Data fusion and multivariate analysis based on near infrared spectroscopy, electronic noses, and high resolution mass spectrometry: A synergetic approach to boost performance on the authenticity analysis of toxic herbs for Aconitum.

BackgroundAlthough the efficacy of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb (Caowu) in treating rheumatoid arthritis is well-established, its severe toxic side effects have attracted widespread attention from researchers both domestically and internationally. Processing is an important method for reducing the toxicity of Caowu and ensuring its safe clinical application, with the processing of Caowu using the Terminalia chebula Retz (Hezi) decoction method being a distinctive approach in Mongolian medicine. The majority of current studies on HC are still conducted in animal models under normal physiological conditions, failing to adequately account for the impact of pathological states on its efficacy and toxicity. Moreover, the material basis underlying its effects and the molecular mechanisms through which processing reduces toxicity while preserving therapeutic efficacy remain unclear.PurposeThis study employs proteomics to uncover changes in toxicity- and efficacy-related proteins during the in vivo action of Hezi Processed Caowu (HC), thereby exploring the molecular mechanisms behind its ‘‘toxicity reduction while efficacy retention’’.MethodsUsing LC–MS/MS technology, based on the Collagen- Induced Arthritis (CIA) rat model, we combined in vivo and in vitro chemical composition analysis, in vivo pharmacology/toxicology, proteomics, molecular docking, and other research methods to explore its molecular mechanism.ResultsUsing UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS technology, 43 compounds were identified in the positive ion mode for HC. After administration of HC, 24 parent compounds were detected in plasma and 25 parent components were detected in the heart. A CIA rat model was established to evaluate the anti-RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis) pharmacological effects of HC. It was found that HC could reduce foot swelling in CIA rats, lower the arthritis index, and decrease the secretion of MMP-2, MMP-3, TNF-α, and IL-6. Proteomic analysis revealed that, compared with the CIA group, administration of HC significantly downregulated the protein expression of Ctsk, Acp5, and Casp3. Molecular docking was employed to simulate the spatial conformation between the core differentially expressed target proteins and the blood-absorbed bioactive components of the HC. The highest docking scores were observed between Ctsk and benzoylaconitine, Casp3 and aconitine, as well as Acp5 and ellagic acid. After long-term treatment of CIA rats with raw Caowu (RC) and HC, histopathological examination and electrocardiogram (ECG) detection indicated significant cardiotoxicity in the RC group, which was ameliorated by HC group. Subsequent biochemical analysis showed that, compared to the raw aconite group, the levels of AST, ALP, LDH, CK, CK-MB, TP, and TBA were reduced in the HC group. Proteomic studies further demonstrated that the expression of Kng1 and Sod1 was downregulated in the HC group compared to the RC group. Western blot analysis confirmed that Nrf2, Kng1, and Sod1 were highly expressed in the RC group, whereas their expression was reduced in HC group. Additionally, compared with the RC group, HC decreased the levels of Casp3 and Bax, while increasing the expression of Bcl2. Further analysis using molecular docking technology validated the spatial conformation of differentially expressed core target proteins with cardiac active components. Among these, Nrf2 had the highest docking score with benzoylmesaconine, Kng1 had the highest docking score with chasmanine, and Sod1 had the highest docking score with benzoylaconitine. Casp3 had the highest docking score with aconitine, Bax had the highest docking score with senbusine A, and Bcl2 had the highest docking score with mesaconine.ConclusionsHC exerts its anti-RA effects by prolonging the retention time of anti-inflammatory components in the body, reducing the expression of Ctsk, Acp5, and Casp3 proteins, and inhibiting bone erosion and joint damage; it also reduces cardiac toxicity by reducing oxidative stress and protecting against apoptosis, thereby forming a multidimensional detoxification mechanism. This study focused on the anti-inflammatory activity of HC, integrating blood component analysis, cardiac tissue distribution detection, and disease model-driven synovial and cardiac proteomics analysis to scientifically elucidate the detoxification and efficacy principles of HC, providing new strategies for comprehensive research on detoxification and efficacy in the preparation of toxic herbs for ethnic minorities.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-025-01306-8.

This article aims to explore the application value and research progress of the “treating poison with poison” therapy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of gynecological tumors. The incidence rate of gynecological tumors continues to rise globally and in China. Although conventional Western medicine treatment has made some progress, it still faces challenges such as significant side effects, drug resistance, and high recurrence rates. The TCM “treating poison with poison” therapy utilizes toxic Chinese herbs to inhibit tumor cells and enhance immune function, and has demonstrated unique advantages in reducing the adverse reactions of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This article systematically reviews the commonly used Chinese herbs, treatment schemes, and clinical efficacy of this therapy, pointing out that it has clear anticancer mechanisms in inducing apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. However, it also has limitations such as significant toxic reactions, incomplete understanding of the mechanism of action, and insufficient clinical evidence. Future research should combine modern technologies to deeply analyze its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics, optimize the formulation process to improve targeting, and verify its safety and efficacy through rigorously designed clinical trials.

BackgroundDietary management and nephrotoxic herbal medicine control are essential and sophisticated in chronic kidney disease(CKD) care. Information gap between clinical principles and real-world practice hinders the relevant management. It is necessary to support the care using reliable informatic resources and tools.MethodsPrinciples of CKD dietary management were manually extracted from clinical guidelines. CKD complication-related nutrients data were fully exported from database of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the China Food Composition Tables. Oxalate contents of food were extracted from Harvard Oxalate Food List Revised November 2023 and Food Composition Table for Bangladesh. Information of toxic Chinese herbal medicine were collected from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, online databases, literatures, and guidelines, and reviewed by nephrologists and herbalists. By connecting these structured knowledge/data according to clinical principles, the knowledge base named DHerbKB was created along with the recommendation system. To evaluate the DHerbKB, CKD cases with different complications were designed, and full-day dietary schedules covering 136 foods/cuisines were extracted from guidelines/literatures.ResultsThe DHerbKB is accessed by https://dherbkb.hywanglab.org.cn/. Data of protein, energy, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium of 8,725 foods, and that of oxalate of 590 foods were included. A total of 21 herbs and 49 Chinese patent medicines containing aristolochic acids, 39 toxic herbs, 25 herbs with overdose toxicity, 13 herbs and 34 Chinese patent medicines rich in potassium were included. With 128 times of assessment by non-medical professional users, ease of use of the DHerbKB system was proved and only two wrong conclusions were made by the system because the user selected the same food with different processes.ConclusionsThe DHerbKB integrated and transformed the knowledge and data of CKD dietary management and toxic Chinese herbal medicines control into an easy-to-use and reliable system. Resource covered by the DHerbKB are opened for future researches regarding CKD care, toxic herbs control and related artificial intelligence.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-025-07178-8.

BackgroundShi–Zao–Tang (SZT), a classical formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine orally used for treating malignant ascites effusion (MAE), is made by mixing the powder of Kansui Radix (KR), Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix (EPR) and fried Genkwa Flos with the decoction of Jujubae Fructus. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, vinegar-processed KR and EPR should be used in oral administration. However, toxicity and efficacy of SZT containing vinegar-processed KR and EPR (VSZT) versus SZT in MAE rats, and the potential mechanisms of VSZT against MAE, remain unknown. Here, we comparatively studied the quality, toxicity and efficacy of SZT and VSZT, and explored the potential mechanisms of VSZT against MAE.MethodsMain components in SZT and VSZT were quantified by liquid chromatographic coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The intestinal toxicity and efficacy of SZT and VSZT were comparatively investigated in MAE rats. Specially, intestinal toxicity was evaluated by intestinal barrier function, histopathology and oxidative damage. The efficacy was investigated by amount of ascites, indices in excretion, intestinal motility and inflammation. The potential mechanisms of VSZT treats MAE were explored through integration of metabolomics, 16S rRNA and Western blotting analysis.ResultsVSZT contains less 3-O-EZ and more ingenol than SZT. VSZT showed reduced intestinal toxicity than SZT in MAE rats. Both SZT and VSZT indiscriminately decreased the amount of ascites and ascitic inflammatory cytokines, promoted urination and defecation, increased fecal water content and intestinal motility. VSZT reversed endogenous metabolism and gut microbiota disorders, down-regulated colonic cAMP, PKA, p-CREB/CREB and AQP3, as well as mesenteric p-VEGFR2/VEGFR2, p-SRC/SRC, and p-VE-cadherin/ VE-cadherin in MAE rats.ConclusionVSZT preserved the efficacy of SZT on MAE with lower intestinal toxicity. VSZT increased water excretion and decreased MAE formation to alleviate MAE through regulating gut microbiota, restoring tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism disorders, and affecting cAMP-PKA-CREB-AQP3 and VEGFA-VEGFR2-SRC-VE-cadherine pathway.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-025-01224-9.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) processing is a specialized pharmaceutical technique with the primary objective of reducing the toxicity of medicinal substances. Euphorbia pekinensis, E. ebracteolata, and E. fischeriana, all belonging to Euphorbiaceae, are classified as drastic purgative herbs, traditionally used for eliminating retained water, reducing swelling, resolving toxicity, and dispersing masses. However, these herbs are also associated with adverse effects such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Accordingly, they are commonly processed with vinegar, milk, or Terminalia chebula decoction to reduce the toxicity. This review summarizes the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, historical evolution of processing methods, and detoxification mechanisms of the three toxic Euphorbia species. The primary toxic constituents are terpenoids. Specifically, E. ebracteolata and E. fischeriana are rich in diterpenoids, while E. pekinensis contains diterpenoids, triterpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids. Studies have shown that vinegar processing promotes structural transformations of diterpenoids, including ether bond hydrolysis, lactone ring opening, esterification, oxidation, and epoxide ring cleavage, thereby reducing the content and toxicity of these compounds. Milk processing facilitates the dissolution of toxic components into the residual liquid of excipients, leading to decreases in their concentrations in the final decoction pieces. Processing with T. chebula decoction raises the levels of tannin-derived phenolic acids, which antagonize the adverse effects of the intestine. These findings reveal a shared detoxification pattern among the three toxic herbs. Accordingly, this review proposes the concept of a shared detoxification mechanism for toxic herbs belonging to the same family or genus. That is, toxic herbs belonging to the same taxon often exhibit similar toxicological profiles and can undergo detoxification through the same processing methods, reflecting common underlying mechanisms. Investigating such shared mechanisms across multiple species of the same genus offers a promising research strategy. Ultimately, the research into processing-induced detoxification mechanisms provides both theoretical and practical support for ensuring the safety of toxic TCM.

Introduction: Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors posing a threat to human's health, with a high disease incidence and the highest death rate in China. This study aims to screen out the Chinese herbs with strong inhibitory effects on the proliferation of four kinds of EC cells EC9706, EC-1, TE-1 and Eca109 from 300 Chinese herbs, and study the effect of Qingre Lishi Huoxue Prescription(QRLSHXP) on the proliferation and on pyroptosis-related proteins such as Caspase-3 and GSDME of four EC cells. Methods: The MTT assay was used to assess the effects of 300 Chinese herbs alcohol extracts on the proliferation of the four esophageal cancer cell lines. Based on efficacy and safety profiles, selected herbs were combined to formulate a prescription. Dose-response relationships were determined. Cell morphology changes were observed under an inverted microscope. DNA damage was assessed using TUNEL staining. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was measured to evaluate cell membrane integrity. Cell death was analyzed using Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry. Western blotting and ELISA were performed to detect the expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins and cytokines. Results: Eight herbs significantly inhibited all four esophageal cancer cell lines in the initial screening. Toxic herbs were excluded. Four herbs—Sanye Danshen, Jiuguanxue, Shanchagen, and Huaxuedan—were chosen to create the Qingre Lishi Huoxue Prescription (QRLSHXP). This prescription inhibited the proliferation of the cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.QRLSHXP treatment induced severe cellular swelling, rupture, and content leakage in EC cells. TUNEL staining revealed increased DNA double-strand breaks, indicating enhanced DNA damage. Elevated LDH levels in supernatants suggested compromised membrane integrity. Flow cytometry showed a significant rise in Annexin V/PI double-positive cells, confirming cell death. Western blot analysis indicated increased Cleaved-Caspase-3 and GSDME-N expression, with unchanged total GSDME levels. ELISA results demonstrated significantly higher IL-1β and IL-18 levels in treated groups. Conclusion: QRLSHXP effectively inhibited the proliferation of EC cells and induced pyroptosis, which was likely associated with the activation of the Caspase-3/GSDME pathway. Citation Format: Fuchun Si, Gao Si. Effect of Qingre Lishi Huoxue prescription on pyroptosis and the expression of related proteins caspase-3/GSDME in esophageal cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2025; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2025 Apr 25-30; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2025;85(8_Suppl_1):Abstract nr 6781.

Medicinal chemistry and detoxification of poisonous plants in traditional medicine: A comprehensive review.

The safety evaluation of Shenze Shugan capsule and mechanism of apoptosis induced by five potentially nephrotoxic components

Sanwujiao pill (SWJP) is a Chinese herbal preparation widely used in China. It is an essential medicine for treating rheumatism and blood stasis. However, its safety in clinical use has always been the focus of patients because it contains toxic herbs of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. and A. vilmorinianum Kom. To further reveal the pharmaceutical and toxic effect substances and the action mechanism of SWJPs, the metabolites and their pathways of ten Aconitum alkaloids (AAs) in the preparation at different time points after oral administration in eight organs of mice were investigated. The biosamples were investigated by a four-step strategy of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS /MS technology. Aconitine (AC), mesaconitine (MA), and hypaconitine (HA) were not detected in any organs. The highest concentrations of the other seven AAs occurred at 0.5 h. Yunaconitine (YAC) was not detected in the brain; all seven AAs had the lowest concentration in the brain, and the metabolism was slow in the stomach. Twelve predicted metabolites were identified, the kidney and stomach were their primary distribution locations, and the most metabolites were found at 0.5h. The main metabolic pathways of the ten AAs were demethylation, deethylation, deoxygenation, hydroxylation, and deacetylation. This is the first report about the metabolism of ten AAs in SWJPs in mice. Significantly, the metabolic pathways and products of four hidden toxic AAs were analyzed in vivo for the first time. The results were of great significance for the safety and effectiveness of SWJPs in clinical application.

Science of Ayurveda was introduced with the Branch of Rasasastra from 3 rd century onwards. Rasasastra is a pharmaceutical branch of Indian Systems of medicine which mainly deals with Metals, Minerals, Animal origin products, Toxic herbs and their use in therapeutics. These rasa dravyas are found to have instant effectiveness, minimal dose and extensive therapeutic utility irrespective of constitutional variation. After the development of Rasasastra, inclusion of many herbo mineral preparations can be noticed in the Ayurveda books. Kravyada rasa is one such formulation seen in latest books of Ayuveda with a unique blend of herbal and mineral drugs which is fortified by subjecting to bhaavana (levigation.) in different media. Kravyada rasa is indicated in context of Agni mandhya or Mandaagni or Ajeerna adhikara. The formulation includes Parada, Gandhaka,Loha bhasma, Tamra bhasma,Tankana, Vida lavana and Maricha subjected to levigation. in Jambira juice ,Panchakola kwatha,Amlavetasa and Chanakamla. Formulation is also unique in its preparation as Kajjali along with Tamra bhasma and Loha bhasma is made into Parpati (thin flake like) and then subjected to repeated levigation. after adding remaining ingredients. In this study an attempt is made to gather information on Kravyada rasa from various classics with insight into ingredients, dosage and mode of action, thereby enabling further studies on Kravyada rasa; a less exploited herbomineral formulation.

Herbal medicines including teas and plant extracts have been in use for thousands of years. There are reports of the use of herbal preparations in Egypt, China, India, and Samaria. Many patients consider “natural” herbal teas to be completely free of unwanted side effects. Many herbal products, however, have biological activities that can result in severe hepatic cell toxicity or interact with other herbal products or prescription medications. Their use is increased dramatically. The most common herbal teas and nonmineral natural products are used as self-medication, principally for health improvement. However, these products are potentially dangerous to some individuals. Monitoring for liver injury is an important aspect of drug and herbal safety assessment. When present, herbal-induced liver injury (HILI) may limit the use or result in the discontinuation of these agents. HILI can exhibit with a wide spectrum of clinical and laboratory manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic elevations in aminotransferases to acute liver failure. Most cases of HILI resolve within several weeks after herbal remedy discontinuation. However, some cases can persist as low-level aminotransferase elevations. Our review aims to (1) describe the possible significant discrepancies between the ingredients listed on the label and the actual contents of the preparation; (2) evaluate teas containing multiple plants or herbs which may be adulterated by more toxic herbs, heavy metals, microbials, pharmaceuticals, and medicines; (3) describe pathophysiologic events in herbal tea-induced hepatotoxicity; and (4) discuss the key elements required for attributing the consumption of tea to the induction of liver injury. The widespread use of mixed heterogeneous remedies and the lack of randomized trials are an obstacle to providing safe use of plant-derived teas.

Safety has always been an important issue affecting the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry, especially for toxic medicinal materials, the establishment of risk prevention and control measures for toxic herbs is of great significance to improving the use of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical. Fuzi is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine and its toxicity has become the most important obstacle of limit in clinical using. In this paper, network pharmacology and molecular docking technology were used to analyze the main toxic components of Fuzi, the key targets and the mechanism of neurotoxicity. We carried out CCK-8 and WB assays, and detected LDH release and SDH activity. It was verified that aconitine caused neurotoxicity through a variety of pathways, including MAPK signaling pathway, pathways related to Akt protein, destruction of cell membrane integrity, damage of mitochondrial function affecting energy metabolism and apoptosis. What’s more, this study confirmed that aconitine could produce neurotoxicity by promoting apoptosis of hippocampus neuron and decreasing its quantity through Nissl Staining and TUNEL assay. This paper found and confirmed multiple targets and various pathways causing neurotoxicity of Fuzi, in order to provide reference for clinical application and related research.

Cinobufagin inhibits proliferation of acute myeloid leukaemia cells by repressing c-Myc pathway-associated genes

Background : Since the Ayurvedais a centrefor many therapeutic herbs, However, certain plants are poisonous by nature, making it impossible to consume them without purification . If used properly, these deadly plants are incredibly beneficial. Various techniques are suggested in Ayurvedicwritings for the Shodhanaof toxic plants. Many ailments, such as Pandu, Jwara, Aaamvata, etc., are treated with plants like Vatsanabha. Kuchlais used to treat a number of illnesses, including Grahani, Unmada, and Adhmaan. Both humans and animals have frequentlybeen observed ingesting these toxic plants. These poisonous plants have the potential to cause accidental, homicidal and suicidal deaths. Aim: By learning about the medicinal properties of dangerous plants, this project aims to raise public knowledge about them. Material And Method: consulted from a range of databases, books, websites, and publications. Result: Poisonous plant classification was done. These deadly plants’s typical chemical components are outlined. Their mode of action has been documented. The Shodhanaof these toxic plants have been described These poisonous plants have been used therapeutically. Discussion and Conclusion : This entire investigation came to the conclusion that, when used properly, deadly plants can have medical value. These toxic herbs are employed in a variety of compositions with special care. The knowledge of toxicity and usefulness of the poisonous plants are the main concern in present day scenario.

Objectives This review was conducted to study use of Aconitum herbal medicine for pain control in musculoskeletal disease. Methods Musculoskeletal disease is a major factor of social cost increase and physical disability. Various drugs, surgery and imaging are being overused regardlessly. Aconitum herbal plants are one of the most toxic Korean traditional herbs. However, they could be utilized effectively on patients with appropriate processing and decocting time. We searched Korean medicine literature to see various features of aconitum herbal plants and tried to find the utilization of the plants in effective way for pain control in musculoskeletal disease. Results Aconitum herbal plants needs to be used carefully because of intoxication which could lead to severe damage to human body. Processing of these toxic plants could minimize the harm and raise the benefits, such as relieving various types of pain and positive inotropic action. Further studies with clearer evidence and discovering aftereffects of processing in more details are needed. Conclusions Aconitum herbal plants could dedicate to controlling pain in musculoskeletal disease with various forms and appropriate processing.

‘Five-seeds’ formulation (Lycium barbarum, Cuscuta chinensis Lam, Rubus idaeus, Schisandra chinensis, Plantago asiatica) have been used by Chinese medicine practitioner for the treatment of male infertility for a long time. The present study aims to investigate the potential toxicity effects of the individual herb used in ‘five-seeds’ formulation and as a concoction on human HEK293 and Chang liver cells, using cell viability MTT assay and SubG1 flow cytometry analysis. Percentage of cell viability from samples (1, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/mL) decreased as the concentration increased. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values indicated that Cuscuta chinensis, Rubus idaeus and Schisandra chinensis are among the most toxic herb samples on HEK293 cells, with the IC50 values less than 22 mg/mL. On the other hand, Rubus idaeus (IC50 value 20.1 mg/mL) and Schisandra chinensis (IC50 value 17.8 mg/mL) were found to have the highest toxicity effect on Chang liver cells. Plantago asiatica and Lycium barbarum (IC50 more than 67 mg/mL) are the least toxic herbs tested on both human HEK293 kidney and Chang liver cells. ‘Five-seeds’ herbal formulation had IC50 values of 33 mg/mL and 38.5 mg/mL on HEK293 and Change liver cells respectively, suggesting that ‘five seeds’ formulation has modulated the toxicity effect of the mixed herbs used in this formula. Apoptotic cells in SubG1 phase were also found to be significantly low for HEK293 (13.08%) and Chang liver cells (10.17%) with the treatment of 25 mg/mL of ‘five seeds’ formulation. Toxicity effect of five-seeds’ herbal formulation has seemingly been modulated when all the five herbs mixed as a concoction, and potentially non-toxic as a concoction to HEK293 kidney and Chang liver cells. However, more investigations should be done to draw a solid conclusion.

BackgroundTripterygium hypoglaucum Hutch (THH) both has prominent efficacy and unwarranted toxicity in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, its pharmacological and toxicological profiles still remain to be elucidated. In the current study, the network pharmacology approach was applied to identify synergistic interaction and mechanism of efficacy and toxicity for THH from a holistic perspective.MethodsThe compounds from THH were collected using literature retrieval and relevant databases. After the production of putative therapeutic targets for dominant diseases and harmful targets of adverse reactions (ADRs) induced by THH, the protein-protein interactions (PPIs), topological analysis and pathway enrichment were established to distinguish the hub targets and pathways. Additionally, the binding activity of candidate ingredients with core targets were revealed by molecular docking simulation.ResultsA total of eight bioactive components in THH were enrolled, and 633 targets were responsible for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1067 targets were corresponding to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 1318 targets of ADRs were obtained. The results of enrichment analysis among THH-RA, THH-SLE and THH-ADR networks indicated that pathway in cancer, hepatitis B, rheumatoid arthritis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway might participate in THH for treating RA and SLE. Besides, the mechanism of ADRs that induced by THH were associated with viral carcinogenesis, p53 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and so on. Whereas, these active ingredients of THH exerted the superior binding activities with crucial targets including STAT3, VEGFA, TP53 and MMP9 that functioned synergistically efficacy and toxicity as observed via molecular docking simulation.ConclusionThe present research preliminarily interpreted the synergistic interaction of therapeutic and toxicological mechanisms for THH through the comprehensive analysis of relationship and binding activity between primary components and core targets, providing a feasible and promising approach to facilitate the development of toxic and irreplaceable herbs.

This research abstract shares open source theme smart materials and technology for the Current and Future Global Challenges in relation with artificial intelligence which is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. AI will also have a major impact on illegal/illicit /legal harmful drugs, chemicals, toxic herbs and others Control Intervention. the patent pending this scientific computing innovation; will include illegal/illicit/ legal harmful drugs, chemicals, toxic herbs and others Control security system and special purpose computer connected intelligent equipment’s, with sensors capable of taking thousands of measurements throughout the production process and generating billions of data points used to monitor, analyze and control the trafficking process. AI and machine learning are also contributing to the development of next-generation security system, accelerating the development of security intervention for conditions where there are no viable options today. Artificial intelligence promises both to improve existing goods and services, by enabling the automation of many tasks, to greatly increase the efficiency with which they are produced. But it may have an even larger impact on the economy by serving as a new general-purpose method of invention for unique or special tasks; Where Artificial intelligence (AI) clearly lead to better outcomes, already producing benefits and optimizing processes, increasingly sophisticated algorithms and machine learning techniques of data on a particular issue, generate insights, detections and resulting with more efficiency than teams of humans ever could.

BackgroundAconite is one of the most toxic known herbs, widely used for centuries as an essential Chinese medicine, but also for deliberate poisoning throughout history. Clinically indicated in herbal medicine for a range of ailments from headaches to muscle spasm, unfortunately the narrow therapeutic window may lead to a range of toxic presentations. The mechanism of action of the pharmacologically active compounds in Aconite relate to the activation of voltage gated sodium channels within a range of tissue including myocardial, neuronal and smooth muscle leading to persistent cellular activity.Case presentationWe report on a rare case of a fifty year old male with intentional aconite overdose presenting with refractory cardiovascular instability from persistent life threatening arrhythmias, respiratory failure and seizure activity.ConclusionAn overview of Aconite, its history, pharmacological effects, treatment of overdose and outcomes is presented.