Two-dimensional Numerical Model Research Articles

Effects of Confining Pressure and Hydrostatic Pressure on the Fracturing of Rock under Cyclic Electrohydraulic Shock Waves

For an array of applications of the high voltage pulse discharge technology in reservoir stimulations and to gain a deeper understanding of the fractures mechanism of deep well rock under cyclic electrohydraulic shock waves (EHSWs), the effect of confining pressure and hydrostatic pressure on the fracturing of rock under EHSWs are investigated in this paper. Firstly, a two-dimensional (2D) water-explosive numerical model is built to match the computed peak pressure of the EHSW with that obtained by the empirical formula by tuning the relevant parameters, based on the equivalent method of EHSWs. Then, a rock model is established to obtain the stress distribution under static loads. Subsequently, the water-explosive model is coupled with the rock model to obtain the stress distribution under static and dynamic loads. In addition, based on this coupling model, the influences of confining pressure and hydrostatic pressure on circumferential stress, radial stress in the rock and the fracturing of rock around the wellbore are discussed. Finally, two improvement measures (increasing discharge energy and changing loading mode) are proposed to acquire greater fracture density based on intensive numerical simulations. The results show that the increase in hydrostatic pressure is beneficial to the crack formation and development, whereas confining pressure is harmful. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of confining pressure on crack formation is greater than the promotion effect of hydrostatic pressure on crack formation. Increasing the discharge energy can effectively promote the development of the number and length of main cracks. Under four repetitive loading modes with the same total discharge energy (1.36 × 15 kJ), the greatest fracture density can be obtained by using repetitive loading mode with a gradually decreasing mode of discharge energy (first level: 2 times (1.36 × 5 kJ); second level: 5 times (1.36 × 1 kJ)).

Two-dimensional MHD equilibria of diamagnetic bubble in gas-dynamic trap

This article presents a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) two-dimensional numerical model of diamagnetic bubble equilibria in an axisymmetric open trap. The theoretical model consists of the Grad–Shafranov equilibrium equation and the transport equation obtained within the resistive single-fluid MHDs with isotropic pressure. Found are the numerical solutions corresponding to the diamagnetic confinement mode. In particular, the equilibria of the diamagnetic bubble in the gas-dynamic multimirror trap are calculated. We investigate the effect of magnetic field corrugation on the equilibrium; the corrugation of the vacuum field is shown to lead to a rather moderate corrugation of the bubble boundary if the period of corrugation is sufficiently small. A valuable numerical result is the distribution of the diamagnetic field, which would be useful for optimizing the position of the wall-stabilization plates.

Numerical simulation of effectively driving the trajectory of magnetic particles in a Newtonian fluid using a uniform magnetic field

Herein, the interaction and relative motion of two circular magnetic particles in a static flow and planar Poiseuille flow is investigated via numerical simulation. A two-dimensional numerical model is constructed based on Maxwell’s finite element method, fully considering the interactions between particles and particles, particles and magnetic fields, and particles and flow fields. First, the motion state and action mechanism of the magnetic particles in contact state in the static fluid are analyzed under a vertical magnetic field; then, the simulation results are verified via experiments. Based on the motion state of the magnetic particles in the planar Poiseuille flow, the feasibility of effectively controlling the trajectory of magnetic particles in the planar Poiseuille flow using a magnetic field is discussed. In the static flow, the vertical magnetic field was unable to separate the contacting magnetic particles; thus, the magnetic field cannot effectively control magnetic particles in static flows. In the planar Poiseuille flow, the free contact and separation of magnetic particles was effectively controlled by the combined action of the magnetic field and the fluid. This study provides insights into the interactions among magnetic particles in static flows and summarizes a set of methods for effectively controlling two circular magnetic particles.

Advanced geothermal energy storage systems by repurposing existing oil and gas wells: A full-scale experimental and numerical investigation

Advanced Geothermal Energy Storage systems provides an innovative approach that can help supply energy demand at-large scales. They operate by injection of heat collected from various sources into an existing well in low temperature subsurface to create an artificial and sustainable geothermal reservoir to enable electricity generation. Very few studies investigated this approach, but those relied on hypothetical scenarios. Therefore, this study focuses on the field-scale investigation of an Advanced Geothermal Energy Storage in the low-temperature Illinois basin. A systematic preliminary data analysis was conducted to probe thermal energy storage properties of the subsurface. A full-scale field test was performed to delineate the subsurface thermal processes. Results from the field test were used to calibrate a two-dimensional axisymmetric numerical model for a single push/pull well. Various operational schemes were simulated for using the validated numerical model. The results indicated that the energy storage efficiency might reach up to 82% and the extracted fluids could generate an electrical power of 5.74 MW in five years for a simultaneous monthly injection and production scheme with an initial 90 days charging period. The proposed system which benefits from existing infrastructure, offers an economical and environmental approach for thermal storage with high storage efficiency.

A numerical investigation on the finned storage rotation effect on the phase change material melting process of latent heat thermal energy storage system

Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) is one of the most significant ways to mitigate solar energy intermittency using Phase Change Material (PCM). In the present study, a novel simultaneous utilization of longitudinal fins and storage rotation techniques to reduce the charging time and increase the amount of energy stored is considered in a double-pipe heat exchanger by developing a two-dimensional numerical model. Seven main cases have been defined, and finally, an optimal case with the least complete melting time has been introduced. The results indicated that embedding the fin on the lower half of the fixed storage accelerates the melting process. Rotating the finned storage can further reduce the melting time by up to 18.5 %, and embedded fins in rotating storage trap the melted PCM and reduce the complete melting time by 70 %. Finally, it is observed that simultaneous use of storage rotation and embedded longitudinal full-scale fins can achieve a 72 % reduction in complete melting time and a 115 % increase in total cumulative stored energy, which is related to the optimal case. The optimal case has four fins with an angle difference of 90° and two vertical stop steps with an angle of 180°.

Numerical modeling of combined wave and current-induced residual liquefaction around twin pipelines

With the operation of offshore oil & gas fields, offshore pipeline has been widely used in offshore engineering. So far, most studies have focused on exploring the seabed responses around a single pipeline, and ignored the effect of multiple pipelines on the physical process of the surrounding seabed. In this study, to investigate the residual seabed dynamic response around twin pipelines, a two-dimensional numerical model, combining the Shear-Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model with the porous seabed model, is developed. Unlike previous studies, this study focuses on three aspects: (1) the physical process of seabed around twin pipelines; (2) the wave and current-induced residual soil response; and (3) the effect of upstream pipeline on the liquefaction of downstream pipeline. Numerical results demonstrate the significant effect of current and twin pipelines’ arrangement on the residual pore pressure and liquefaction zone around the twin pipelines. Results show that the pressure fluctuation caused by the vortex between the twin pipelines deepens the residual liquefaction depth of the seabed.

Heat Transfer Enhancement of Phase Change Material in Triple-Tube Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Units: Operating Modes and Fin Configurations

The inherent low thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs) serious limits the thermal performance of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems. In this study, the author proposed two operating modes (inside heating/outside cooling and inside cooling/outside heating)and designed seven fin configurations to improve the thermal performance and flexibility of the triple-tube LHTES unit. A transient two-dimensional numerical model was established to study the energy storage, release and simultaneous storage and release processes, and local and global entropy generation was analyzed. A comprehensive evaluation was used to propose the optimal combination of operating mode and fin configuration. Considering various performances, the combination of the operation mode of inside cooling/outside heating and the staggered fin configuration shortened the total time by 66.6% and increased the heat transfer rate by 5.6%, providing the best performance in both the continuous and simultaneous storage and release process.

Frozen curtain characteristics during excavation of submerged shallow tunnel using Freeze-Sealing Pipe-Roof method

The Freeze-Sealing Pipe-Roof (FSPR) method, which has been applied for the first time in the Gongbei Tunnel of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, is a new approach of tunnel pre-support that allows flexible adjustment of freeze tube arrangement and can be adapted to different environmental conditions. When the FSPR method is used to construct shallow burial submerged tunnels, the frozen wall to hold back groundwater during excavation will be weakened by air and water flows inside and outside the tunnel, and its waterproof performance needs to be further investigated. In this paper, a two-dimensional numerical model of the temperature field considering excavation and moving water boundary is established based on the preliminary design scheme and in-situ conditions and is used to analyze the variation in frozen curtain properties with various active freezing times during excavation. The results show that excavation has a weakening effect on both sides of the frozen wall, with a greater effect on the inner side, and a positive temperature appears in the local area inside the jacked pipe. The concrete fill in the jacked pipe obviously improves the freezing efficiency, and the tunnel excavation after 60 days of active freezing in the interval filling mode can ensure that the frozen soil thickness at the thinnest segment exceeds 2 m, i.e., the design requirement. In practice, the active freezing time can be extended appropriately to reduce the influence of river water flow above the tunnel. The study serves as a technical reference for the design and implementation of similar projects.

Numerical Research of Potential Methods to Reduce Screening-Current-Induced Stress for No-Insulation REBCO Coils

In recent years, the no-insulation REBa <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7−</sub> <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">_x</i> (REBCO) (NI-REBCO) coils with self-protecting ability show remarkable attraction and potential in high magnetic field areas. As the study develops in-depth, it is widely recognized that the uneven stress/strain generated by screening current is a crucial concern for the NI-REBCO coils operating performance, especially for NI-REBCO insert coils under high background field. Therefore, effectively reducing screening-current-induced stress/strain (SCIS) is critical for NI-REBCO coils/magnet mechanical design and steady operation. In this article, we developed a new two-dimensional numerical model to analyze the mechanical responses caused by screening current in NI-REBCO coils using the T-A multiscale model for electromagnetic behavior and discrete contact model for stress/strain analysis. After verifying the model by comparing with previous experimental data, the effectiveness of three already-reported and potential methods of mitigating SCIS [i.e., 1) combining suitable winding tension and overband support in the fabrication of coils, 2) employing multifilamentary REBCO tape suppressing screening current, and 3) co-wound metal tape strengthening stiffness of coils] is revealed by comparing the strain/stress distribution with a designed benchmark NI-REBCO coils. Furthermore, by a parametric study of the aforementioned mitigating SCIS methods, a couple of novel conclusions were found. 1) The effect of overband support on reducing SCIS gradually weakens from the outer turn to the inner turn, and the SCIS decreases gradually as the overband metal tape thickness increases, whereas there is a critical value that the SCIS would no longer significantly decreases once exceeds it. 2) The more multifilaments in REBCO tape there are, the better the effect of mitigating SCIS. 3) The SCIS in NI-REBCO coils shows a clear decreasing trend with the increase of co-wound metal tape thickness, but the trend is gradually flattened. Finally, we summarized some feasible suggestions for the mechanical design of NI-REBCO coils to mitigate the SCIS.

Micro-hole drilling of 2.5D C/SiC composite with picosecond laser: Numerical modeling and experimental validation on hole shape evolution

Micro-holes of 2.5D C/SiC composites produced by picosecond laser are widely used in aerospace, military, and automotive industries. An accurate numerical model is crucial to illustrate the formation mechanism of hole shape and ablation characteristics. This paper proposes a two-dimensional transient numerical model based on solid-liquid-gas coupling in micro-hole drilling of 2.5D C/SiC composites with a picosecond laser. In the stage of solid-liquid phase transition, original mass, energy, and momentum conservation equations are optimized by considering surface tension, gravity, and hydrostatic pressure. In the stage of liquid-gas phase change, the mass transfer during the material evaporation is considered and used as a source term to optimize the level set equation. The effectiveness of the proposed model is validated by picosecond laser micro-hole drilling experiments on 2.5D C/SiC composites. Compared with the existing research, the results show that the proposed can accurately depict hole shape evolution in picosecond laser drilling of 2.5D C/SiC composites, not only including entrance, exit diameter, and hole taper, but also the hole profile and its dynamic variation. In addition, the model effectively simulates the thermal effect phenomena, such as thermal damage, pressure concentration, and recast layer. And the thermal damage is found to be the main cause of the hole quality variation, which changes from severe to smooth along the hole entrance to exit. The research provides important support for high-quality micro-hole machining of 2.5D C/SiC composites with the picosecond laser.

Influence of Ningbo–Zhoushan Port Main Corridor on the Tidal Current Dynamics in the Zhoushan Sea Area

Ningbo–Zhoushan Port Main Corridor project is important in the development of Zhoushan City, but its impact on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the Zhoushan sea area is still unclear. Finite volume method is used in the present study to solve the shallow water equations and establish a plane two-dimensional tidal current numerical model. The measured tidal current data of the Yangtze River Estuary and Hangzhou Bay is utilized to verify the accuracy of the model in simulating the tidal current process. The results indicate the model can numerically reproduce the tidal current process in the Hangzhou Bay–Yangtze River Estuary–Zhoushan sea area (HYZ). In addition, the dynamic characteristics of tidal currents in the Zhoushan sea area with and without piers are compared. The results show that the construction of the project changes the water level near the bridge piers and causes the water obstruction and deficiency in the front and behind the piers, respectively. Tidal flow velocity increases on sides of the piers with while a low velocity area is formed before and after the piers. The project construction exerts a small impact on the tidal currents but a strong influence on the local area near the bridge piers.

A Numerical Study on the Application of Stress Cage Technology

Lost circulation is considered a time-consuming, costly problem during the construction of oil and gas wells. There are several preventive techniques to mitigate this problem. Stress cage technology is a mechanical lost circulation method, in which the formation at the wellbore wall is strengthened to stop the creation of induced fractures as one of the main causes of lost circulation. In this research, a two-dimensional numerical model, considering the elastic, poro-elastic, and thermo-poro-elastic behavior of the rock, is built to investigate the effectiveness of the stress cage method. Results show that better performance of the technology is achieved if the fractures are bridged close to their apertures. Additionally, it was found that the difference between the elastic, poro-elastic, and thermo-poro-elastic models is slightly visible. The conclusion states that the application of the stress cage methods leads to an increase in hoop stress and subsequent formation fracture gradient.

The Influence of Lateral Restraining Stiffness on the Box-Girder Superstructure under Unbroken Solitary Waves

At present, box-girder superstructures are commonly used in coastal bridges, and their hydrodynamic performance under extreme waves such as tsunamis has attracted a lot of attention. There is a lack of research focusing on the effect of lateral restraining stiffness on box-girder superstructures under the extreme wave condition. In this paper, a two-dimensional numerical model based on the RANS equation and SST k-ω turbulence model is established. Combined with the dynamic mesh updating technique, the effect of lateral restraining stiffness on the superstructure of a box-girder and the dynamic characteristics of the movable box-girder under the solitary waves were investigated. To ensure the mesh quality, the numerical computational domain is divided into several regions that correspond to specific types of body motion. The numerical model is verified by comparing it with other numerical simulation results and experimental results. The dynamic characteristics and the wave forces of the box-girder superstructure under the effect of lateral restraining stiffness under the unbroken solitary waves are discussed. The results show that the horizontal and vertical forces on the box-girder superstructure under the action of unbroken solitary waves can be reduced by reducing the lateral restraining stiffness. However, with the decrease in lateral restraining stiffness, the lateral displacement of the box-girder superstructure would increase. Therefore, the lateral restraining stiffness and lateral displacement limit of the box-girder superstructure should be fully considered in practical engineering, and the appropriate lateral restraining stiffness should be selected to reduce the wave forces on the box-girder superstructure under extreme wave action, so as to improve the safety of the coastal box-girder superstructure. It is of great importance to study the interaction between the box-girder superstructure and unbroken solitary waves, which will help to have a deeper understanding to improve the disaster resistance of bridges.

Interaction analysis and multi-response optimization of transformer winding design parameters

This work conducted a multi-response optimization on the design parameter of a transformer winding based on the response surface methodology and desirability function approach to find a design with better combined-thermal-hydraulic performance. A numerical experiment was performed with two-dimensional axisymmetric numerical heat transfer models. Response surface models were established based on experimental results and checked through analyses of variance. Regression equations were fitted and then verified. Interactions among factors were investigated in detail. A multi-response optimization was carried out on the winding design parameters and optimum design was identified using the desirability function approach. The results showed that the response surface models built up in this work were all significant and all the responses could be predicted accurately based on the regression equations. The design with the block washer number of 1, axial duct size of 8 mm and radial duct size of 3 mm was found as the optimum winding design of this work. Compared with the conventional design, the optimum design increased the Colburn-j factor and Darcy friction factor by 212% and 9%, respectively, simultaneously decreased the maximum and mean temperature rises by 67.1% and 70.5%, respectively.

A peridynamic damage-cumulative model for rolling contact fatigue

A peridynamic(PD) fatigue damage-cumulative model is developed to analyze the subsurface crack evolution and fatigue life of rolling contact fatigue(RCF). The compact tension specimens are used to verify the accuracy of the fatigue model. Then a two-dimensional PD numerical model of the contact zone of the rolling bearing is established for RCF analysis. The results show that microcracks are initiated on the subsurface, then branching and coalescing occur in the crack propagation process, and finally some cracks propagate to the surface to form spalling. The microstructural topology, grain interfacial strength and initial flaws affect the crack initiation, propagation and fatigue life. This study helps to understand the mechanism of RCF and provides a reference for predicting RCF.

Morphologic evolution of bifurcated reaches in a macrotidal estuary with mountain streams

A macrotidal estuary with mountain streams (MEMS) is characterized by rapidly rising and falling flood peaks and large tidal ranges and is a typical estuary type with strong flow dynamics that is found worldwide. Understanding the morphodynamic evolution of MEMSs has great significance for river management. The roles of the mountain stream river flood process and macrotides on the morphology evolution still needs further quantitative study. Taking the Oujiang Estuary as an example, the evolution mechanisms of bifurcated reaches of a MEMS are studied by analyzing the hydrologic and topographic data and using a two-dimensional numerical model for flow-sediment transport. The results show that (1) under the combined actions of runoff and macrotides, sediment transport is active and morphological evolution is intensive, the main branch and subbranch historically switch frequently, and erosion generally occurs in wet years, while deposition occurs in dry years. (2) The river flood process of mountain streams causes rapid erosion, which rises and falls rapidly with a kurtosis index (K) of approximately 2.9. There is a logarithmic relation between the sediment transport load and K. The volume of sediment transport will be 40% larger than the river flood process with K = 1.2 as for the Yangtze River. (3) Macrotides with large tidal ranges could enhance the discharge asymmetry (ψ). When the ψ is greater than 1, the side branches are dominated by flood tides. Although the current study is site specific, the results are expected to provide a valuable reference for sustainable management in similar estuaries.

Mixing processes in a reservoir corresponding to different water level operations caused spatial differences during two phytoplankton bloom events

Reservoir operation may impact algal blooms by altering flow conditions, but relevant studies and a theoretical understanding of this subject are limited. In this study, two phytoplankton bloom events with different spatial coverage patterns in a reservoir were investigated. By examining environmental variables, a suitable nutrient content and water temperature were considered responsible for bloom initiation during both events, but the different water level operations could possibly explain the observed spatial difference. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model was then used to simulate the mixing processes within the reservoir during these two bloom events. The simulation results indicated that the rising water level during the bloom event with a larger coverage area caused closed circulation flow conditions above the intrusion layer, displacing surface water in front of the dam upstream until reaching inflowing river water, which then intruded to support water offtake and water level lifting operations, while the other event did not exhibit a similar flow pattern. The water age was sensitive to water level operation, which suggested that phytoplankton dispersal could be promoted by rising water level processes. Inflow densimetric Froude number analysis indicated that reservoir impoundment facilitated a conversion of the inflow kinetic energy into potential energy, thus promoting algal dispersal via circulation. This study provides insights into the impact of reservoir operation on phytoplankton communities, offering a reference for operational design to mitigate algal blooms in reservoirs.

Hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and morphodynamics in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Field study and numerical modelling

Flow, suspended sediment transport and associated morphological changes in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) are studied using field survey data and a two-dimensional (2D) depth-averaged hydromorphodynamic numerical model. The results show that approximately 61–81 % of the suspended sediment load in the Hau River during the flood seasons is diverted from the Tien River by a water and suspended sediment diversion channel. Tidal effects on flow and suspended sediment load are more pronounced in the Hau River than in the Tien River. The results show the formation of nine scour holes in the Tien River and seven scour holes in the Hau River from 2014 to 2017. Additional six scour holes are likely to form by the end of 2026 if the suspended sediment supply is reduced by 85 % due to damming. Notably, the scour holes are likely to form at locations of severe riverbank erosion. In the entire study area, the simulated total net incision volume in 2014–2017 is approximately 196 Mm3 (equivalent to 65.3 Mm3/yr). The predicted total net incision volumes from 2017 to 2026 are approximately 2472 and 3316 Mm3 under the 18 % and 85 % suspended sediment reduction scenarios, respectively, thereby likely threatening the delta sustainability. The methodology developed in this study is helpful in providing researchers and decision-makers with one way to predict numerically the scour hole formation and its association with riverbank stability in river deltas. Of equal importance, this research serves as a useful reference on the role of water and suspended sediment diversion channels in balancing landforms in river-delta systems, particularly where artificial diversion channels are planned.

Roles of partial hydration of mantle transition zone and wadsleyite–olivine phase transition in wet plume development: Origin of Quaternary intraplate volcanoes in Korea

The Quaternary intraplate volcanoes in Korea have a sparser distribution (~330–563 km) than that of Japanese arc volcanoes (~80 km), geochemistry indicating mixing of components from the stagnant slab and mantle transition zone, and a longer elapsed time (~10–20 Myr) of the Quaternary eruption after the stagnation of the Pacific Plate. Although volcanism can be explained by wet plumes originating from the hydrous layer of the stagnant slab, previous numerical studies could not consistently explain the spatiotemporal and geochemical observations because of the neglected partial hydration of the mantle transition zone and wadsleyite–olivine phase transition at the 410-km discontinuity, both of which affect the viscosity and buoyancy structures. Thus, we constructed a series of two-dimensional numerical models by considering the partial hydration of the mantle transition zone and phase transition at the 410-km discontinuity. The results showed that the wet plumes are retarded at the 410-km discontinuity by the phase transition and merge into batches forming hybrid plumes in the asthenosphere, explaining the mixing of components from the hydrous slab and mantle transition zone, evidenced by the geochemical observations. The spacing (~485 km) and elapsed time (~24 Myr) of the hybrid plumes beneath the lithosphere are consistent with the spatiotemporal observations. Furthermore, the degree of mixing of the components from the hydrous slab and mantle transition zone found in the hybrid plumes explains the spatial distribution of water in the mantle transition zone beneath Korea.

Unmanned aerial vehicle transport of frozen blood samples using phase change materials

Appropriate cryopreservation of blood samples during transit from the point of collection to testing sites is an important element of quality sample management in clinical and veterinary diagnostics and research. Here, a heat-insulated design that employs 23.3% w/w salt water as the phase change material (PCM) for encapsulating a 1.5-mL vial of frozen blood sample was studied to assess its efficacy in maintaining sub-zero temperatures during transport. A two-dimensional finite element numerical simulation model with 5457 elements was found to exhibit mesh independence with 10% convergence error. For the PCM pre-cooled in dry ice and vial sample kept initially at 20 °C before flight, this model is predicted to maintain a stable transport temperature of −20 °C for at least 70 min. It also predicted to have uniform temperature distribution across the PCM holder, PCM, sample vial and sample. Experimental data obtained using a thermocouple confirmed the accuracy of the simulation model. Sensor data collected from a bespoke unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) allowed mapping of the acceleration forces during flight and facilitated the development of a mechanical setup to experimentally show that frozen samples are protected from shear forces generated under mimicked transport conditions. The capability of real-time sample temperature monitoring with feedback control on UAV flight path demonstrates the viability of the drone delivery system for quality transport of thermal-sensitive samples. • UAV transport of frozen blood samples done here with salt water phase change material. • 2D finite element model achieved mesh independence with 10% convergence error. • 70 min stable transfer at −20 °C attained after 30 min of dry ice pre-cooling. • Sensor data from UAV mimicked the flight conditions in a sloshing test setup. • Preliminary tests with frozen sheep's blood show lower coagulation from sloshing.