Treatment NaOH Research Articles

The effect of differences extraction solutions on the gelatin characteristic fishbone of bader bang (Barbonymus balleroides)

Gelatin is a polypeptide derived from collagen in the skin and bones of mammals or fish. The utilization of bader bang especially bader bang fish bones as raw material for gelatin is still not widely found. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different extraction solutions on the characteristics of bader bang fish bone gelatin and to compare the characteristics of the bader bang fish bone gelatin produced with the standard. The study was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD). The best results from the three treatments were found in the extraction of gelatin in the treatment NaOH 0,2% + H2SO4 0,2% The characteristics of water content, ash content, viscosity and gel strength complied with SNI 06-3735 and British Standard 757.

Pengaruh Waktu Treatment Serat terhadap Sifat Mekanik Komposit Serat Tapis Kelapa

Coconut tapis fiber is one of the natural fiber for use composites on account of its characteristic such as a high strength to weight ratio, resistance to corrosion, resistance to wear, good finishing surface, no health risk and easy availability. This research was conducted to study tensile strength and flexural strength of coconut tapis fiber reinforced composite with variable of fiber treatment in NaOH for 2, 4, and 6 hours. This research used coconut tapis fiber with 0.04 -1 mm diameter and 10 mm length, resin unsaturated polyester type Yukalac 157 BQTN-EX as its matrix, and metil etil keton peroxide 1% as its hardener. The fiber was treted in NaOH for 2, 4, and 6 hours, afterward rinsed and dried, respectively. The composite was made using press hand lay-up technique with post curing 2 hours at temperature of 620C. Tensile and flexure test specimen were made based on ASTM D3039 and ASTM D 790-03 standard accordingly. The result shows that tensile strength decrease with increasing treatment in NaOH. The highest tensile strength was achieved by 2 hours treatment in NaOH at 58.8 MPa. The highest tensile strain was achieved by 2 hours treatment NaOH at 1.30%. The highest tensile modulus of elasticity was achieved by 6 hours treatment in NaOH at 5.07 GPa. In agreement with tensile strength, flexural strength also decreased with increasing treatment in NaOH. The highest flexural strength was achieved by 2 hours treatment in NaOH at 125.98 MPa, and the highest flexural strain was achieved by 2 hours treatment in NaOH at 1.35%. The highest flexural modulus of elasticity was achieved by 6 hours treatment in NaOH at 13.55GPa.

Digestibility and beef performance after feeding NaOH- or KOH-treated pig wastes

Pig slurry solids were treated with NaOH or KOH. The effect of both alkalis has been evaluated by measuring in vitro and in vivo digestibility, solid intake of bulls and two long-term feeding experiments (273 and 263 days) with dairy beef cattle. The addition of 1% NaOH or KOH increased the in vitro digestibility of organic matter by 1.4 or 0.9 percentage units and 1 mole equivalent caused an increase of digestibility by 4.9 or 5.0 units, respectively. The in vivo digestibility was increased by 3.4 or 2.6 percentage units per 1% NaOH or KOH and by 14 and 15 percentage units per mole equivalent. Bulls consumed significantly ( P < 0.05) more NaOH- or KOH-treated by-products, compared with untreated material, if they could choose freely between the solids. There were no significant differences ( P < 0.05) between NaOH- or KOH-treated pig wastes with regard to dry matter intake and daily weight gain of bulls. More than 70% total dry matter intake consisted of pig wastes. Animal performance was not improved by using a mixture of NaOH and KOH, compared with NaOH or KOH separately. The effect of KOH is basically equal to that of NaOH in treatment of the by-products on an equimolar basis. About 40% more KOH, by weight, would be required to give equal results in digestibility and animal performance.