TV Group Research Articles

Long term follow up of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: is subcutaneous the way forward?

Abstract Introduction Young patients have greater risks of longer-term complications including inappropriate therapy (IT) from Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD) than older ICD patients. In prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), these complications are critical in determining treatment thresholds. When comparing transvenous ICDs (TV), subcutaneous ICDs (SICD) may have different risks & benefits that define their relative utility. We investigated TV & SICD outcomes in a propensity matched cohort of HCM patients. Methods We used electronic health records in a retrospective study of HCM patients receiving an ICD between 2006-22 at tertiary centre. Indications for ICD implantation, including type of device, were determined by the treating cardiomyopathy team according to ESC guidance. All TV device types were included & eligibility for SICD included passing screening in at least 1 sensing vector. Outcome data included patients lost to follow-up until the last device check & patients who had both device types were included twice. Patients were censored after their first IT for an analysis of IT, & their first ‘ICD complication’ for that analysis. ICD complications are defined as all other complications that resulted in a re-intervention procedure (excl SICD battery advisory), or extra procedure at box change. The audit was registered with local institutional review board for ethical approval. Propensity scoring was used for stratification and covariate adjustment. Matching was conducted using the 12 baseline variables. Associations with IT, ICD complications and their composite were assessed using proportional hazard regression (Cox) models, with time to event starting at implant date. Univariable & multivariable regression analyses were used as appropriate. Hazard ratios (HRs) of 95% confidence intervals were estimated by fitting a model with the propensity score and dichotomous variable (TV vs SICD). A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were conducted using R- Version 2023.06.0+421. Results Mean age was 55±14.2 years with follow-up of 73±63 months; 70.7% were male. Of a total of 611 patients, with 469 in the TV group & 164 in the SICD. SICD patients had fewer complications, with no differences in IT across all and propensity matched analyses (CI 0.64), fig 1. Conclusion In HCM, when compared to TV, SICDs are associated with fewer ICD complications & not associated with more frequent IT. Intriguingly, there was a higher rate of IT with the first generation SICD, causing the wide IT errors at longer durations. Complications over long term follow up require more assessment, but the absence of TV lead intervention creates reduced risks for SICD complications. In HCM patients without pacing needs, SICDs may be preferred for HCM-SCD prevention. In addition, the lower risks associated with SICD could lead to lower treatment thresholds for people with elevated lifetime HCM-SCD risk.

Application test for betterment in the self-care of diabetic patients: a study in virtual messages under the NPT perspective

With the increase in chronic diseases that can be linked to bad habits, communication technologies improve the quality of life and health status of patients. We sought to understand how a digital TV application and Smartphones can improve care for e-Health intervention patients through persuasive content, increasing health literacy levels in people with diabetes through elements of the Normalization Process Theory (NPT). An experimental exploratory study was carried out, through quantitative and qualitative research, in three groups of patients with diabetes (28 in total - 10 in the Control Group, 9 in the Smartphone Group and 9 in the Digital TV Group), in Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil, including 7 health professionals (4 dentists and 3 nurses) who deal with these patients in the municipality. The application was accepted in both groups by users and professionals, all the while showing a tendency of increasing the literacy and persuasion among the users. From the NPT perspective, the issues of implementing a complex intervention, its incorporation and optimization of systems showed themselves efficient for the betterment of self-care through the use of technology. It was noticed that the users' self-management of the disease and behavior improved; however, it was pointed out that the help and participation of healthcare professionals in needed for better credibility, persuasion, effectiveness and efficacy of the messages. It should be noted that they are content adjustments to improve literacy indicators.

Early-age thermal manipulation and supplemental antioxidants on physiological, biochemical and productive performance of broiler chickens in hot-tropical environments

Heat stress has been ranked as a critical environmental issue confronting chicken farmers worldwide because of its detrimental effect on the growth, performance and health of the birds. This study evaluated the effects of early-age thermal manipulation (EATC) and supplemental antioxidants on the physiological responses of broilers in a hot tropical environment. A total of 300 day-old Ross broiler chicks were allocated to five thermal and dietary treatments, having 5 replicates of twelve birds each. The treatments were: chicks reared using the conventional method (CC), chicks exposed to early thermal manipulation with a temperature of 38 °C at day 5 with no antioxidant supplementation (TC), TC plus vitamin E at 250 mg/kg of feed (TV), TC plus selenium at 0.5 mg/kg of feed (TS) and the combination of TS and TV(TVS). The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design and data collected were analyzed using SAS (2008). The results showed that TVS broilers had significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weights at the finisher phase than the other treatment groups. The feed conversion ratio of TVS broilers was comparable to the TV group but lower (P < 0.05) than the other treatments. Reduced levels (P < 0.05) of heterophil, lymphocytes and hetrophil and lymphocyte ratio were recorded in the TVS compared to TV, TS and TC broilers. On day 42, the rectal temperature was significantly higher in CC than those in other treatment groups, which were comparable. TVS birds had higher (P < 0.05) weights of spleen, liver and lower abdominal fat than other treatments. The lowest concentration of plasma malondialdehyde and the highest activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were recorded in TV and TVS birds. The study concluded that the growth performance and oxidative status in broilers were improved by the combination of EATC with supplemental Se and vitamin E (TVS).

Relationship between TV Watching during Childhood and Adolescence, and Artery Function in Adulthood.

Artery dysfunction is an early, integral stage in atherogenesis that predicts future cardiovascular events. Sedentary behavior, such as TV watching, is highly prevalent and associated with increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated whether patterns of TV watching throughout childhood and adolescence were associated with artery function in adulthood. TV watching data were collected when participants of the Raine Study were aged 5, 8, 10, 14, 17, and 20 yr. Previous latent class analysis indicated three trajectory groups of TV watching: low TV (<14 h·wk -1 ), high TV (>14 h·wk -1 ), and increasing TV (change from low TV to high TV). At age 28 yr, participants were invited to undergo tests of brachial and femoral artery function by flow-mediated dilation (FMD). General linear models examined differences in artery function between TV trajectory groups for men and women. Five hundred sixty participants (n = 261 women, n = 299 men) were included in the study. In women, the low TV group had significantly greater femoral artery FMD (10.8 ± 1.6%) than both High TV (9.0 ± 1.3%, P = 0.005) and Increasing TV groups (8.5 ± 1.3%, P < 0.001); these results were maintained following mediation analysis, including contemporaneous risk factors. There were no significant differences in femoral artery FMD between TV trajectory groups in men ( P = 0.955). This study suggests that TV watching behaviors during childhood and adolescence may have legacy impacts on artery function at age 28 yr, particularly in women. This may increase the risk of atherosclerotic vascular pathologies in later life.

The effect intraoperative positive end expiratory pressure and tidal volume on postoperative acute kidney injury after orthopedic surgery.

To test whether higher intraoperative PEEP levels and/or higher TV levels are associated with higher incidence of postoperative AKI within the first postoperative week, in adult patients having orthopedic surgeries under general anesthesia. We conducted a sub analysis of a non-randomized alternating intervention cross over study performed in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia at Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. We included four different combinations of PEEP (5 or 8 cm H2 O) and TV (6 or 10 mL/kg of PBW) that alternated each week in the six orthopedic operating rooms. Our primary outcome was postoperative AKI defined by the KDIGO criteria with baseline creatinine as the closest preoperative value to the time of surgery obtained within 30 days and postoperative value as the highest creatinine value within 7 days after surgery. Secondary outcome was the maximum postoperative in-hospital creatinine level within seven postoperative days. A total of 1933 patients were included in the analysis. The incidence of AKI was 6.8% in the study population and similar in high TV versus low TV group and high PEEP versus low PEEP group. Neither TV nor PEEP significantly impacted AKI incidence. The estimated odds ratio of AKI comparing TV = 6 mL/kg to TV = 10 mL/kg was 0.96 (97.5% CI: 0.63, 1.46; p = .811); while the estimated odds ratio of AKI comparing PEEP = 5cm H2 O to PEEP = 8cm H2 O was 0.92 (97.5% CI: 0.60, 1.39; p = .623). No interaction was found between TV and PEEP on AKI. Additionally, neither TV nor PEEP had a significant effect on the seven postoperative day creatinine levels. Higher levels of PEEP or TV during mechanical ventilation in adult patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries under general anesthesia do not increase the odds of developing postoperative AKI within the narrow limits studied.

The effect of background audio and audiovisual stimuli on students' autonomic responses during and after an experimental academic examination.

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown during the online-distant education period, certain students tended to combine their courses and homework with TV or social media news or other media content, such as classical music, including a wealth of audio and audiovisual stimuli. As the audio and audiovisual stimuli existing in a learning environment may affect students' autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses negatively, the present study aimed to monitor the impact of background TV, classical music, and silence on students' ANS activity represented by heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), blood volume amplitude (BVA), and skin conductance level (SCL) during and after an experimental academic examination. Seventy-six students were randomly allocated to background TV, classical music, or silence groups. The experiment with repeated measures design consisted of four consecutive periods: baseline, anticipation, challenge, and recovery, lasting 4 min each. Within-subject analyses indicated significant HRV decrement only in the background TV group. Regardless of the experimental groups, HR and SCL increased while BVA decreased during the task. In addition, the between-subject analysis showed that the background TV group experienced significantly larger changes in HR and HRV parameters compared to the other experimental groups relative to their respective baseline measurements. Based on these results, we concluded that relative to classical music and silence, background TV, including audiovisual and verbal stimuli, extant in a learning environment might raise students' sympathetic activity. Further, classical music, without lyrics, may suppress the withdrawal of vagal activity and elevate the autonomic regulation capacity during the academic reading comprehension task. HRV is a more valid and reliable indicator of students' autonomic responses during a challenging academic task.

Validation of two preoxygenation techniques, 3 min tidal volume breath and eight vital capacity breath techniques in tribal and non-tribal population of Eastern India

Background: Preoxygenation during anesthesia can be done by 3 min tidal volume breath and eight vital capacity breath in 1 min, conventionally. Population of our country is not homogenous. Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to validate preoxygenation processes in people of eastern India. Materials and Methods: Total 140 patients of ASA grade I and II, age group 20–50 posted for surgeries under GA were allotted in TV and VC group. Every odd number and even number patient was tested for TV method and VC method, respectively, with a Magill circuit and airtight face mask with 100% oxygen flow at a rate of 10 L/min. Time and number of breaths were noted when end tidal oxygen concentration ≥90% in TV and VC group, respectively. Results: In TV method, the mean time (in minute) was 3.10±0.27 and 3.13±0.24 for tribal and non-tribal sub-group (P=0.80); 3.02±0.37 and 3.10±0.27 for tribal and non-tribal male (P=0.57); and 3.18±0.05 and 3.16±0.21 for tribal and non-tribal female (P=0.57). In VC method, mean number of VC breaths was 8.32±0.60 and 8.43±0.74 for tribal and non-tribal sub-group (P=0.76); 8.75±0.49 and 8.23±0.70 for tribal and non-tribal male (P=0.42); and 8.20±0.60 and 8.60±0.72 for tribal and non-tribal female (P=0.16). Patients completing preoxygenation in TV and VC method – tribal: 22% and 53%, non-tribal: 4% and 62%, tribal male: 22% and 20%, non-tribal male: 8% and 68%, tribal female: 0% and 60%, and non-tribal female: 0 and 57%, respectively. Conclusion: No significant difference found between tribal and non-tribal groups of both sexes in each method. Completion of preoxygenation was higher in VC group, though not tested statistically.

Atorvastatin Can Modulate DNA Damage Repair in Endothelial Cells Exposed to Mitomycin C

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used in the therapy of atherosclerosis and have a number of pleiotropic effects, including DNA repair regulation. We studied the cytogenetic damage and the expression of DNA repair genes (DDB1, ERCC4, and ERCC5) in human coronary artery (HCAEC) and internal thoracic artery endothelial cells (HITAEC) in vitro exposed to mitomycin C (MMC) (positive control), MMC and atorvastatin (MMC+Atv), MMC followed by atorvastatin treatment (MMC/Atv) and 0.9% NaCl (negative control). MMC/Atv treated HCAEC were characterized by significantly decreased micronuclei (MN) frequency compared to the MMC+Atv group and increased nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) frequency compared to both MMC+Atv treated cells and positive control; DDB1, ERCC4, and ERCC5 genes were upregulated in MMC+Atv and MMC/Atv treated HCAEC in comparison with the positive control. MMC+Atv treated HITAEC were characterized by reduced MN frequency compared to positive control and decreased NPBs frequency in comparison with both the positive control and MMC/Atv group. Nuclear buds (NBUDs) frequency was significantly lower in MMC/Atv treated cells than in the positive control. The DDB1 gene was downregulated in the MMC+Atv group compared to the positive control, and the ERCC5 gene was upregulated in MMC/Atv group compared to both the positive control and MMC+Atv group. We propose that atorvastatin can modulate the DNA damage repair response in primary human endothelial cells exposed to MMC in a cell line- and incubation scheme-dependent manner that can be extremely important for understanding the fundamental aspects of pleoitropic action of atorvastatin and can also be used to correct the therapy of patients with atherosclerosis characterized by a high genotoxic load.

Effects of Recruitment Maneuvers on Oxygenation and Intracranial Pressure in the Experimental ARDS Model.

The most efficient recruitment maneuver (RM) for oxygenation in patients under mechanical circulatory support with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been described yet. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of three recruitment maneuvers on oxygenation and intracranial pressure. 20 sheep have been randomly grouped as follows: ARDS control, ARDS+TV(Tidal Volume), ARDS+CPAP(Continuous Positive Airway Pressure), ARDS+PEEP(Positive End Expiratory Pressure). Arterial blood gas tests have been done before ARDS, after ARDS, and 5,10, and 30 minutes after the maneuver. Intracranial pressures had been followed up. There was a statistically significant increase in Pa02 (Partial arterial oxygen pressure) values in all groups 5 minutes after RM (P > 0,01). There was a statistically increase in Pa02 values in all groups 10 and 30 minutes after the RM (P > 0,01). TV group had significantly more increase in PaO2 increase at the 30th the other groups (P > 0,01). CPAP group had more increase in intracranial pressures just after the RM and at 5 and 10 minutes after the RM. This increase was statistically significant (P > 0,01). All groups had similar intracranial pressure values 30 minutes after the RM. There was no statiscally signifciant difference between the groups (P > 0,05). ICP monitorisation should be carried out in patients with ARDS while performing recruitment maneuvers.

Is less always more? A prospective two-centre study addressing clinical outcomes in leadless versus transvenous single-chamber pacemaker recipients

Abstract Background Transvenous (TV) pacemakers are a well established treatment of bradyarrhythmias yet their complications, namely bleeding, infection and pneumothorax, still pose challenges to modern cardiology. This applies particularly to the older patient subgroup requiring single-chamber pacing due to comorbid atrial fibrillation (AF). Furthermore, conditions such as superior venous access issues, high infectious, or bleeding risk may complicate or preclude transvenous lead implantation. While VVIR leadless (LL) pacemakers aim to tackle these shortcomings, a comparison with contemporary single-chamber TV cohorts is currently lacking thus hindering a clear definition of the scope of LL pacing in clinical practice. Purpose To prospectively analyse survival and complication rates in leadless versus transvenous single-chamber pacemaker recipients. Methods This is a prospective analysis of 344 consecutive patients who received single-chamber TV or LL pacemakers between June 2015 and May 2021 in two tertiary cardiology centres. Indications for single-chamber pacing were “slow” AF, atrio-ventricular block with comorbid AF (either permanent or accepted as “destination rhythm”) or with sinus rhythm in bedridden cognitively impaired patients. LL indications were ongoing or expected chronic haemodialysis (6.9%), superior venous access issues such as occlusion (11.1%) or need for its preservation (9.7%), active lifestyle with low amount of pacing expected (22.2%), frailty causing high bleeding and infectious risk (23.6%), as well as recent valvular endocarditis (2.8%) or implantable electronic device infection requiring extraction (5.6%). Results 72 patients (20.9%) received LL and 272 (79.1%) TV single-chamber pacemakers. In keeping with LL indications, diabetes and ongoing haemodialysis were more prevalent in the LL population. No significant difference in overall complication rate was observed between LL and TV patients (5.6% vs. 5.1%, p=0.33) apart from haematomas, which occurred more frequently in the LL population. Only 1 haematoma in the TV group required surgical reintervention. TV recipients survival was lower with greater cardiovascular mortality, likely due to selection of significantly older patients. Conclusions Given the limited complication rate observed in this contemporary single-chamber TV cohort and low life expectancy of this particular population, extending LL indications to all VVIR candidates is unlikely to provide a clearcut survival advantage. Considering the higher costs of LL technology, these data prompt a careful selection of those cases where LL approach does indeed provide an advantage. In addition to the setting of vascular access issues and high bleeding or infectious risk, these may include patients with sufficient life expectancy where lead-related risks may indeed adversely affect prognosis. Based on our patient selection criteria, LL might account for approximately 20% of VVIR pacing recipients. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

New Perspectives in Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology: Information in Human and Biological Structures

Information is a largely used concept in our informational era, mostly by communications in written papers, TV, radio, internet and inter-personal or group communication via computers/ laptops and especially through our portable intelligent devices - the smartphones. Understood as “news”, information and the connection to information became already a new form of consumption during our daily professional and private activities, as much as the foods consumption.

Impact of Telemedicine Modalities on Equitable Access to Ambulatory Gastroenterology Care

Impact of Telemedicine Modalities on Equitable Access to Ambulatory Gastroenterology Care

1226-P: Effectiveness of Frequency of Visits in the Internet plus Diabetes Shared Care Clinic on Glucose Improvement in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Analysis

Background: Patients with diabetes need DSMS on the basis of systematic comprehensive management. However, there is no recommendation on how often regular follow-up visits patients should receive in China. Objectives: To explore the effectiveness of frequency of visits in the Internet plus Diabetes Shared Care (IDSC) clinic on glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes followed-up more than 2 years. Design: A retrospective single-center hospital-based propensity scores weighting (PSW) real-world analysis. Methods: IDSC in Peking University First Hospital (PKUFH) provided individualized, systematic and continuous management with off-line and on-line support. Adult patients with type 2 diabetes who received at least second follow-up visit in IDSC clinic in the first semester of 2018 were eligible. All subjects were divided into three groups by actual follow-up visit times within 2018 Jan to 2019 Jan. Age, gender, diabetes duration, baseline metabolic profiles (BMI, HbA1c, LDL-c, BP), baseline Insulin usage and baseline costs of antidiabetic drugs were used as covariates for three-group PSW analysis to compare the average treatment effect in the population (ATE) of HbA1c in each group at 1-year and 2-year follow up. Result: A total of 496 eligible subjects were included [Fv group (Four visits/y) n=330, Tv group (Three visits/y) n=128, TLv group (Two or Less visits/y) n=38]. After PSW, HbA1c of Fv group was improved in trend at 1-year follow up compared with Tv group (-0.25%, p=0.05) and TLv group (-0.34%, p=0.06) but was significantly improved at 2-year follow up (-0.34%, p=0.01 for Tv group; -0.55%, p=0.008 for TLv group). There was no significant difference in HbA1c between the Tv group and TLv groups at neither 1-year and 2-year follow-up. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that regularly followed-up in IDSC clinic at least 4 times/year could efficiently improve glycemic control of among patients with type 2 diabetes. Disclosure A. Li: None. W. Zhang: Employee; Self; iHealth Labs. X. Guo: None. J. Zhang: None.

Managing paradoxes of innovation in an Indonesian TV group

The biggest challenge faced by TMTs (top management teams) is the management of paradoxes between the exploitation of existing products in pursuit of incremental innovation and the exploration of more radical innovation opportunities. Lessons on paradox management can be learned from a group of Indonesian TV stations in which levels of innovation and high financial performance have been maintained from the group’s beginning. A grounded, interpretive approach was selected to answer the research question, with findings offering an alternative framework to examine tensions between the exploitation and exploration options and how choices between the two are made in the course of day-to-day operations. Our approach was to present nested paradoxes of innovation: in programme management between the idealistic and the commercial extremes and in talent management between bringing in the old and bringing in the new. A battery model of innovation was conceived to create an organisational culture that would equip an organisation to manage the paradox(es) it faces. The model provides greater understanding of how organisational culture provides the context for solutions to the innovative paradox.

Effects of Watching Cartoons During an Echocardiography on Infants and Preschool Children. A Prospective Randomized Study.

Echocardiography is currently the main diagnostic technique in pediatric cardiology, but sometimes it is difficult to use in very young children, as a complete and accurate study depends on the patient's and family's cooperation. Children's behavior is one of the main problems for this procedure, and interventions like sedative medication have been used to facilitate its performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of TV entertainment in infants and preschool children during echocardiography. We designed an experimental study in children with a heart murmur. An examination room was prepared with a TV on the ceiling, giving the children an unobstructed view during the echocardiography procedure. Fifty-eight patients were randomized into two groups: TV intervention vs. usual care (consisting of other distraction measures). The primary outcome was echocardiography time, but we also assessed blood pressure, quality of technique, child behavior, and parents' stress level. The TV group showed a statistically significant reduction in duration of the echocardiography and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as better quality of technique and child behavior. Consequently, we recommend the use of a TV as a simple and useful distraction method for improving echocardiography in young children.

Pain inhibition through transplantation of fetal neuronal progenitors into the injured spinal cord in rats.

Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex condition that responds poorly to usual treatments. Cell transplantation represents a promising therapy; nevertheless, the ideal cell type in terms of neurogenic potential and effectiveness against pain remains largely controversial. Here, we evaluated the ability of fetal neural stem cells (fNSC) to relieve chronic pain and, secondarily, their effects on motor recovery. Adult Wistar rats with traumatic SCI were treated, 10 days after injury, with intra-spinal injections of culture medium (sham) or fNSCs extracted from telencephalic vesicles (TV group) or the ventral medulla (VM group) of E/14 embryos. Sensory (von Frey filaments and hot plate) and motor (the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale and inclined plane test) assessments were performed during 8 weeks. Thereafter, spinal cords were processed for immunofluorescence and transplanted cells were quantified by stereology. The results showed improvement of thermal hyperalgesia in the TV and VM groups at 4 and 5 weeks after transplantation, respectively. Moreover, mechanical allodynia improved in both the TV and VM groups at 8 weeks. No significant motor recovery was observed in the TV or VM groups compared with sham. Stereological analyses showed that ~70% of TV and VM cells differentiated into NeuN+ neurons, with a high proportion of enkephalinergic and GABAergic cells in the TV group and enkephalinergic and serotoninergic cells in the VM group. Our study suggests that neuronal precursors from TV and VM, once implanted into the injured spinal cord, maturate into different neuronal subtypes, mainly GABAergic, serotoninergic, and enkephalinergic, and all subtypes alleviate pain, despite no significant motor recovery. The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo (protocol number 033/14) on March 4, 2016.

Dietary preferences for food items among children of age 5-10 years in a rural area of Perambalur district, South India

Background: Appropriate nutrition in early childhood plays an important role in normal growth and development, as well as on the long-term health of individuals. There is increasing recognition that dietary pattern better reflects the overall quality of the diet. The dietary pattern has been shown to be associated with nutrient intakes and linked to chronic diseases including obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in children. The aim of the study was to assess the dietary preferences for food items (vegetables, fruits, meat, milk products, snacks and starch) among children of age 5-10 years in the rural area of Perambalur district, South India.Methods: Six food categories (vegetables, fruits, meat, milk products, snacks and starch) were included in the questionnaire to study the dietary preferences of the child. Data were entered into a Microsoft Excel worksheet and analysed for frequencies and percentages. Mean score and its standard deviation were calculated for individual food items.Results: The study shows that most of the children prefer milk/milk products with a highest mean score of 3.94 followed by a preference for snacks. Most avoided food were vegetables, followed by meat and meat products. The overall score was found to be low for all the categories of food among children who prefer mobile compared to TV and outdoor group. But this difference was not statistically significant. This difference was close to 0.05 only in vegetable group category.Conclusions: The results will help in planning the nutritional counselling programmes for children. These findings have to be further correlated with the nutritional status of the individual children and deficiencies if any.

Anticoccidial effect of apple cider vinegar on broiler chicken: an organic treatment to measure anti-oxidant effect.

The objective of this study was to investigate the anticoccidial effect of apple cider vinegar added to drinking water with the anticoccidial effect of amprolium to feed broiler chicken. The study has adopted an observational approach to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of apple cider vinegar on broiler chicken. The antioxidative changes were measured adding natural apple cider vinegar to drinking water. Four hundred and fifty broiler chickens were purchased from the local market and distributed into three groups (T+vc: positive control, T-vc: negative control Tv: apple cider vinegar) with 150 chickens in each group. The three groups were further replicated into 3 blocks each containing 50 chickens. The groups were fed balanced diet, amprolium was added to the feed of positive control group, and apple cider vinegar was added to the water of Tv group. Measurements of the different variables were started from week 3, at the end of each week 3 birds were chosen randomly, blood samples were collected via the wing vein, and fecal oocysts were counted from intestinal contents of each individual bird using the McMaster technique. Broiler in the control groups T+ve and T-ve showed clinical signs of coccidiosis (blood in feces) and the number of coccidial oocytes in feces increased with time. In the vinegar group, no clinical signs of coccidiosis were observed. Concentrations of total antioxidants and catalase enzyme activity significantly increased (p≤0.05); while malondialdehyde concentration significantly decreased (p≤0.05).

Update from the Standards Vice President: Standards for UHD, HDR, and WCG

<fig orientation="portrait" position="float" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <graphic orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="devli-2808979.tif"/> </fig> “ <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Forget HD! You want to upgrade to UHD HDR!</i> ” was the third comment in the Facebook thread on my timeline the other night. Usually I would let those comments slide but this time, my interest was engaged. This wasn’t a professional TV group, this was a community group for one of my small neighboring villages in the U.K. with about 2000 inhabitants. The conversation usually covers pubs, potholes, farming, and the local school, so a mention of high dynamic range (HDR) was very strange indeed.

Framing Strategic News from The Perspective of Media Organizations in Malaysia

Strategic news is published news with an implied agenda without explaining the truth. Nowadays, most media are more comfortable playing tug of war in their writing than telling the truth because of the news framing process. The process of generating strategic news is done by journalists and editors of a media organization by conducting the franchise process first to enable them to reach the target audience. Framing news is the cause for the reader's shift of understanding of news framed by the newspaper until the community's perception has been successfully changed. This study utilizes a qualitative method; three personality and media experts were interviewed to obtain relevant data regarding media agenda, framing and strategic news. The informants were from media conglomerates in Malaysia – Media Prima, Bernama TV and former Berita Harian Group Editor-inChief. The exploration of media practioner perspectives on news writing and framing allowed the researcher to delve into fundamental questions in journalism, specifically in the fragment of journalism ethics. The findings show that the framing of an issue was both deliberate and unintentional. Strategic news is the result of the interconnections between media agenda, ethics and journalism, editor responsibility and news framing, and manipulation by the media to advocate the success of the government’s mission and vision. Keywords: Strategic news, news framing, journalism ethics, media organizations, Malaysia.