Transformation Of Space Research Articles

Homogeneous Functions on Hilbert Spaces and Quasiconformal Transformations of the Sphere

Homogeneous Functions on Hilbert Spaces and Quasiconformal Transformations of the Sphere

Towards effective privacy preservation in federated learning with automatic gradient clipping and gradient transformation perturbation

Abstract Differential privacy can effectively help federated learning resist privacy attacks from various parties. However, existing approaches that use differential privacy for privacy protection greatly decrease the model performance of federated learning, especially in scenarios with complex model structures and large parameters. In this paper, we propose a novel privacy preservation scheme for federated learning that combines automatic gradient clipping and gradient transformation perturbation. Our approach primarily reduces the impact of differential privacy on federated learning from two aspects. Firstly, we efficiently control the gradient sensitivity by using automatic gradient clipping instead of traditional threshold clipping. Secondly, we utilize the space transformation technique to alleviate the dramatic accuracy degradation of the model caused by the insertion noise. Extensive experiments on various benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach achieves a good trade-off between data privacy and effectiveness under the same privacy budget.

Transcending Borders: A Transnational Feminist Interpretation of Identity, Agency, and Resistance in Monica Ali’s Novel “Brick Lane”

This paper explores the application of transnational feminist theory to Monica Ali’s novel “Brick Lane”, which traces the journey of Nazneen, a Bangladeshi immigrant woman navigating the complexities of migration, gender, identity, and cultural adaptation in London. The paper examines how the novel reflects transnational feminist themes, focusing on the intersections of gender, race, class, and culture in the immigrant experience. By analyzing key characters, settings, and plot developments, this study demonstrates how the novel critiques both global capitalism and patriarchal control while offering space for individual agency and transformation. The paper concludes that Ali’s Brick Lane provides a powerful narrative of women's empowerment that highlights the interconnectedness of global and local systems of oppression and resistance, offering valuable insights into transnational feminist perspectives in contemporary literature.

Transcending Borders: A Transnational Feminist Interpretation of Identity, Agency, and Resistance in Monica Ali’s Novel “Brick Lane”

This paper explores the application of transnational feminist theory to Monica Ali’s novel “Brick Lane”, which traces the journey of Nazneen, a Bangladeshi immigrant woman navigating the complexities of migration, gender, identity, and cultural adaptation in London. The paper examines how the novel reflects transnational feminist themes, focusing on the intersections of gender, race, class, and culture in the immigrant experience. By analyzing key characters, settings, and plot developments, this study demonstrates how the novel critiques both global capitalism and patriarchal control while offering space for individual agency and transformation. The paper concludes that Ali’s Brick Lane provides a powerful narrative of women's empowerment that highlights the interconnectedness of global and local systems of oppression and resistance, offering valuable insights into transnational feminist perspectives in contemporary literature.

MGAug: Multimodal Geometric Augmentation in Latent Spaces of Image Deformations.

MGAug: Multimodal Geometric Augmentation in Latent Spaces of Image Deformations.

MetaPrism: Intelligent Personalized Engagement Policy for User's Security and Privacy in Metaverse Environment

ABSTRACTEarly iterations of the metaverse have exposed serious flaws pertaining to user privacy and engagement with other users/entities. Users have been able to collude and block the movement of an individual user, abuse and demean them, and violate their privacy. Such security flaws may hamper the widespread adoption of the metaverse. The bad experiences with largely unregulated social networks, manifesting in fake user profiles, sentiment manipulation through fake news and potential law and order problems, weighs heavily on the future commercial success of the metaverse. Amidst calls for tighter regulation of social media and new metaverse platforms by national governments, the metaverse platform designers would need to address these existing loopholes on priority. This article presents MetaPrism, a novel user‐defined personal engagement policy governing user interactions with other users and entities in the metaverse environment. MetaPrism's unique integration of a user‐defined engagement policy and a deep learning‐based intrusion detection system (DL‐IDS) provides an unprecedented combination of user autonomy and the capability of real‐time threat detection. MetaPrism enables fine‐grained control over how other users and entities engage with an individual user, including the extent and scope of their interactions. Beyond improving individual user safety and privacy, MetaPrism establishes a scalable, flexible model that aligns with emerging regulatory frameworks, ensuring ethical and secure growth of the metaverse. Our proposed approach also encompasses the pressing need for an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for a virtual assistant, human‐computer interfaces, and Internet of Things (IoT) device‐enabled metaverse environments. By empowering users with comprehensive privacy controls and delivering reliable cyber threat detection, MetaPrism paves the way for broader adoption and trust in metaverse platforms and thus assuages the security concerns with metaverse to a large extent. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DL‐IDS achieves a classification accuracy of 95.46% and an F1‐score of 95.8%, ensuring reliable detection of cyber threats such as DDoS, DoS, and reconnaissance attacks. This framework not only mitigates security risks but also fosters a safer, user‐driven ecosystem, ensuring the metaverse realizes its full potential as a transformative digital space.

‘I feel good here’

The aim of this article is to understand how a group of subsidised employees constructed a collective identity and symbolic community, and the role the municipal labour market programme played in that process. Further, it explores whether and how a shared collective identity and symbolic community may provide an explanation for how the ‘successful intervention/lock-in effect paradox’ occurs when using subsidised employment as an activation intervention. The article is based on a qualitative interview study with eight social workers and 11 subsidised employees from a Swedish municipal labour market programme that offered subsidised employment as its main intervention. The interviews were analysed using the concepts of social identity and symbolic community. The article shows that subsidised employment plays a crucial role in subsidised employees constructing their identity as ‘persons with a job’, as distinct from the activation interventions usually associated with social assistance. The labour market programme serves as a transformative space where receiving a salary becomes a symbol of distinction, marking a significant departure from past experiences of receiving social assistance. The article also highlights the role of social workers in subsidised employees’ identity processes. The social workers perceived the subsidised employees as participants with special needs, and subsidised employment as an intervention which could influence the planning and support provided during the subsidised employment. The collective identity developed by the participants fostered a sense of community, but also led to reluctance to leave the programme, driven by the fear of reverting to social assistance, and once again being excluded from the labour market. The article concludes that the subsidised employees risked getting stuck in a borderland between work exclusion and work inclusion and, therefore, that subsidised employment can potentially place participants in a state of ‘marginalised inclusion’ in the labour market, instead of supporting participants into regular employment.

Overtourism after the COVID-19 pandemic: Ecological degradation and social tensions in tourist destinations

Background: Bali, one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world, has experienced a surge in visitor numbers following the COVID-19 pandemic. While tourism has significantly contributed to the recovery of the local economy, overtourism has emerged as a phenomenon that is causing various environmental and social problems. One of the issues caused by tourism in Bali is the increase in land and property rental prices, as well as the transformation and utilisation of traditional spaces for commercial purposes. This shift not only displaces local communities but also threatens the cultural heritage that makes Bali unique, prompting calls for more sustainable tourism practices that prioritize both the environment and the well-being of residents. Methods: The scope of this research is Bali, especially in the south Bali region, which has been reported to experience overtourism after recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses secondary data from published research and other sources, as well as interviews with policymakers, local residents, and related institutions. Findings: This paper aims to analyse environmental degradation and social problems caused by overtourism, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. The decline in environmental quality has raised concerns among local communities and conservation activists. Furthermore, the social fabric of the region has been strained, as the increasing number of visitors has contributed to increased competition for resources and changed the traditional way of life for many residents. Conclusion: Overtourism in Bali post-pandemic has led to environmental degradation and social disruptions. Sustainable tourism practices are needed to balance economic benefits with the preservation of local communities and cultural heritage. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study highlights the impact of overtourism in Bali after the COVID-19 pandemic, integrating environmental and social perspectives. By using secondary data and interviews with key stakeholders, it provides insights into the urgent need for sustainable tourism strategies.

A Step Towards Real-Time Release Testing of Pharmaceutical Tablets: Utilization of CIELAB Color Space

Background: The pharmaceutical industry is shifting from end-product testing towards real-time release testing. This approach is based on the continuous collection of process data and product information, which is finally utilized for the release decision. For continuous direct compression, spectroscopic technologies are preferred due to their short acquisition time and non-destructive nature. Methods: Here, the feasibility of the CIELAB color space was demonstrated for porosity and tensile strength. Five different formulations were processed, varying in particle size and deformation behavior. The compression forces were varied from 3 to 18 kN and the CIELAB color space was measured in-line using a UV/Vis probe implemented in the ejection position of the tablet machine. Results: Increasing the main compression force during tableting decreases the tablet surface roughness and porosity. In addition, the tablet tensile strength increases. These changes affected the reflection behavior of radiation on the tablet surface, resulting in a change in the chroma value C*. These dependencies were utilized for the in-line monitoring of porosity and tensile strength. Linear relations were observed for all formulations as exemplary, indicated by sufficient coefficients of determination and verification runs. Conclusions: Finally, UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in combination with a CIELAB color space transformation was demonstrated to be a suitable real-time release tool.

Elevating Excellence: Teaching and Learning About Spelman College and Johnnetta Cole

Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) are invaluable American institutions. Since their founding, they have provided affirming and transformative spaces for their students, produced countless leaders, and served as the vanguard of movements for change across the globe. Unfortunately, these institutions are often misunderstood and undervalued. Likewise, Black women have played indispensable roles in global change efforts, yet historical narratives of Black women are often marginalized or omitted in social studies teaching and learning. Thus, this article highlights the work of one HBCU, Spelman College, and its first Black female president, anthropologist Johnnetta Betsch Cole, as a means of engaging learners in broader understandings of Black life across space and time. The article concludes with a lesson plan to extend discussions of HBCUs and Dr. Cole’s leadership.

The Business Value of IoT and Big Data Analytics

This study analyzes the disruptive impact of combining the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data Analytics on contemporary business models. This research investigates how these technologies use data-driven decision-making, better operational efficiency, and innovative business models across retail, healthcare, manufacturing, and logistics by integrating a review of current literature and evidenced case study examples across industries. Strategic issues to think about when developing a sustainable growth strategy with IoT and Big Data, building competitive advantage in value creation, transformation of market spaces, and return on investment are considered for companies. The findings indicate that the strategic deployment of IoT and Big Data provides room for new service-led business models and personalization in customer experience.

Operationalizing Sustainability in Old Community Renewal: A Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Resident Satisfaction in Chengdu, China

The sustainable renewal of old communities is a key approach to improving residents’ quality of life and optimizing urban stock space. However, the research on the effectiveness of renewal initiatives, particularly regarding resident satisfaction, remains insufficient. This study aimed to develop a structured approach by constructing a sustainable development framework with 28 indicators across five aspects—traffic space, leisure space, green space, sense of belonging, and comfort—to evaluate residents’ satisfaction with both physical and spiritual dimensions. Utilizing the IPA–Kano method, a revised IPA quadrant diagram was generated to guide optimization efforts. This study conducted an extensive survey across 16 communities in Chengdu, China, to identify key patterns and challenges. Based on these insights, four representative projects were selected as case studies. The study revealed that the 28 evaluation indicators were categorized into 12 necessary needs and 16 expectation needs. Furthermore, the community renewal projects in Chengdu place a notably greater emphasis on the spiritual dimension. Specifically, satisfaction scores for 14 indicators—11 related to the material dimension and 3 related to the spiritual dimension—were found to be below the average score of 3.28. Targeted renewal strategies are proposed for these indicators. This method offers valuable insights and references for future old community renewal designs and contributes to the sustainable transformation of urban stock spaces in China.

Development Trends of Cultural and Creative Industries in Ukraine in the First Quarter of the 21th Century

The purpose of this article is to analyse the main trends in the development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine in the first quarter of the 21st century. It examines the influence of cultural, social, and economic changes on the formation and transformation of cultural and creative industries, including artistic projects, national brands, and cultural initiatives. The research methodology is based on general scientific principles of systematisation and generalisation, which enabled the author to identify and scientific prove the key trends of the development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine. The implementation of the systematic approach provided an analysis of cultural and creative industries as a complex and dynamic system that interacts with socio-cultural and economic processes. The comparative method allowed for the analyse of the development of cultural and creative industries in European countries and the identify their specificity in Ukraine. The analytical method facilitated the identification of conceptual foundations and characteristics of cultural and creative industries as a tool for cultural transformation. The historical approach ensured an understanding of the evolution of cultural and creative industries in the context of global trends and transformations of the Ukrainian cultural space. Using the descriptive method, the current state of the development of cultural and creative industries, their impact on Ukraine's artistic environment, and the international cultural brand of the country were analysed. The scientific novelty of the article lies in conducting a cultural analysis of the main trends in the development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine in the first quarter of the 21st century, particularly through studying their interaction with European and global practices. For the first time, conceptual approaches to the formation of Ukraine's cultural brand based on artistic projects in the context of globalisation challenges and contemporary cultural transformations are examined. Conclusions: The development of cultural and creative industries in Ukraine in the first quarter of the 21st century occurs amidst dynamic changes in the socio-cultural environment, driven by globalisation, digitalisation, and the activation of artistic initiatives. An analysis of international experience confirms that cultural and creative industries play a key role in shaping the national cultural brand and enhancing Ukraine's international competitiveness. It has been established that artistic projects are an effective tool for developing cultural and creative industries, contributing to creative self-expression, creating new opportunities for artists, and strengthening cultural ties at both national and international levels. Integrating global practices and adapting them to Ukrainian realities opens up prospects for the further development of cultural and creative industries as an important element of the country's cultural transformation.

A dataset for surface defect detection on complex structured parts based on photometric stereo

Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) technology is crucial for industrial defect detection but struggles with shadows and surface reflectivity, resulting in false positives and missed detections, especially on non-planar parts. To address these issues, a novel defect detection technique based on deep learning and photometric stereo vision was proposed, along with the creation of the Metal Surface Defect Dataset (MSDD). The proposed Stroboscopic Illuminant Image Acquisition (SIIA) method uses a specially arranged illuminant setup and a Taylor Series Channel Mixer (TSCM) to blend multi-angle illumination images into pseudo-color images. This approach enables end-to-end defect detection using universal object detectors. The method involves mapping color space transformations to spatial domain transformations and utilizing hue randomization for data augmentation. Four object detection methods (FCOS, YOLOv5, YOLOv8, and RT-DETR) were validated on the MSDD, achieving an mAP of 86.1%, surpassing traditional methods. The MSDD includes 138,585 single-channel images and 9,239 mixed images, covering eight defect types. This dataset is essential for automated visual inspection of metal surfaces and is freely accessible for research purposes.

Results on Fixed Points in Vector Valued G-Metric Spaces

Introduction: Fixed point theory furnishes a robust framework in mathematics for examining the function and system behavior by centering on fixed points. Kirk et al. brought forth the concept of cyclic transformation in 2003. Cyclic contraction broadens the standard contraction transformations in metric space. By relaxing the requirement of the triangle inequality, -metric space extends the scope of metric spaces. Vector -metric space is GMS in which the metric is lattice valued. Objectives: We give the concept of a vector metric space and define some related concepts. We establish some fixed point results on vector -metric space by using cyclic contraction. To underscore the practical implications and importance of our findings, we offer a range of examples and corollaries. Methods: This research paper outlines fixed point theorems for self-transformations in vector -metric space, with the help of cyclic contraction. Conclusions: Within this manuscript, we illustrate fixed point theorems for self-transformations in V-complete vector -metric space by utilizing cyclic contraction. These outcomes are expected to inspire researchers to explore problem-solving opportunities in diverse areas such as differential equations and functional analysis. Introduction: Fixed point theory furnishes a robust framework in mathematics for examining the function and system behavior by centering on fixed points. Kirk et al. brought forth the concept of cyclic transformation in 2003. Cyclic contraction broadens the standard contraction transformations in metric space. By relaxing the requirement of the triangle inequality, -metric space extends the scope of metric spaces. Vector -metric space is GMS in which the metric is lattice valued. Objectives: We give the concept of a vector metric space and define some related concepts. We establish some fixed point results on vector -metric space by using cyclic contraction. To underscore the practical implications and importance of our findings, we offer a range of examples and corollaries. Methods: This research paper outlines fixed point theorems for self-transformations in vector -metric space, with the help of cyclic contraction. Conclusions: Within this manuscript, we illustrate fixed point theorems for self-transformations in V-complete vector -metric space by utilizing cyclic contraction. These outcomes are expected to inspire researchers to explore problem-solving opportunities in diverse areas such as differential equations and functional analysis.

Unfolding GAL-TAN: the multi-dimensional nature of public opinion in Western Europe

New cultural policy issues, such as environmentalism, nationalism, and gender, have become well integrated into the two-dimensional structure of West European party systems. However, it remains uncertain whether a similar trend towards preference alignment exists among electorates. Studies on public opinion suggest that citizens’ attitudes are less ideologically constrained than parties’ policy packages. Nevertheless, much of the literature on voting takes voter alignment on new cultural issues as given. This study takes a step back to examine which policy dimensions shape public opinion and how these dimensions interrelate across a broad range of West European countries between 1990 and 2017. The results reveal strong regional patterns, but provide limited evidence of temporal alignment. Notably, nationalism does not strongly shape public opinion in Southern Europe, while gender roles form a weak dimension in Nordic countries. These results shed new light on the transformation of policy spaces.

Contextualized Quaternion Embedding Towards Polysemy in Knowledge Graph for Link Prediction

To meet the challenge of incompleteness within Knowledge Graphs, Knowledge Graph Embedding(KGE) has emerged as the fundamental methodology for predicting the missing link(Link Prediction), by mapping entities and relations as low-dimensional vectors in continuous space. However, current KGE models often struggle with the polysemy issue, where entities exhibit different semantic characteristics depending on the relations in which they participate. Such limitation stems from weak interactions between entities and their relation contexts, leading to low expressiveness in modeling complex structures and resulting in inaccurate predictions. To address this, we propose ConQuatE ( Con textualized Quat ernion E mbedding), a model that enhances the representation learning of entities across multiple semantic dimensions by leveraging quaternion rotation to capture diverse relational contexts. In specific, ConQuatE incorporates contextual cues from various connected relations to enrich the original entity representations. Notably, this is achieved through efficient vector transformations in quaternion space, without any extra information required other than original triples. Experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms state-of-the-art models for Link Prediction on four widely-recognized datasets: FB15k-237, WN18RR, FB15k and WN18.

Non-convergence of some non-commuting double ergodic averages

Let S S and T T be measure-preserving transformations of a probability space ( X , B , μ ) (X,\mathcal {B},\mu ) . Let f f be a bounded measurable function, and consider the integrals of the corresponding ‘double’ ergodic averages: \[ 1 n ∑ i = 0 n − 1 ∫ f ( S i x ) f ( T i x ) d μ ( x ) ( n ≥ 1 ) . \frac {1}{n}\sum _{i=0}^{n-1} \int f(S^ix)f(T^ix)\,d\mu (x) \qquad (n\ge 1). \] We construct examples for which these integrals do not converge as n → ∞ n\to \infty . These include examples in which S S and T T are rigid, and hence have entropy zero, answering a question of Frantzikinakis and Host. Our proof begins with a corresponding construction for orthogonal operators on a Hilbert space, and then obtains transformations of a Gaussian measure space from them.

A non-contact calibration method of workpiece coordinate system for aero-engine blade-robotic grinding system

Mounting error of the blade is an important factor that affects the grinding quality in aero-engine blade-robotic grinding system. In order to compensate for the mounting error, it is necessary to calibrate the pose of the workpiece coordinate system. However, most of the current workpiece calibration methods cannot meet the high accuracy requirements in the scenario of aero-engine blade grinding. Therefore, this paper proposes a new non-contact calibration method of workpiece coordinate system using scanner measurement, to solve the workpiece calibration problem in aero-engine blade-robotic grinding system. The method first calibrates the scanner based on the criterion sphere hand-eye calibration method and employs the Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm to ensure the accuracy of the fitted sphere center coordinates. Then, the point cloud registration algorithms are used to align the scanned point cloud of the blade with the model point cloud. Finally, the space transformation matrix between the workpiece coordinate system and the base coordinate system is obtained through matrix calculation, achieving the accurate calibration of the workpiece coordinate system. The experimental validation of the proposed calibration method in this paper can maintain tiny and acceptable errors for grinding applications. Specifically, the hand-eye calibration error is less than 0.2 mm, and the point cloud registration error is less than 0.06 mm. Moreover, the calibrated blade exhibits excellent machining consistency after grinding, which can perfectly meet the requirements of actual machining accuracy.

Theatre of the Innova(c)tors: an interactive theatre tool to create transformative spaces

Abstract Complex sustainability challenges call for transformative spaces where participants are encouraged to move away from conventional thinking. Arts-based and embodied practices can enable new encounters with the world and new forms of meaning-making. We introduce the Theatre of the Innova(c)tors, an interactive theatre tool that encourages reflexivity and learning by creating transformative spaces. Inspired by the techniques of Theatre of the Oppressed, specifically Image Theatre, this tool engages diverse audiences and empowers participants. The Theatre of the Innova(c)tors can serve as a pedagogical innovation and intervention tool to explore different dimensions of care and can be applied in different communities, where it needs to be contextualised and customised to their specific needs.