Trust Relationships Research Articles

Ingredients of successful therapeutic relationships with foster youth according to key stakeholders in child welfare: A grounded theory analysis.

Foster youth reportedly have a significant need for mental health services and the quality of the therapeutic relationship can influence service engagement. We employed grounded theory methods to conduct interviews and focus groups with 48 key stakeholders in child welfare to deepen our theoretical understanding of therapeutic relationships with foster youth. The central theory that emerged was that a successful therapeutic relationship is an essential ingredient of the healing process for current and former foster youth. Participants identified hindrances to a successful therapeutic relationship, such as when therapist mishandles countertransference or inappropriately uses self-disclosure, as well as what therapists can do to build a successful therapeutic relationship, such as when a therapist fosters a secure attachment and promotes client agency. The findings offer insight into some of the important facets of building and maintaining a trusting and successful therapeutic relationship with current and former foster youth.

Social network group decision-making method based on stochastic multi-criteria acceptability analysis for probabilistic linguistic term sets

In social network group decision-making (SNGDM) problems, decision-makers (DMs) often express their opinions or preferences using probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs). In this paper, a novel SNGDM method for probabilistic linguistic information is proposed. Firstly, to obtain the prioritization of DMs in the clustering process, a DM clustering method for SNGDM is developed considering the influence of trust relationships and opinions similarity among DMs. Then, to satisfy the requirements of the consensus reaching process in SNGDM, a dynamic consensus threshold calculation method based on an optimization model is introduced. Furthermore, in the consensus measure stage, a novel consensus measure method for both DMs and subgroups is proposed, using a stochastic multi-criteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) method. Based on the consensus measure method, a novel SNGDM method based on SMAA for PLTSs is proposed. Finally, a case study of service quality evaluation in institutional pensions is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results of case show that the proposed method can adjust consensus thresholds dynamically based on each round of collective opinions, and can solve the SNGDM problems when DMs can not provide their preferences for criteria weights.

A dual-level consensus model for large-scale group decision-making driven by trust relationships in social networks

In large-scale group decision-making, obtaining reasonable and reliable decision results is the research focus. To this end, a dual-level consensus model for large-scale group decision-making is constructed. In the model, we first presented a method for measuring the two-dimensional similarity between decision-makers. The method considered the opinion similarity at evaluation scales and ranking results level, which provided a more comprehensive measure of the opinion differences between decision-makers. A hierarchical clustering algorithm based on the two-dimensional similarity-trust matrix is proposed. By considering the two-dimensional similarity and trust relationships among decision-makers, the method contributed to the formation of subgroups with excellent cooperative and communicative atmospheres. Furthermore, we introduced a dual-level consensus measures method to comprehensively and accurately assess the group consensus level. To increase the efficiency of decision-making and the satisfaction of decision-makers, we proposed a personalized feedback adjustment mechanism for decision-makers. Additionally, for the subgroups that have not reached consensus, a social networks DeGroot model is constructed to adjust the opinion of subgroups. Finally, a case study of low-carbon supplier selection verified the feasibility and applicability of the model. The effectiveness and superiority of the model are demonstrated by comparative and simulation analysis. The analysis results show that the model is conducive to promoting cooperation and coordination among decision-makers and obtaining highly acceptable and quality decision results.

Structures of Trust and the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract Sinhala Buddhists in inner-city Colombo, Sri Lanka, turned to local- and national-level structures of trust in their quest to stay safe and mitigate suffering during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explore this through an ethnographic case study of the Sri Narada temple in Narahenpita and a textual analysis of the national government’s response to the pandemic. Our research shows that both the temple and national government advocated similar pathways to immunity, including vaccination, Ayurveda, and Buddhism. We argue that in both instances, conceptions of health are plural and relational and embedded in the broader social context, as opposed to individualist notions of health. They also encompass moral issues around social service, merit, and what it means to be a “good” Buddhist. However, these common pathways led to dissimilar outcomes, mediated by qualitatively different relations of trust.

Understanding Knowledge Mobilisation between Community Champions and Parents: Evidence from a Community-Based Programme to Support Parents with Young Children.

Community champions have been employed across various settings to disseminate evidence-based public health information. The Building Babies' Brains programme trains champions to work with parents in communities, equipping them with child development knowledge and parental engagement strategies. We explored what makes community champions effective in distributing information to parents, including how the champion-parent relationship and champions' personal characteristics affect information dissemination. Champions included both peers and professionals working with parents in target communities. We administered an online survey (n = 53) and follow-up interviews (n = 14) with champions, with representation from across all training cohorts. We conducted a realist-informed reflexive thematic analysis to generate themes in the data and highlight the contexts, mechanisms, and outcome patterns identified. We observed 15 Context-Mechanism-Outcome configurations across five themes: information sharing opportunities, information relevance, the nature of the champion-parent relationship, interaction expectations, and champion confidence. Our programme theory for how the community champion approach works identified that peer champions focused more on building rapport, modelling behaviours, and being a trusted community resource than direct information transfer. Professional champions, in contrast, showed greater expertise and confidence in discussing parenting practices directly. For both groups, traits such as friendliness and the ability to establish a trusting relationship enhanced effectiveness. This research identifies the impacts of champion role, characteristics, and the champion-parent relationship on the effectiveness of knowledge mobilisation in this context, with implications for training and recruitment of champions. Those using a champion model in comparable settings should ensure that champions have the necessary knowledge, skills, and confidence to engage parents and share information effectively.

Associations Between Perceived Discrimination, Screening Mammography, and Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis: A Prospective Cohort Analysis

BackgroundDespite higher breast cancer screening rates, black women still are more likely to have late-stage disease diagnosed. This disparity is influenced in part by structural and interpersonal racism. This prospective study sought to determine how interpersonal factors, including perceived discrimination, influence screening and stage of disease at diagnosis.MethodsA prospective cohort study analyzed adult women with stages I to IV breast cancer from the Miami Breast Cancer Disparities Study. Perceived discrimination and mistrust of providers were assessed using previously validated questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds of screening mammography utilization and late-stage breast cancer at diagnosis.ResultsThe study enrolled 342 patients (54.4 % Hispanic, 15.8 % white, and 17.3 % black). Multivariate regression, after control for both individual- and neighborhood-level factors, showed that a higher level of perceived discrimination was associated with greater odds of late-stage disease (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.06; range, 1.01–1.12); p = 0.022) and lower odds of screening mammography (aOR, 0.96; range, 0.92–0.99; p = 0.046). A higher level of perceived discrimination also was negatively correlated with multiple measures of provider trust.DiscussionThis study identified that high perceived level of discrimination is associated with decreased odds of ever having a screening mammogram and increased odds of late-stage disease. Efforts are needed to reach women who experience perceived discrimination and to improve the patient–provider trust relationship because these may be modifiable risk factors for barriers to screening and late-stage disease presentation, which ultimately have an impact on breast cancer survival.

Analyze the Impact, Reasons, and Optimization Strategies of the Image of AI Anchors on Consumer Purchase Intention in Live Streaming E-commerce

The importance of live streaming e-commerce in online shopping is increasing with the continuous development of live streaming technology. Artificial intelligence (AI), as a disruptive force, has introduced virtual anchors in the live streaming field, replacing live anchors for product introduction and interaction. The virtual anchor image, with its anthropomorphic appearance, interacts with the audience in real-time and is gradually being applied in various fields such as e-commerce, advertising, and social platforms. This study reviews how the image of AI anchors in live streaming e-commerce affects consumer trust and personalized experience, and further explores its impact on consumer purchase intention. Research has found that virtual anchor images can be divided into human and animal images based on their appearance, and different images have different impacts on consumer purchasing intentions. Humanized virtual anchors establish trust relationships and stimulate purchase intentions through rich expressions and actions; Personalized and customized design enhances the attractiveness and sense of identity of virtual anchors. Finally, regarding the application of enterprises in the field of virtual anchors, this article proposes anthropomorphic design, personalized image, and cultural adaptability strategies to improve the commercial efficiency and brand image of virtual anchors.

Exploring the relationship between taxpayers and tax authorities in the digital era: evidence on tax compliance behavior in emerging economies

Purpose This study aims to understand the determinants of the relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers in the digital era and how this relationship impacts tax compliance behavior, especially in the context of emerging countries like Morocco. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative methodology was adopted, involving interviews with tax inspectors and auditors, certified accountants’ experts and tax consultants. Data analysis was conducted using IRAMUTEQ software. Findings The research highlights that the relationship's quality and the level of mutual trust between tax authorities and taxpayers are critical in determining tax compliance in the digital era. Central factors affecting this relationship encompass effective communication, simplification of tax procedures, clarity of tax laws and the digitization of tax services. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that these dynamics and determinants significantly influence the tax compliance behavior of taxpayers in Morocco, revealing intricate connections between relational aspects and compliance attitudes. Practical implications The findings suggest that fostering a mutually trusting relationship, through improved communication, simplification and digitization, can enhance taxpayer compliance. This is valuable for policymakers and tax authorities developing strategies to improve tax systems in emerging countries. Originality/value This study contributes to the sparse literature on the relationship between tax authorities and taxpayers in the and digital era, offering new insights into factors that influence tax compliance in the post COVID-19 crisis context. Its practical recommendations provide a foundation for developing strategies aimed at improving this relationship and, consequently, taxpayer compliance behavior in emerging countries.

Enhancing service provision for looked after children and young people in Doncaster.

The 0-19 looked after children (LAC) team in Doncaster, England, is a well-established service that has developed over time to identify and address the health needs of looked after children and young people and care leavers. Its aims are to improve outcomes for these children and young people by offering a holistic approach to assessing their health and well-being. The principle of having a dedicated nurse specialist for LAC following each child or young person throughout their care journey enables a trusting relationship to be established and the voice of the child or young person to be heard. This article reports on several developments in the Doncaster LAC team, including a local pilot of joint nurse and GP initial health assessments and participation in a national pilot of mental health assessments.

An ethic of care in two community focused schools in Wales

ABSTRACT The relational dimension of schooling has been identified as an important aspect of educational professionals’ everyday practices, yet little is known about how mainstream schools go about the day-to-day act of fostering positive and trusting relationships with children and parents. This paper draws on data generated from a case study involving two schools in Wales which sought to understand how schools foster positive relationships with parents and children. Interviews and focus groups with staff, parents and pupils at two community focused schools in Wales revealed that an ethic of care was crucial to the formation of quality trusting relationships between staff, parents and pupils. It will be argued that the caring relationships which school staff grafted with parents and pupils through day-to-day acts were inextricably bound with their wider social contexts and location in areas of significant socio-economic disadvantage. In this sense, these schools’ wider social contexts informed how they interpreted and enacted policy agendas around both academic performance and community schooling. It is therefore suggested that the fostering of a relational dimension of schooling is crucial to the development of a community focused schools’ agenda in Wales.

Features and evaluations of organizational support provided by occupational health nurses in private practice for the implementation of sustainable health and productivity management in medium-sized enterprises

This study aimed to clarify the features and evaluations of the organizational support provided by occupational health nurses (OHNs) in private practice to promote sustainable health and productivity management (HPM) in medium-sized enterprises. Corporate managers and employees of four enterprises with fewer than 300 employees received support from an experienced OHN in private practice through five support sessions per company, primarily targeting company managers. The OHNs documented their support steps and evaluations. After completing the support process, we conducted semi-structured interviews with company managers and OHNs to evaluate the support provided by the OHNs. The support processes were organized for each company according to an analytical framework based on the consolidated framework for implementation research; the support features of OHNs were extracted. The evaluations of the support provided by OHNs from the perspective of company personnel were categorized using content analysis. Six features of support by OHNs for the promotion of HPM were extracted, including clarifying corporate needs while focusing on relationships of trust with company representatives, providing appropriate health information, and introducing external resources to facilitate independent and continuous efforts in the company to promote sustainable HPM. The managers' evaluations of the support provided by the OHNs included the following six categories: 1) identified and recognized current internal health issues; 2) received specific assistance tailored to the company; 3) gained an opportunity to work on health promotion measures; 4) considered the development and continuation of future health promotion measures; 5) learned about the existence of OHNs as easy to consult with; and 6) identified aspects of support from OHNs that were different from what they expected. This study clarified the features and evaluations of the support provided by OHNs in private practice in medium-sized enterprises for the promotion of HPM. Our findings suggest that the involvement of OHNs in private practice may increase the number of medium-sized enterprises that can autonomously commit themselves to HPM in a sustainable manner.

Delivering trauma-informed outreach to women involved in street-based prostitution: enablers and barriers

ABSTRACT The social work profession recognises the value of trauma-informed care for women with multiple disadvantage. For women involved in street-based prostitution this is mostly descriptive in nature with limited practice-based investigation. Guided by the principles of qualitative feminist research, this article explores the enablers and barriers in delivering trauma-informed outreach to women involved in street-based prostitution. Semi-structured interviews with six outreach workers and ten women involved in street-based prostitution indicated that a trauma-informed approach to outreach facilitated the building of mutually trusting and effective relationships. This was underpinned by a commitment to working at the women’s own pace and on their terms, which meant the outreach workers, in time, moved beyond addressing immediate needs. Despite the dynamic skillset required, the low status of outreach work presented challenges for securing a consistent and experienced workforce, which affected the sustainable delivery of trauma-informed outreach. This article highlights the complexity that is involved in delivering trauma-informed outreach to women involved in street-based prostitution and contributes to a more generalised conception of trauma-informed outreach work for shared learning and development within social work.

“Mr. Thiers’ Republic” in the Assessments of Russian Diplomatians, August 1871 – October 1872

The author explores the history of the establishment of the republican system in France in the early 1870s. The period is associated with the activities of the first President of the Third Republic, Adolphe Thiers (1871–1873). Russian diplomats in Paris, Ambassador Prince Nikolai Orlov and Embassy Counselor Grigory Okunev, witnessed first-hand Thiers’ efforts to stabilise France after its defeat in the War of 1871. They developed a trusting relationship with Thiers, who initiated Russian diplomats into his plans. For this reason, the study of dispatches, letters, and analytical notes regularly sent from the Paris Embassy to St. Petersburg is of particular interest to those who study the initial period of the formation of the Third Republic. Until recently, this type of sources has attracted little attention on the part of researchers. This article fills up this obvious gap. The study of diplomatic communications demonstrates that Russian diplomats were quite objective in their analysis of the internal political processes taking place in France after the end of the Franco-German War. They gave a balanced assessment of Thiers’ work, tracing the evolution of his views from constitutional monarchist to conservative republican. The chronological framework of the article covers the period from Thiers’ election as President of the Republic in August 1871 to October 1872, when a crisis arose in his relations with the monarchist majority of the National Assembly.

In risk we trust? Making decisions about knee replacement

Risk communication is a key legal and ethical component of shared decision-making. Decisions about total knee replacement, a common surgery, must contend with the fact that a minority of cases result in unintended outcomes, some of which have devastating effects. To understand how risks are communicated during decision-making, we audio-recorded and analysed 62 consultations between surgeons and patients. Various communication methods were evident, including listing risks without elaboration, discussing them in a conversational manner, abrogating discussion of risk, or using decision-tools. Discussion of risks was often brief in nature, and risk communication was sometimes curtailed or deferred by both patients and surgeons. Risks could also be observed to play a part in reinforcing policy norms of the doctor-patient relationship that highlighted patient responsibility. Nevertheless, patients and surgeons in the observed consultations appeared more interested in developing trusting relationships than in discussing risks. Because patients had sometimes experienced considerable deterioration in their knee function before their consultation, were in pain and struggled with mobility, the realities of clinical practice clashed with the policy norms of choice and patient responsibility. Rather, decisions could appear coerced by the disease process rather than being clear-cut examples of self-determination. While policy norms putatively use risk disclosure to frame communication between patients and clinicians as a transaction between customer and technician, the lack of conformity to these norms in the consultations may indicate resistance to this framing. A greater emphasis on determining positive roles for trust and care would help policy to present a nuanced understanding of decision-making. Risk communication could be seen as a factor in the formation of trusting relationships, improving its role in decision-making processes while recognising its inherent tensions with practice.

Reframing: a feminist reflection on Alan Fox

PurposeThis paper contributes to the broad aim of this special issue, reflecting on the relevance of the writing of Alan Fox to the contemporary industrial relations field. It offers an original reflection from a feminist perspective on Fox’s classic insights around frames of reference.Design/methodology/approachWe concentrate on Beyond Contract, Work, Power and Trust Relations (1974a) and Man Mismanagement (1974b, 1985) as the texts setting out Fox’s influential frames of reference theory, before moving on to subsequent literature in the field making use of Fox’s frames. In undertaking this review from a feminist perspective, we specifically look at the extent to which work considers standpoint, gender relations and political engagement. We draw further on wider feminist scholarship within industrial relations, critical race theory and intersectionality perspectives.FindingsDespite the concept of inequality forming the core of Fox’s analyses, there is a lack of attention to gender or to other diversity strands in his work and, notwithstanding the weight of feminist scholarship within the industrial relations field since, this neglect has been carried forward into subsequent use of Fox’s work. We argue there is space for the frames to be interpreted and used in ways that leave space for attention to feminist concerns and call on academics to approach their use of Fox from a more critically-informed perspective.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper’s argument has implications for the field of industrial relations in terms of conceptual understanding and methodological approaches. With space, it would have been useful to apply our revised understanding of Fox’s key concepts to empirical cases.Practical implicationsGreater clarity in what constitutes “unitary” and “pluralist” perspectives and categories will help employment relations actors.Originality/valueWe present a novel feminist re-framing of Fox’s work, providing new understandings of the strengths, weaknesses and applicability of the frames of reference within contemporary industrial relations research and practice. We advocate for methodological and scholarly approaches which advance theoretical and empirical justice in the field, moving beyond gender to draw on critical race theory and intersectionality frameworks.

The Narrative of πίστις: A Narratological Approach to πίστις in 1 Peter

Abstract One important aspect of moral formation in 1 Peter is Peter’s goal to encourage believers to continue in their trust in God amidst suffering, and narratives play a key role in achieving this goal. This article argues that a narrative of trust (πίστις) made up of three events—the choice of trust, trust through suffering, and the outcome of trust—underlies 1 Peter. First, this article outlines the author’s narratological method. Second, the article exegetes the relevant passages where the πίστις word group is prevalent. Third, the article reconstructs Peter’s narrative of trust based around these three events, drawing implications for how this narrative encourages continued trust in God. Through his letter, Peter’s audience begins to see themselves within this narrative, looking both backward toward their redemption through Christ’s death and resurrection and forward toward Christ’s revelation. They see both the foundation and the outcome of their trust in Christ and are motivated to stay the course amidst suffering, firm in their relational trust in God and fully committed to him, knowing that just as God has been faithful to fulfill his promises in Christ, so he will be faithful to fulfill all his promises to them in the end.

Impacts of blockchain technology in agrifood: exploring the interplay between transactions and firms’ strategic resources

PurposeDespite the growing interest in blockchain technology (BCT) applications in the agri-food industry, evidence of their economic and strategic implications remains scarce. This study aims to contribute to filling this gap by jointly investigating how BCT adoption affects transactional relationships, and how it contributes to the firm’s strategic resources.Design/methodology/approachAn explanatory case study is conducted based on a theoretical framework grounded on transaction cost economics and the resource-based-dynamic capabilities view. Six BCT implementations by agri-food firms are studied. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsFindings reveal that BCT benefits depend on how companies integrate technology across their supply chains. In fact, the results suggest that overall transaction efficiency within the supply chain is enhanced only for those firms prioritising stakeholder engagement during technology implementation and leveraging existing trust relationships with economic agents. Moreover, the results suggest that BCT is not yet perceived as a strategic resource, but rather that it has the potential to enhance firms’ operational-adaptive, absorptive and innovative capabilities. When all supply chain actors clearly understand blockchain’s functionality and value, the development of these capabilities becomes more pronounced.Practical implicationsThe study identifies two BCT adoption configurations. One primarily focuses on enhancing supply chain efficiency and transparency (dynamic BCT), while the other uses BCT mainly for marketing purposes (static BCT). These configurations lead to varied possibilities for leveraging BCT’s potential advantages. Furthermore, they show how a mismatch between a strategic approach and its chosen configuration could work against any positive impact and lead to disillusionment with the BCT. Thus, managers should assess carefully the impact of such different configuration choices on performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to attempt to analyse the economic implications of adopting BCT in the food sector from both a firm and supply chain perspective. Additionally, it shows how interpreting these impacts is contingent on the diverse modalities for embedding BCT into existing supply chains.

Bridging Minds and Frontiers: An Unconventional Academic Odyssey with Francisco José Ayala

The text recounts the author’s remarkable experience in establishing contact with Francisco José Ayala, a renowned professor, researcher, author, and philanthropist. Beginning in an unusual manner, the connection transcended the conventional boundaries of academia, dispelling the notion of inaccessibility of eminent scientists. This resulted in an interview and the publication of a letter in the Science journal, exemplifying Ayala’s generosity. The narrative highlights Ayala’s extensive contribution to the understanding of evolution, his role in issues of science and religion, and his notable philanthropy. The challenges faced during a period of collaborating in California are shared, emphasizing the consolidation of a relationship of trust. Ayala’s influence is evident in the author’s shift towards contemporary issues such as scientific misinformation and climatic themes, reflecting the enduring legacy Ayala left on his academic journey and the positive transformation in the author’s career.

Assessing the Subjective Happiness of Parents of Children With Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities Receiving Home Care.

Home care for children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) is challenging for parents because it is highly intensive and long-lasting. The pursuit of happiness is an essential goal for everyone. However, only a few studies have focused on the happiness of families with such children. The study aimed to examine the subjective happiness of parents of children with SMID receiving home care and identify the factors associated with their happiness. We conducted a cross-sectional online questionnaire-based survey of 23 parents of children with SMID and nurses with children without disabilities as controls at Tottori University Hospital,Yonago, Japan from July 1 to August 31, 2023. We set the subjective happiness scale (SHS) scores as the outcomes. We used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare the SHS scores between the two groups. Moreover, we extracted the clinical and demographic factors affecting the SHS scores of parents of children with SMID using univariate linear regression analysis. We obtained responses from 12 parents with SMID and 105 controls. The average SHS scores of parents with SMID and controls were 4.8 and 4.7, respectively, and both groups did not differ significantly. Univariate analysis showed that parental male sex and the presence of a tracheostomy were negatively associated with the SHS scores of parents. The SHS scores did not differ significantly between parents with SMID and controls. However, more attention seemed necessary for fathers and parents of children who have undergone tracheostomies. Given the exploratory nature of this study and its small sample size, larger-scale investigations are warranted. Additionally, qualitative research conducted after establishing trustful relationships could provide further insights.

A Study to Measure Patients' Trust in Medical Practitioners in Surat City

Purpose- This study examines the critical role of trust in the doctor-patient relationship within the healthcare system. Trust acts as a pivotal element that enhances collaboration and communication, thereby improving patient outcomes. Defined as the subjective confidence in the reliability and integrity of healthcare providers, trust encompasses fidelity, competency, honesty, confidentiality, and overall reliability. The primary aim of the study is to examines the critical role of trust in doctor-patient relationship within the healthcare system and evaluate the factors influencing patients' trust in their medical practitioners. Research Design – This quantitative study employed an online survey administered via Google Forms to collect data from 646 patients. The survey assessed patients' understanding of trust in their healthcare providers, focusing on factors such as technical competence, empathy, reliability, and expertise. Statistical analyses including correlation, exploratory factor analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to examine differences in trust perceptions across age groups and educational levels. Findings – The study revealed significant differences in how age groups of patients’ impact technical competence, patience, understanding of social and economic conditions, adherence to instructions, confidentiality, trust despite mistakes, respect, access to technologies, recommendations for healthcare, dependability, and approachability. Educational qualifications also significantly influenced perceptions of healthcare provider trust across several factors except for the provision of information. The findings underscore the importance of tailoring communication and care strategies based on patients' age and educational backgrounds to enhance trust and satisfaction in healthcare settings. Understanding these demographic variations can inform healthcare providers in developing patient-centred approaches that foster trust and improve healthcare outcomes.