Types Of Leisure Research Articles

The paths to subjective and eudaimonic well-being: which aspects of leisure matter?

ABSTRACT Despite the increased recognition of leisure’s significance, there remains a general lack of understanding about which aspects or types of leisure contribute to higher levels of subjective and eudaimonic wellbeing. The purpose of this study was to examine how diverse aspects of leisure, such as free time availability, leisure activity participation, and subjective experiences, are associated with both subjective wellbeing (SWB; e.g. positive affect, negative affect, happiness, and life satisfaction) and eudaimonic wellbeing (EWB; ikigai). Ikigai is a Japanese concept that approximates ‘life worth living’, whereupon we explored leisure’s relevance to a non-Western well-being concept. We analyzed online survey data from 674 Japanese university students through hierarchical regressions to investigate the potential influence of leisure-related variables on SWB and EWB. The outcomes revealed that SWB was associated with free time availability, leisure activity participation, and subjective experiences, whereas EWB was primarily linked to leisure activity participation and subjective experiences.

The impact of intergenerational support on social participation patterns of older adults in rural China.

This study aimed to examine the association between different dimensions of bi-directional intergenerational support and the social participation patterns of rural older adults, while also exploring the heterogeneity of these older adults by gender and age. Based on longitudinal survey data from the 'Well-Being of Older People in Anhui Province (WESAP)' in 2018 and 2021, this study used latent class analysis to identify social participation patterns and used multinomial logistic regressions to explore the relationship between intergenerational support and social participation patterns among rural older adults. First, the social participation patterns of rural older persons can be divided into four categories: leisure type (9%), work type (11%), housekeeping type (57.9%) and family labor type (22.1%). Second, there is heterogeneity in the relationship between intergenerational support and social participation patterns in older people, among them, receiving financial support decreased the likelihood of older adults being categorized as work type and family labor type by 14 and 7.7%, respectively, while providing financial support increased the likelihood of older adults belonging to the family labor type by 7.5%; receiving caring support increased the likelihood of older parents being categorized as leisure type by 6%, while providing caring support decreased the likelihood of older parents being categorized as leisure type by 10%; emotional support is related to all patterns of social participation among older adults. Third, the effects of intergenerational support vary across subgroups based on gender and age. Two-way intergenerational support was significantly associated with social participation among rural older adults, and there was significant heterogeneity in this association. Children and older persons should be encouraged to strengthen two-way intergenerational mobility to give full play to the positive impact of different dimensions of intergenerational support on the social participation of older persons in rural areas, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for rural older adults.

대학 평생학습자의 여가 몰입이 학습동기를 매개로 학업 만족도에 미치는 영향 : 여가유형의 조절효과

대학 평생학습자의 여가 몰입이 학습동기를 매개로 학업 만족도에 미치는 영향 : 여가유형의 조절효과

Trash streams as a manifestation of youth subculture

Young people are always looking for an opportunity to express and to find themselves, to their find place in this world, including through subcultures. However, sometimes these subcultures become countercultures, that is, they carry values that contradict the dominant culture of society. Modern youth spends a significant part of their time on the Internet, and trash streams are one of the types of Internet leisure. The purpose of this article is to clarify what such a subcultural phenomenon as trash streams is, how they are evaluated by young people and representatives of the older generation. In the course of the study, four focus groups and two project sessions were conducted with schoolchildren and students, as well as an online survey of 8,942 respondents of various age categories. The vast majority of respondents, regardless of age, believe that it is necessary to prohibit or at least limit the broadcast of trash streams. Nevertheless, there is a fairly significant part of respondents who believe that “people voluntarily participate in trash streams, this is their right, and the ban will only increase demand. The respondents’ opinions also differ when answering the following questions: “Do trash streams have customers?”, “Are trash streams dangerous or not?”. At the same time, the vast majority of respondents do not consider personal participation in trash streams for themselves.

Досуговые сообщества в условиях Специальной военной операции (на примере посткроссинга)

Opinion polls show a high level of support for the Special military operation in Russian society. The main task is we have a rather limited knowledge about the peculiarities of social perception of changes in the everyday world which are the consequences of a Special military operation. The sphere of leisure takes a special place here because western sanctions changed the place and structure of vacation for Russians, restricted access to certain cultural products, sports events, and social networks. This article presents the results of a study of a hobby community of postcrossing - the swap of postcards. The purpose of the study was to determine the specifics of the perception of changes occurring in leisure practice under the influence of the Special military operation. The choice of the postcrossing community as the subject of research is determined by the fact that this type of leisure was originally formed as an international exchange of postcards, which is outside politics. After the start of the Special military operation, this hobby faced a significant restriction of postal communications between Russia and other countries and the politicization of participants in international swaps, which seriously affected leisure practices. The methodology of the study is quantitative and qualitative content analysis of posts and comments of thematic groups of the VK social network. According to the results, the peculiarities of the emotional perception of the changes taking place were established, three main models of leisure activities in new conditions were fixed, as well as the peculiarities of the semantic understanding of hobbies within each of them. The authors are sure that the information obtained on the postcrossing can be extrapolated to a wide range of other leisure social groups, both related to exchange, collecting (philately, philocarty, etc.), and mainly women's leisure groups (scrapbooking, embroidery, etc.). It helps us more adequately understand the specifics of the influence of the Special military operation on the leisure sphere in as a whole.

여가 참여자들의 신체 이해에 따른 삶의 만족 차이 분석 연구 : 여가 유형에 따른 분류

여가 참여자들의 신체 이해에 따른 삶의 만족 차이 분석 연구 : 여가 유형에 따른 분류

Соотношение труда и досуга в условиях цифровых трансформаций

The purpose of the article is to analyze current trends in work and leisure. Digital transformations are taking place today. Forms of employment are changing. The author formulates several trends. For instance, there is a penetration of the elements of labor into the sphere of leisure. The more leisure is connected with digital platforms, the more it looks like digital employment. There is also a reverse process. Elements of leisure penetrate into the work process. There is a gamification of labor. Labor is combined with recreation and communications to extract additional profit. The boundaries of space and time for work and rest are shifting. There is a synchronization of types of work and leisure, both in person and online. The values of leisure outside the system of economic relations are disappearing. A person cannot be involved in a single process. There is another trend. There is "forced" leisure or "forced" unemployment due to the growth of precarity. New professions are needed for a new technological way of life. New forms of people's participation in production processes are needed. Part-time employment and freelancing are increasing. The number of digital platforms is increasing. This gives new opportunities but also a lot of risks, limitations, and challenges. This paper refers to the VTsIOM and Precariat 2022 studies. The author gives excerpts from the statements of the interview participants. In-depth interviews (n = 25) were conducted in the spring of 2023. The study "The ratio of work and leisure in the digital environment" was conducted under the guidance of the author of the article.

(CYBER)SPACES FOR LEISURE

The article defines the specifics of the development of contemporary society as a space of leisure. In particular, the key cyberspaces of leisure are distinguished. It is noted that the development of society since the second half of the 20th century consists precisely in the release of time and the formation of leisure spaces, when a person is devoted to himself, does not solve problems related to survival or social responsibilities. It is noted that a contemporary person spends his free time mainly (having fun) on the Internet. Therefore, the contemporary social world, created by the latest technologies, is a cyberspace of leisure, in which people increasingly produce something, create, engage in certain activities primarily for entertainment. In our opinion, these closely intersecting spaces are defined by the human desire for communication, play, creativity and consumption. In contrast to the philosophical tradition, which was more focused on the so-called positive forms of leisure (self-development, education, creativity), when entertainment was considered only as one of the types of leisure, in our opinion, contemporary cyber spaces of leisure correspond precisely to the entertaining attitude of a person to himself and the world and in the end constitute this attitude as a kind of worldview perspective, form a human of (cyber)leisure. A human of (cyber)leisure demonstrates his desire for: communication as a possibility of self/mutual-(re)presentation, embodied in the search for various forms of community; playful nature of self/mutual-improvement, which presents differences and personal achievements; creative activity that manifests self/mutual-reinvention of personalities, and a focus on the products of activity that can be freely consumed, stimulating the creation of new.

Adventure activities as a means of counteracting stress in students

The most effective anti-stress measure for students of higher educational institutions is the use of organized health-improving physical activity. However, in the conditions of martial law, the opportunity for students to study in the usual mode is limited. Therefore, today the urgent problem is the study and analysis of new, most effective approaches to organizing active leisure. The goal is to generalize the foreign experience of organizing adventure events and evaluate the impact of adventure programs on the stress level of higher education students. Methods – analysis of foreign literature on adventure activities. The results. The best positive experience of organizing students' entertainment activities was studied. It is established that the concept of «adventure activity» concretizes the concept of «active leisure time», emphasizing the greater risk that occurs during its implementation and the need to make more physical and/or mental efforts. It was established that extreme activity has a more pronounced effect on students' perception of stress due to the opportunity to distract from everyday problems, as well as greater emotionality compared to other types of active leisure. Furthermore, it was determined that participation in short-term adventure programs increases students' resistance to stress, reduces the level of its perception and has a long-term positive effect that can last for 2 - 3 years. Conclusions. The expediency of using adventure programs in the practice of physical education and organization of students' active leisure time has been proven as a more effective means of increasing their resistance to stress and reducing its harmful effects. Prospects for further research. Further research will be aimed at developing a short-term adventure program that would ensure stress reduction in Ukrainian higher education students in the conditions of armed conflict in the country.

The link between disability and social participation revisited: Heterogeneity by type of social participation and by socioeconomic status

BackgroundWhile prior literature explores the impact of disability on social participation, the distinct characteristics of diverse social activities could further complicate this relationship. Furthermore, this relationship may exhibit heterogeneity when considering socioeconomic status (SES). ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate whether the relationship between disability and social participation differs depending on the type of social participation, and to what extent this relationship is moderated by SES. MethodsData from seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing were analyzed. Various types of social participation, including socializing, leisure, volunteer, political, and religious activities, were considered. Individual fixed effects models were employed to account for unobserved individual-level heterogeneity. To investigate the potential moderating role of SES, an interaction term between disability and SES was included. ResultsDisability was associated with a decrease in social participation (b = −0.088). When differentiating types of social participation, the associations were negative for socializing and leisure activities (b = −0.092 and b = −0.012, respectively) and positive for volunteer activities (b = 0.012). The negative association between disability and social participation was generally stronger among higher-SES groups than lower-SES groups. Specifically, the negative association with leisure activities was more pronounced among the high-education groups. In contrast, the positive association with volunteer activities was more evident among the low-education group. ConclusionsDisability has a negative association with engagement in socializing and leisure activities and a positive association with engagement in volunteer activities. Policymakers should consider the role of SES in complicating the relationship between disability and social participation.

The influence of leisure patterns on the subjective well-being of the floating population—A social integration perspective

ABSTRACT This paper uses microdata from the 2017 China Time Use Survey (CTUS) to study the impact of leisure patterns on the subjective well-being of the floating population. We find that latent profile analysis (LPA) divides the leisure time allocation patterns of the Chinese floating population into five types: self-entertainment type, family-friendly type, sports fitness type, social-entertainment type and cultural-artistic type. The empirical results show that the sports fitness type and the cultural-artistic leisure type are the most conducive to the improvement of the subjective well-being of the floating population, followed by the social-entertainment type and the family-friendly type, whereas the self-entertainment type does not contribute to the improvement of subjective well-being. The analysis of the mechanism of action shows that social integration is the mediating variable of the leisure patterns promoting the subjective well-being of the floating population. The conclusion has implications for urban managers to better help the floating population in China integrate into the new environment and improve their quality of life.

Exploration of Measures for Women's Football Vitalization Based on Participation in WUFL(Women's University Football Club League)

PURPOSE This study aims to provide policy recommendations for the development of women’s football and the enhancement of the Women’s University Football League (WUFL) by examining participant satisfaction and meaningfulness of football.METHODS To achieve this goal, we distributed survey questionnaires, including 5-point Likert scale and open-ended questions, and subsequently analyzed 153 responses using qualitative data analysis software, N-vivo.RESULTS Our findings reveal that female students actively engaged in the WUFL express high overall satisfaction. Furthermore, participants perceive football as a source of happiness, an energy booster, and a platform for new experiences. Their involvement in football goes beyond typical leisure; it is regarded as a form of serious leisure.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we propose actions such as fostering and elevating amateur women’s competitions, promoting female students’ participation in football, and developing a comprehensive strategy for increasing women’s enjoyment of playing football.

Identifying the Spatial Patterns and Influencing Factors of Leisure and Tourism in Xi’an Based on Point of Interest (POI) Data

Leisure and tourism spaces are shared by both residents and tourists seeking a higher quality of life. Most of the literature focuses only on the study of a particular type of leisure or tourism space in cities and lacks an overall exploration of the distribution patterns of urban leisure and tourism formats. Based on the leisure and tourism point of interest (POI) data of 11 districts in Xi’an, this paper uses geospatial analysis to examine the spatial patterns of leisure and tourism facilities and their influencing factors in Xi’an. It is found in this study that the distributions overall and the various types of leisure and tourism spaces in Xi’an show the characteristics of central urban agglomeration and sparse dispersion in the surrounding urban areas. Different types of leisure and tourism patterns have obvious spatial scale dependence, but there are differences in the scope of spatial selection. In general, the core agglomeration area has limited radiation and driving effects on the peripheral areas, and there is a prominent phenomenon of imbalance in the distribution of leisure and tourism facilities following a single industrial structure. The formation of the spatial patterns of leisure and tourism is the result of a combination of dominant factors, driving factors, safeguarding factors, and other triggering factors. Urban leisure and tourism spaces are intertwined, and the spatial balance and industrial diversification of leisure and tourism can be promoted through scientific spatial planning. This study aims to provide services for urban land planning and policy-making by revealing the spatial distribution principles of leisure and tourism sites in tourist cities as represented by Xi’an.

ASSOCIATION OF LEISURE PARTICIPATION AND SOCIAL SUPPORT OF OLDER PERSONS IN KEDAH

Reaching towards ageing nation in 2030, Malaysia prepares its older persons to be in better conditions with provision of a better long-term care emphasizing health, well-being, and quality of life with one of its components to be engaged in leisure activities. Older persons known to occupy their free time with leisure activities as their daily occupation. However, those activities were restricted while pandemic affecting all population globally. This study identified if the leisure participation still engaged by older persons during the post-pandemic era. A cross-sectional study enrolled 137 older persons living in Kedah via purposive sampling. Leisure Participation Questionnaire was utilized to measure the leisure activities participated by the older persons. Majority of older persons engaged in leisure activity during the post pandemic era with reading (n = 107, 78.1%), watching television (n = 98, 71.5%), cooking or baking (n = 94, 68.6%), chit-chatting (n = 88, 64.2%), and less than half spending time with grandchildren (n = 66, 48.2%). Cognitive, productive and recreational leisure activity are dominant among female while male only dominant at social leisure activity. The productive leisure activity shown a significant association with social supports received from family members rather than friends (p < 0.05). Older persons were highly engaged in indoor-type specifically cognitive activities in comparison with outdoor-type recreational activities as their leisure during the post-pandemic era. This findings as an eye opener for the community to engage and expose in various types of leisure. Besides, professional and carers would be responsible to educate and develop significant intervention strategies for integrating leisure as a means of improving quality of life and well-being to promote healthy aging.

Identifying the Relationships between Types of Leisure Activities and Cognitive Functions in Older Adults

Objectives: We investigated the relationship between types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) activities, intellectually stimulating activities, and community-based activities and the cognitive functions of older adults. Methods: We extracted 3,767 samples from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (N=15,723). We defined cognitive functions as: (1) memory as assessed by both immediate and delayed recall tests, (2) working memory measured by a subtraction-by-7 test, and (3) attention and processing speed assessment through the use of the counting backward test. We used hierarchical regression analysis to assess the relationships between types of leisure and cognitive functions. Results: LTPA, intellectual leisure, and community-based leisure were significantly associated with improved memory function. Intellectual activity was significantly associated with improved working memory, and improved attention and processing speed. Conclusion: These findings provide data-based implications for the design and implementation of various types of leisure activities for older adults by healthcare providers and therapists.

Retirement resources and post-retirement well-being: the mediating effect of sense of coherence and the moderated mediation effect of leisure activity types

This study investigated the mediating effect of sense of coherence on the relationship between retirement resources and post-retirement well-being (i.e., retirement adjustment and retirement satisfaction) and the moderated mediation effect of leisure activity types (i.e., active vs. passive physical activity) on the relationship. An online survey was distributed to Korean baby boomer retirees, born between 1955 and 1963, and 442 participants completed the survey. Structural equation modeling and multigroup analyses were performed to examine the hypothesized model. The results showed that sense of coherence (SOC) mediated the relationship between retirement resources, retirement adjustment, and satisfaction. Additionally, the analyses demonstrated a moderated mediation effect from leisure activity types on this relationship. Specifically, the effect of retirement resources on retirement satisfaction through SOC was higher for Korean baby boomer retirees who participated in active leisure types, such as golfing and climbing. Therefore, considering active leisure types to better cope with the post-retirement lifestyle and increase post-retirement well-being is crucial.

Leisure in the Garden of Forking Paths

Freedom – both to choose our actions, and from obligation – features prominently in western conceptualizations of leisure. As such, freedom is the subject of considerable scholarly dialogue in the leisure studies context. While these discussions provide considerable value, they presuppose an important basic requirement: that free will is possible. This assumption is far from established fact however, and in this essay I examine the implications of leisure’s reliance on the possibility of free will. Specifically I argue that this type of leisure can only exist if we adopt a libertarian view of free will, discuss what this entails, address the consequences of other interpretations of free will, and provide some implications for future work in leisure studies.

Serious Leisure as Human Resource Development Intervention

Leisure and work are often thought of as independent parts of life. While leisure has the potential of contributing to HRD and vice versa, it has received limited attention in HRD. Therefore, in this study, we used an integrative literature review to explore how leisure can contribute to HRD and become an HRD intervention. To search the literature, we used keywords relating to leisure, work, and HRD. One among several leisure types found was serious leisure. Serious leisure requires engagement in the activity with a sense of self-development. The results from serious leisure could include knowledge and skill development, which might not be related directly to short-term work performance improvement. Despite this, it allows for intrinsically sustainable self-development. Such self-development can yield positive results in every element of life, including work. To facilitate serious leisure as an HRD intervention, practitioners and policymakers need to eliminate leisure constraints.

Family Practices In The Construction Of Creative Professionals. A Biographical Perspective

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationships between family configurations and creative occupations. For this purpose, a biographical perspective was taken through the reconstruction of the life histories of sixteen creative professionals in Spain. We have followed two lines of approach, namely Florida’s classification of occupations (2002), which distinguishes between a creative class and a super-creative core, and Lahire’s conception of family configuration (1995). The main results reveal the importance of practices that are carried out on a daily basis by the family network (both internally and externally): reading and writing, cultural consumption (theatre, music, exhibitions, etc.), types of leisure (travelling) and forms of authority that lead the way to self-control and domestic family order. We have shown with this study the importance of the transmission of family culture in the construction of people who have creative occupations and the relationship that exists between the family educational capital and the educational level attained by the offspring.

Integrative review: Vacations and subjective well-being

Leisure engagement plays a key role in individuals’ well-being. While the majority of research focuses on the health and wellness benefits of everyday leisure participation, in recent years, vacation-taking, as an extraordinary leisure type, attracts scholarly interest from various disciplines to investigate how it contributes to individuals’ subjective well-being. Nevertheless, there is still no cohesive understanding of this relationship. In this integrative review, we reviewed 125 articles on this topic, paid particular attention to understanding the different ways and conditions under which people can benefit from vacation-taking, and we highlighted the potential pathways (i.e., how and why) through which leisure vacation can increase well-being. Meanwhile, we offer a future research agenda including cross-level investigations of vacationers’ well-being, integrating the influences from individual, professional, and social forces.