Types Of Compost Research Articles

The Impact of Using Different Types of Compost on the Growth and Yield of Corn

The cultivation of corn holds immense importance as a foundational global grain crop, catering to human sustenance and serving as vital animal feed. Moreover, corn plays a substantial role in biofuel production. Additionally, cultivating corn can have a positive effect on crop rotation by improving soil quality and reducing erosion. In a pot trial using six distinct compost variations derived from different organic wastes as fertilizers for GS210 corn, specific indices, such as Fv/Fm (0.80, 0.80, 0.81), Fv/F0 (4.07, 3.99, 4.03), PI (4.62, 4.22, 5.21), and RC/ABS (1.71, 1.68, 2.01), exhibited the highest values. Interestingly, mineral fertilization with NPK displayed significant benefits on various growth parameters like plant height (188.9 cm), cob length (17.50 cm), grains per cob (324.0), and thousand-grain weight (MTZ) (285.2). The difference in the cob grain count between NPK mineral fertilization and the control reached 168.5 grains, which was statistically confirmed. Furthermore, the grain’s protein content notably increased with mineral fertilization (9.5) compared to the control (8.5). While organic fertilizers showed lower outcomes (9.1–9.3) than NPK mineral fertilization, they generally outperformed the control (8.5). This prompts the need for future studies to assess the effectiveness of individual organic fertilizers in combination with mineral nitrogen fertilization.

Utilization of short-term high temperature pretreatment for food waste composting: Effects of end-products on soil properties and plant growth

Short-term high-temperature pretreatment helps accelerate the composting process and improve compost product quality. The aim of this research was to clarify the role of high-temperature pretreatment compost (PHC) on soil and plant growth. We conducted an experiment in which PHC, traditional compost (PTC), and high-temperature pretreatment food waste (PFW) were used as organic amendments (OA). Each type of compost was mixed into purple soil at mass ratios of 3, 5, 10, and 20% to establish a soil-compost mixture; they were then used in pot experiments with Lolium perenne L. Plant growth-promoting effects were stronger in the three experimental groups with 10% OA than in groups with other mixing ratios (p < 0.05). Plant growth-promoting effects were strongest in the experimental group with 10% PHC, and Lolium perenne L. biomass, the chlorophyll content, and plant height were 1.1–1.3 times higher in this group than in the PTC and PFW groups. Soil physicochemical analyses revealed that OA at various mixing ratios could enhance soil nutrient levels, the humification degree, and enzyme activity, and the strength of the positive effects increased with the mixing ratio. The most pronounced soil amendment effects were observed in the PHC group at all mixing ratios (p < 0.05). Microbial analysis revealed that both the microbial diversity and relative abundances of unclassified_f_Rhizobiaceae and Terrimonas were significantly higher in the 10% PHC group than in the 10% PTC and PFW groups (p < 0.01). Correlation analyses indicated that urease, peroxidase, and sucrase activities were positively correlated with plant growth indexes. The correlation coefficients of unclassified_f_Rhizobiaceae with urease and Terrimonas with peroxidase and sucrase were 0.997, 0.878, and 0.863, respectively. PHC can promote plant growth by altering the dominant microbial communities and enzyme activity in the soil. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of high-temperature pretreated compost products.

Composts of diverse green wastes improve the soil biological quality, but do not alleviate drought impact on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) growth

AbstractIntense soil cultivation and climate change have detrimental effects on soils. Solutions are needed to improve the biological quality and water holding capacity of agricultural soils. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive effect of compost application and drought stress on a soil/plant system in order to determine the improvement of soil quality and plant growth and the alleviation of drought stress. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was grown under greenhouse conditions in a sandy soil with sufficient mineral fertilizer application to test the effect of five compost types (three made from municipal garden and park wastes with differing nutrient contents, one from municipal household waste, and one from farm plant residues) applied at 30 Mg ha−1 dry weight, with which we compared soil quality and plant growth to soil without compost application. Treatment pots were irrigated or subjected to drought conditions during the last 14 days of lettuce growth. Assays of potential N mineralization during 28 days, dehydrogenase and β‐glucosidase activities, and a phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis were performed to assess effects on soil biological quality. Gas exchange, leaf relative water content, biomass, nitrogen accumulation, and root tip growth of lettuce were measured to investigate compost and drought stress effects on lettuce physiology. All composts improved indices of soil biological quality significantly, except for fungal abundance, relative to soil without compost. The greatest increase was obtained from farm compost, which significantly increased potential nitrogen (N) mineralization and soil enzyme activities of β‐glucosidase and dehydrogenase by factors of 4, 2, and 43, respectively. Furthermore, soil with farm compost generally showed a higher abundance of soil microbial organisms compared with soil without compost, which could be related to its high cellulose and hemicellulose contents. The lowest abundance of microbial organisms was generally found in soil with garden and park waste compost with a medium nutrient content, which could be related to its low organic matter content. The beneficial effect of compost on soil biological quality did not lead to improved lettuce growth, which suggests that soil biological quality (ameliorated by compost application) is not important for a fast‐growing crop, such as lettuce, that is sufficiently fertilized. Drought stress reduced aboveground lettuce biomass, root tip growth, and the abundance of most soil microbial groups significantly, but compost in soil did not alleviate these negative effects. In conclusion, the farm compost made from grass–clover, straw, and vegetable residues is superior to garden and park waste and household waste composts in terms of beneficial effects on soil biological quality. Compost clearly improved soil biological quality, but did not influence lettuce's response to drought stress. The knowledge gained in this study is useful for producing tailor‐made compost with desired effects of improved soil biological quality.

Phosphorus recycling and loss from compost‐amended urban gardens: Results from a 7‐year study

AbstractUrban vegetable gardens provide an opportunity to recycle nutrients from food waste back into the human food system through the application of compost. However, a reliance on compost for soil fertility can lead to excess phosphorus (P) inputs that can build up in garden soil and potentially be exported via leachate or runoff. We report the results of a 7‐year experiment in a campus research garden in which replicated raised‐bed garden plots received manure‐based compost or municipal compost that was applied at a higher rate targeted to meet crop nitrogen demand or a lower rate targeted to meet crop P demand. Control plots received either no soil inputs or targeted synthetic fertilizer. Higher input treatments for both types of composts showed steadily increasing concentrations of soil plant‐available P, with a corresponding increase in leachate phosphate concentration. For both higher input compost treatments, approximately 30% of P added as compost was recovered in harvested crops over the 7‐year period, compared to &gt;88% in the lower input compost treatments. In both high‐ and low‐input manure compost treatments, export of P as leachate accounted for approximately 10% of total P input, compared to 4% for the municipal compost. Over the 7‐year study period, P exported as leachate ranged from 0.8 g P/m2 in the no‐input treatments to 6.5 g P/m2 in the higher input manure compost treatments. These results show that tradeoffs are not inevitable as targeted compost applications can lead to high yield and low leachate export.

Application of Various Organic Materials and Urea on Soybean Growth and Production in Nickel Contaminated Soil

The research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of Hasanuddin University (UNHAS) located in Baraya, Makassar, South Sulawesi from March to June 2022. This research was in the form of experiments conducted in soybean plant pots. The media used was soil obtained from post-nickel mining in Sorowako, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. Research in the field is arranged according to a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 3 replications. The treatment design used a 2-factor factorial design. The first factor is the type of Organic Material or Compost (K) consisting of 4 levels, namely; K0 (without organic matter), K1 (Kirinyuh compost), K2 (gamal compost) and K3 (rice husk compost) and the second factor is Urea (U) fertilization treatment consisting of 4 levels, namely; U0 (without Urea fertilizer), U1 (100 kg ha–1 Urea), U2 (200 kg ha–1 Urea), U3 (300 kg ha–1 Urea). The number of pots used was 4 units per treatment so there were 192 units of observation. The two factors tested resulted in 16 treatment combinations. The results showed that gamal compost (Gliricidia sepium) gave the best effect in increasing plant height, number of soybean leaves and weight of 100 soybean seeds. The results showed that urea dose of 100 kg ha–1 gave the best effect in increasing plant height and number of soybean leaves. The results showed that there was no interaction between the administration of the type of organic matter and the dose of urea

Physicochemical Analysis of Different Types of Compost

Municipal solid waste has significantly increased due to the increase in population, expanding urbanization and insufficient waste management systems. Waste management has become a big challenge since it is causing a major threat to environment. Composting is one of the most efficient ways of converting the biodegradable solid waste into organic fertilizer. The main objective of this study is to convert different samples of wet waste such as kitchen waste, flower waste and garden waste into compost and check their maturity and stability by evaluating the physical and chemical parameters. The co-relation between some of the parameters was also studied. The results were in agreement with the standard values which indicates that this method can be promoted as a viable waste management method.

Effects of soil amendment from herbal and eucalyptus industrial waste on methane emission and rice yield

&lt;p&gt;The use of chemical fertilizer in rice fields contributes to increased global warming via enhanced emission of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere. Therefore, composting has been proposed to reduce methane emissions in the agricultural field. This study aimed to determine the CH4 emission and rice yield affected by compost from three different types of compost: herbal compost, eucalyptus compost, and manure compost. This randomized block design study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020. There were 8 fertilizer treatments applied to the rice fields, namely: herbal compost 10 tons/ha. (O1), eucalyptus compost 10 tons/ha (O2), manure compost 10 tons/ha (O3), no compost no chemical fertilizer (as a control) (O4), herbal compost 5 tons/ha + chemical fertilizer/CF (C1), eucalyptus compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C2), manure compost 5 tons/ha + CF (C3), and only chemical fertilizer (C4), then all treatments replicated three times. For the chemical fertilizer (CF) the dose is 166 kg/ha urea + 166 kg/ha ZA + 330 kg/ha TSP. The result indicated that the compost manure 10 tons/ha (O3) and the combination compost manure 5 tons/ha + CF (C3) produced the highest rice yields (6.89 -6.94 tons/ha) but impacted the highest methane emissions (505.3 – 544.6 Kg.CH4 /ha/season). The important finding showed that among all the treatments, a combination of compost eucalyptus 5 tons/ha + CF (C2) and compost eucalyptus 10 tons/ha (O2) mitigated methane emission to the lowest level (296.6 -305.2 Kg.CH4/ha/season) and gave high rice yields (6.77-6.78 tons/ha) that were not significantly different from those of compost manure (O3 and C3). In addition, the combination of compost herbal 5 tons/ha and chemical fertilizer (C1) affected the lower methane emissions than manure compost and gave a high level of grain yield that was not significantly different from those of manure compost (O3 and C3) and eucalyptus compost (O2 and C2). &lt;/p&gt;

The Effect of Compost Type, Application Rate, and Maturity on Nutrient Leaching and Soil Nutrient Levels

ABSTRACT The application of compost to agricultural soils can increase nutrient leaching, causing several environmental problems. Conversely, proper management of compost application can reduce environmental risks. Agronomical trials were conducted in greenhouses in Morocco to compare the effects of varying compost application rates, types, and maturity, as well as the number of growing days, on nutrient availability and nitrate leaching in a loamy sandy soil. Additionally, the study examined the impacts of these factors on soil physical and chemical characteristics. The compost used in this study was derived from a combination of two cost-effective materials, municipal waste, and poultry manure. Tomato plants were cultivated in pots amended with compost over a period of 65 days. The soils were treated with eight composts (plus a control) obtained from municipal solid waste (MSW) mixed with poultry manure (PM) at two ratios, 3:2 and 2:3 weight weight−1 (ww−1) (C1 and C2, respectively), used at two different ages (105 days and 173 days) and at two doses (32.5 g pot−1 and 65 g pot−1, equivalent to 40 Mg ha−1 and 80 Mg ha−1). Two simulated leaching events (the first after planting and the second at harvest) were performed. The concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) in leachate varied with the number of growing days and increased in the leachate of the non-amended soil after planting. At both sampling times, compost C1, aged 173 days (d), significantly decreased COD in the leachate compared to compost C1 aged 105 d. Compost increased nitrate leaching compared with the non-amended soil. Nitrogen leaching was primarily in the form of nitrate, ranging from 61% to 78% over the whole experimental period. Compost also decreased leachate concentrations of iron (Fe) and chromium (Cr), for other metals, such as cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), values were very low. Moreover, compost increased total organic carbon by up to twofold at both sampling times, with the most substantial increase observed with a dose of 65 g pot−1 of compost C2 (aged 105 days). Most compost treatments also increased available phosphorus (P), inorganic nitrogen (N), total nitrogen (TNK), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electrical conductivity (EC) at both sampling times but had no effect on pH. The metal content in the soil exhibited a decrease compared to the control soil. Overall, our study suggests that nitrogen leaching can be reduced by optimizing compost rates, properties, and stability to synchronize with crop needs.

Amended Crop Wastes Compost Affect Soil Chemical Properties and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Nigeria Savanna

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of poultry droppings amended cocoa pod husk and rice mill wastes, as a substitute for costly inorganic fertilizers on some soil properties and yield of maize.&#x0D; Study Design: Experiment was laid in randomized complete block design.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Two year field study was conducted at the Research Farm of the Cross River University of Technology during 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons.&#x0D; Methodology: Two compost types: cocoa pod husk and rice mill wastes both amended with poultry droppings at the ratio of 3:1 for cocoa pod husk + poultry droppings and rice mill waste + poultry droppings respectively. Each compost type was applied at rate of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 t ha-1 with absolute control (0 t ha-1 compost) and optimal control NPK 20.10.10 at 300 kg ha-1 making a total of 10 treatments replicated three times. The effect of the amendments were assessed on soil pH, OM, N, P, exch. Ca, K, Mg, EA, ECEC and maize yield.&#x0D; Results: The compost rates increased soil pH, OM, N, P and the exch. K, Ca, EA, and ECEC over the pre-treatment soils and the controls. Cocoa pod compost amendments with poultry droppings at rate of 7.5 t ha-1 produced highest plant dry matter 8.21gplant-1 and 8.08 gplant-1 in 2019 and 2020 (P = .05) respectively and the highest grain yield of 3.92 t ha-1 and 3.89 t ha-1 respectively in 2019 and 2020. The least grain yield was in the absolute control, which yield was 0.38t ha‑1 and 0.42 t ha-1, respectively in 2019 and 2020.&#x0D; Conclusion: Amended cocoa pod husk compost is a suitable soil amendment for optimum yield of maize and improvement of soil chemical properties in the study area and a substitute for mineral fertilizers for resource poor farmers.

Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis dan Dosis Kompos terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Pisang Barangan pada Tahap Aklimatisasi di Lapangan (Transplanting II)

This research aimed to investigate the type and dosage of growing media for Barangan banana seedlings during acclimatization in the field (transplanting II). The study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jambi. The trial used a randomized block design with two factors, namely types and doses of compost. The types of compost used were banana pseudostem compost, chicken manure compost, and golden snail compost (kosarmas). While the doses used consisted of 0 mg per kg of planting media, 5 g per kg of planting media, 10 g per kg of planting media, and 15 g per kg of planting media. Each treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that various types and doses of compost did not show significant interactions. Different types and doses of compost media provide good growth of Barangan banana seedlings so that at the age of two months they can be transplanted to the field.The seedlings planted in media with chicken manure compost at a dose of 10 g per kg of planting media tend to showbetter growth performance than other media.

Impacts of plant growth-promoting bacteria, compost and biodynamic compost preparations for alleviating the harmful effects of salinity on essential oil characteristics of lavender

BackgroundBiodynamic agriculture and the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) have been demonstrated to offer various benefits for achieving agricultural sustainability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PGPBs Azotobacter and Azospirillum, compost, and compost with biodynamic preparations (BD) on the essential oil (EO) characteristics of lavender under salinity stress.Research methodsThe experiment was carried out in a greenhouse for 2 years and involved three factors: four PGPBs, three types of compost, and three levels of salinity stress.ResultsThe results indicated that the essential oil (EO) characteristics increased with 50 mM NaCl but decreased with 100 mM NaCl. Salt stress reduced the cell membrane stability (CMS) and auxin content, while increasing proline contents. However, the application of PGPBs, compost, and compost with biodynamic preparations had an opposite effect on CMS, auxin, and proline parameters compared to salt stress. Based on the results, the treatment that combined compost + BD with Azotobacter was found to be the most effective in enhancing the EO characteristics under both mild and severe salinity stress conditions.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that compost, biodynamic compost preparations, and PGPBs could be useful in enhancing the EO in medicinal plants and alleviating the adverse effects of salt stress on plants.Graphical

Farmer’s Awareness Level on Organic Agriculture in Varanasi District of Uttar Pradesh, India

The present study was conducted in four blocks of Varanasi district (Uttar Pradesh). A total 332 respondents from 63 villages were selected by the researcher. The objective of the study was to know the awareness level of respondents towards the organic fertilizers, organic farming, sources of information regarding awareness, and duration of practicing organic agriculture. It was found that around 43.97 percent of the respondents were aware of the organic farming in the study area. However only four types of organic fertilizers Organic Manure, Vermicompost, City compost, and PROM, known to the respondent out of 10 fertilizers recommended under FCO 1985, amended in July 2021. Most of the respondents practiced organic farming within the last 6 to 8 years, concurrent with the government policies emphasizing organic farming. The most important source of information regarding awareness towards organic farming was Krishi Vigyan Kendra and NGOs in the study area.

The Taxonomic Composition Changes of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Residue Composts Induced by Biochar and Calcium Carbonate Application

Plant residues are the main source of humus and some nutrients in soils. The composting of organic waste using modifiers is a promising way to obtain high-quality organic fertilizers. Here, the effect of biochar and calcium carbonate on the abundance and taxonomic composition of bacteria and fungi in mature plant compost has been studied using metagenomic analysis. Plant materials with different initial C:N ratios—low (22, clover), medium (38, rye) and high (68, oats)—served as composting materials in the pot experiment. The plant material mixed with sterile sand was modified by the addition of biochar or calcium carbonate. Both ameliorants increased pH values and humic acid content in composts irrespective of plant material composition. Representatives of the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes dominated among bacteria and representatives of the division Ascomycota dominated among fungi in the mature composts, as in the initial plant samples. The abundances of bacteria and fungi in the cereal composts were higher than in the composts with clover. The effect of biochar and calcium carbonate on the number and taxonomic composition of bacteria and fungi in composts from the same plant material was similar, while the effect of reagents in composts from different raw materials was ambiguous. No one dominant group of bacteria was found to develop in response to biochar or calcium carbonate application in any of the types of composts studied. However, the structure of the fungal community both at the phylum and genus levels changed significantly under the influence of these additives. The addition of calcium carbonate and biochar led to an increase in the abundance of the same groups of fungi, but this increase was different for composts made from different plant materials.

Compost promotes biocrust and plant growth in greenhouse cocultures for dryland restoration

Biocrusts and plants are the main ground cover and provide multiple ecosystem functions in arid and semiarid areas. As land degradation worsens and waste management is ever more pressing, the use of composted waste appears as a sustainable restoration practice to enhance vegetation reestablishment, but its effects on biocrusts still remain largely understudied. Moreover, developing appropriate methods for the co‐introduction of plants and biocrusts can be an emerging approach to reconstruct the biocrust/plant interaction and their associated functions. We evaluated the effect of different compost types on biocrust and plant cocultivations. We performed a greenhouse mesocosm experiment using urban organic solid waste and sewage sludge composts to grow a moss‐dominated biocrust and seedlings of two pioneer shrubs (Senecio filaginoides and Acaena splendens) in the Patagonian steppe. Both compost types successfully enhanced biocrust cover and chlorophyll a development, with cultured biocrusts being compositionally similar to the natural inoculum. Only the addition of composted sewage sludge enhanced seedling growth, and biocrusts had significant but opposite effects (positive/negative) on the two plant species we used for experimentation. This difference in the biocrust/plant interaction outcome was likely mediated by the significant influence of biocrusts on the relative availability of ammonium and nitrate and possible plant species‐specific preferences for different inorganic nitrogen forms. We conclude that the application of sewage sludge compost effectively improves the success of biocrust and plant cocultures, but species‐specific differences in the performance of seedlings growing in biocrusted soils impose limits on attempts to promote biocrust and plant joint restoration.

Effects of Different Biochar and Effective Microorganism Agent Improvement Approaches on the Nutrient Release Characteristics and Potential of Compost

The nutrient release characteristics of four types of composts, pure municipal sewage sludge compost, corn straw biochar (CSB) improved compost, effective microorganism agent (EM) improved compost, and CSB+EM improved compost, in coastal wetland soil were examined through a soil incubation experiment. The effects of different composts on the spectral characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbial community were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the compost additions could significantly reduce soil pH, while increasing soil electrical conductivity and contents of plant available nutrients (e.g., dissolved organic carbon, NH4+-N, NO3--N, available phosphorus, and available potassium). By comparing the nutrient release potential among the improved composts, the CSB+EM-improved compost (CSB+EM-C) evidently had the highest nutrient release potential. Furthermore, the DOM in CSB+EM-C amended soil exhibited a higher humification degree than that of the other composts. The high-throughput sequencing results indicated that the compost additions increased the relative abundances of dominant bacteria at the phylum level, such as the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. CSB+EM-C exhibited a greater potential to improve the relative abundance of these dominant bacteria phyla than other improved composts. Overall, among all the improvement approaches, the combined use of CSB and EM agent was the optimal composting strategy owing to its highest potentials of nutrient supply and soil quality improvement. The present findings can provide a solid scientific theoretical basis for establishing an effective technology strategy involving the combination of municipal sewage sludge utilization and degraded coastal wetland soil remediation.

Influence of compost type, nitrogen fertilizer level and micronutrients on growth, productivity and quality of sugar beet cultivated in sandy soil

Influence of compost type, nitrogen fertilizer level and micronutrients on growth, productivity and quality of sugar beet cultivated in sandy soil

Enhancing soil and pakcoy (Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis) nutrient content: investigating the effects of chicken manure compost and bioactivator combinations on various doses

Chicken manure compost serves as a valuable source of organic fertilizer. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different combinations of chicken manure compost and bioactivators on soil and plant nutrient content. Additionally, it sought to examine the relationship between fertilizer dosage and soil and plant nutrient levels, as well as determine the optimal treatment combination of chicken manure compost and bioactivator variations at different doses. In this study, the plant used was pakcoy. The study utilized a randomized group design with two factors. The first factor involved different compost types: A1 (chicken manure compost), A2 (chicken manure compost + N21 bioactivator), and A3 (chicken manure compost + local microorganism (MOL) solutions from banana weevil). The second factor encompassed varying doses of organic fertilizer, 5, 10, 15, and 20 tons ha-1, respectively for D1-D4. The findings revealed that composting chicken manure with different bioactivators and doses led to increased soil nutrient levels and noticeable effects on plant nutrient content. However, no interaction was observed among the combined treatments. The treatment combination of chicken manure compost and MOL solutions from banana weevil yielded the highest average plant nutrient content. Applying chicken manure compost with different bioactivators and doses influenced soil nutrient levels.

Effect of three types of compost on agromorphological parameters of field-grown sesame

Effect of three types of compost on agromorphological parameters of field-grown sesame

Water seepage rate in composted soil

Water infiltration is one important factor for plant growth. Water that cannot seep into the pores of the soil creates a pool of water so that soil permeability is low. From these conditions, it is necessary to conduct research to determine the rate of water seepage in the soil. This study aims to analyze. the rate of water seepage on the ground by utilizing the difference in floating voltage. Based on the difference in floating voltage, two-dimensional modeling of the stress distribution and the distribution of water infiltrate time into the ground using the method of adding water repeatedly. The sample in this study consisted of 2 types of soil, compost and sand. Land with high permeability can increase the rate of infiltration thereby reducing the rate of water. The results of this study concluded that the pore size and particle arrangement greatly affect the rate of water seepage.

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Application and Compost Fertilizer on the Growth and Production of Maize Plants (Zea Mays L.) on Yellow Red Podzolic Soil

The production of corn plants grown on yellow red Podsolik soil is still low due to low soil fertility. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of compost type and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi application and their interaction on the growth and production of corn plants in yellow red podsolik soil. The study was a factorial experiment consisting of two factors, namely compost enriched with Trichoderma sp, EM4 compost and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal treatment in the form of factorials in a Randomized Group Design. The first factor is the application of compost and the second factor is the application of mycorrhiza, each of which consists of three levels. The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of compost fertilizer and without Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in corn plants only gave a real effect on plant height and 90% mycorrhizal infection, and the single factor of compost gave a real effect on the number of leaves 10.39 strands, stem diameter 0.66 cm, fruit weight without colobot 88.92 grams, biomass 122.00 grams and root weight 45.00 grams. The application of compost enriched with EM4 without the application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi gave the best results for plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, fruit weight without kolobot, root weight, biomass and root infection. While the compost treatment enriched with Trichoderma sp without the application of Arbuscular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza gave the best results for corn fruit weight.