A protocol for external biosecurity assessment against wildlife in intensive pig farms: Are we ready for African Swine Fever?

Empowering healthcare professionals in anti-doping: A train-the-trainer approach.

A traditional Chinese Yijinjing mind-body training program improves balance and gait in stroke survivors: A randomized controlled trial.

Improving general practitioners communication skills to better manage chronic respiratory diseases through an experiential online training intervention: A mixed methods study.

Green intensive care in an upper-middle-income country: A national survey of awareness, practices and barriers among ICU physicians in Turkey.

Stakeholders' views and recommendations on active participation of family members in direct ICU care: A qualitative study.

Effects of Cha-Cha dance training on fall-related physical performance and cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease: A feasibility study.

A precise understanding of the national neurosurgical workforce is essential for effective healthcare planning and ensuring the long-term sustainability of the specialty. In Italy, the number of newly trained neurosurgeons is strictly limited by a competitive national residency entrance system, making accurate forecasting of workforce needs critical. Recent evidence suggests an aging neurosurgical population, highlighting the urgency of estimating retirements and training requirements to maintain adequate staffing levels. However, updated and comprehensive data on the national neurosurgical workforce have long been lacking. The Società Italiana di Neurochirurgia (SINCH) therefore promoted a national census to provide an accurate overview of all active neurosurgeons during the biennium 2022-2023. A national cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between 2022 and 2023 to characterize the demographics and distribution of neurosurgeons within the Italian Public Health System and affiliated facilities. Three principal investigators and one supervisor coordinated the project under SINCH supervision. Data were collected through: 1) consolidation of the SINCH-PROGETKA database; 2) direct verification via personalized e-mails to all 113 neurosurgical unit directors (112 complete replies); 3) systematic web-based searches across 17 medical directory platforms; and 4) cross-matching with official medical organizations (FNOMCEO). Data were analyzed by institution type, geographic area, gender, age, and leadership role. A total of 1489 active neurosurgeons were identified, with 1055 (74.1%) confirmed as SINCH members. Most professionals worked in public institutions (AOSSN 51.1%, AOU 17.2%, IRCCS 9.7%, AOU-IRCCS 5.4%), while 235 (15.9%) operated primarily in the private sector. Workforce distribution showed marked regional disparities: Northern and Central Italy accounted for 71% of neurosurgeons, whereas the South and Islands hosted only 29%. The national average was 1 neurosurgeon per 39,523 inhabitants, one of the highest ratios in Europe. Women represented 24.1% of active neurosurgeons but only <4% of unit directors. The mean age of directors was 59 years, reflecting an aging leadership cohort. This updated census provides the most comprehensive profile to date of Italian neurosurgeons. Despite adequate overall numbers, regional and gender imbalances persist, and leadership renewal remains limited. When compared with the previous ICoNe2 study, these data confirm Italy's exceptionally high neurosurgical density and underscore the need for coordinated workforce planning, optimization of training programs, and rational redistribution of resources to ensure sustainable and equitable neurosurgical care nationwide.

Building regional resilience through veterinary epidemiology training: Reflections from the Regional Field Epidemiology Training Program for Veterinarians (R-FETPV) in Asia-Pacific.

Developing a Preliminarily Validated Competency-Based Integrative Oncology Training Questionnaire.

With advances in technology, 30-50% of anesthesia cases have moved to nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) sites. NORA challenges include patient and ergonomic complexity, which can complicate anesthesia care during routine and emergency situations. This review aimed to summarize current evidence on NORA crisis resource management (CRM). CRM in NORA is characterized by working with unfamiliar teams in locations not primarily designed for delivering anesthesia care. Equipment and personnel resources may be limited or different from what is available in the operating room. While few studies directly evaluate the effect of CRM in NORA settings, there is widespread consensus about the utility of crisis simulation training to improve team behaviors, role clarity, and timeliness of care. In addition, team building, process improvement, and the development of cognitive aids can be byproducts of well-executed CRM training programs. CRM can address several of the key challenges in NORA, including working in unfamiliar teams and in locations not primarily designed for anesthesia care. The paucity of studies may reflect the difficulty of implementing interprofessional CRM training in production-driven settings. Future research efforts should explore barriers to CRM training and successful implementation strategies in NORA.

Effects of pickleball on pre-frailty, physical fitness, 24-hour movement behaviors, and quality of life in older adults: A randomized controlled trial.

Unperceived Territory: The Impact of Private Equity on Graduate Medical Education.

Effects of distinct prebriefing and debriefing on learning outcomes in advanced life support training for ward nurses: A randomized controlled trial.

Factors contributing to limited patient involvement in physician-patient communication in South Korea: A qualitative study.

Communication guidelines for healthcare professionals working with adults with changed cognitive capacity and their carers: A scoping review with implications for neuro-oncology.

This study explores women’s leadership in higher education through a synthesis of research on leadership trends, organizational challenges, and institutional op-portunities influencing progression into senior academic and administrative roles. A PRISMA-based systematic review was conducted using peer-reviewed studies identified through academic databases, with search terms related to aca-demic leadership and higher education management. After screening and apply-ing inclusion criteria, the selected studies were analyzed using thematic synthe-sis. The findings indicate increasing scholarly attention to women’s leadership in higher education, alongside persistent management-related challenges, including constrained leadership pipelines, promotion systems focused on academic output, centralized governance structures, workload imbalance, and limited leadership development opportunities. The review also identifies institutional practices that support leadership progression, such as mentorship, succession planning, leader-ship training programs, and transparent evaluation systems. This study contrib-utes to the higher education management literature by integrating leadership trends, organizational challenges, and leadership development practices within a single analytical perspective.

Generative artificial intelligence use in medical research: A medical student vs. physician survey from Saudi Arabia.

Mental health disorders are a major problem globally, particularly among vulnerable groups such as youth. In resource-limited settings, community health volunteers (CHVs), including youth volunteers, play a crucial role in mental health promotion, stigma reduction, early identification of distress and referral to formal services. However, evidence on training components and delivery strategies of mental health training programmes for youth CHVs remains limited. This systematic review following PRISMA guidelines aims to identify the key components, delivery strategies and reported outcomes of mental health training programmes for youth CHVs, in order to inform future module development to enhance volunteers' motivation, self-efficacy, knowledge and communication skills. English articles published between 2010 and 2024 were searched through PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Eligibility criteria included mental health training interventions for non-professional community volunteers, including youth volunteers with measurable outcomes. Data were extracted and quality assessment performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Seven studies were included in this review. Training content focusing on mental health literacy, building communication and counselling skills, stigma reduction and mental health promotion demonstrated the most significant improvement in CHV's knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy. Programs adapting interactive strategies of role-playing, case studies and group discussion, combined with classroom teaching methods were significantly effective as well. Participants expressed greater confidence in handling mental health disorders within their communities. In conclusion, training programmes that prioritise mental health literacy, stigma reduction, supportive communication, self-care and help-seeking behaviour skill, implemented through interactive delivery methods are the most effective. The findings are essential for the future development of training module for youth CHVs to empower and enhance their capability to deliver effective mental health care within their community. CRD42024562221 (PROSPERO).

Technology-based adjuncts have been used to incentivize and boost upper extremity (UE) motor rehabilitation among children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP). To evaluate the feasibility and perceived benefit of a clinician-delivered ride-on-toy navigation training (RNT) program. Single-group pretest-posttest design. Three-week task-oriented UE training camp. Children with UCP (N = 13) ages 4 to 11 yr. Children received 5 hours of unimanual practice and 1 hour of bimanual practice 5 days/wk for 3 wk. As part of daily camp programming, they received 15 to 30 min of RNT delivered by clinicians (two occupational therapists and two physical therapists). Ride-on toys were operated with a single joystick on the child's affected side. Feasibility and acceptance of RNT were assessed by tracking session adherence and in-session affected UE use and through a clinician-rated exit questionnaire. Clinicians' satisfaction with the program was assessed using an exit questionnaire and the ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire. The high degree of session adherence indicated that the RNT program was feasible for clinicians to deliver. Children showed high levels of in-session affected UE use and improved scores on the ABILHAND-Kids questionnaire from pretest to posttest. Clinicians rated program-related satisfaction as high and indicated they had noted benefits from incorporating RNT into camp programming. These pilot data suggest that RNT can be successfully delivered by clinicians within an intensive camp and may be used as an engaging technology-based intervention to promote UE motor function in children with UCP. Plain-Language Summary: This pilot study provides evidence that a training program, in which single-joystick-operated ride-on toys are used as therapy adjuncts, can be incorporated into an intensive three-week upper extremity training camp for children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Clinicians were able to successfully deliver the ride-on-toy navigation training program with children with unilateral cerebral palsy as part of a modified constraint-induced movement therapy camp. Children demonstrated high levels of session adherence, the ride-on-toy navigation training program promoted high levels of affected upper extremity use across three weeks, and children improved their bimanual upper extremity use during daily activities after the training program. Clinicians indicated that they were satisfied with the ride-on-toy navigation training program and found it feasible to deliver. Modified ride-on toys can be used in conventional rehabilitation settings, such as intensive camps, as a child-friendly way to promote upper extremity motor function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy.