TV Image Research Articles

Analysis of irradiation in OptiTouch system with optical detection

As part of the research and development project, a multi-touch multimedia system was implemented, working exclusively on the basis of optical technologies. The model of device with a diagonal of 42” was developed and made with 4K TV image technology and simultaneous detection in near infrared. The control of individual system modules was carried out on RaspberryPi microcomputers without typical operating system. The functionality of a conventional large-format display with unlimited multi-touch, QR code scanner, and a document scanner has been achieved in one housing. Luminance distribution tests were carried out in accordance with ANSI requirements and infrared radiation for detection work.

A new approach for 3D structure characterization of rock mass using an improved elliptical discrete fracture network model

Fracture structures in rock masses profoundly affect the stability of deep rock engineering, whereas conventional methods utilizing local surface fracture data on rock mass and disk models are limited in characterizing complex three-dimensional (3D) fractures. This raises two critical inquiries: How to enhance the comprehensiveness of fracture parameter collected on-site? And how to improve the accuracy of 3D fracture reconstruction? Hence, we proposed an approach for characterizing 3D fractures of rock mass by optimizing on-site acquisition techniques and discrete fracture network model. By integrating unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and borehole TV imaging techniques, we extracted comprehensive fracture parameters (e.g., trace length, orientation, and spacing) from the surface to the interior of the engineered rock mass. Leveraging the capability of the non-similar elliptical discrete fracture network model to more accurately represent fracture shapes, we introduced a dual-parameter correction method that integrates rotation angle and volume density adjustments into Monte Carlo simulation, resulting in an improved comprehensive parameter elliptical discrete fracture network (CPE-DFN) model. This model exhibited a substantial improvement in accuracy compared to previous disk models, achieving enhancements ranging from 11.2% to 24.9%. Finally, we validated the applicability and precision of this new method for 3D fracture characterization using comprehensive fracture data collected from a deep tunnel in western Sichuan, China, with an error of less than 8%. This work holds potential applications in investigating preferential flow paths as well as evaluating rock mass integrity and fractured zones in rock masses.

Research on characteristics and geological genesis of large-scale deep-seated landslide in tuff formation

In engineering practice, engineers generally treated tuff as a lumpy material with a poorly defined laminated structure and a rock group that was not susceptible to slide failure. Most studies of tuff landslides had focused on small clastic landslides in shallow strata with weathering boundaries and lithologic interfaces as slip surfaces. This paper takes a large-scale, deep-seated tuff landslide on the southeast coast of China as the research project. We used borehole TV imaging and exploration tunnels to confirm the material composition and structural characteristics of the tuff stratum and used exploration tunnels to expose the slip soil directly. Microscopic identification, mineralogical composition analysis, zircon U-Pb isotope dating, and Hf isotope analysis of slip soils collected from the exploration tunnels elucidated the geologic background and genesis of the large-scale deep-seated landslides in the tuff stratum. It was found that the formation of a tuff stratum in the landslide area was caused by multi-volcanic orogeny and multi-phase tectonics. The timing of the melting of the original magma from these volcanic events also differs. During these intervals between eruptions, deposition occurred, and this sedimentary material formed the slip soil.

Borehole TV Imaging Technology for Horizontal Directional Drilling Based on an Optimization Algorithm for Structural Planes

The horizontal directional drilling technology combined with the borehole TV imaging technology can be used to obtain most of the geological information in conventional adit exploration. This combination has little impact on the environment and is free from topographic constraints, thus contributing to green exploration. However, conventional algorithms for structural planes fail to accurately extract information on the attitudes of incomplete structural planes in boreholes of any azimuth. Moreover, existing borehole TV devices are mostly cable-based and, thus, difficult to put in place in horizontal drilling. They are prone to get stuck in the collapse section of boreholes, thus damaging the devices. Given these challenges, this study develops an optimization algorithm for structural planes: (1) first, information on multiple points in the 2D unfolded view is fitted using a sinusoidal function curve, three arbitrary points are constructed using the fitted curve, and the normal vector of the plane determined by the three points is calculated; (2) the normal vector in the geodetic coordinate system is obtained after two rotations of the spatial coordinate system based on the theory of transformation of Cartesian coordinate system; (3) finally, the dip angle and dip direction of a structural plane are calculated using the normal vector in the geodetic coordinate system. By making the best use of the information on multiple points in the 2D unfolded view, the optimization algorithm can overcome the defect that is difficult for conventional two-point methods to locate the highest and lowest points of discontinuous structural planes. Therefore, the optimization algorithm applies to calculating the attitudes of structural planes in boreholes of any azimuth. Based on this optimization algorithm, this study successfully develops a cable-free, storage-based TV device for boreholes of any azimuth. This device was employed for laboratory experiments on 20 complete structural planes and 32 incomplete structural planes. As indicated by the experiment results, the optimization algorithm proposed in this study is applicable to many types of structural planes, with a dip direction error of less than 10° and a dip angle error of less than 5°, thus meeting the production requirements.

A modulus iteration method for non-negatively constrained TV image restoration

A modulus iteration method for non-negatively constrained TV image restoration

Study the noise effect on the edges and cross correlation of TV images

The noise that associated with TV images is considered to be a very important problem that complicates the developments of these systems. Because of that, it makes the interpretation and analysis of informative images a very difficult process, and lessens their advantages. The most common type of these images are TV images transmitted by antenna work with (VHF, UHF) frequency and Satellite Transmission. Because TV images move through a complicated system in generating the TV or video signal, coding them, transmitting them, and receiving them by decoding and passing with different sets until appearing on screen. This will lead to a loose and fraud for a part of the information sent in the wave. As a result, it will be affected by an additive noise (Gaussian noise) which leads to deforming and destroying the quality of these images.
 This research aimed at studying the effect of the noise influence of this noise on edge as well as study of the relation between the statistical operators that include the mean and standard deviation (µ, σ) of edge’s regions for the components RGB and illumination component L as a function of time and as a function of antenna rotation.
 As well as we studied the relation between (µ, σ) and signal to noise ratio SNR for the cross correlation of edge's regions and for a homogeneous regions as well as for image as a whole once as a function of time and the other as a function of the angle of antenna rotation as in the first.

Evaluation of Compressive Geophysical Prospecting Method for the Identification of the Abandoned Goaf at the Tengzhou Section of China’s Mu Shi Expressway

Subsidence deformation of abandoned goafs can induce cracking, distortion and even collapse of surface buildings (structures), and thus, subsidence deformation poses a great threat. Accurate detection of the abandoned goaf location and overburden morphology is an important prerequisite for stability evaluation and scientific management of surface buildings (structures), and effective detection methods are bottlenecks for accurate detection. Taking the abandoned goaf in the Tengzhou section of China’s Mu Shi expressway as an engineering example, step-by-step detection, traditional detection and combination methods are used to determine the location of the underlying abandoned goaf and overburden morphology. First, we conduct disaster investigation on the expressway and surface within the affected area of the abandoned goaf and initially determine the detection area. Then, according to the principle that the detection range can be examined step-by-step from large to small, the high-density resistivity method is used for detection, and the high-resolution seismic method is further selected to analyze the target area. Then, based on the results of the resistivity method, the position of the abandoned goaf is evaluated with the high-resolution seismic method, and the distributions of the overburden subsidence, the water-filled fractured zone and the caving zone (the three belts) are determined. Finally, boreholes are drilled deep into the bottom of the abandoned goaf at specific locations and the distributions of the abandoned goaf and three belts are verified and corrected with drilling data, acoustic detection and borehole TV imaging technology, thereby providing accurate data on abandoned goafs for highway stability evaluation.

13.2: Review of Subjective evaluation method of high‐quality TV images

Vision is the most direct and effective way for humans to obtain information from the outside world. More than 80% of the information is transmitted to the brain through eyes. With the development of display technology, the picture received by the eyes is brighter, more vivid and clear. For such high‐quality display images, the objective evaluation system is slightly insufficient. Merely describing the image quality with parameters such as brightness, color gamut, and contrast is not completely consistent with consumers' real feelings. Therefore, subjective evaluation based on human vision is necessary to add to the image quality evaluation system. This article focuses on the domestic and international standards of subjective assessment methods for image quality, and reviews it from the perspectives of viewing conditions, observers, test preparation, test methods, and result analysis. Based on the above research, a subjective evaluation method suitable for high‐quality display devices is summarized.

Introduction: Global TV Images of Female Masculinity in the 2010s

Abstract This introductory article to the special Forum “Global TV Images of Female Masculinity in the 2010s” offers a reflection on the concept of “female masculinity” in global media and gender studies. Witnessing a growing number of TV representations of masculine girls and women worldwide, we present a summary of the four articles which comprise this themed Forum and address a number of key issues in their case studies, including televisual imaginaries of heterosexual, masculine women, the cultural legitimization of global female masculinities on reality TV, and the racialization and stigmatization of masculine women in White heteronormative societies. The Forum thus promotes a critical dialogue that aims to stimulate further interest in this interdisciplinary field by emphasizing the mutual implications of gendered TV genres and tropes, cross-cultural currents of gender, sexual, and racial knowledge and politics, and the intersectionality of female gender, sexuality, race, and nationality in TV representations.

Holograms of a 3D object synthesized at the receiving end of the communication channel in Dot Matrix technology

The manuscript presents experimental results on the recording and restoration of 3D holographic frames suitable for transmitting 3D holographic images with the frame rate required for TV images and the resolution of the Full HD standard and higher. The method is based on the previously proposed technology for recording and transmitting a depth map and surface texture of the holographic object over the communication channel and digital synthesis of the hologram at the receiving end of the communication channel. The obtained result reduces the frequency band required for the transmission of 3D holographic information, similar to SSB technology, since the carrier spatial frequency of the hologram in this method is not transmitted through the communication channel, but is synthesized in the hologram already at its receiving end. Experimental results of hologram synthesis at the receiving end of the communication channel in DotMatrix technology are presented. The method considered in this manuscript is convenient for multiplexing 3D images, transferring them from one part of the electromagnetic spectrum to another, as well as for creating hyperspectral images. The work implements the technology of a holographic phototelegraph, which, when using high-speed dynamic holographic monitors, can solve the problems of creating 3D TV and augmented reality.

Parameter space study of optimal scale-dependent weights in TV image denoising

We investigate the choice of finite-dimensional parameter spaces within a bilevel optimization framework for selecting scale-dependent weights in total variation image denoising with non-uniform noise. Due to the pointwise box constraints on the parameter function, we prove existence of Lagrange multipliers in low regularity spaces, and derive a first-order optimality system. To cope with the difficulties related to the lack of regularity, a Moreau-Yosida regularization is introduced and convergence of the regularized optimal parameters towards the optimal weight for the original problem is verified. For each regularized bilevel problem a second-order quasi-Newton algorithm is proposed, together with a semismooth Newton scheme for solving the lower-level problem. Finally, several numerical tests are carried out to compare the different parameter space choices and draw some conclusions.

Recording a Hologram Transmitted over a Communication Channel on One Sideband

The paper presents experimental results on the recording and restoration of 3D holographic frames suitable for transmitting 3D holographic images with the frame rate required for TV images and a resolution of the Full HD standard and higher. The Patent RF No. 2707582 proposed a method for compressing holographic information and transmitting it using a procedure similar to SSB over conventional communication channels. In this work, the holographic information of a 3D portrait of a person, transmitted and received via the Wi-Fi communication channel, was restored in the form of a rainbow hologram, as one of a variety of holograms, by the computer addition of the carrier spatial frequency, and then hologram was actually produced on a photoresist. This technology can be used to create a holographic phototelegraph or, if there is a dynamic holographic display, to create a holographic television and 3D augmented reality.

DVL2021: An ultra high definition video dataset for perceptual quality study

This paper describes an ultra high definition (UHD) video dataset named DVL2021 for the perceptual study of video quality assessment (VQA). To our knowledge, DVL2021 is the first authentically distorted 4K (3840 × 2160) UHD video quality dataset. The dataset contains 206 versatile 4K UHD video sequences, which are all collected in in-the-wild scenarios. Each sequence is captured at 50 frames per second (fps), stored in raw 10-bit 4:2:0 YUV format, and has a duration of 10 s. Following the subjective evaluation method of TV image quality granted by ITU-R BT.500-13, 32 unique participants take part in the manual annotation process, whose ages are from teenage to sixties (32.7 years old on average). DVL2021 has the following merits: (1) enormous variety of video contents, (2) captured by different types of cameras, (3) complex types and multiple levels of authentic distortion, (4) broadly distributed temporal/spatial information, and (5) a wide spectrum of mean opinion scores (MOS) distribution. Furthermore, we conduct a benchmark experiment by evaluating several mainstream VQA methods on DVL2021. The baseline results are higher than 0.75 in Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient (SROCC) metric. Our study provides a basis for the UHD VQA problem. DVL2021 is publicly available at https://github.com/GZHU-DVL/DVL2021.

Iterative methods for solving managed problems of the television image processing

The article describes the most important issues of the formation of digital television images. They are based on improving the control system for image processing processes, methods of numerical models and algorithms for solving problems of filtering various digital television images using Fourier and Wavelet methods. In this area, targeted scientific research has been carried out. It is aimed at improving the method of classification and selection of criteria for monitoring and evaluating image quality, methods for controlling image clarity at given values of medium-intensity pixels, creating algorithms for modeling the image processing process. This allows perfecting the methods for controlling the processes of ensuring the level of clarity of the TV image.

Relationships of TV exposure and images of people with disabilities

Relationships of TV exposure and images of people with disabilities

The application of short-wall block backfill mining to preserve surface water resources in northwest China

As one of main directions of green mining, short-wall block backfill mining (SBBM) could provide active control of water-conducting fractures development and strata movement. Furthermore, it could solve the problem of gangue accumulation on surface. According to the physical similarity criterion and the characteristics of SBBM technology, the protection effect for surface water resources of SBBM was studied by physical similarity simulation tests. The results of tests had shown that SBBM decreased the water-conducting fractures development caused by strata movement after coal mining, and it has a significant effect in protecting surface water resources above the working face. Therefore, based on movement characteristics of overlying strata using SBBM, a mechanical analysis model was established under SBBM for a superimposed beams in elastic foundation with extended water-conducting fractures in overlying strata, furthermore, a method to calculate the height of water-conducting fractured zone (HWFZ) in SBBM was given, and the mechanical mechanism of water-conducting fractures development in overlying strata was revealed. The calculated HWFZ after SBM was only 2.0 m according to the mechanical model, whereas the measured HWFZ of the washing fluid loss and drilling TV imaging was 6.3 m in experimental SBBM working face. The field-measured data was closely consistent with the results of the tests (7.9 m) and the mechanical calculation (2.0 m), which verified the accuracy of physical similarity simulation tests and the mechanical model. The results of the study will enhance the recovery rate of coal resources, and they have a significant for protection of the ecological environment.

Research on TV imaging casing damage detection and classification method based on C4.5 decision tree

The casing damage is one of the important problems in oilfield development. The television imaging technology can get enough images of the inner wall of casing to detect the casing, but the efficiency of manually identifying the images is very low. Through the mapping relationship between image and casing damage type, the image features can be obtained. Then, the continuous data threshold selection of C4.5 decision tree algorithm is improved. Finally, the improved C4.5 decision tree algorithm is used to classify casing damage types. Experimental results show that the detection and classification method proposed in this paper can be well implemented.

An Advanced TV Program Logo Processing Algorithm for Preventing OLED TV Image Sticking

An Advanced TV Program Logo Processing Algorithm for Preventing OLED TV Image Sticking

An Advanced TV Program Logo Processing Algorithm for Preventing OLED TV Image Sticking

An Advanced TV Program Logo Processing Algorithm for Preventing OLED TV Image Sticking

Applying fuzzy theory in selecting the image quality factors of 3D televisions

With the promotion of technology, state-of-the-art TVs already possess the functions of 3D. This study applied fuzzy theory to construct a hierarchy of 3D TV image quality factors and got the weights for each of them. Several 3D TV image quality factors were selected based on a review of the literature. A fuzzy c-means algorithm was then used to classify these factors into the criteria, and the hierarchy of the fuzzy analytic network process (ANP) was established. Thirty participants were recruited to conduct the questionnaire survey and the rating of the overall ergonomics. Using the calculation of fuzzy ANP, the weights for 3D TV image quality factors and different brands of 3D TVs were obtained. The results indicated that binocular disparity, crosstalk, and resolution were the three most important factors affecting 3D TV image quality. Therefore, 3D TV manufacturers could consider these important factors in future 3D TV product designs in order to promote customers’ purchase intention. Relevance to industryBased on the results obtained from fuzzy ANP, this study found that the three most important factors affecting 3D TV image quality are binocular disparity, crosstalk, and resolution. The results of this study could serve as a reference for 3D TV manufacturers in designing future products.