Transport-related Physical Activity Research Articles

Understanding Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Among Adults in Haryana: Insights from the ICMR-INDIAB Study [ICMR-INDIAB-19

Physical inactivity contributes to non-communicable disease (NCD) health burden, making it essential to study and address this issue at a population level. The present research aims to explore the patterns of physical activity (PA) in Haryana through a subgroup analysis of the national Indian Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study. This study was conducted between December 2018 and July 2019 in Haryana and included 3918 adult participants. Physical activity was assessed using the validated MDRF Physical Activity Questionnaire (MPAQ), which has domain-wise assessments of PA. Weighted prevalence was estimated using state-specific sampling weights, and associations between PA, anthropometric and biochemical profiles were assessed using bivariate analysis done using Student's unpaired ttests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), or chi-square tests. Factors describing the likelihood of being active were ascertained using a multivariable nominal regression analysis. About 73% of the study participants were physically inactive, and only 27% were moderately to vigorously active. The time spent in different PA domains varied significantly across sociodemographic variables, including sex, education, region, occupation, and socioeconomic status. Participants from the middle socioeconomic class spent more time in work-related PA, compared to low and upper-class participants who spent more time in general and transport-related PA. There were significant statistical differences between active and non-active groups concerning their mean blood glucose levels, body mass index, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure, but the differences in the lipid profile were non-significant. However, regression analysis showed higher odds of being physically active among younger participants, men, residents in rural areas, and those having fewer years of education. We highlight the alarmingly high prevalence of physical inactivity across different segments of society in Haryana with significant sociodemographic disparities. Considering the increasing prevalence of NCDs, it is high time to prioritise health promotion measures and inculcate more physical activity amongst the population to achieve health-related sustainable development goals.

Physical Activity Domains, Intensities, and Sedentary Behavior: Associations with Depression in U.S. Adults.

PurposeThis cross-sectional study examined associations between various physical activity (PA) domains and intensities-recreational vigorous PA (VPA), recreational moderate PA (MPA), work-related VPA, work-related MPA, and transport-related PA-and sedentary behavior with depression, and evaluated whether meeting PA guidelines through these domains and intensities confers comparable protective effects.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting2007-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).Subjects12,488 U.S. adults.MeasuresDepression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with scores ≥10 indicating clinically significant depression. PA was measured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire; sedentary time was self-reported daily sitting hours. Covariates included demographic, lifestyle, and health factors.AnalysisWeighted logistic regression under a complex sampling design, adjusting for covariates.ResultsRecreational VPA showed the strongest association with lower odds of depression, with each additional hour per week linked to a 3%-5% decrease (P < 0.01). Each additional hour of sedentary time per day was associated with a 3%-5% increase in the odds of depression (P < 0.01). Compared to inactivity, meeting guidelines through recreational VPA was linked to a 65%-79% lower odds of depression (P < 0.01). Recreational MPA or work-related PA was associated with approximately 40% lower odds of depression, whereas transport-related PA showed no significant association.ConclusionsRecreational VPA was linked to the greatest reduction in the odds of depression, emphasizing the importance of domain and intensity in PA guidelines and the need to limit prolonged sedentary behavior for mental health benefits.

Revealing Spatial Patterns and Environmental Influences on Jogging Volume and Speed: Insights from Crowd-Sourced GPS Trajectory Data and Random Forest

Outdoor jogging plays a critical role in active mobility and transport-related physical activity (TPA), contributing to both urban health and sustainability. While existing studies have primarily focused on jogging participation volumes through survey data, they often overlook the real-time dynamics that shape jogging experiences. This study seeks to provide a data-driven analysis of both jogging volume and speed, exploring how environmental factors influence these behaviors. Utilizing a dataset of over 1000 crowd-sourced jogging trajectories in Shenzhen, we spatially linked these trajectories to road-section-level units to map the distribution of jogging volume and average speed. By depicting a bivariate map of both behavioral characteristics, we identified spatial patterns in jogging behavior, elucidating variations in the distribution of volume and speed. A random forest regression model was validated and employed to capture nonlinear relationships and assess the differential impacts of various environmental factors on jogging volume and speed. The results reveal distinct jogging patterns across the city, where jogging volume is shaped by the mixed interplay of natural, visual, and built environment factors, while jogging speed is primarily influenced by visual factors. Additionally, the analysis highlights nonlinear effects, particularly identifying a threshold beyond which incremental environmental improvements provide diminishing returns in jogging speed. These findings clarify the distinct roles of environmental factors in influencing jogging volume and speed, offering insights into the dynamics of active mobility. Ultimately, this study provides data-informed implications for urban planners seeking to create environments that support TPA and promote active lifestyles.

Physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns after early-onset colorectal cancer diagnosis.

74 Background: Sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity are established risk factors for colorectal cancer diagnosed among adults younger than age 50 years (early-onset CRC). However, patterns of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in patients after an early-onset CRC diagnosis are less understood. Methods: The Reproductive Health After Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment (REACT) Study is a patient-partnered, cross-sectional study in cooperation with 23 community partners and patient advocates that recruited adults with a first primary cancer (diagnosis age: 18-49 years) over an 8-week period (October to December 2021). Patient-reported sociodemographic, cancer and cancer impact, PA and SB questions were prospectively collected via questionnaire. Frequency, duration and intensity of leisure-time, work-related and transportation-related PA were summed as minutes per week (min/wk). Time spent on SB was calculated by hours spent sitting on a typical day. Diagnosis age- and year-adjusted Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between PA and SB by cancer treatment status. Results: A total of 131 patients were diagnosed with a first primary early-onset CRC between 2016 and 2021 (median [IQR] age, 40.0 [35-45] years; 82.4% female) in REACT. One hundred thirteen patients (86.3%) were concerned about their physical fitness or getting enough exercise after cancer diagnosis—of whom 62.8% (n=71 of 113) were somewhat or very concerned about their physical fitness/exercise. Among 80 patients with early-onset CRC and complete PA/SB data (86.3% female), 28.8% were not adherent to PA guidelines for aerobic activity (≥150 min/wk) and 56.3% reported long sedentary time (&gt;6 hr/day). The proportion of patients across PA/SB groups also statistically significantly differed by treatment status among those diagnosed between 2019 and 2021 (p=0.049), but not between 2016 and 2018 (p=0.25). While PA was not significantly correlated with SB for early-onset CRC patients who were not actively undergoing treatment (r=-0.16, p =0.32), there was a statistically significant moderate inverse correlation between PA with SB among early-onset CRC patients under active cancer treatment (r=-0.58, p =0.004). Conclusions: One in every 2 early-onset CRC patients reported long sedentary time and one in every 4 early-onset CRC patients in this study did not meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. With over 80% of patients expressing concern about their physical activity and exercise after an early-onset CRC diagnosis, and differences in PA/SB patterns observed by treatment status, these findings warrant prospective, longitudinal studies of objectively-measured PA and SB among young patients in order to support tailored strategies (e.g., exercise prescriptions) that improve patient health and outcomes across the CRC continuum.

Interactions of physical activity and lung function on cognitive health in older adults: Joint association and mediation analysis.

Maintaining cognitive health in old adults has become a significant public health challenge, with lung function and physical activity (PA) as essential modifiable factors. However, the joint and mediation effects of these two factors with cognition remain unclear. This study assesses the joint association and mediation effects of lung function and PA with cognition. We utilized cross-sectional data from the 2011-2012 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including adults aged 60-79 assessed for lung function, PA, and cognition. Lung function included forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and FEV1/FVC. PA was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, covering occupational PA (OPA), transportation-related PA (TPA), and leisure-time PA (LTPA). Cognition was evaluated using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Animal Fluency Test, Delayed Recall Test and Immediate Recall Test. Weighted multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the separate and joint associations of lung function and PA with cognition, while also exploring potential mediation effects between these factors. A total of 927 participants, representing 35,525,782 U.S. residents, were included, with a weighted median age of 65 (IQR, 63 -71) years, and 53.6 % were female. The results showed a significant positive association between lung function and cognitive function, with FEV1, FVC, and PEF all positively correlated, while the FEV1/FVC showed no notable link. Further analysis revealed the best cognitive performance observed in participants with active LTPA and the highest quartile of lung function, indicating a joint association of LTPA and lung function with cognition. Mediation analysis indicated that lung function mediated 24.1 % (95 %CI: 6.3 % - 47.0 %, P = 0.03) of the relationship between LTPA and cognition, while cognition mediated 10.2 % (95 %CI: 0.5 % - 27.0 %, P = 0.04) of the relationship between LTPA and lung function. Lung function and cognition may have a bidirectional relationship. The combination of active LTPA and better lung function was strongly associated with higher cognition, highlighting the need to strengthen exercise focused on lung function to maintain cognitive health in older adults.

Association Between Different Types of Physical Activity and Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Fibrosis: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES.

Many studies have shown a link between physical activity (PA) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, more research is needed to investigate the relationship between different types of PA and NAFLD. This study aimed to explore the potential link between different types of PA, hepatic steatosis, and liver fibrosis. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the data set from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to 2020. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the linear relationship between different types of PA, the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). In addition, smoothing curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were used to depict their nonlinear relationship. This study involved 5933 adults. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between leisure-time PA and CAP, while the relationship between occupation-related PA, transportation-related PA, and CAP was not significant. Subgroup analysis further revealed that leisure-time PA was significantly negatively correlated with CAP in women and younger age groups (under 60y old), while the relationship was not significant in men and older age groups. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between leisure-time PA and liver fibrosis in men. Leisure-time PA can prevent hepatic steatosis, and women and young people benefit more. Occupation-related PA is not associated with hepatic steatosis and cannot replace leisure-time PA. In men, increasing leisure-time PA is more effective in preventing liver fibrosis.

Association of domain-specific physical activity with nocturia: a population-based study

Nocturia is the most prevalent lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) and is closely associated with various diseases and social burdens. Research on the relationship between physical activity and various diseases has progressed significantly. However, the association between nocturia and physical activity has received limited attention in prior studies. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between different domains of physical activity (e.g., occupation-related physical activity [OPA], transportation-related physical activity [TPA], and leisure-time physical activity [LTPA]) and nocturia. We included 5516 participants from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2012, employing survey-weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis to assess the relationship between different domains of physical activity and nocturia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between PA, LTPA, and nocturia. Specifically, PA (OR 0.7523, 95% CI 0.6307–0.8974, P = 0.002) and LTPA (OR 0.7664, 95% CI 0.6314–0.9304, P = 0.007) were negatively associated with nocturia. The RCS curve demonstrated non-linear relationships between PA, LTPA, and nocturia. Additionally, subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses further validated this association. Based on this cross-sectional study, we suggested that PA and LTPA are associated with a reduced risk of nocturia in adults aged 20 years and older in the United States. This underscores the importance of physical activity in preventing and managing nocturia may provide valuable guidance for clinical practice.

Interpretable machine learning for identifying overweight and obesity risk factors of older adults in China.

Interpretable machine learning for identifying overweight and obesity risk factors of older adults in China.

Factors associated with changes in physical activity levels among Chinese international students in South Korea.

Physical activity is widely recognized for its physical and mental health benefits that are significant for international students who often encounter environmental and cultural challenges. This study aimed to assess the physical activity levels and changes among Chinese international students in South Korea and identify the factors associated with these changes. The study included 192 Chinese students from a single university, recruited via an anonymous survey link on WeChat that collected data on sociodemographics, health behaviors, acculturative stress, depression, and social support. Physical activity levels were assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and changes in physical activity in South Korea were also evaluated. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with decreased and increased physical activity among the students. Among the participants, 33.9% indicated decreased physical activity, whereas 29.7% reported increased physical activity compared with their home country. Barriers include academic stress, time constraints, and unfamiliar environments, whereas facilitators include exercise facility accessibility and support from others. Increased physical activity was positively associated with older age, weight changes, and recreational activities. Poor self-health perception was positively associated with reduced physical activity, whereas perceived discrimination and transportation-related physical activity were negatively associated with reduced physical activity. Changes in physical activity levels and their associated factors among Chinese international students in South Korea were revealed. Multidimensional factors must be addressed to improve physical activity levels, especially considering the challenging circumstances faced by international students.

Health enhancement through activity travel participation and physical activity intensity

Health enhancement through activity travel participation and physical activity intensity

Planning strategies and infrastructure development supporting physical activity: analyzing municipal compact city plans in Japan

AbstractAligned with global goals for healthy and sustainable cities, urban compactness significantly promotes residents’ transport-related physical activity and health. In Japan, amid demographic changes, municipalities have begun formulating Location Normalization Plans focused on making cities more compact. This study examines the associations between health and transport-related physical activity considerations in urban plans, including Location Normalization Plans, the demographic characteristics of municipalities, and the development of infrastructure that supports leisure-time physical activity. Analyzing responses from 725 of 1,374 Japanese municipalities, our research reveals that 38% of urban plans integrated health and physical activity in goals/visions, and 28% recognized these as challenges. The development of physical activity infrastructure such as sports facilities (48%), metropolitan parks (21%), and bicycle paths (14%) was more prevalent in larger municipalities. However, the incorporation of health and physical activity in planning goals/visions or challenges was not exclusive to larger municipalities; smaller ones also demonstrated this capability. Logistic regression analyses revealed that municipalities that included health considerations in their plans’ goals/visions and challenges were more likely to develop or renovate physical activity infrastructure. Prioritizing health and physical activity in planning has the potential to support leisure-time and transport-related physical activity, helping to create healthy and sustainable cities.

35 Associations between transport modes and site-specific cancers: A Systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Purpose Transport choices may influence cancer risks through their effects on physical activity levels, sedentary time, and environmental pollution. This review synthesizes existing evidence on the associations of specific transport modes with risks of site-specific cancers. Methods Relevant literature was searched up to 17th February 2023 in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, and results were meta-analyzed for cancer sites where two or more studies were identified. Results 27 eligible studies (11 cohort, 15 case-control, and 1 case-cohort) were identified, which reported the associations with 10 site-specific cancers (breast, endometrial, colorectal, testicular, prostate, ovarian, lung, renal, liver, gallbladder and biliary tract). In meta-analysis, 10 Metabolic Equivalent of Task hour increment in transport-related physical activity per week (∼ 150 minutes of walking or 90 minutes of cycling for commute) was associated with a 7% reduction in risk for endometrial cancer (95% CI: 0.89 – 0.98), 5% reduction for colorectal cancer (95% CI: 0.91 – 0.99) and 2% reduction for breast cancer (95% CI: 0.89 – 0.996). Compared to motorized modes, cycling was associated with a lower risk of overall cancer incidence and mortality. Conclusion Active transport appears to reduce cancer risk, but evidence for cancer sites other than colorectum, breast, and endometrium is currently limited.

Relationship between domain-specific physical activity and cognitive function in older adults - findings from NHANES 2011-2014.

To determine the relationship between domain-specific physical activity (PA) (e.g., occupational PA [OPA], transport-related PA [TPA], and recreational PA [RPA]) and cognitive function in older adults. The data was obtained from the 2011-2014 cycle of the NHANES. We utilized weighted multivariate linear regression models among the included 2,924 people aged 60 years or older for our purposes. RPA and total PA according to WHO guidelines were associated with verbal fluency (RPA β: 1.400, 95% CI: 0.776, 2.024, p = 0.002; total PA β: 1.115, 95% CI: 0.571, 1.659, p = 0.001), processing speed and executive function (RPA β: 2.912, 95% CI. 1.291, 4.534, p = 0.005; total PA β: 2.974, 95% CI: 1.683, 4.265, p < 0.001) were positively correlated, and total PA was correlated with delayed memory performance (β: 0.254, 95% CI: 0.058, 0.449, p = 0.019). No significant association was observed between OPA, TPA, and various aspects of cognitive function among individuals over 60 years. There was no noteworthy correlation discovered between OPA and TPA in relation to cognitive function. However, RPA and total PA exhibited significant associations with verbal fluency, processing speed, and executive function. Additionally, maintaining PA levels ranging from 600 to 1,200 MET-min/week would yield the most favorable outcomes for cognitive function.

Development and psychometric testing of a questionnaire for the Korea Youth risk behavior survey to assess physical activity behaviors

BackgroundPhysical activity is essential for physical, mental, and cognitive health. Providing evidence to develop better public health policies to encourage increased physical activity is crucial. Therefore, we developed an in-depth survey as part of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey to assess the current status and determinants of physical activity among Korean adolescents.MethodsWe developed an initial version of the questionnaire based on a review of validated questionnaires, recent trends and emerging issues related to adolescent physical activity, and the national public health agenda pertaining to health promotion. Content validity was confirmed by a panel of 10 experts. Face validity was confirmed through focus group interviews with 12 first-year middle school students. The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by administering it twice, approximately two weeks apart, to a sample of 360 middle and high school students. Additionally, the frequency or average number of responses was analyzed in a sample of 600 students who participated in the initial test-retest reliability evaluation of the questionnaire developed in this study.ResultsThrough item pool generation and content and face validity test, the final 15 questionnaire items were developed across five themes: levels of physical activity, school sports club activities, transportation-related physical activity, physical activity-promoting environments, and factors mediating physical activity. The test-retest reliability ranged from fair to substantial. Results from the newly developed survey reveal that only a minority of adolescents engage in sufficient physical activity, with only 17.2% and 21.5% participating in vigorous and moderate-intensity activities, respectively, for at least five days per week. Among school-based activities, 44.3% of students do not participate in school sports clubs due to reasons including absence of clubs and disinterest in exercise. The major motivators for physical activity are personal enjoyment and health benefits, whereas preferences for other leisure activities and academic pressures are the predominant barriers.ConclusionsThis study developed valid and reliable in-depth survey items to assess physical activity among Korean youths. It will hopefully enhance our understanding of adolescent physical activity, offering essential preliminary evidence to inform the development of public health strategies aimed at promoting adolescent health.

Investigating young children’s physical activity through time and place

BackgroundPrevious research indicates the start of primary school (4-5-year-old) as an essential period for the development of children’s physical activity (PA) patterns, as from this point, the age-related decline of PA is most often observed. During this period, young children are exposed to a wider variety of environmental- and social contexts and therefore their PA is influenced by more diverse factors. However, in order to understand children’s daily PA patterns and identify relevant opportunities for PA promotion, it is important to further unravel in which (social) contexts throughout the day, PA of young children takes place.MethodsWe included a cross-national sample of 21 primary schools from the Startvaardig study. In total, 248 children provided valid accelerometer and global positioning (GPS) data. Geospatial analyses were conducted to quantify PA in (social) environments based on their school and home. Transport-related PA was evaluated using GPS speed-algorithms. PA was analysed at different environments, time-periods and for week- and weekend days separately.ResultsChildren accumulated an average of 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), both during week- and weekend days. Schools contributed to approximately half of daily MVPA during weekdays. During weekends, environments within 100 m from home were important, as well as locations outside the home-school neighbourhood. Pedestrian trips contributed to almost half of the daily MVPA.ConclusionsWe identified several social contexts relevant for children’s daily MVPA. Schools have the potential to significantly contribute to young children’s PA patterns and are therefore encouraged to systematically evaluate and implement parts of the school-system that stimulate PA and potentially also learning processes. Pedestrian trips also have substantial contribution to daily MVPA of young children, which highlights the importance of daily active transport in school- and parental routines.

Uncovering physical activity trade-offs in transportation policy: A spatial agent-based model of Bogotá, Colombia

BackgroundTransportation policies can impact health outcomes while simultaneously promoting social equity and environmental sustainability. We developed an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate the impacts of fare subsidies and congestion taxes on commuter decision-making and travel patterns. We report effects on mode share, travel time and transport-related physical activity (PA), including the variability of effects by socioeconomic strata (SES), and the trade-offs that may need to be considered in the implementation of these policies in a context with high levels of necessity-based physical activity.MethodsThe ABM design was informed by local stakeholder engagement. The demographic and spatial characteristics of the in-silico city, and its residents, were informed by local surveys and empirical studies. We used ridership and travel time data from the 2019 Bogotá Household Travel Survey to calibrate and validate the model by SES. We then explored the impacts of fare subsidy and congestion tax policy scenarios.ResultsOur model reproduced commuting patterns observed in Bogotá, including substantial necessity-based walking for transportation. At the city-level, congestion taxes fractionally reduced car use, including among mid-to-high SES groups but not among low SES commuters. Neither travel times nor physical activity levels were impacted at the city level or by SES. Comparatively, fare subsidies promoted city-level public transportation (PT) ridership, particularly under a ‘free-fare’ scenario, largely through reductions in walking trips. ‘Free fare’ policies also led to a large reduction in very long walking times and an overall reduction in the commuting-based attainment of physical activity guidelines. Differential effects were observed by SES, with free fares promoting PT ridership primarily among low-and-middle SES groups. These shifts to PT reduced median walking times among all SES groups, particularly low-SES groups. Moreover, the proportion of low-to-mid SES commuters meeting weekly physical activity recommendations decreased under the 'freefare' policy, with no change observed among high-SES groups.ConclusionsTransport policies can differentially impact SES-level disparities in necessity-based walking and travel times. Understanding these impacts is critical in shaping transportation policies that balance the dual aims of reducing SES-level disparities in travel time (and time poverty) and the promotion of choice-based physical activity.

Abstract 3413: Physical activity and sedentary behavior of cancer survivors compared to individuals without cancer in NHANES

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Physical activity may improve quality of life and reduce mortality among cancer survivors. As cancer death rates continue to decrease, the population of cancer survivors is expected to grow, therefore making it important to study their health behaviors. Research has been conducted on prevalence of physical activity and sedentary behaviors of survivors of certain cancers, however, little research has been conducted comparing cancer survivors to individuals without cancer. The purpose of this study was to update previously published results from earlier National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2007-2010) with more recent data comparing physical activity and sedentary behavior among cancer survivors and individuals without cancer. METHODS: Using the NHANES 2011-2018, we identified 1320 cancer survivors and 19,109 participants without cancer who provided data on recreational, work-related, and transportation-related physical activity and sedentary behavior. The included participants were over 20 years of age, not pregnant at the time of the survey, and were more than three years from their cancer diagnosis, if applicable. Comparisons between cancer survivors and individuals without cancer were conducted for duration of total physical activity (min/day) and sedentary time per day. To account for the complex sampling design, weighted multivariable analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Compared to individuals without cancer, cancer survivors reported less average ± standard error physical activity minutes per day (190.06 ± 5.24 and 147.29 ± 13.14, respectively), and slightly more sedentary hours per day (6.95 ± 0.09 and 7.56 ± 0.36, respectively). However, after adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, sex, educational status, body mass index, and smoking status, there was no association between physical activity duration or sedentary time and cancer survivor status. The OR (95%CI) for more than 60 minutes per day of physical activity was 1.00 (0.83, 1.20) compared to no physical activity, and for more than 8 hours of sedentary time per day was 1.00 (0.82, 1.21) compared to less than 5 hours per day. DISCUSSION: In a previous publication of earlier cycles of NHANES (2007-2010), cancer survivors reported higher physical activity but also higher sedentary time per day compared to individuals without cancer. However, these results were not supported in this updated analysis using more recent NHANES cycles (2011-2018). After adjustment for important covariates, we did not find differences between cancer survivors and individuals without cancer in reported physical activity or sedentary time. Further research in other populations is needed to corroborate these findings and document whether they reflect a growing awareness of the negative impact of sedentary behavior in cancer survivorship. Citation Format: Anna Marie Pavy, Susan E. Steck. Physical activity and sedentary behavior of cancer survivors compared to individuals without cancer in NHANES [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3413.

Abstract P215: Activity Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes in People Living With HIV

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are independently associated with cardiometabolic health; data on activity behaviors and cardiometabolic health among people living with HIV (PWH) are limited. Hypothesis: Activity behaviors would differ by age and that not meeting PA Guidelines would be associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases among PWH. Methods: Using NHANES 2007-08 through 2017-18, PWH (n=125; age 44.3 yrs) were characterized as emerging (18-29 yrs), early (30-44 yrs) and middle (45-59 yrs) adulthood. Achieving Guidelines (≥150 min/wk) was derived from self-reported PA across three domains. SB was reported as time spent sitting. Chronic conditions were high cholesterol, obesity, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Prevalence estimates of joint high SB (≥8 h/day) and inactivity (&lt;10 min/wk) were calculated, and regression models were used to estimate differences in behaviors by age and investigate the association between achieving Guidelines and chronic conditions. Results: PWH reported 395.8 min/day of SB with 37.5% spending over 8 h/day sitting. There was no significant difference in SB across lifestage. A total of 67.2% achieved Guidelines although 14% were jointly inactive and highly sedentary. Compared with early adult PWH, middle adult PWH spent more time performing transport-related PA (β= 102.7 min/wk, p =0.009) and less time performing leisure-time PA (β= -211 min/wk, p =0.044) ( Figure ). Compared with PWH meeting Guidelines , those that did not meet Guidelines had higher diastolic blood pressure (β= 6.1 mmHg [CI: 2.6, 9.6]) and higher odds of obesity (OR=2.5[CI: 1.0, 6.4]). Conclusions: Domain-specific differences occurred in transportation and leisure time PA among PWH - a high-risk group for cardiovascular disease. Not meeting the Guidelines resulted in greater odds of obesity and higher diastolic blood pressure. Future research should incorporate device-based measures of movement to understand its relation to chronic disease in PWH.

Association of domain-specific physical activity with albuminuria among prediabetes and diabetes: a large cross-sectional study

BackgroundAlbuminuria, the presence of excess of protein in urine, is a well-known risk factor for early kidney damage among diabetic/prediabetic patients. There is a complex interaction between physical activity (PA) and albuminuria. However, the relationship of specific-domain PA and albuminuria remained obscure.MethodsAlbuminuria was defined as urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) > 30 mg/g. PA was self-reported by participants and classified into transportation-related PA (TPA), occupation-related PA (OPA), and leisure-time PA (LTPA). Weighted logistic regression was conducted to compute the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to evaluate the dose–response of PA domains with the risk of albuminuria.ResultsA total of 6739 diabetic/prediabetic patients (mean age: 56.52 ± 0.29 years) were enrolled in our study, including 3181 (47.20%) females and 3558 (52.80%) males. Of them, 1578 (23.42%) were identified with albuminuria, and 5161(76.58%) were without albuminuria. Diabetic/prediabetic patients who adhered the PA guidelines for total PA had a 22% decreased risk of albuminuria (OR = 0.78, 95%CI 0.64–0.95), and those met the PA guidelines for LTPA had a 28% decreased of albuminuria (OR = 0.72, 95%CI 0.57–0.92). However, OPA and TPA were both not associated with decreased risk of albuminuria. RCS showed linear relationship between the risk of albuminuria with LTPA.ConclusionsMeeting the PA guideline for LTPA, but not OPA and TPA, was inversely related to the risk of albuminuria among diabetic/prediabetic patients. Additionally, achieving more than 300 min/week of LTPA conferred the positive effects in reducing albuminuria among diabetic/prediabetic patients.

Analysis of physical activity and prescription opioid use among US adults: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundOpioid crisis has become a global concern, but whether physical activity (PA) can effectively reduce prescription opioid use remains unclear. The study aimed to examine the relationship of different domains of PA (e.g., occupation-related PA [OPA], transportation-related PA [TPA], leisure-time PA [LTPA]) with prescription opioid use and duration of prescription opioid use.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 27,943 participants aged ≥ 18 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007– March 2020). We examined the relationship of different domains of PA with prescription opioid use and duration of prescription opioid use using multivariable logistic regression. Stratified analysis and a series of sensitivity analysis were used to elevate robustness. All analyses were conducted using appropriate sampling weights.ResultsOf the 27,943 participants, the mean age was 45.10 years, with 14,018 [weighted, 50.0%] females and 11,045 [weighted, 66.0%] non-Hispanic White. After multivariable adjustment, inverse associations between PA and prescription opioid use were observed for sufficient (≥ 150 min/week) total PA (OR,0.68 95%CI [0.56–0.81]), TPA (OR,0.73 95%CI [0.58–0.92]), and LTPA (OR,0.60 95%CI [0.48–0.75]) compared with insufficient PA(< 150 min/week), but not for sufficient OPA (OR,0.93 95%CI [0.79–1.10]). In addition, the associations were dose-responsive, participants had 22–40%, 27–36%, and 26–47% lower odds of using prescription opioids depending on the duration of total PA, TPA, and LTPA, respectively. Nevertheless, the impact of PA on prescription opioid use varied by duration of opioid use. Sufficient total PA was associated with elevated odds of short-term use of prescription opioids (< 90 days). Comparatively, sufficient total PA, TPA, and LTPA had different beneficial effects on reducing long-term use of prescription opioids (≥ 90 days) depending on the strength of opioids.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated sufficient total PA, TPA, and LTPA were inversely associated with prescription opioid use and varied depending on the duration and strength of prescription opioid use. These findings highlight PA can provide policy guidance to address opioid crisis.