Wire Type Research Articles

Mathematical model of the thermal mode of overhead power lines considering temperature variations along the line length

A mathematical model representing the temperature mode of an overhead power line wire and taking into account the axial heat transfer was developed. Processes in overhead power lines were analyzed using analytical and numerical methods for solving differential equations, including the finite difference method. The equation of thermal conductivity for AS-240/32 and SIP-2 3х95+1х95 wires was solved for the case of current variations along the line length. An analytical solution to the equation of thermal conductivity was proposed for the steady-state operation of an overhead wire under the same current in all sections of the line, taking into account the temperature dependence of active resistance. The results obtained by the analytical method agree well with those obtained by the method of finite differences. The boundary conditions at the beginning and at the end of the line were established to affect the line temperature only within a few meters. At the same time, despite the slight increase in the degree of this effect at an increase in the current due to the temperature dependence of heat emission, it remains small up to emergency level currents. Therefore, the calculations of the line thermal mode require no high accuracy in setting boundary conditions. A line with a uniformly distributed load demonstrates differing results at large current variations along the wire length. Thus, the absolute error of the analytical solution (compared to the finite difference method) for the maximum temperature equals 77.9°C, while the relative error for losses equals 10%. The same errors in temperature calculations for an infinitely long wire in terms of the length function comprise 2.5°C and 0.1%, respectively. Therefore, despite the high thermal conductivity of a metal, a model with a zero thermal conductivity along the wire axis gives more accurate results as compared to a model with an infinitely high thermal conductivity. The obtained results are applicable when clarifying the total loss of active power, as well as for estimating the line capacity according to the maximum permissible temperature, which depends on the type of wires and comprises 70 and 90°C for uninsulated steel-aluminum and self-supporting insulated wires, respectively.

Assessment of impact of fluoride on mechanical properties of NiTi and Cu NiTi orthodontic archwires

Background: The current study was carried out to assess the impact on the mechanical properties of orthodontic wires such as the NiTi and CuNiTi wires by fluoride available in various prophylactic products. Materials & methods: 80 wire specimens were selected and were divided into two study groups with 20 specimens in each group as follows”: Group A: 0.019 x 0.025 inch NiTi archwires (NT3, American Orthodontics,USA), Group B: 0.019 x 0.025 inch CuNiTi archwires (Tritanium, American Orthodontics,USA). Following fluoride agent was taken as standard for the present study: Phos-Flur gel (Colgate oral pharmaceuticals, New York, USA). From the straight part of the archwire enrolled in the present study, wire specimens of dimensions 0.40 X 0.60 X 20 mm were cut. Control group: 40 specimens consisting of 20 specimens from each wire type; Solution used was deionized water, and Study group: 40 specimens consisting of 20 specimens from each wire group, placed in the Phos-Flur gel. Random selection of the wires was done followed by testing under universal force testing machine. Results: Among the study groups subjects, mean loading force among group A and group B specimens was 596.1 MPa and 368.4 MPa respectively.

Effect of Frame and Fixation Factors on the Incidence of Pin Site Infections in Circular External Fixation of the Tibia

Introduction: Pin site infections (PSIs) are frequent complications encountered with the use of circular external fixators. PSIs range in severity, and the numerous factors have been suggested to affect the incidence. We aim to perform a systematic review of all comparative studies including circular external fixation applied to the tibia diaphysis in adult patients and to explore frame and fixation factors that may be associated with the development of PSI. Materials and Methods: We conduct a systematic review of the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to assess the available data with the specific focus on frame factors that might contribute to the development of PSI. A literature search of major electronic databases was conducted to identify journal articles. A scoping review process was adopted due to the expected broad variation of studies in our research topic using the PRISMA for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Results: The initial electronic database search produced 360 publications. After a review process, only four publications were retained for final analysis. Type of fixation pins and wires, frame fixation configurations, and reconstructive methods were compared in these studies. There are very few clinical studies comparing the different frame and fixation factors that can influence PSI rates in circular external fixation. The available studies reflect a significant degree of bias and confounding, representing a low level of evidence. Conclusion: Further research is needed, and with the present paucity of data, it is not possible to make any firm recommendations. Within the same frame construct, it appears that tensioned wires may carry a lower risk of PSI than half-pins.

Relapse and inadvertent tooth movement post orthodontic treatment in individuals with fixed retainers: A review.

Orthodontists must fully inform patients about the implications of orthodontic treatment and the subsequent need for retention. This review provides an update on relapse, unwanted movements and different factors that can cause loss of stability following orthodontic treatment. Since it is difficult to predict which patients will present some degree of loss of stability after treatment, it is important that they be treated as if they have a high potential for relapse. The present review included a bibliographic search in the main sources of scientific review including Medline via PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane library. The search strategy was carried out until May 5, 2022. Only 34 studies fulfilling the selection criteria. Our results showed that maintaining teeth in the correct position following orthodontic treatment is a great challenge for orthodontists. The etiology of relapse is complex and not yet clearly established. Its origin is attributed to factors such as the time of gingival and periodontal tissue reorganization and changes produced by growth, compromising the stability of the results achieved with orthodontic treatment. The retention phase is necessary after orthodontic treatment to avoid relapse or loss of the occlusion results obtained. However, fixed retainers may induce unwanted tooth movement that may occur despite these retainers being attached and intact. There is currently no consensus among orthodontists regarding the ideal type of wire for fixed containment. We concluded that post-orthodontic treatment relapse is the result of a regression towards the original malocclusion. However, changes in the position of the teeth can also occur, which are considered as unwanted movements and have a multifactorial origin.

Analysis of Coating Loss from Coated Stainless Steel Orthodontic Wire

The leaching of metal ions from orthodontic appliances into the oral cavity is problematic for metal-allergic patients. Non-metal orthodontic appliances, such as plastic and ceramic brackets and elastomeric materials, have been clinically used and are effective for treatment of metal-allergic patients. However, only a few types of orthodontic wire are available for use in patients with metal allergies, thus restricting the establishment of orthodontic force systems in these patients. Wire surfaces can be coated with various substances to prevent leaching of metal ions. However, detachment of the coating may occur during orthodontic procedures, resulting in metal ion leaching from the substrate material. This study was performed to examine the resilience of various types of coated stainless steel wire to low pH, bending, and brushing. Wire surface characteristics were examined by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The degree of coating detachment due to bending of the wire was quantified by determining the change in the amount of metal ions eluted from the site of the bend immersed in hydrochloric acid. Exposure of the substrate metal by brushing was investigated by energy dispersive spectrometry. The results indicated that polyethylene naphthalate (PEN)-coated wire is resilient to bending, while gold (Au)-coated and titanium nitride (TiN)-coated wires are resilient to brushing.

Impact of different types of input wire on defect-tolerance of QCA majority voter

Impact of different types of input wire on defect-tolerance of QCA majority voter

Relation between constituent material fraction in multifilamentary MgB2 wires and requirements for MRI magnets

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) occupies the largest segment of the commercial applications of superconductivity. The NbTi wire is typically applied to MRI magnets and fulfils their strict requirements. On the other hand, the dramatically large energy margin in the MgB2 wire is attractive for liquid helium-saving MRI magnets. However, there are many types of cross-sections in the MgB2 wires. This makes it difficult to analyse the applicability of the MgB2 wires to the MRI magnets systematically. This paper focuses on the in situ MgB2 wires with an iron matrix and a Monel reinforced member. Multiple evaluations are conducted for several types of MgB2 wires, and their applicability to the MRI magnets is discussed. Because the critical current density of the superconducting filaments does not largely depend on the cross-section of the wires, the engineering critical current density (J e) is roughly proportional to the superconducting fraction (λ sc). The acceptable bending strain of the heat-treated wires increases with the Monel fraction and is in the range of 0.3%–0.65%, which is larger than the value required for coil winding of the MRI magnets. Two types of protection approaches of the magnet are considered. One is an active protection. This approach requires a large fraction of the copper stabilizer in the cross-section of the wire and relatively reduces λ sc and J e. The other is the avoidance of quenches over the product lifetime using quick ramp-down of the magnet for unfortunate events, such as cooling system failure and emergency rundown. This approach requires no copper stabilizer and increases λ sc and J e thus widens the acceptable operational temperature range. The cross-section of the MgB2 wire can be designed with a certain level of freedom depending on its functional requirements.

Initial experience of novel over the wire type decapolar catheter for ventricular arrhythmias originating from left ventricular summit.

Previously, direct monitoring of local activation at the communicating vein (CV) has been reported to be useful for the ablation of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from the left ventricular (LV) summit. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the novel over-the-wire (OTW)-type decapolar catheter for VAs originating from the LV summit. Overall, 17 patients who underwent catheter ablation for idiopathic VAs originating from the LV summit were included in this study. Of these, seven patients underwent mapping of the epicardial LV outflow tract with the novel 2.7 Fr OTW-type decapolar catheter (EPstar FIX AIV), and ten underwent mapping with the standard 2.0 Fr octopolar catheter (EPstar FIX 2F) procedure (AIV group = EPstar FIX AIV and control group = EPstar FIX 2F). No significant differences in the baseline characteristics were observed between the two groups. In the AIV group, all patients achieved successful catheter positioning in the target CV, whereas in the control group, two patients failed to achieve the same. The novel catheter not only advanced to the target vessels using a 0.014-in guidewire but it was also used for contrast injection from the catheter lumen, which enabled accurate and safe positioning. As a result, the earliest activation time preceding QRS onset during the VA, recorded at the CV, was significantly earlier when compared with the control group (44.66 ± 11.23ms vs. 32.16 ± 4.26ms, P = 0.007). Compared with the conventional electrode catheter, this novel multipolar electrode catheter is more effective for mapping local activation at the CV.

Comparison of load deflection characteristics of laser-treated CuNiTi archwire with other aligning orthodontic wires

Aim: To compare the load deflection characteristics of laser treated SmartArch wires with other orthodontic wires. Materials and Method: In this in vitro study 10 samples of 3 different orthodontic wires were included. The wire samples were divided into three groups - GroupA: NiTi wire, group B: heat-activated CuNiTi wire and group c: laser-treated CuNiTu wire. The archwires were subjected to 2 and 4 mm of deflection forces and load deflection characteristics were studied on the Instron machine. IBM SPSS software version 23, was used for statistical analysis. The Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and one-way ANOVA test, descriptive statistics were used to compare the means of the three groups. Results: The ANOVA test revealed that wire type had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the forces produced. At 2 mm loading, the descriptive tests revealed a mean ranging from 0.83 to 0.96 MPa, and at 4 mm loading, 2.64 to 3.53 MPa. However, none of the wires experienced any appreciable increases in force as the deflection increased from 2 to 4 mm. Conclusion: The current study's findings showed that SmartArch wire had a lower load deflection than NiTi wire and heat-activated CuNiTi wire. However, this was not statistically significant.

GEOSPATIAL MODELING OF ROADSIDE VEGETATION RISK ON DISTRIBUTION POWER LINES IN CONNECTICUT

Abstract. Roadside trees cause almost 90% of the power outages in the forested Northeastern US. Management of roadside vegetation risk on electrical infrastructure demands timely and accurate information on forest conditions. Tasking conventional ground-based scouting methods along thousands of kilometers of powerlines in a repeated fashion are labor-/cost-/time-intense. Geospatial and earth observation (EO) technologies serve as cost-effective tools in monitoring, inspecting, and managing utility corridors. EO technologies, from drones, aircraft, to satellites can efficiently acquire information over large areas at regular intervals while probing forest physical structure and health conditions. LiDAR is a useful data stream for modeling terrain conditions and estimation of multiple forest inventory variables that explain the physical structure of the forest. Various EO imagery provides information on bio-physical characteristics of trees that affect forest health at finer granularity. The goal of this study is to combine multiple environmental variables to develop a spatially-explicit vegetation risk model using machine learning algorithms. Some of the key inputs used in our analysis include LiDAR-derived tree-related variables (e.g., tree height, proximity pixels, canopy cover), LiDAR-derived terrain data (slope, aspect, topographic index), soil characteristics, vegetation management data (tree trimming methods), infrastructure data (wire type), and power outages reported from 2005 to 2017 in Connecticut. Findings of this research will be vital in informing vegetation management decision-making processes, which eventually reduce power outages and the cost of utility corridor maintenance.

Microstructures and high-temperature failure analyses of 25Cr-35Ni-Nb + MA/32Cr-20Ni-Nb dissimilar welded joint with different filler wires

To address the issue of lacking scientific guidance for welding 25Cr-35Ni-Nb + MA/32Cr-20Ni-Nb joint in petrochemical plant applications, the joint microstructures were studied by adopting four types of filler wires. The high-temperature tensile tests and creep rupture tests were performed to investigate joint failure mechanisms. Cellular/columnar dendritic grains were formed at the fusion line region with similar orientations to adjacent un-melted grains. The fine-sized dendritic grains generated at the central weld seam presented a larger misorientation owing to a lowered cooling rate. The lesser alloying element in filler wire led to a larger area with cellular/columnar dendritic grains. The carbide precipitates mostly located at grain boundaries either in the form of particles or necklace structures depending upon the filler wire compositions. The heterogeneous microstructure was thought to be the main reason for the failure at weld seam and fusion line region with large hardness fluctuations when joints welded by the filler wire with a more diverse alloying element. The filler wire with the least introduction of alloying elements, i.e., ERNiCrCoMo-1, gave rise to a more uniform microstructure and hence higher joint property without failing at the weld seam, which was therefore considered as the most suitable filler wire candidate.

A zero power current and frequency sensor for smart grid applications

Obtaining real time feedback on the amplitude and frequency of current flowing through power lines is of significant importance to smart grids. This paper investigates the use of a zero power multifunctional device (sensor and energy harvester) to solve this challenging problem. The passive device combines a piezoelectric cantilever with a hard magnet mass in order to couple the AC magnetic field from the power line to the device to generate an oscillating kinetic force at the frequency of the current. The proposed device is passive, but the transmission of the data requires the use of wireless sensor nodes, which requires power. The piezoelectric cantilever acts as both a passive sensor and a kinetic energy harvester to power the wireless sensor nodes. This study investigates the effects on both the sensor sensitivity and energy harvesting power density as a function of the type of wire (stranded vs solid wires), stiffness of the cantilever, and pull strength of the magnet for high current applications. The results demonstrate that stranded wires have a slight reduction in sensitivity from 1.12 V A−1 to 0.98 V A−1 for solid and stranded wire. The stiffness of the cantilever also affects the sensitivity and energy harvesting performance, where stiffer beams resulted in high power density and sensitivity. Increasing the magnet thickness and pull strength resulted in increased power density and bandwidth but it also effects the optimal spatial location of the magnet in relation to the wire. The device was also validated as a frequency sensor with a resolution of <1 Hz, and could be further optimized in the future. The results of this study validate the potential use of the device as a multifunctional sensor/energy harvester for smart grid applications.

Effects of Two Fluoride Mouthwashes on Surface Topography and Frictional Resistance of Orthodontic Wires.

Objectives: This study compared the effects of fluoride mouthwashes on surface topography of orthodontic wires, and static and kinetic frictional forces between the stainless steel (SS) orthodontic brackets and SS and nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, study evaluated 240 standard SS maxillary central incisor brackets and 0.018, and 0.025×0.019 inch NiTi and SS archwires. The wire-bracket sets (different combinations of wire diameters and types) were exposed to artificial saliva (control), 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) for 1 minute daily, or 0.2% NaF for 1 minute, weekly (37°C) for 3 months. The wires were pulled in bracket slots by 5 mm in a universal testing machine (10 mm/minute). The static and kinetic forces were measured. The surface topography of wires was inspected under a scanning electron microscope (SEM; x500). Data were analyzed by SPSS 25. Results: The mean static and kinetic frictional forces of 0.025×0.019 inch NiTi wire in 0.05% NaF group were significantly greater than SS wire (P=0.000). The mean kinetic frictional force in 0.05% NaF was significantly greater than 0.2% NaF and artificial saliva for all wires (P=0.001). The mean static and kinetic forces in 0.2% NaF were significantly greater than in artificial saliva (P=0.025). In all groups, larger wires showed higher mean frictional forces (P=0.000). SEM results revealed higher wire surface roughness in 0.05% NaF followed by 0.2% NaF group. Conclusion: Weekly use of 0.2% NaF mouthwash is recommended during sliding mechanics to minimize frictional forces between the SS and NiTi wires and SS brackets.

Simulation and Analysis of an FMCW Radar against the UWB EMP Coupling Responses on the Wires

An ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulse (UWB EMP) can be coupled to an FMCW system through metal wires, causing electronic equipment disturbance or damage. In this paper, a hybrid model is proposed to carry out the interference analysis of UWB EMP coupling responses on the wires to the FMCW radar. First, a field simulation model of the radar is constructed and the wire coupling responses are calculated. Then, the responses are injected into an FMCW circuit model via data format modification. Finally, we use the FFT transform to identify the spectral peak of the intermediate frequency (IF) output signal, which corresponds to the radar’s detection range. The simulation results show that the type of metal wire has the greatest influence on the amplitude of coupling responses. The spectral peak of the IF output changes to the wrong frequency with the increase of injection power. Applying interference at the end of the circuit can more effectively interfere with the detection of the radar. The investigation provides a theoretical basis for the electromagnetic protection design of the radar.

Retrospective Study of Retention Detachments after Orthodontic Treatment at the CHU-CNOS of Bamako: About 26 Cases

Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate the factors favoring the detachment of bonded retainers after multi-band orthodontic treatment, Method: This was a descriptive retrospective study of 26 cases of retention detachments recorded in the dentofacial orthopedics department of the CHU-CNOS in Bamako over a period of 1 year from January 2, 2020 to December 31. 2020. The retainers were all bonded using the direct method using two types of composite. Two types of wires were used in patients. The data collection was made from the files of the patients followed in the service. Results: We counted 19 maxillary and 7 mandibular retainers. 19 retainers (73.1%) were bonded with fluid composite retainer and 7 retainers (26.9%) were bonded with normal restorative composite. The type of yarn used is solid yarn in 15 restraints and braided yarn was used in 11 restraints. There is less disbondment with the flowable bonding composite than with the dental restorative composition. Conclusion: The type of suture and the type of composite used seem to have an impact on the durability of the bonded retainer, without significant results.

Effect of Types of Calcium‐Containing Cored Wires on the Inclusion Modification by Calcium Treatment

Calcium treatment experiments with equal calcium amounts using different calcium‐containing cored wires are carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effect of calcium wire types on the modification of inclusions. Inclusions change from Al2O3(–MgO) to calcium aluminates with the feeding of calcium wires; however, the modification degrees are different. The CaO content in inclusions increases to 25.8, 34.5, and 31.0 wt%, respectively, at 1 min after the addition of pure Ca, SiCa, and AlCa. The calcium yield is the highest when using SiCa wire and is the lowest under the use of pure Ca wire. The difference in calcium yield is attributed to the increasing effect of Si or Al on the solubility of calcium in molten steel. When calcium treatment is performed using SiCa and AlCa wires, the local Si and Al content around calcium bubbles would be large, which can promote the dissolution of calcium into steel and increase the yield of calcium. From the perspective of improving calcium yield, calcium treatment with SiCa or AlCa wires is better than that with pure Ca wires. However, steel grade, ladle capacity, and calcium treatment parameters should be further considered in the actual selection of calcium‐containing cored wires.

The Machinability Characteristics of Multidirectional CFRP Composites Using High-Performance Wire EDM Electrodes

Due to the abrasive nature of the material, the conventional machining of CFRP composites is typically characterised by high mechanical forces and poor tool life, which can have a detrimental effect on workpiece surface quality, mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy, and, ultimately, functional performance. The present paper details an experimental investigation to assess the feasibility of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) as an alternative for cutting multidirectional CFRP composite laminates using high-performance wire electrodes. A full factorial experimental array comprising a total of 8 tests was employed to evaluate the effect of varying ignition current (3 and 5 A), pulse-off time (8 and 10 µs), and wire type (Topas Plus D and Compeed) on material removal rate (MRR), kerf width, workpiece surface roughness, and surface damage. The Compeed wire achieved a lower MRR of up to ~40% compared with the Topas wire when operating at comparable cutting parameters, despite having a higher electrical conductivity. Statistical investigation involving analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the pulse-off time was the only significant factor impacting the material removal rate, with a percentage contribution ratio of 67.76%. In terms of cut accuracy and surface quality, machining with the Compeed wire resulted in marginally wider kerfs (~8%) and a higher workpiece surface roughness (~11%) compared to the Topas wire, with maximum recorded values of 374.38 µm and 27.53 µm Sa, respectively. Micrographs from scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of considerable fibre fragments, voids, and adhered re-solidified matrix material on the machined surfaces, which was likely due to the thermal nature of the WEDM process. The research demonstrated the viability of WEDM for cutting relatively thick (9 mm) multidirectional CFRP laminates without the need for employing conductive assistive electrodes. The advanced coated wire electrodes used in combination with higher ignition current and lower pulse-off time levels resulted in an increased MRR of up to ~15 mm3/min.

Impact of Wire Selection on the Performance of an Induction Motor for Automotive Applications

This paper investigates the impact of the wire selection on the performance of induction motors for automotive applications. The section of wire and the material are evaluated at a high speed of 200 kW in an induction motor designed for premium vehicle applications. The proposed solutions have the same electromagnetic and thermal constraints, as well as the same final encumbrance. The various wire and winding types differ in terms of slot design, phase resistance, end-winding overhanging portion, skin and proximity effects, and equivalent slot thermal conductivity. Their impacts are analyzed in terms of the operating area motor efficiency and they are tested in an automotive drive cycle, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration.

Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Orthodontic Retainers.

Orthodontic retention is the final important stage of orthodontic treatment, the aim of which is to consolidate the functional and aesthetic position of teeth. Among adults, fixed retainers made of different types of wires are the most common. The aim of this study was to analyse the mechanical properties of a new generation of fixed orthodontic retainers—printed by 3D printers. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using samples made of Nextdent MFH C&B N1 resin in the form of cuboid bars with nominal dimensions of width b = 3 mm, thickness d = 0.8 mm; 1 mm; 1.2 mm, length l = 30 mm for each type. The influence of the thickness of the retainers on their strength under loaded conditions was evaluated. Flexural strength, elastic properties, deflection, and creep were compared. The samples were aged in an artificial saliva bath at 37 ± 1 °C during the strength tests. Results: It was shown that differences in the thickness of the samples affected their elastic and strength properties. The highest average flexural modulus, the highest deflection, creep, and strength was characteristic of the samples with the highest thickness (1.2 mm). Samples with an average thickness of 1 mm had the lowest modulus of elasticity. Conclusions: The mechanical properties of 3D printed retainers show that they can be an alternative to metal retainers and the procedure of making new retainers, especially when patients have aesthetic requirements or allergies to metals.

Survival analysis of three types of maxillary and mandibular bonded orthodontic retainers: a retrospective cohort.

BackgroundRetention is an important aspect of orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to analyze the survival of three types of maxillary and mandibular bonded orthodontic retainers.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study evaluated the records of 118 orthodontic patients (90 females, 28 males, mean age of 22.34 ± 6.44 years) retrieved from a private orthodontic office. Data regarding the retainer failure, dental caries, unwanted tooth movements, maximum pocket depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) recorded at the follow-up sessions were extracted from patient records. Three types of retainer wires namely Bond-A-Braid, Orthoflex, and Retainium were compared regarding the abovementioned parameters. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Chi-square, Monte-Carlo Chi-square, and Kruskal Wallis tests, the log rank test, and the Cox regression model.ResultsThe frequency of retainer failure was not significantly different between males and females, different age groups, or different treatment durations (P > 0.05). Wire fracture was the most common failure type in both the maxilla and mandible. Also, the frequency of failure was not significantly different between the maxillary and mandibular retainers (P > 0.05). The frequency of failure, and survival of the three types of retainer wires were not significantly different during a 5-year period (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe three types of orthodontic retainers had comparable survival rates. Their failure rate was not correlated with the age or gender of patients or the treatment duration.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02202-5.