control, increase the efficiency and effectiveness of local governments and other participants in the budget process.

Аналіз ефективності місцевого оподаткування в Україні

One of the key factors on which the efficient functioning of the entire national economy depends is the organization of the State taxation system. In today’s conditions, a sufficient amount of revenues of local budgets are needed to meet the social needs of the population, to solve problems of local nature at the administrative-territorial level. For the successful social and economic development of territories, it is necessary to have a reasonable amount of funds in the budget, as well as a plan for the efficient use of these funds. As result of the research, the essence of local taxes and their efficiency are allocated. It is specified that the Tax Code is a prerequisite for fulfilling the tasks of tax reform and a step towards creating a more perfect taxation system. The current status of the revenue base of budgets in Ukraine, the dynamics of collections of taxes and fees in budget revenues during 2014-2019 are analyzed; the role of local taxes in the formation of the revenue part of local budgets is defined. The results of the process of financial decentralization in Ukraine are summarized, in particular, the increase of powers that can be transferred to the local level in order to increase the independence of local budgets and improve the inter-budget relations. The mechanism of budget alignment, which replaced the formula for distribution of the volume of inter-budget transfers, is researched. The necessity of further reform of local taxation taking into account the competitive advantages and interests of each individual region, optimization, expansion of the base of local taxation and the right of local authorities to establish and collect local taxes and fees in order to avoid problems of forming the revenue base of local budgets of Ukraine is substantiated.

ACTUAL ISSUES OF FORMING THE REVENUE PART OF LOCAL BUDGETS IN THE CONTEXT OF ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL REFORM IN

Introduction. The reform of local self-government and territorial organization of power has been implemented in Ukraine since 2015. Decentralization is one of the most important transformations in the European integration context and aims to form real local self-government, starting from the basic level – united communities. The formed united territorial communities have to be able to provide its competitions and public services at the appropriate level. Socioeconomic stability of the basic level of administrative-territorial structure heavily depends on the correspondence and balance between the received financial resources and competitions. At the same time, the state and trends of local budgets are influenced by legislation framework. Currently, the revenue part of local government budgets is too dependent on government programs and subventions, which makes it difficult for communities to independently stimulate local economic development. Also, the expected introduction of a market for agricultural land may lead to significant changes in the structure of tax revenues of the united communities of individual regions. The purpose. Іnvestigate trends in the formation of the revenue part of local budgets and find ways to increase the financial capacity of local governments in the context of reform of local government and territorial organization of power. Results. The state, problems, sources of revenues and further prospects of local budgets in Ukraine are studied. The main sources of revenue of local budgets, their economic nature, features of administration and possible threats in case of launch of the land market are identified. Topical issues of formation and possible ways and sources of further filling of the revenue part of local budgets are identified.

PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF LOCAL BUDGET DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING FINANCIAL SELF-SUFFICIENCY OF TERRITORIES IN UKRAINE

The purpose of the work is to identify trends and outline the problems of local budget revenues in Ukraine in the context of financial decentralization. Emphasis is placed on the need to form a systematic vision of the role of budget policy in ensuring the development of territories, determining the basis for the formation and implementation of local budgets in the context of ensuring the self-sufficiency of territorial communities formed as a result of decentralization. The scientific article presents the results of the analysis of the development of local budgets in Ukraine in the conditions of formation and functioning of united territorial communities. Research and calculations were conducted for the periods 2008-2018 and 2013-2019, which helps to identify trends and changes in the formation of local budgets due to fiscal innovations in 2014, the analysis of own revenues and transfers per capita in the regions of Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the budget policy of territorial development in Ukraine at the present stage to increase the role of local governments in the budget sphere, providing them with expanded functions and achieving the ability to ensure the development of the territory through efficient use of available resources and use and search for additional opportunities. The main problems that remained unresolved in the context of decentralization reforms and intensified as a result of changes were identified. There is an inflated level of redistribution of gross domestic product through the public finance sector and a low level of institutional capacity of management to effectively manage financial resources, which is characterized by the risk of declining economic development and slowing down the activity of economic entities. The high level of dependence of local budgets of territories on financial support from the state budget and the problem of inefficient distribution of powers between different levels of government are argued. Emphasis is placed on the growth of disparities in the financial capacity of territories in the context of reforms of administrative and financial decentralization. As a result of the analysis of relevant indicators, the constant change of "rules" of subventions to local budgets is justified, which negatively affects the development of territories and is accompanied by the inability of local governments to effectively strategic planning of their own development. It is established to strengthen the financial capacity of developed regions, cities of regional significance and areas around such cities, deepening the depression of rural areas far from powerful "growth points" due to decentralization changes. The role of taxes as the main sources of revenue to local budgets (personal income tax, excise tax on fuel and excise tax on the sale of excisable goods, local taxes and fees) by business entities is substantiated.

The Role of Indirect Taxes in the Process of Filling the State Budget

The process of the state budget revenues formation is accompanied by economic relations which are based on the withdrawal of a share of economic entities revenues in the form of direct and indirect taxes to the centralized fund for financial resources. The priorities of the state in fiscal policy and the level of economic development of society are determined through the level of the balance between revenues from direct and indirect taxes to the budget. The state has a significant impact on socio-economic growth, regulates macro- and microeconomic processes through taxes. Ukraine is currently at a rather complicated political and economic stage of development, which is accompanied by the tasks of sufficient and prompt filling the state budget to perform socio-economic functions. Indirect taxes occupy an important place in this process. They have the vast majority in the structure of tax revenues, that’s why the issue of studying its impact on the formation of the revenue side of the state budget and stimulating the economy is relevant. The article considers the issues of filling Ukraine's Budget through indirect taxes. The role of indirect taxes in the formation of budget revenues and its importance as a tool for state regulation of economic processes in society is proved. The directions to improve filling the budget through indirect taxes are determined.

Local borrowings as a tool for replenishing local budget income

In this article, the essence of local borrowing was formulated and different notions for “local borrowing” were taken into consideration. It is determined that local borrowing is one of the most important sources of replenishment of local budget revenues, which can be directed to the solution of current and long-term problems, as well as the implementation of socio-economic programs of local governments. The relevance of supplementing the local budgets of Ukraine at the expanse of local borrowing within the framework of financial decentralization was noted. It is substantiated that for the effective development of the system of local loans in Ukraine it is necessary to explore and use foreign experience in the formation of the legal and regulatory base of the functioning of the system of local borrowing. It has been researched that the existing legal framework is imperfect and incomplete, which significantly influences the development of the local borrowing institute. The state of the municipal borrowing market in Ukraine has been analyzed. It is established that the level of efficiency of municipal loans to Ukraine is very low. The tasks were introduced that will help to build the effective system of local borrowing regulation. It is revealed that the local borrowing market in Ukraine is still in its initial stage of development and is not fully developed. In connection with this, the main problems of its development are identified, among them: increasing risk of late repayment and payment of debt obligations, reduction of demand for municipal securities due to deterioration of liquidity of financial intermediaries and lack of transparency of information on activity issuers. It is proposed to improve the functioning of the local borrowing market in Ukraine by introducing an appropriate legal framework for the issuance and placement of local loan securities, widening access of local governments to the internal and external borrowing market, and simplifying the procedures for obtaining permits and registering municipal bond issues.

Innovations in Management of Fiscal Equalisation: Decentralization Reform

The article summarises the results of scientific analysis of the effectiveness of the system of horizontal financial equalisation as a tool for reducing inter-territorial economic and social disparities. The primary purpose of this study is to substantiate innovative approaches to improving the efficiency of the system of financial equalisation and operational management of financial imbalances of territories in the context of decentralisation reform. The subject of the study is the processes of management of the financial equalisation system in Ukraine since 2015, as it was at this time that the decentralisation reform began, the basis of which was the redistribution of financial resources. The presence of several unresolved practical and, therefore, technical and methodological tasks in the process of implementing the financial equalisation policy in Ukraine in the period 2015-2020 has made the research relevant. The comparative analysis of the system of horizontal financial equalisation in Ukraine in terms of its effectiveness in reducing inter-territorial fiscal imbalances and assessing the effectiveness of the authors’ innovative approaches to managing the financial equalisation system became a methodological tool of the study. Statistical and econometric methods were used to verify the obtained results. The results of the study showed that the current approach to financial equalisation of disparities in the local budgets of Ukraine is not sufficient and needs improvement. New management approaches have been developed in the system of financial management of territories aimed at improving the mechanism of horizontal equalisation of local budgets, in particular, at reducing the number of local budgets, which receive essential subsidies from the state budget and improving the efficiency of the horizontal equalisation system in terms of reducing financial disparities between local budgets. Because of these goals, the analysis of the inclusion of the country’s capital (Kyiv) into the national financial equalisation system was carried out. The study also substantiates the need for permanent monitoring of financial equalisation effectiveness. For a better understanding of how effectively the system of horizontal equalisation of fiscal revenues of territories functions, it is proposed to carry out a constant (annual) analysis of standard deviation indicators and other indicators that characterise its effectiveness. The results of the study can be useful both for state bodies planning and implementing the state budget and for implementing local financial policies by local self-governments. Keywords management, innovation, financial equalisation, budget, imbalance, asymmetry, decentralisation.

ВИДАТКИ НА РОЗВИТОК МІНІСТЕРСТВА ОБОРОНИ УКРАЇНИ ЗА 2014 – 2020 РОКИ

The article presents and analyses the budget of the Ministry of Defense in the course of the latest years according to datawhich have been approved by the State budget of Ukraine, its state and perspectives of development, as well as the features thatit is influenced by. There’s a presented comparison of the defense budget of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine in absolute andrelative indicators with a consideration for inflation. In every country the sector of defense in a variety of its manifestationshappens to be a powerful community that often plays a dominating and crucial role. The aspiration of the government to assurethe defense capability of the state is reflected in the adequate establishment of the military budget, the appropriate expendituresfor defense purposes, the peculiarities of their implementation under the conditions of a military conflict and its adherence tointernational norms. Due to the increase in short terms of combat capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine it was possible tostop the illegal armed formations. Yet, the issue of supporting the combat capabilities of our Armed Forces due to the resourcesand finances used for its purpose remains part of the current agenda. At the current stage of development of Ukraine there ar ethe challenges to increase the defense capabilities of the state, the conduct of reforms of the Armed Forces of Ukraine as well asother military formations in accordance with the state of the art requirements and including the experience obtained in the courseof the United Forces Operation, yet also the development of the defense-industrial complex, which is necessary to satisfy theneeds of our Armed Forces to the maximum. The successful implementation of the set tasks is in a significant way dependent onthe appropriate financial support the basis of which is formed by the expenditures of the state budget. Thus, the issue ofdynamics and the structure of the expenditures mentioned as well as the identification of systematic obvious tendencies in thesphere of defense financing are a part of the current agenda, especially under the conditions of the Russian armed aggressionagainst Ukraine.

ЛЕГАЛІЗАЦІЯ ГРАЛЬНОГО БІЗНЕСУ ТА ГОТЕЛЬНА ІНДУСТРІЯ: ТОЧКИ ДОТИКУ

Socio-economic problems and long-term discussions in Ukrainian politics and business about finding new models of profits from the hotel industry have put on the agenda the issue of increasing regional revenues and replenishing the budget of Ukraine through the introduction of gaming hotels and development of special entertainment areas.Despite significant scientific achievements and revealed problems in the hotel industry, today it is extremely important to assess the impact of legalization of gambling in Ukraine on the functioning of hotel enterprises. Therefore, the main task in presenting the material of the article is to assess the possible ways of development of the hospitality industry of Ukraine due to the official permission to conduct gambling business in hotels.The gambling business existed in Ukraine until 1917, after which it was banned until 2009. In autumn 2010, the draft law of Ukraine «On Gambling» was developed, but it was not adopted by the parliament due to the need to finalize and clarify it with a focus on world experience of interaction of gambling zones with the authorities and to separate gambling from bookmaking. The draft of this bill partly belonged to the measures to ensure Ukraine's preparation for Euro-2012. In 2020, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the bill No2285-d «On state regulation of the organization and conduct of gambling», which will enter into force in 2021.Analyzing the many years of global experience in gambling, we can conclude that in this legal activity of gambling establishments at hotels will have more advantages than disadvantages.One of the projects announced by the leadership of Ukraine is called «Danube» and is planned to be implemented in part on the territory of the national nature park «Tuzla estuaries» and adjacent recreational areas of Odessa region. The 500-hectare project between Lake Sasyk and the Black Sea envisages the construction of a 10 km embankment, more than 80 hotels with 150 to 1,000 rooms, the creation of 5,000 jobs, and the arrangement of a venue for festivals and a gaming zone. The resort is planned as a year-round (figure) and provides for the construction of the first hotels in 2022, and the appearance of the first million tourists − in 2025, 6 million tourists are projected in 2030. The first investment from scratch will be $ 2.5 billion. USA. According to our research, this project is very risky and can lead to the destruction of the nature of the national nature park. In the case of the actual implementation of this project requires extremely serious economic calculations, which must involve scientists from different sectors of the economy.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ФІНАНСОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ


 
 
 
 The efficiency of meeting the needs of the military personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine directly depends on financial planning, which includes: correct identifying of the needs and ensuring timely and efficient use of the funds specified by law. It is determined that the level of financing of the Ukrainian Armed Forces is insufficient and adversely affects the fulfillment of the tasks assigned to them.The article defines the dynamics of defense expenditures from the State Budget of Ukraine, as well as their share of the volume of domestic gross product. A comparative analysis of the structure of budget expenditures of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and NATO countries is carried out. It was proved that the current structure of the state budget expenditures does not allow to satisfy fully the needs of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and provide military servicemen with their social guarantees.The forecast of financial support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine on general and special funds till 2023 is presented. In course of conducted research, the following scientific methods were used: modeling – to determine the projected financial support for the Armed Forces of Ukraine; economic and statistical – to assess the dynamics of defense expenditures; analysis and synthesis – to find out the reasons for the change in the structure of expenditures; tabular and graphical – to represent the results of the study; abstract-logical – in implementation of theoretical and methodological conclusions.
 
 
 

Statistical Assessment of the Budget Management Effectiveness When Drawing Up, Reviewing and Approving the State Budget

Theoretical and methodological foundations for evaluating the effectiveness of managing the budget process at its initial stage are deepened, views of various experts on the management effectiveness when drawing up, reviewing the draft law and adopting it are considered. It is substantiated that in recent years the procedure and terms of submitting the draft and adopting the Law of Ukraine “On the State Budget of Ukraine” have been repeatedly violated. The necessity to increase the budget management effectiveness at the first stage of the budget process is proved. The questionnaire of the public poll is developed, on the basis of which the evaluation of the management effectiveness when drawing up, reviewing of the draft Law of Ukraine “On the State Budget of Ukraine” and its adoption is made.Indicators that allow characterizing the budget management effectiveness when drawing up, reviewing and approving the state budget are proposed. The proposed calculations are based on the assertion that the efficiency is a component of the management effectiveness. The following are pointed out: index of timely submission of the management object; index of timely fixation of the management object; index of timely acceptance of the management object. Introduction of these indicators allows characterizing the management effectiveness on the tasks fulfillment set for the government concerning the compliance with the budget legislation and the basics of the state budget policy for the next reporting period, approved by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine when drafting the State Budget Law. Using the proposed indexes of the management effectiveness, an integral index of the budget management effectiveness at the first stage of the budget process is calculated. It is argued that in 2004 there was a high efficiency of the budget management at the first stage of the budget process; in 2006, 2012, 2014, 2017 and 2018, the efficiency was average, and in 2010 and 2013, its efficiency was below average. The integral index of the budget management effectiveness at the first stage of the budget process was in the critical efficiency zone in 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2015, and 2016.It is proved that there is an average correlation between the integral index of the budget management effectiveness at the first stage of the budget process and (i) the number of changes made to the draft law; (ii) real GDP growth rate.

Budget expenses as a tool for economic development

Relevance of the research topic. Budget expenditures are significant tool of influence on social and economic processes, and perform reproductive, regulatory, incentive, social function. The issues of improving the budget expenditure planning system is relevant and interrelated with the expansion of the tasks facing financial and budget institutions in the course of their activities. Formulation of the problem. The study essentially budget as a tool for economic development is quite an important issue at the present stage of transformational changes, because the more efficient use of financial resources, redistributed through the budget system depends on the understanding of the nature of this category, and the main factors that determine its development. Analysis of recent research and publications. The issue of budget expenditures in the current economic conditions of the country, their effective creation and distribution, and the impact on social development as well, are presented in the works of local and foreign scientists T. Bogolib, V. Heyets, I. Zapatrina, J. M. Keynes, N. Kornienko, A. Laffer, L. Lisyak, I. Lukyanenko, I. Lunina, I. Lyutyi, A. Mazaraki, R. Masgrayev, V. Makogon, V. Oparin, M. Pasichnyi, A. Smith, J. Stiglitz, V. Fedosov, I. Chugunov, S. Yurii and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. However, given the transformation in the fiscal policy of our country, it is appropriate to increase the quality level of the budget expenditure as a tool for economic development in the financial regulatory system. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpise of the study is to determine the directions of planning budget expenditures as a tool for the economic development of the country. Objectives of the study: to analyze the share of state and local budgets in the structure of the consolidated budget and Ukraine’s GDP, determine the impact of the expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine on the economic development of the country, consider the features of using the program-targeted method as a tool to achieve the established financial priorities of the state. Method or methodology for conducting research. The article uses a set of scientific methods: the system approach, statistical analysis, structuring, analysis and synthesis. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The article identifies the importance of effective planning of budget expenditures as a tool for economic development of the country, substantiates the impact of budget expenditures on socio-economic processes, identifies features of using the program-target method in achieving the established financial priorities of the state. The field of application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the budget expenditure planning process. Conclusions according to the article. Budget expenditures are an effective instrument of financial regulation, have a significant impact on structural transformations in sectors of the economy and the social sphere. It is important to ensure the optimal allocation of a limited amount of budgetary funds in the areas of socio-economic development, to ensure compliance of the budget expenditure structure with certain strategic goals of the country. In the formation of budget targets, it is important to consider the performance of the implementation of state targeted and budget programs for the previous period.

Influence of Transformational Economic Processes on Marketing Management by an International Diversified Conglomerate Enterprise

In this article it is substantiated the necessity of radical changes study in the practice of domestic agricultural enterprises managing, creation of a new functional and organizational structure that will maximally facilitate the marketing strategy of business diversification by the agrarian enterprise of Ukraine. It is analyzed agrarian enterprises efficiency of activity under the conditions of the transformation processes, it is determined that the leaders of the domestic and world markets of agrarian products are agroholdings with a rigid management structure, and their marketing goals are a decisive factor while making choice of markets under the conditions of diversification activities. It is substantiated that the formation of an international diversified company of agrarian business provides equally to participating enterprises the use of common resources, redistribution of resources between structural units operating on one financial result, the possible loss of one enterprise is compensated by the profit of the group as a whole. Reformation of agrarian enterprises of Ukraine process is analyzed; in particular, in the case of farms in the context of international business diversification; it is determined the necessity of creating a new organizational structure of management by the agrarian enterprise. It is grounded the creation of a functional and organizational mechanism for an international diversified conglomerate enterprise activity in order to ensure the stability of its functioning under the conditions of the transformation processes.It is proposed a new structure of functional and organizational management an international diversified conglomerate company on the basis of the developed marketing mechanism of enterprise management under the conditions of international diversification. It is substantiated that in Ukraine, the formation of such new international diversified conglomerate enterprises from small enterprises, by grouping farms (which by their number in Ukraine is most) will provide a positive result from overcoming the grinding of domestic agrarian business, consolidation of the agrarian sector and creating the opportunity to benefit from the budget of Ukraine from international diversified conglomerate business structures. Keywords: transformational economic processes, international marketing, globalization, marketing management, international diversified conglomerate enterprise, business consolidation.