Training Path Research Articles

Evaluating Passing Capacity in High-Speed Rail Hub Stations: Multi-Objective Optimization for Multi-Directional Train Routes

This study presents a comprehensive method for calculating the passing capacity of high-speed rail hub stations, accommodating the complexity of intersecting train paths from multiple directions. Unlike traditional models, this approach distinguishes passing capacity by assessing each train path type individually. Employing a multi-objective framework with the NSGA-III algorithm, we seek to identify optimal trade-offs (Pareto front) in station capacity under different cross-line train configurations. Through detailed numerical simulations with both a small-scale model and Jinanxi Railway Station, the methodology demonstrates its validity and effectiveness. This enhanced capacity representation offers critical insights for strategic operational planning and decision-making in managing railway transport systems.

Application of Path Analysis for the Effect of Spiritual Health on Self-efficacy by Mediation of Resilience Among Medical Students

Background: Given the importance of spiritual health, resilience, and Self-efficacy in medical students for coping with the challenges of their long training path, this study was conducted to analyze these variables and their correlations among a group of medical students. Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 300 medical students. The subjects were randomly selected, their demographic information recorded, and they were asked to carefully complete the questionnaires. The Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Sherer’s Self-efficacy Scale were used to measure spiritual health, resilience, and Self-efficacy, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and EQS 6.4. Results were reported as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was set at P-value ≤ 0.05. Results: In this study, the mean scores for spiritual health, resilience, and Self-efficacy were 73.02, 79.67, and 59.01, respectively. The results showed a positive and significant correlation between religious health and resilience (β = 0.34, P < 0.001) and between existential health and resilience (β = 0.33, P < 0.001). Additionally, a significant correlation was found between religious health and Self-efficacy, both directly and indirectly (β = 0.85, P < 0.001), and between existential health and Self-efficacy indirectly (β = 0.29, P < 0.001). Furthermore, resilience had a direct effect on Self-efficacy (β = 0.87, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Spiritual health can predict resilience and Self-efficacy. Since individuals with high mental health demonstrate greater resilience, it can be concluded that providing supportive factors, such as religion and spirituality, to enhance mental health and spiritual intelligence can lead to improved resilience and Self-efficacy.

ASSESSMENT OF FIREFIGHTERS’ SAFETY DURING EXERCISES AND TRAINING IN A SMOKE CHAMBER

In the process of vocational training, firefighters undergo a series of refresher exercises and tests(examinations) to verify their resilience to factors that may be encountered during actual rescueoperations. One such training is smoke chamber exercises and tests, which examine firefighters’resilience to psychophysical stresses in conditions close to real life. Orientation, the ability tomove in smoke-logged conditions and in confined spaces are all tested during improvementdrills. This article presents the results of a study aiming to establish the safety level of firefightersduring exercises and tests in a smoke chamber, based on selected criteria, which comprised thenumber of firefighters on the training path, the length of the training path, the capacity of thecompressed air cylinders, the change in heart rate while traversing the training path, the BMIindex, the knowledge of operating respiratory protection equipment (RPE), the physical workload,the rate of air consumption while traversing the training path and the cognitive abilities of the testparticipants. This paper examines legal considerations and occupational risks for firefighters duringsmoke chamber exercises and tests. Identified organisational factors and individual behavioursaffecting the safety of trainees and techniques of risk-reducing measures are presented, as well asfirefighters’ own safety assessment criteria. Also presented are the results of experimental, surveyand psychometric studies. The research comprised a group of 50 firefighters, both professional andvolunteer, including 46 men and four women. The results of the research work showed that theeffect of short-term exposure to a psychophysical load generated by smoke chamber conditionshas a significant impact on cognitive abilities. It was shown how organisational factors and theindividual behaviour of each firefighter affect their safety during smoke chamber exercises andtests, and solutions were proposed to improve this safety.

Training, practice, and career considerations in forensic psychology: results from a field survey of clinical and non-clinical professionals in the United States

The current field survey describes the identities, training, practices, and careers of 351 U.S. forensic psychologists. Findings are presented for clinical forensic psychologists (n = 323) with additional consideration for those working in institutions (n = 119), private practice (n = 107), or both (n = 90), and separately for non-clinical forensic psychologists (n = 35). The sample was predominantly middle-aged, White, and female. Participants reported various training paths to the field, and professional settings and activities in the field. Student loan debt was common and significant in clinical Forensic psychologists. Income was generally high, with trends in higher incomes for private practice, board certification, urban areas, and certain geographic regions. Gendered income disparities were common, particularly among those later in their careers and in private practice, with relative parity only observed among early-career clinical forensic psychologists in institutions. Career satisfaction was generally high, with some important barriers noted. Overall, the limited representation of those with historically marginalized cultural identities restricted further consideration and understanding of these important factors in the field. Additional data and discussion are provided for these and other areas of demographics and lived experiences, training and related financial considerations, professional practices (including settings, activities, and clinical test use), and career considerations (including income, benefits, retirement planning, and satisfaction). Together, these data and related discussions offer important insights for prospective and current trainees entering the field, professionals seeking to navigate and advance their careers, and field leaders aiming to contribute to the ongoing development of forensic psychology.

Abstract 4136636: Analysis of Racial Disparities in the Training Path to Cardiology: Trends from 2012 to 2022

Introduction: Substantial evidence indicates that racial and ethnic diversity among the physician workforce bridges cultural gaps and improves patient care. Trends in racial diversity across the full training pipeline from undergraduate to practicing cardiologist are not yet well-characterized. Aims: We analyze racial disparities at each stage of training towards becoming a practicing cardiologist, and identify changes in these disparities between 2012 and 2022. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data specifying the racial composition of medical trainees acquired from the Association of American Medical Colleges, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, and Electronic Residency Application Service. Population data was acquired from the US Census Bureau. We computed the representation quotient (RQ) for each racial group at each stage to compare representation among the trainees or physicians to age-matched segments of the US population. Results: RQ decreases from undergraduate to active cardiologist for African Americans (0.719 to 0.314), Hispanics (0.660 to 0.359), American Indians (0.551 to 0.221), and Native Hawaiians (1.121 to 0.512). The lowest RQs of 0.133 and 0.137 were observed for American Indian active internal medicine residents and cardiology fellows, respectively. Racial disparities in medical education declined between 2012 and 2022, with RQs increasing from 0.541 to 0.735 for African American medical school matriculants and from 0.444 to 0.578 for Hispanic medical school matriculants. Similar increases were seen in the active cardiologist population for African Americans (2013 RQ: 0.227, 2022 RQ: 0.342) and Hispanics (2013 RQ: 0.283, 2022 RQ: 0.375). Conclusion: While racial diversity in the cardiology training pipeline has increased over the last decade, significant disparities persist for under-represented minorities. Addressing these barriers will help achieve a cardiology workforce reflective of the diverse population it serves.

Enhanced Interannual Variability of the Spring High‐Temperature Events Over Northeast China and the Associated Mechanisms

AbstractThe spring‐high temperature events (SHTE) over northeast China (NEC) and the related local atmospheric factors including cloud cover, radiation flux, and soil moisture exhibited an increased interannual variability after 1992/93. Correlation analyses reveal that both the North Atlantic quadrupole sea surface temperature anomalies (NAQSSTA) and the spring Siberian snow depth (SSSD) had a stronger linkage with SHTE since the early 1990s. Additionally, the interannual variability of SSSD also showed an interdecadal increase, which is a key factor in the changes of interannual variability of SHTE. Further analyses showed that the NAQSSTA could excite Rossby wave via increasing low‐level atmospheric baroclinicity during 1993–2017. One branch of the wave trains propagated eastward and the other branch propagated northeastward through the Siberian high latitudes, which eventually reached NEC together and resulted in local anomalous anticyclonic circulation and sinking motion. The latter branch could contribute to the low geopotential height and cyclonic anomalies over the Siberian high latitudes, which further favored the increase of snow depth there. Subsequently, the positive snow anomalies facilitate the more occurrences of SHTE by exacerbating the meridional thickness gradient between the polar region and mid‐latitudes and then limiting the Arctic cold air to invade into the south. Meanwhile, the positive polar‐Eurasian pattern (POL) associated with higher SSSD could guide the Rossby wave train originating from the North Atlantic to propagate northeastward, which is consistent with the SHTE‐related wave train path after 1992/93. Model results further reproduce the physical processes that linking the NAQSSTA with SHTE.

The Connotation, Mode and Path of Talent Training in Higher Vocational Education in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

In the era of artificial intelligence, a new form of economy has appeared. Accordingly, it is necessary to adapt to the new era of technical skills, compound and innovative talents. As an important position for training technical talents, higher vocational colleges show new characteristics in the era of artificial intelligence and need to innovate the training mode of talents. Based on this, the article will analyze the difference between higher vocational education and undergraduate vocational education, and focus on the analysis of the innovative path and strategy of higher vocational education to train talents in the era of artificial intelligence, to cultivate innovative skilled talents who adapt to the era of artificial intelligence and meet the needs of the development of society and the era [1].

Young paediatric oncologists and haematologists in Europe – Emerging needs and future perspectives

BackgroundThe “Young NaPHOS” project was launched in 2021, by Young SIOPE, the group for junior members of the European Society for Paediatric Oncology (SIOPE). The Young NaPHOS project aims to build a network of national representatives of young paediatric haematologists and oncologists to discuss organisational and educational aspects at national and European level, differences in the training paths, and the needs to be addressed in the future. MethodsFrom June 2021 until September 2022, three online meetings took place and one online survey was conducted. The meetings focused on presenting the structure and organisational aspects of existing national junior organisations in paediatric haematology and oncology, including their national activities. The survey aimed to investigate the European landscape of national organisations and training paths by inviting 39 young national representatives. ResultsTen out of 34 responders confirmed the existence of a junior organisation in their country. Diversity was noted among the countries for the existence of such organisations, the organisations’ activities, or the membership criteria. Further, the training path to become a paediatric oncologist/haematologist differs a lot. Young paediatric oncologists also shared common concerns, especially regarding networking, international collaboration, and educational opportunities. ConclusionThis project resulted in the creation of a European network among young paediatric oncologists and haematologists, in spreading ideas and offering support, and identified differences and areas for future action of Young SIOPE.

Future Orienteering Evaluation Model: forecasting, foresight and anticipation indices

The following paper adopts the term Future Orienteering to indicate the attitude of openness and preparedness to the future of individuals, communities and organisations. If Futures Studies wants to become an independent field of research, future skills need to be developed with appropriate training paths, and future attitudes and strategies need to be evaluated accurately. Thus, considering the necessity of a measurement system for the evaluation of strategic foresight and future-based activities, this article illustrates a new theoretical model, where special emphasis is placed on the distinction between Forecasting, Foresight and Anticipation, according to the Theory of Anticipation presented in (Poli, Introducing anticipation. In: Poli R (ed) Handbook of anticipation, 2019a); (Poli, Lavorare con Il futuro: idee e strumenti per governarel’incertezza, 2019b); (Poli, Introduction to anticipation studies, 2017). The result is a battery of three synthetic indexes, immediately readable to allow easy comparisons. Here, the following model described represents a preliminary stage in the development of an evaluation system, indeed few suggestions for use will be provided.

Analysis on the Training Path of Team Cohesion of Cheerleading Teams in Colleges and Universities

After years of development, college education has undergone significant changes. Most of the training content is to enable students to grow better, enrich the teaching content, strengthen the individual team spirit and competitiveness, which is of great significance for college students to enter the society in the future. Nowadays, cheerleading is an important part of many universities major competitions. By cultivating students team cohesion, students can have better results in the team. This paper analyzes the development history of cheerleading and focuses on the cultivation strategy of cheerleading cohesion. ??Cheerleading is a sport that has been developed in recent years. It is still in the early stage in our country, but it is favored by Chinese people. Now most universities have cheerleading operations as their main large-scale competitions. By cultivating cohesion, students sense of teamwork is improved. Cheerleading is a kind of sports and fitness program, which can not only make you happy, but also shape your physical beauty. Therefore, cheerleading integrates the movements of body cheerleading and bodybuilding cheerleading, which can show the team spirit of youth and vitality. In the training process of colleges and universities, cultivating students cohesion is the most important, which needs everyone to work together to complete. Therefore, in the teaching stage, we need to encourage students to improve their team consciousness.

Research on the Cultivation Path of Public Management Talents under the Background of High-quality Development

Higher education is closely connected with national strategic needs and economic and social development. High-quality development in higher education is directly related to whether national strategy can be realized and the degree of support for economic and social development. With the continuous development of the country’s social economy, the social demand for high-quality public management personnel is also constantly improving, in this case, on ways to explore the effective public management personnel training path base on the goal of high-quality development, has also become the majority of colleges and universities public management majors and teachers need to think deeply. In this regard, this paper discusses and analyzes the effective path of public management personnel training under the background of high-quality development, only for the reference of the relevant people.

Analysis of the potential of artificial intelligence for professional development and talent management: A systematic literature review

The aim of this paper was to analyse the current applications of Artificial Intelligence in professional development and talent management within the corporate world with a focus on corporate training. By means of a Systematic Literature Review based on the PRISMA 2020 reporting criteria this paper highlights the current applications of AI along with the main benefits and drawbacks associated with its implementation. The findings show that AI is being used to enhance recruitment processes, to identify individual training and development skills and needs, to develop personalised training paths, to retain talent and predict attrition, and to detect future workforce skills development needs. It has been outlined that there is a need for automated talent management processes within companies and that talent intelligence should be implemented along with facing the challenges this will entail, such as minimising the risk of bias and hiring high-skilled qualified personnel.

Talent Development Pathways for Integrating Law and Business in Chinese Universities

The practice of “integration of law and business” in universities has a history of nearly twenty years in China. With the maturity of China’s market economy system, the cultivation of compound talents of law and business become more and more important in the future development of business majors and law majors in universities. This paper mainly adopts literature research method and induction and summary method to collect the relevant literature of the “integration of law and business” curriculum construction and talent training path in the four platforms, and summarizes and analyzes the specific practices in the university running practice. Through research, it is found that in the past five years, the trend of “integration of law and business” in running schools in domestic colleges and universities has been rising, and many business majors in colleges and universities implement the integration of law and business in related courses such as “Economic Law”, “International Economic Law” and “International Trade Law”. Construction of the team of compound teachers of law and business and emphasis on practical teaching are the core part of the cultivating compound talents of law and business. Combing through the historical practice of the training of complex talents of law and business in domestic colleges and universities is helpful to provide reference and guidance for other colleges and universities to carry out the reform of the integration of law and business education, and is conducive to deepening and improving the training mechanism of complex talents of law and business, and train talents who can truly meet the needs of economic and social development.

Footwork Training Path in Tennis Technique

In modern tennis, more than 70% of lost points are often due to inadequate footwork. As the saying goes, the technique is the foundation, but footwork is the key. Without proper footwork, even the best technique cannot fully exploit competitive advantage. This paper examines the footwork training path in tennis technique, aiming to provide a reference for China’s tennis coaches and professional talent training organizations. The goal is to further enhance China’s tennis player development system and to produce high-quality tennis athletic talents for the sports world.

A Study on the Training Path of Applied Talents in English Majors in Universities under the Background of Informatization

A Study on the Training Path of Applied Talents in English Majors in Universities under the Background of Informatization

Energy-efficient neural network training through runtime layer freezing, model quantization, and early stopping

Background:In the last years, neural networks have been massively adopted by industry and research in a wide variety of contexts. Neural network milestones are generally reached by scaling up computation, completely disregarding the carbon footprint required for the associated computations. This trend has become unsustainable given the ever-growing use of deep learning, and could cause irreversible damage to the environment of our planet if it is not addressed soon. Objective:In this study, we aim to analyze not only the effects of different energy saving methods for neural networks but also the effects of the moment of intervention, and what makes certain moments optimal. Method:We developed a novel dataset by training convolutional neural networks in 12 different computer vision datasets and applying runtime decisions regarding layer freezing, model quantization and early stopping at different epochs in each run. We then fit an auto-regressive prediction model on the data collected capable to predict the accuracy and energy consumption achieved on future epochs for different methods. The predictions on accuracy and energy are used to estimate the optimal training path. Results:Following the predictions of the model can save 56.5% of energy consumed while also increasing validation accuracy by 2.38% by avoiding overfitting.The prediction model developed can predict the validation accuracy with a 8.4% of error, the energy consumed with a 14.3% of error and the trade-off between both with a 8.9% of error. Conclusions:This prediction model could potentially be used by the training algorithm to decide which methods apply to the model and at what moment in order to maximize the accuracy-energy trade-off.

Nephrology Partnership for Advancing Technology in Healthcare (N-PATH) Erasmus+ project: The Renal Expert in Vascular Access (REVAC) module.

The Renal Expert in Vascular Access (REVAC) is one of the four modules of the Nephrology Partnership for Advancing Technology in Healthcare (N-PATH) project, the first European-wide advanced training course in diagnostics and interventional nephrology, funded by Erasmus+ Knowledge Alliance, a European Commission program. The N-PATH primary goal was to train 40 young European nephrologists in both theoretical knowledge and practical skills related to interventional nephrology. The REVAC module focused on the crucial aspects of vascular access (VA) care in nephrology practice, as a complementary training path to the actual residency program. The aim was to provide nephrology fellows with comprehensive knowledge and skills related to VA management. The methodology was based on face-to-face meetings and online learning, modern facilities, experienced tutors, cutting edge simulators, augmented reality tools by means of a multidisciplinary international faculty and hands-on-courses. A feedback survey reported the experience of fellows who attended the REVAC module, confirming the positive impact on their ongoing nephrology training. We are confident that this project will revitalize their nephrology careers and will help training the next generation of nephrologists; they will be able to manage VA needs with the help of multi-disciplinary teams to safely optimize the care of hemodialysis patients.

Optimization Path for Employment-oriented Training of Computer Majors in Higher Vocational Education

This article proposes an optimization path for the employment-oriented demand in the training of computer professionals in vocational colleges. A series of improvement measures have been proposed by analyzing the current situation. Firstly, focus on optimizing the practical teaching process and increasing internship opportunities for cooperation with enterprises, to enhance students’ practical skills and work experience. Secondly, strengthen the cultivation of soft skills, including communication and teamwork abilities, and cultivate students’ ability to adapt to the real working environment. At the same time, establish a close integration model between industry and education, offer courses closely related to the needs of enterprises, and improve the employment competitiveness of graduates. Finally, teachers should encourage students to participate in project practice, cultivate the ability to solve practical problems, pay attention to industry development trends, and flexibly adjust teaching content. Through these measures, it is expected to better meet the demand for high-quality talents in the computer industry, and enhance the employment competitiveness and career adaptability of graduates.

Action learning in public administration education: learning (evidence) from an action research case study

PurposeThis study aims to explore the effectiveness of action learning (AL) in PA education through the action research (AR). Public administration (PA) requires training paths for its officials aimed at developing managerial skills. Training designers must construct pathways that identify goals and results to be obtained. Most importantly, they should adopt techniques that engage all stakeholders and measure training performance. This study uses the action research (AR) method to explore the effectiveness of action learning (AL) in PA education. It shows how a training project for officials of the PA can be designed and managed in a participatory and engaging manner.Design/methodology/approachThe AR approach is particularly suited to long-term training interventions in PA because it offers a means of taking shared responsibility. AR aids in building a bridge between academia and practice and solving real problems with stakeholders, students and end-clients through cyclical interactions of construction, intervention and evaluation. It focuses on AL as an innovative educational tool that links knowledge and action and theory and practice.FindingsThe involvement of different stakeholders, such as teachers, students, administrators and politicians, in the design, management and evaluation process facilitates the identification of educational objectives and monitoring of outcomes in a changing public organizational context. AL is effective because it involves students as individuals and as a team, often as an organization, while trying to solve real problems.Originality/valueAL through the AR approach has not been widely used in education, especially in PA, where teaching legal and administrative content combines traditional teaching methods. The case study shows the innovative potential of AL in a traditional context such as the PA.

Research on the Training Paths of Youth Digital Literacy Ability in the Digital Age

Research on the Training Paths of Youth Digital Literacy Ability in the Digital Age