Treatment Of Women Research Articles

Selected medical interventions in women with a deleterious BRCA mutation: a population-based study in British Columbia.

We examined the uptake of risk-reducing interventions, including bilateral mastectomy, risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, oral contraceptive pills, tamoxifen, and raloxifene, for the entire population of women with a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation in the Canadian province of British Columbia. This retrospective population-based study used data available in British Columbia for all women who, between 1996 and 2014, were tested and found to have a BRCA mutation. Rates of risk-reducing interventions stratified according to the type of BRCA mutation and prior history of breast or gynecologic cancer (ovary, fallopian tube, peritoneal) are presented. Cancers diagnosed in women with a BRCA mutation after disclosure of their mutation status are also presented. The final study cohort consisted of 885 patients with a deleterious BRCA1 (n = 474) or BRCA2 (n = 411) mutation. Of the women with no prior breast cancer, 30.8% carrying a BRCA1 mutation and 28.3% carrying a BRCA2 mutation underwent bilateral mastectomy. Of women with no prior gynecologic cancer, 64.7% carrying a BRCA1 mutation and 62.2% carrying a BRCA2 mutation underwent risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Rates of chemoprevention with oral contraceptive pills and tamoxifen or raloxifene were low in all groups. In this cohort, 23 gynecologic and 70 breast cancers were diagnosed after disclosure of BRCA mutation status. Our results suggest reasonable uptake of risk-reducing interventions in high-risk women. To minimize the occurrence of breast and ovarian cancer in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, more attention could be paid to ensuring that affected women receive proper counselling and follow-up.

Trauma Exposure and PTSD Among Women Receiving Treatment for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration.

Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have been associated with men's perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV), but relatively little research has examined these associations among women who perpetrate IPV. This exploratory investigation evaluated the associations among trauma, PTSD symptoms, and IPV perpetration for women and a comparison sample of men. During intake at a community-based Abuse Intervention Program (AIP), women (n = 32) and a demographically similar comparison sample of men (n = 64) completed measures of trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, physical aggression and emotional abuse perpetration, and use of alcohol and other drugs. The vast majority of women (93.5%) reported traumatic event exposure, and close to half (43.8%) screened positive for a probable PTSD diagnosis. Women's level of PTSD symptoms correlated positively with emotional abuse perpetration, with medium-to-large effect sizes. After controlling for substance use, women's PTSD symptoms were significantly and positively correlated with physical assault and emotional abuse perpetration. Women reported significantly higher rates of exposure to IPV victimization and had significantly higher rates of probable PTSD and PTSD symptoms than did men from the same AIP. Gender did not significantly moderate the associations between PTSD symptoms and IPV perpetration. Overall, findings indicate that trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms are important correlates of women's IPV perpetration. Women in treatment for IPV perpetration may benefit from additional assessment and treatment of trauma and trauma-related symptoms.

Anxiety and Stress at Different Stages of Treatment in Women Undergoing In vitro Fertilization-Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection.

Aim:The aim of the present study is to evaluate the state anxiety (the present state of mind), trait anxiety (general anxiety), as well as perceived stress in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at three stages: T1 (on the day of start of stimulation), T2 (on the day of embryo transfer), and T3 (10 days after embryo transfer). The data at T3 level were collected telephonically.Methodology:The present study was carried out on 137 women undergoing IVF intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle at four different clinics of four cities from October to April 2016. State-trait anxiety inventory (Spielberger) and perceived stress scale (Okun, et al.) were used as the tools.Statistical Analysis:The analysis was done at two levels; descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance [ANOVA], Student's t-test, Levene's test) using SPSS v16.Results:The state anxiety was higher at all the three levels than trait anxiety. The overt anxiety was highest at T3 level (mean = 45.77) followed by T1 level (mean = 44.23) and T2 level (mean = 43.04). Perceived stress was elevated at T1 level (mean = 17.93) followed by T3 level (mean = 17.28) and T2 level (mean = 16.72). The results of ANOVA showed a significant difference in anxiety among all the three levels (P = 0.036), but no significant difference was found for perceived stress (P = 0.169). t-test revealed that there was a significant difference between state and trait anxiety at T1, T2, and T3 levels (P = 0.01, P = 0.21, P = 0.00, respectively). A significant difference was only seen between the T1 and T2 levels in perceived stress (P = 0.052). In state anxiety, a significant difference was observed only between T2 and T3 levels (P = 0.23).Conclusion:It was observed that anxiety and stress are present in women throughout the treatment. The waiting period (T3) is the most anxious for them and their level of state anxiety is higher compared to their trait anxiety. Perceived stress is observed to be more on the day of start of stimulation followed by the waiting period.

Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Women: Are There Differences When Compared with Men?

Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease, there remains evidence of a disparity in the outcomes for women when compared with men. This article provides a review of the evidence for this discrepancy and discusses some of the potential contributing factors.

Women in Treatment for Alcoholism in a Brazilian State Capital, Socio-Demographic Characteristics

Women in Treatment for Alcoholism in a Brazilian State Capital, Socio-Demographic Characteristics

Are Novel Lifestyle Approaches to Management of Type 2 Diabetes Applicable to Prevention and Treatment of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

Are Novel Lifestyle Approaches to Management of Type 2 Diabetes Applicable to Prevention and Treatment of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

Deep Learning Approaches for Data Augmentation and Classification of Breast Masses using Ultrasound Images

Breast classification and detection using ultrasound imaging is considered a significant step in computer-aided diagno-sis systems. Over the previous decades, researchers have proved the opportunities to automate the initial tumor classification and detection. The shortage of popular datasets of ultrasound images of breast cancer prevents researchers from obtaining a good performance of the classification algorithms. Traditional augmentation approaches are firmly limited, especially in tasks where the images follow strict standards, as in the case of medical datasets. Therefore besides the traditional augmentation, we use a new methodology for data augmentation using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). We achieved higher accuracies by integrating traditional with GAN-based augmentation. This paper uses two breast ultrasound image datasets obtained from two various ultrasound systems. The first dataset is our dataset which was collected from Baheya Hospital for Early Detection and Treatment of Women’s Cancer, Cairo (Egypt), we name it (BUSI) referring to Breast Ultrasound Images (BUSI) dataset. It contains 780 images (133 normal, 437 benign and 210 malignant). While the Dataset (B) is obtained from related work and it has 163 images (110 benign and 53 malignant). To overcome the shortage of public datasets in this field, BUSI dataset will be publicly available for researchers. Moreover, in this paper, deep learning approaches are proposed to be used for breast ultrasound classification. We examine two different methods: a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach and a Transfer Learning (TL) approach and we compare their performance with and without augmentation. The results confirm an overall enhancement using augmentation methods with deep learning classification methods (especially transfer learning) when evaluated on the two datasets.

Amnioinfusion Compared With No Intervention in Women With Second-Trimester Rupture of Membranes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To assess the effectiveness of amnioinfusion in women with second-trimester preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. We performed a nationwide, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial, the PPROM: Expectant Management versus Induction of Labor-III (PPROMEXIL-III) trial, in women with singleton pregnancies and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes at 16 0/7 to 24 0/7 weeks of gestation with oligohydramnios (single deepest pocket less than 20 mm). Participants were allocated to transabdominal amnioinfusion or no intervention in a one-to-one ratio by a web-based system. If the single deepest pocket was less than 20 mm on follow-up visits, amnioinfusion was repeated weekly until 28 0/7 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was perinatal mortality. We needed 56 women to show a reduction in perinatal mortality from 70% to 35% (β error 0.20, two-sided α error 0.05). Between June 15, 2012, and January 13, 2016, we randomized 28 women to amnioinfusion and 28 to no intervention. One woman was enrolled before the trial registration date (June 19, 2012). Perinatal mortality rates were 18 of 28 (64%) in the amnioinfusion group vs 21 of 28 (75%) in the no intervention group (relative risk 0.86, 95% CI 0.60-1.22, P=.39). In women with second-trimester preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and oligohydramnios, we found no reduction in perinatal mortality after amnioinfusion. NTR Dutch Trial Register, NTR3492.

Factors Associated with Women's Treatment for Urinary Incontinence in Hasan Sadikin Hospital

Urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent and burdensome condition among women. However, fewer than half of women with symptoms talk to a physician about incontinence. The factors, including knowledge, culture, education, and income, the most dominant factor influence and the reason patient of urinary incontinence not to go to the hospital. The method used in this research is mixed methods with cross-sectional research design. The sample amounted to 70 patients suffering from urinary incontinence. The patients interviewed were 10 patients/informants. The quantitative research with the Kolmogorov test is known that on the variable of educational and income factors, with P >0, 05. The knowledge and cultural factors result with P <0, 05. There is correlation between knowledge and eastern culture with urinary incontinence patient not treatment at polyclinic RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung, the most dominant factor influencing is the culture factor, as well as the reasons patients with urinary incontinence do not go to the hospital, is due to not knowing that urinary incontinence is a disease and a shame.

The investigation of effects of static immersion and calming in water on pregnant women's stress participating in preparation classes for childbirth.

INTRODUCTION:Stress in pregnancy can have a negative effect on mother and fetus and at last on childhood. The use of stress reduction techniques in pregnant women has an effective role in the reduction of the mother and child's mental problems. This study aimed at determining the effect of static immersion and relaxing the pregnant women in water on stress, participating in preparation classes for childbirth in Isfahan, Iran, 2017.METHODS:The present study was a semi-experimental and had pre- and post-test one on 55 pregnant women aged 20–30 weeks (20 test group and 35 control group) participating in the preparation classes for delivery by available sampling method selected in 2017 and their stress level was assessed by depression, anxiety, and stress scale questionnaire. Then, they were divided into test and control groups. In the control group, no intervention was performed, and in the test group, static immersion and calming in water was done in Isfahan University's 9-Dey Pool. To analyze the data, paired t-test, Chi-square t-test, and independent t-test were used.RESULTS:In this study, stress in the test group decreased after the intervention, so that the mean stress score decreased from 20.20 to 16.67 (P < 0.05). Of course, the stress level declined in the control group, but in the control group, it decreased significantly.CONCLUSION:Based on the findings of the present study, static immersion and calming in water are considered as reducing women's stress intervention in improving pregnancy period and are therefore recommended to be included in the sanitary system.

Women's access and treatment of the feminine in the Asturian theatre. Background, protagonists, visibility

El genero, como elemento sistematico de analisis cientifico, estructura la percepcion y la organizacion simbolica de la vida social, y constituye un instrumento para analizar las relaciones sociales. Su aplicacion al caso de la escena asturiana arroja conclusiones referentes tanto al teatro protagonizado de algun modo por mujeres, como en lo que afecta a la cuestion de genero dentro del mundo de las Artes Escenicas en el Principado. Se plantea una pequena cronologia; una relacion de personalidades relevantes, y se analiza la percepcion que genera en el espectador y en la sociedad. Women's access and treatment of the feminine in the Asturian theatre. Background, protagonists, visibility Gender, as a systematic element of scientific analysis, structures the perception and symbolic organization of social life, and constitutes an instrument to analyse social relations. Its application to the case of the Asturian scene throws conclusions referring both to the theater played by women in some way, and in what affects the gender issue within the world of Performing Arts in the Principality. A small chronology is proposed; a relation of relevant personalities, and analysing the perception generated in the spectator and in society. Sumario : 1. Antecedentes. 2. El caso asturiano hasta el siglo XIX. 3. La mujer como sujeto activo dentro del teatro asturiano en la actualidad. 4. La mujer como sujeto de estudio dentro del teatro asturiano. 5. Propuestas escenicas. Tratamiento de los personajes femeninos. 6. Algunas conclusiones. Obras citadas. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32621/acotaciones.2018.41.05

Access to health service for the investigation and treatment of abnormal Pap smears: perspectives and limits

Este artigo analisa limites e perspectivas de acesso aos serviços de saúde para investigação diagnóstica e tratamento de Papanicolaou alterado. Apresenta pesquisa realizada com usuárias do Centro de Referência e Tratamento da Mulher/CRTM, no município de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ. Seus resultados apresentam marcação de consulta, em prazo não superior a 30 dias, e seguimento segundo diretrizes nacionais de controle do câncer do colo do útero (CCU). No entanto, houve dificuldades relativas a defeito em aparelho de exame e extravio de exames, bem como relacionadas à articulação com a rede hospitalar, para fins de procedimentos e/ou tratamentos, inclusive oncológico.

'There is no point giving cash to women who don't spend it the way they are told to spend it' – Exploring women's agency over cash in a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birthweight in rural Nepal

Cash transfer programmes form an integral part of nutrition, health, and social protection policies worldwide, but the mechanisms through which they achieve their health and nutritional impacts are incompletely understood. We present results from a process evaluation of a combined participatory women's groups and cash transfer programme to improve low birth weight in rural Nepal. We explored the ways in which context, implementation, and mechanism of the intervention affected beneficiary women's agency over cash transfers. Informed by a grounded theory framework, we conducted and analysed semi-structured interviews with 22 beneficiary women, 15 of their mothers-in-law, 3 of their elder sisters-in-law and 20 husbands, as well as a focus group discussion with 7 supervisors of the women's group intervention. Our study reveals how women's group facilitators, their supervisors and community members developed a shared dynamic around persuading and compelling recipients of unconditional cash transfers into spending them according to criteria developed by the group. We found these dynamics effectively constituted ‘soft conditions’ on beneficiary spending which restricted women's ability to make decisions over their cash transfers, but also increased their likelihood of spending them on their own pregnancy. Our findings demonstrate the importance of understanding how programmes are implemented and responded to in order to understand their implications for beneficiary agency and empowerment.

Surgical treatment choices for breast cancer in Newfoundland and Labrador: a retrospective cohort study.

Mastectomy is often chosen by women for treatment of breast cancer, even when breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is an option. Newfoundland and Labrador has a high mastectomy rate. We documented the number of breast cancers over a given period in the province and their related surgical treatments, and explored the impact of several variables on surgical choice. A retrospective cohort design linked diagnosis data from the Newfoundland and Labrador tumour registry to surgery data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information Discharge Abstract Database. Data were extracted for all women aged 19 years or more in whom breast cancer was diagnosed in 2009-2014. A total of 2346 cases of breast cancer with a linked surgical procedure were included. Most operations (1605 [68.4%]) were mastectomy procedures, with the remainder being BCS. Logistic regression analysis revealed that women were 1.82 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.64-2.02) more likely to have mastectomy for each unit of stage increase from 0 to IV and 1.15 times (95% CI 1.11-1.21) more likely for each unit of driving time increase. Tumour stage and driving time to a radiation facility significantly predicted Newfoundland and Labrador women's surgical treatment choices for breast cancer. Notably, mastectomy was the favoured choice across all age groups, tumour stages and geographical regions of the province. We hope that these results will galvanize efforts to better understand local surgical practices and assist in improving the quality of surgical care of women with breast cancer.

Rethinking bibliotherapy: a neurorhetoric narratology model for addiction treatment.

This study sought to revise the collection development policy for a bibliotherapy library used by the residents at a women's AOD treatment centre in Tampa, Florida (USA). The research was conducted by Peter Cannon as part of his PhD on rhetoric and reading therapies. The article summarises the key findings from a reading preference survey of the residents and a semi-structured group interview of the mental health professionals at the centre. The results are used to support the development of a new bibliotherapy model that Peter has termed neurorhetoric narratology. Preliminary findings suggest this new model can offer the residents a new bibliotherapy track that employs less emotionally triggering texts that will be useful for treatment.

A Randomized, Waiting-List-Controlled Study Shows That Brief, Mindfulness-Based Psychological Interventions Are Effective for Treatment of Women’s Low Sexual Desire

We evaluated two treatment conditions for low sexual desire in women: one where participants were administered a mindfulness-based treatment protocol and another with exercises focusing on scheduled sex and motivations for sex in addition to the aforementioned protocol. Seventy women (Mage 39.2, SD = 9.8) with complaints of low sexual desire were randomly allocated to one of these treatment conditions or a waiting-list condition. Participants attended four individual sessions and completed homework exercises. Questionnaire data were collected before and after treatment and at follow-ups three and six months later. Primary outcomes were the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) desire subdomain and the Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory–Female (SIDI-F). Secondary outcomes were the Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised (FSDS-R), the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS), the Perceived Relationship Quality Components Inventory (PRQC), and the Brief Symptom Inventory–18 (BSI-18). Women in both treatment conditions reported significantly higher sexual desire (FSFI desire d = 0.75 to 1.06) immediately following treatment, compared to the waiting list. Improvements were sustained at follow-up, accompanied by improvements in some secondary outcomes. We found no significant differences between the treatment conditions in terms of treatment effectiveness. Our study adds to the literature suggesting that mindfulness-based treatments are suitable options for treating low sexual desire in women.

Impact of Screening Pelvic MRI on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Women with Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids Seen in a Multidisciplinary Fibroid Center

Impact of Screening Pelvic MRI on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Women with Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids Seen in a Multidisciplinary Fibroid Center

Elagolix Treatment in Women with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding-Associated with Uterine Fibroids: Efficacy and Safety Results from Two Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Studies

Objective: To evaluate the 6-month efficacy and safety of elagolix, an oral, non-peptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, with/without add-back therapy, as compared to placebo in women with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) associated with uterine fibroids (UF).

5-Flouorouracil Is an Attractive Medical Treatment in Women With Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Meta-Analysis.

In the absence of standard guidelines, the management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) remains a field of debate. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to ascertain the 5-flouorouracil (5-FU) effectiveness in this context. A literature search was conducted throughout the PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Databases for relevant studies. We computed the summary proportions of women treated for VaIN with 5-FU for the outcomes of complete response and recurrence by random-effects meta-analysis. We also performed a subgroup analysis by computing the summary proportions for complete response among women with high-grade VaIN, persistent disease, and recurrence respectively. Fourteen observational studies reporting on 358 women included in the study. The study quality was moderate. The summary proportions of women who had complete response after the first 5-FU course were 82.18% (95% CI = 69.80%-88.82%). The summary proportions of women who recurred were 16.42% (95% CI = 7.39%-28.14%). The summary proportions of women with complete response in the high-grade VaIN, persistent disease, and recurrence subgroups were 77.53% (95% CI = 59.90%-91.15%), 53.92% (95% CI = 34.62%-72.61%), and 72.32% (95% CI = 48.12%-91.05%), respectively. This is the first meta-analysis to date to provide a convincing overview of 5-FU efficacy on the VaIN treatment. Albeit a medium risk of bias warrants some caution with interpretation of the results, 5-FU can be an attractive alternative to surgery, especially among young women with multifocal and recurrent disease.

Effect of Practicing Walking with Deep Breathing Exercises on Insomnia among Women in Third Trimester of Pregnancy

Insomnia is a prevalent complaint among pregnant woman especially during last trimester of pregnancy with significant morbidity but, it often remains neglected. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of practicing walking with deep breathing exercises on insomnia severity among women in third trimester of pregnancy. Research design: A quasi experimental research design was utilized to conduct the present study in Antenatal Clinics at Obstetrics and Gynecology Center in Mansura city. Sampling: A purposive sampling technique was used to select sixty healthy pregnant women complaining from insomnia, at a gestational age from 28 to 32 weeks, have a single tone pregnancy and perform regular antenatal visits. Data Collection Tools: Two tools were used for data collection; the first tool was a Structured Interview Schedule designed by the researchers, it consisted of two parts to record personal data and reproductive history; the second tool was Insomnia Sleep Index (ISI) it composes of 7 components, it was adopted to measures the pregnant women's insomnia severity pre and post intervention. Results: The present study revealed that, the total score of insomnia decreased for the majority of the women after practicing walking with deep breathing exercises at their third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: Practicing walking with deep breathing exercises has a positive effect on severity of insomnia during the last trimester of pregnancy. Recommendation: Raising awareness of the pregnant women about the importance of practicing walking with deep breathing exercises to decrease insomnia severity during last trimester of pregnancy.