Rational Type Research Articles

The effects of thyme essential oil and enzyme supplementation to corn or wheat based diets on performance, carcass traits and blood metabolites in broilers

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of thyme essential oil and enzyme supplementation to corn/wheat based diets on performance, carcass traits and blood metabolites in broilers. This experiment was carried out with 432 Ross–308 broilers as factorial arrangement with 36 unites (12 birds per each replicate) in a completely randomized design from 1 up to 42 days. Result’s showed that basic ration type and meal type have statistical effects on performance (P<0.05). So that the using of wheat increased feed intake and FCR, and using soybean increased feed intake and weight gain and improved FCR (P<0.05). Meat parameters and blood parameters were not affected by the experimental treatments (P>0.05). Use of enzyme supplement or thyme essential oil in treatments containing wheat is recommended, because it can improve broilers performance parameters.

The Historical Space-Time Continuum as an Anthropological Phenomenon

Introduction. The problem of human being as a subject of the historical space-time continuum is actualized by social transformations and the change of types of rationality. The anthropological nature of space-time determines the interest in reflection on human being as a historical individual. We could note an increased interest in spatial and temporal problems in Russian philosophical thought in the realities of the 20th century. The perception of historical time in its daily eventfulness brings us closer to understanding the fate of society in this period of Russian history that cannot be unambiguously assessed.Methodology and sources. The author relied on the provisions of philosophical anthropology about the human dimension of historical time and space. The initial basis of the research was the provisions of the author's concept of the unity of a human being and the space-time continuum. The anthropological content of historical space-time analytics predetermined the use of systemic, culturological and axiological approaches. The system approach has determined the application of source studies, phenomenological and hermeneutic analysis of the studied phenomena.Results and discussion. The importance of anthropocentrism for understanding historical individuality is substantiated. The author made an attempt to overcome the extremes of the anthropocentric and progressive models of the historical process on the basis of the unity of anthropocentrism, cultural centrism and sociocentrism. History is revealed as the time and space of self-realization of its subjects. The understanding of history is derived from a person's ability to experience and organize events. Also in the article is stated the necessity of incorporation of personal time and private space into the historical process as its constructs. It is shown that the knowledge of history is the result of the identification of I and We.Conclusion. The author reveals the thesis about human being as a historical personality. The anthropological nature of historical space-time determines the meanings, contributes to the ordering of everyday events by the subjects of history, provides an opportunity to determine the vector of cognition of history.

An efficient variable stepsize rational method for stiff, singular and singularly perturbed problems

In this article, a new iterative method of the rational type having fifth-order of accuracy is proposed to solve initial value problems. The method is self-starting, stable, consistent, and convergent, whereas local truncation error analysis has also been discussed. Furthermore, the method has been analyzed with a variable stepsize approach that increases performance while taking fewer steps with acceptable local errors. The method is also tested against some existing fifth-order methods having rational structure. The proposed one outperforms concerning maximum absolute error, final absolute error, average error, and norm, while CPU time computed in seconds is comparable. Furthermore, stiff, singular, and singularly perturbed problems for single and system of differential equations chosen for simulations yielded minor errors when solved with the new rational method.

Short communication: Feed conversion efficiency of male and female Awassi lambs fed on dried olive (Olea europaea) leaves

Aim of study: To estimate the changes in daily feed intake (DFI), daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE; DFI/DWG) of male and female Awassi lambs fed on dried olive leaves for six months growing period. Area of study: Deir-Al-Hajar area, Syria. Materials and methods: Twenty Awassi lambs (10 males and 10 females) were randomly allocated to four equal groups (n=5 animals/group, average weight 23.7 ± 2.4 kg). The control groups were fed 250 g/kg wheat straw and 750 g/kg concentrate mixture. For the two other experimental groups, the total amount of wheat straw was replaced by dried olive leaves, i.e. the rations contained 250 g/kg dried olive leaves, 520 g/kg concentrate mixture and 230 g/kg barley. The rations of control and experimental groups were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Main results: DWG values varied (p<0.05) according to the sex of lambs, reaching 161 g/d for male lambs as compared to 136 g/d for female lambs. Ration type had no effect (p>0.05) on DWG, with a mean value of 148 g/d. FCE value was better in male (7.21) compared to female (9.09) lambs. However, there were no differences (p>0.05) in the FCE values due to the effect of ration type (8.08 on average). Research highlights: Replacement of wheat straw by dried olive leaves in the rations of male and female Awassi lambs had no effect on FCE and could be used as alternative forage for Awassi lambs nutrition.

Lie models of homotopy automorphism monoids and classifying fibrations

Given X a finite nilpotent simplicial set, consider the classifying fibrationsX→BautG⁎(X)→BautG(X)andX→Z→Bautπ⁎(X) where G and π denote, respectively, subgroups of the free and pointed homotopy classes of free and pointed self homotopy equivalences of X which act nilpotently on H⁎(X) and π⁎(X). We give algebraic models, in terms of complete differential graded Lie algebras (cdgl's), of the rational homotopy type of these fibrations. Explicitly, if L is a cdgl model of X, there are connected sub cdgl's DerGL and DerΠL of the Lie algebra of derivations of L such that the geometrical realizations of the sequences of cdgl morphismsL→adDerGL→DerGLטsLandL→LטDerΠL→DerΠL have the rational homotopy type of the above classifying fibrations. Among the consequences we also describe in cdgl terms the Malcev Q-completion of G and π together with the rational homotopy type of the classifying spaces BG and Bπ.

Twistorial cohomotopy implies Green–Schwarz anomaly cancellation

We characterize the integral cohomology and the rational homotopy type of the maximal Borel-equivariantization of the combined Hopf/twistor fibration, and find that subtle relations satisfied by the cohomology generators are just those that govern Hořava–Witten’s proposal for the extension of the Green–Schwarz mechanism from heterotic string theory to heterotic M-theory. We discuss how this squares with the Hypothesis H that the elusive mathematical foundation of M-theory is based on charge quantization in tangentially twisted unstable Cohomotopy theory.

Chudnovsky-Ramanujan type formulae for non-compact arithmetic triangle groups

We develop a uniform method to derive Chudnovsky-Ramanujan type formulae for triangle groups based on a generalization of a method of Chudnovsky and Chudnovsky; in particular, we carry out the method systematically for non-compact arithmetic triangle groups and one non-Fuchsian covering. As a result, we derive all rational Ramanujan type series given by Chan-Cooper for levels 1-4, as well as two additional rational series of a similar form prescribed by Chan-Cooper for these levels, but not found in the paper of Chan-Cooper. These two additional series were first found by Z.-W. Sun in a slightly different form. We also derive additional rational series of a similar form, but not found in the papers of Chan-Cooper nor Z.-W. Sun.As an ingredient in the method, we give an algorithm to rigorously confirm the singular values of normalized Eisenstein series of weight 2 and give examples in higher class number, which may be of independent interest. We also prove some partial completeness results for Clausen type single summation series.

Computational extracting solutions for the perturbed Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation by using improved modified extended analytical approach

In this work, the improved modified extended tanh function method will be applied to study the perturbed Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation (PGI) which describe the dynamics of the soliton in optical fibers. New exact solutions for the PGI equation will be introduced including Weierstrass elliptic, Jacobi elliptic, dark and bright solitons, singular periodic and rational type solutions. Moreover, for the physical illustration of the obtained solutions, 3D and 2D graphs are presented.

Study of the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation with parabolic law nonlinearity by the complete discrimination system for polynomial method

In this paper, we use the complete discrimination system for polynomial method to study the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation with parabolic law nonlinearity. We firstly conduct the qualitative analysis to the equation, and show the existences of the soliton and the periodic solutions by the bifurcation method. In order to verify our results, we adjust concrete parameters to give concrete examples. Besides, we also construct other solutions such as rational type solution and the elliptic function double periodic solutions, which makes our results more integrated. To the best of our knowledge, some of the results in the present paper are initially given.

Vectorial Prabhakar Hardy Type Generalized Fractional Inequalities under Convexity

We present a detailed great variety of Hardy type fractional inequalities under convexity and Lp norm in the setting of generalized Prabhakar and Hilfer fractional calculi of left and right integrals and derivatives. The radial multivariate case of the above over a spherical shell is developed in detail to all directions. Many inequalities are of vectorial splitting rational Lp type or of separating rational Lp type, others involve ratios of functions and of fractional integral operators.

Existe falta de consenso quanto à teoria do consenso? A teoria da ação comunicativa de Habermas contextualizada na administração pública

Abstract Considering the criticisms of Habermas’ communicative action theory, this essay problematized and reflected on another possible criticism: scholars of the theory, despite presenting a common understanding - enlightenment and emancipation of man - do not reach a consensus on what this theory represents compared to other theories and rationality types. The guiding question of the essay is: does the transition proposed by Habermas from other rationality types to the communicative concern an interparadigmatic theory or a paradigmatic leap? Methodologically, we adopted the conception of an essay according to which authors and readers need to recognize that reality can be understood in different ways. The discussion, contextualized in public administration, allowed us to understand that considering the communicative action theory as having an interparadigmatic character does not mean it is a mere gathering of other theories because it surpasses those it dialogues with, additionally presenting a radical shift. We propose that the Communicative action theory comprises a paradigmatic leap with interparadigmatic characteristics. Finally, we present implications of this discussion for Public Administration.

The Theory of Max Weber as a Methodology of Sociological Analysis for Understanding the Foreign Policy of Modern China

Introduction. The multi-vector strengthening of China leads to a lively international expert discussion. This article examines the possibilities of applying the methodology developed by M. Weber to the analysis of modern Chinese foreign policy. Despite the fact that M. Weber's studies were published more than a hundred years ago, his approaches, when correlated with modern realities, do not lose their relevance today.Methodology and sources. The research is based on the methodology proposed by M. Weber and its potential for analysis of the modern foreign policy of the PRC.Results and discussion. The influence of Confucianism on China’s foreign policy increased with the coming to power of Xi Jinping. So, China demonstrates a desire for a legalcharismatic type of domination (according to M. Weber), subordinating its will to other actors of international relations, and as one of the tools to ensure legitimacy to its domination uses the socialist values formulated in 2012. The desire for rationalization (according to M. Weber) is reflected, among other things, in the priority of the technological development of the PRC, the development and implementation of artificial intelligence as its (rationality) pure form in the modern sense.Conclusion. Analysis of the potential of M. Weber's methodology in relation to sociological research peculiarities of the PRC's foreign policy strategy shows that in the implementation of international policy China is inherently gravitating towards legal-charismatic domination (according to M. Weber), endowed with a rational character and possessing three types of rationalization. At the same time core socialist values are one of the tools to ensure the legitimacy of domination.

Coupled fixed point theorems for mappings satisfying rational type conditions in partially ordered metric spaces

We prove coupled coincidence and coupled common fixed point theorems for mapping [Formula: see text] and mixed strict [Formula: see text]- monotone mappings in partially ordered metric spaces satisfying rational type conditions.

Making sense of monkey business: Re-examining tests of animal rationality

This paper re-examines research that studies economic rationality using experimental data generated by nonhuman animals (e.g. rats, pigeons, monkeys, etc.). The standard experimental methodology to elicit choices from nonhuman animals allows a researcher to test three types of economic rationality: standard deterministic utility maximization, average choice rationality, and random utility maximization. Most of the research has evaluated whether animals satisfy average choice rationality. We describe the difference between these models and check each type of rationality on capuchin monkey data from Chen et al.(2006). We reject standard deterministic utility maximization and random utility maximization for most subjects, but we cannot reject average choice rationality. This paper is the first to provide a statistical test for average choice rationality.

On the Estimation of Discrete Choice Models to Capture Irrational Customer Behaviors

The random utility maximization model is by far the most adopted framework to estimate consumer choice behavior. However, behavioral economics has provided strong empirical evidence of irrational choice behaviors, such as halo effects, that are incompatible with this framework. Models belonging to the random utility maximization family may therefore not accurately capture such irrational behavior. Hence, more general choice models, overcoming such limitations, have been proposed. However, the flexibility of such models comes at the price of increased risk of overfitting. As such, estimating such models remains a challenge. In this work, we propose an estimation method for the recently proposed generalized stochastic preference choice model, which subsumes the family of random utility maximization models and is capable of capturing halo effects. In particular, we propose a column-generation method to gradually refine the discrete choice model based on partially ranked preference sequences. Extensive computational experiments indicate that our model, explicitly accounting for irrational preferences, can significantly boost the predictive accuracy on both synthetic and real-world data instances. Summary of Contribution: In this work, we propose an estimation method for the recently proposed generalized stochastic preference choice model, which subsumes the family of random utility maximization models and is capable of capturing halo effects. Specifically, we show how to use partially ranked preferences to efficiently model rational and irrational customer types from transaction data. Our estimation procedure is based on column generation, where relevant customer types are efficiently extracted by expanding a treelike data structure containing the customer behaviors. Furthermore, we propose a new dominance rule among customer types whose effect is to prioritize low orders of interactions among products. An extensive set of experiments assesses the predictive accuracy of the proposed approach by comparing it against rank-based methods with only rational preferences and with more general benchmarks from the literature. Our results show that accounting for irrational preferences can boost predictive accuracy by 12.5% on average when tested on a real-world data set from a large chain of grocery and drug stores.

Forest management assessment of as forest use rational type

The article touches upon the problem of Kuznetsk districtforest management, forestry structure analysis, as well as assessment of the region climatic factors. In conclusion, measures to improve forest management efficiency are proposed. Forests located on the territory of Penza region are of great importance for the economy, being one of the main natural resources. In order to preserve and increase forest resources felled, dead, damaged forests are subject to reproduction, that is, annual reforestation is necessary. Timely reproduction of forests with commercially valuable forest species is one of the most important measures that ensures rational and sustainable forest use, improves the growth and development of plantations, as well as the composition and productivity of future forests. In accordance with Penza region Strategy for the long term (until 2021), approved by Penza region Law (as amended), the following are identified as priority areas for forestry complex development: - ensuring the reproduction (restoration) of forest resources; - ensuring a stable state of ecosystems and specially protected natural areas, improving the breed reduction of illegal logging and forest crime; - creation of capacities for deep processing of wood, increasing wood production profitability; - Carrying out sanitary and health-improving and fire-prevention measures.

Nutritive value of forages and diets in some small-scale dairy farms in Kiambu County, Kenya in the short rains season

Sixteen selected small-scale dairy farms were investigated in Kiambu County (Kenya) during the short rains seasonto develop a snapshot of the types of rations fed, milk yields obtained and sources of fodder. On average farmers had1 ha of land and 2.2 lactating cows yielding 8.93 kg milk/cow/d with feed intake of 10.5 kg DM/d. Only 35% of feedconsumed was produced on farm. Boma Rhodes grass hay and green Napier grass were the main forage components(37.9 and 28.3% of total DM). Protein forages used were the herbaceous legumes lucerne and desmodium (19.9 and15.9% CP, respectively) and leguminous shrubs (Leucaena, Calliandra and Sesbania with 21.1% CP and 43.4%aNDFom, on average). Grasses had higher aNDFom digestibility (47.1%) than legumes (39.7%). Napier grass, BomaRhodes grass, lucerne and desmodium had fiber digestibility of 51.9, 48.6, 46.8 and 32.6%, respectively. The energyand protein balances (actual vs. requirements) of the cows were on average -19.3 and -16.4%, respectively, indicatingthat cows utilized body tissues to produce the levels of milk obtained. Mutiple correspondence analysis showed that amilk yield higher than 9.1 kg/d was associated with a level of Boma Rhodes grass <5 kg DM/d, concentration of nonfibrous carbohydrates in the diet >22.0% (DM basis), concentrate level >2.63 kg/cow/d and CP% in the ration >9.1%. To improve milk yields during this season farmers should harvest grass forage at a younger age, include leguminous forage in the diets and increase the level of concentrates fed. These strategies should be demonstrated on farms to show possible benefits.

Rational type of culture in the era of digitalization. On the question of the culture typology in Max Weber’s concept

The article analyzes the problem of ideal types of culture proposed by Max Weber. The phenomenon of the rational type of culture in the era of digitalization is analyzed. The historical and methodological relevance of Weber's concept of "ideal type" and his idea of the rational foundations of musical art are substantiated. The phenomenon of the digital society and the penetration of digital technologies into the sphere of culture, influencing the formation of a new cultural experience and changing behavioral and cultural preferences are considered. The article highlights the specific features of digital culture, associated with a change in such social parameters as a new perception of time, emergence of other communication forms, emergence of a certain style of people's behavior, and a change in the forms of employment of the population. The question of technical progress and its positive and negative aspects is considered, the manifestations of the socio-cultural crisis and its role in changing cultural norms in society are revealed, the role of rationality ideas in these processes is examined.

New perturbed conformable Boussinesq-like equation: Soliton and other solutions

In recent years, finding exact solutions to nonlinear differential equations has become a fascinating study topic. In the present study, using the modified Kudryashov method and the improved generalized Riccati equation mapping method in the conformable sense, we acquired the exact soliton-type solutions for the new time-fractional perturbed Boussinesq-like equation. This equation has been successfully obtained by the use of asymptotic methods on the defocusing Camassa–Holm nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We obtain the exponential, trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational type solutions comprising dark solitons, kink solitons, bisymmetry solitons, singular solitons, combined complex solitons, and periodic solutions. These solutions are of great importance in various fields of applied sciences, coastal, and ocean engineering. Furthermore, all acquired solutions have been validated by putting them back into the original equation with the help of the Mathematica package software.

Educational rationality and religious education in Polish public schools

ABSTRACT In Poland, a country with a very high level of religiosity, religious education at school is confessional but not compulsory: it is an optional subject chosen by the student. In this article, we explore attitudes regarding participation in religion classes and explanations of the purpose of religious education as provided by adolescent students. We refer to the findings of our research on the rationality of school education and apply them to research on religious education. Rationality is defined as the logic of justifying the purpose of school education and four rationalities: praxeological, emancipatory, hermeneutic, and negational are distinguished. In a large and representative sample of secondary school students (N = 2,810), we examined the relationship between types of rationality and students’ attitudes and opinions towards religious education in school. We observed that high school students perceived religious education as highly conservative and declared the strongest support for more dialogical and liberal religious education. Moreover, students’ hermeneutical rationality was the primary factor associated with their lack of satisfaction with the current religious education and postulates to change it into a more dialogical one.