Tourism Boom Research Articles

Imports and tourism expansion: A general equilibrium analysis

There is an ongoing debate within the literature about whether inbound tourism in developing countries contributes positively to national welfare. Most of the existing literature primarily relies on case studies and lacks theoretical frameworks essential for a comprehensive understanding of the role of imported intermediate inputs in tourism development. We aim to fill this gap by presenting a theoretical specific-factor general-equilibrium model of a tourism-exporting economy that incorporates both imported and non-traded intermediate goods. Our findings indicate that the extensive utilization of imported intermediate goods by the tourism industry, as well as other sectors, could potentially increase residents’ real income during a tourism boom. Additionally, our analysis reveals deviations from some standard results of the “beach disease” model. Lastly, we shed light on the complexity of the consequences of tourism expansion on income distribution, which prove to be more intricate than commonly believed. This underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the multifaceted dynamics involved in analyzing the connections between imports and tourism expansion.

The impact of an urban tourism boom on farmers' income in neighboring rural communities: Evidence from the Lijiang Ancient City, China

The impact of an urban tourism boom on farmers' income in neighboring rural communities: Evidence from the Lijiang Ancient City, China

Barriers to the Development of Art Tourism in Jingdezhen—The Perspective of the ‘Jingpiao’ Community

Jingdezhen, renowned as the cradle of Chinese ceramic art, has embraced new opportunities in the realm of art tourism amidst the global tourism boom. Nonetheless, this growth trajectory is fraught with challenges. This study aims to delve into the obstacles encountered in the development of art tourism in Jingdezhen and to identify the critical influencing factors through qualitative research methods, particularly grounded theory. By conducting in-depth interviews with ‘Jingpiao’ artists who have worked in the art industry in Jingdezhen for three years or more and have interacted with tourists, this research reveals that economic, infrastructure, human resources, government attitude, policy and regulation, promotion, and transportation are significant factors affecting the development of art tourism in Jingdezhen. These factors intertwine to form a complex system that impacts the sustainable development of art tourism in the region. The findings underscore the need for concerted efforts among government, businesses, and artists to optimise these key factors, thereby creating a more conducive environment for the development of art tourism in Jingdezhen. Moreover, this study offers valuable insights and lessons for the development of art tourism in other regions.

A waste Kuznet curve: The negative shadows of tourism industry in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia using fully modified and dynamic ordinary least squares

This empirical study investigates the relationship between the tourism industry and municipal solid waste (MSW) creation in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, to determine whether a Waste Kuznet Curve (WKC) exists. The study runs from 2014 to 2020, using data acquired from several government official websites in ten Regencies/Districts. Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) regression approaches were employed to analyze this relationship. This inquiry yielded three important discoveries. First, a significant and negative link is seen between the development of the tourism business and the increase in MSW output. This demonstrates that the booming tourism sector hurts environmental conditions, exacerbating environmental issues that require government intervention. This empirical study investigates the relationship between the tourism industry and MSW creation in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, to determine whether a WKC exists.

The development of ski areas and its relation to the Alpine economy in Switzerland

Cableways alleviate access to the Alps and were crucial in establishing the skiing tourism boom of the after-war years. Moreover, cableway operators employ a large share of residents, are complemented by tourism-related services and are therefore a key economic pillar in otherwise laggard regions. We exploit comprehensive historical data of all ever-built cableways in Switzerland linked to income and population data to show how much ski area access benefits the municipalities’ economy compared to similar municipalities without such access on their territory. Evaluating difference-in-differences, we find that opening a ski area between 1940 and 1980 is related to economic growth that persists until today. Particularly, it attracted new residents and created more productive employment opportunities in tourism-related services, thereby raising incomes and tax revenues. Our results contribute to the debate of what economic risks municipalities with access to ski areas face once the decreasing snowpack forces a ski area to close.

The recreational and economic value of Florida beaches

Florida is the world’s top travel destination and. if it were its own country, it would have more tourist visits than any other country. Its sandy beaches extend a shoreline length almost as great as the combined lengths of sandy beaches in California, Texas, and North Carolina. Florida’s beaches are easily America’s recreational playground. Every year, Florida beaches attract approximately 70% more day visits than combined attendance at national parks, college and professional sports, amusement parks, cruises, and NASCAR events. Beach tourism plays a huge role in Florida’s economy. Manufacturing and residential construction are major industries in Florida, but their revenues are each a fraction of beach-oriented tourist spending. Florida’s farmland, ranches, and forests cover 75% of its land area, but beach-oriented tourist spending is more than 10 times the total receipts of all Florida agriculture and forestry. Beach-oriented tourists generate $23.3 billion in tax revenues annually. These tax revenues are more than double the combined salaries of Florida K-12 public school teachers, law enforcement officers, and instructors at colleges and universities. Some Florida beaches have sand deficits because dams on rivers have blocked sand that normally would flow to the coast, and navigation projects have diverted sand out of the littoral system to ebb and flood shoals. Beach nourishment has then been needed to restore and maintain the beaches. Beaches widened by nourishment have not only been a magnet for tourists, but have also protected bil- lions of dollars of shore infrastructure from hurricanes. Beach nourishment has been a bargain, with beach-oriented tourists in Florida generating six times more tax revenues each year than have been spent on Florida beach nourishment during the 80 years from 1944-2023 (in 2022 dollars to account for inflation). Most Florida beach nourishment has been placed in the past 50 years, and beach-oriented tourists have generated $310 dollars in tax revenues and $1070 in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) annually for every $1 spent on beach nourishment. Miami Beach is a good example of the economic benefits of beach nourishment. It had almost no beach in the mid-1970s because of erosion, causing tourism to drop rapidly and itself to become a “seedy backwater of debt-ridden hotels.” Beach nourishment starting in 1978 caused a boom in tourism, and today Miami Beach has the most valuable property in Florida — worth more than the value of all Florida cropland. Miami Beach has had a return of $550 in tourist-generated taxes and $3900 in GDP for every $1 spent on beach nourishment.

Agritourism in Extremadura, Spain from the Perspective of Rural Accommodations: Characteristics and Potential Development from Agrarian Landscapes and Associated Activities

The boom of rural tourism in Extremadura (Spain) has been promoted by different administrations, both national and European, through multiple initiatives carried out for several decades. However, it has been developed in a generic way, ignoring the potential of agricultural landscapes for the development of agritourism as a specific variety. Therefore, this research aims to know the opinion of rural lodging owners in order to understand how the activity can be reoriented towards a more specific one, taking advantage of the potential of this type of tourist attraction. For this purpose, information has been collected through surveys to these owners. By carrying out a statistical analysis and a territorial analysis, it is possible to know their socio-demographic structure, as well as the characteristics of the accommodations and other aspects related to the activities they offer to tourists. Following the analyses, characteristics such as age, level of education and sources of income were identified, revealing a lack of knowledge of agritourism. It was also discovered that many lodgings could offer agritourism activities due to the presence of farms and attractive landscapes for tourists. However, there was a lack of activities related to agriculture and livestock, which represents a missed opportunity for the development of agritourism. The territorial analysis showed patterns of activity supply in certain areas, suggesting the possibility of promoting the sustainable development of rural areas through the diversification of tourism activities. Perhaps the main conclusion that can be drawn is the need to take advantage of the attractive landscape and the presence of activity companies to promote the economic and social development of rural areas, contributing to the conservation of traditions and the fight against depopulation.

“Technology enables the development of modern tourism” -- Study on the influence of tourism technology on tourism consumption

Recent years have witnessed the improvement of people’s pursuit of life quality and the increasing trend in the proportion of enjoyable consumption in residents’ consumption structure, a tourism boom is taking place all over the country. As technology continues to integrate into the tourism industry, new techniques, such as big data, cloud computing, the Beidou system, virtual reality, and so on, have been applied in tourism, providing abundant tourism products and services. This paper obtains data through a questionnaire survey and establishes an OLS model based on the collected sample data to study the influence of tourism technology level on consumers' tourism consumption. The result shows that the improvement of the tourism technology level can lead to a rise in the number of trips and the amount of tourism consumption expenditure, which plays a more prominent role in the natural landscape--the improvement of the tourism technology level can prompt consumers to prefer natural landscapes. This result is most pronounced among female consumers and consumers with middle and lower levels of education. The mechanism test indicates that tourism technology can promote consumers' tourism consumption by making it simpler to obtain tourism information, making travel more convenient, improving the interactive experience, and enhancing the exhibition effect. Based on the investigation and research, this paper finds out the aspects to be improved in the development of tourism technology and put forward some development suggestions, which will be helpful to better promote the development of tourism technology in the future.

Heterogenization of microplastic communities in lakes of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau driven by tourism and transport activities

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau has a booming tourism industry and an increasingly sophisticated road system. There is a paucity of studies quantifying the contributions of anthropogenic and natural factors to microplastic pollution in remote plateau areas. In this study, water and sediment samples were collected from eight lake tourist attractions and four remote lakes in northern and southern regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Microplastics were detected in all samples, with a mean abundance of 0.78 items/L in water and 44.98 items/kg in sediment. The abundance of microplastics in the study area was lower than previously observed in more populated areas of China. Small-sized (<1 mm and 1–2 mm), fiber, and transparent microplastics were predominant, with polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics as the primary polymer types. The compositions of microplastic communities indicated that tourism and road networks were the major sources of microplastics in the lakes. Distance-decay models revealed greater influence of environmental distances on microplastic community similarity than geographic distance. Compared to climate factors, urban spatial impact intensity and traffic flow impact played a leading role in the structuring of microplastic communities in lake water and sediment. Our findings provide novel quantitative insights into the role of various factors in shaping the distribution patterns of microplastic communities in plateau lakes.

Linguistic landscaping in Kathmandu’s Thamel ‘Chinatown’: language as commodity in the construction of a cosmopolitan transnational space

ABSTRACT This study explores the linguistic landscape of a new unofficial 'Chinatown' in Kathmandu, Nepal. Located in the tourist hub Thamel, this Chinatown came into being recently because of globalisation and China's outbound tourism boom. Using authentic photographic data, this study examines how the use of Chinese and various semiotic elements (e.g. colour) contributes to the making of a commodified ethnic enclave and space of consumption, where a foreign culture is inscribed and embedded in the existing built environment. Unlike the traditional old-world Chinatowns, simplified Chinese characters are omnipresent in this Chinatown and many Chinese-run business names are highly up-to-date and reflect the latest trends in their home country. The exclusive use of monolingual Chinese is also commonplace. Interestingly, awkwardly hand-copied Chinese and Google translated Chinese are used as part of local businesses' marketing repertoire in what can be called 'linguistic jugaad'. Additionally, some local businesses resort to creative, affective and playful language to attract and engage with Chinese tourists. Contributing to research on ethnic enclaves and urban sociolinguistics, this study highlights language as commodity in transforming/constructing a cosmopolitan transnational space in our globalised and mobile world, illustrating how South-South population flows can leave material traces in a place's linguistic ecology.

Journey in the Impure Land: Buddhist Pilgrimage and Perceptions of Life and Old Age in Vietnam.

Religiously inspired travel has burgeoned in Vietnam in recent years, amidst rapid economic development and a booming tourist industry. Buddhist pilgrimages particularly attract older women, who compose the majority of temple goers in Vietnam. Having lived through volatile historical periods of war, economic hardship, and political transformations, travelling on pilgrimage is the first opportunity for many older Vietnamese women to enjoy new places and experiences. Drawing on data collected during my field research among Buddhist women pilgrims in their sixties and seventies from Ho Chi Minh City, I show how pilgrimage is seen as a journey of a lifetime and how it reflects the perception of life and self-transformation along the life course. Drawing on Victor and Edith Turner's (1978 [2011]) discussion of pilgrimage as the antistructure of everyday social life, this paper explains why pilgrimage is markedly different from other life experiences of Vietnamese women, and how religious travel positions old age not as the culmination of self-development, but rather as an ongoing process of gaining wisdom.

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ІЗРАЇЛЮ У 2020-2023 РОКАХ

Tourism is one of the main contributors to Israel's budget and one of the most promising sectors of the economy. The main types of tourism are gastronomic and religious, because it is on the territory of this country that the main Christian shrines are located, and the cuisine of Israel is one of the most recognizable in the world. The country's recreational opportunities are also invaluable, as its territory includes beaches of the Mediterranean and Red Seas, as well as medical sanatoriums of the Dead Sea. Israel is one of the most visited countries in the world, being in a state of cold war throughout its history. The work determined the dynamics of the development of the tourist services market in Israel, established that the number of foreign tourists in 2019 was equal to 440 thousand people, after which in 2020 the indicator continued to grow and stopped at the mark of 450 thousand foreign travelers. In the period of 2019-2020, the largest tourist boom in the entire history of keeping statistics of visits to Israel is observed. However, the coronavirus crisis caused global changes in market trends and provoked a drop in the number to 52.9 thousand people in 2021, but the industry gradually developed, already in 2022 334 thousand people visited Israel, and in 2023, due to military operations, the number of tourists decreased significantly and amounted to 304 thousand people. The study is devoted to the analysis of the problems and peculiarities of the development of the tourist industry in Israel, in the context of the state of war and the unstable political situation, to outline the prospects for overcoming them and the sustainable development of the tourist market in the post-war period. The paper analyzed the theoretical prerequisites for the formation and development of the market of international tourist services, taking into account the socio-economic crisis.

Temporal changes in water quality in Leh Ladakh region: Impact of urbanization

Water is a valuable and limited resource in semi-arid regions like Ladakh. Effective management and conservation of water are crucial to prevent negative consequences on the area's quality of life. Since becoming a Union territory, Leh, a district of Ladakh, has undergone rapid urbanization due to its administrative status, air service facilities, tourism, and increasing population. However, this urbanization and tourism boom have resulted in a higher demand for water and a decline in its quality. Glacial-fed water is the primary source for drinking and agriculture in Ladakh. As Ladakh has become a popular tourist destination, the distribution and quality of water have been negatively affected. Construction of hotels and guest houses on agricultural lands, could further harm Ladakh's fragile ecological environment. Due to the challenging terrain and harsh conditions, there has been limited research on water quality in the region andare confined to the Leh district only. Despite lack of comprehensive information, this review aims to address three important questions: the hydrochemistry of water resources, the impact of urbanization on water quality, and the existing research gap in hydrochemistry in significant areas and water resources. The objective is to establish fundamental data for future research and contribute to a better understanding of water resources in the region.

Tourism as a factor in the preservation of the traditional dances of Ibiza and Formentera

ABSTRACT The ensemble of music and dance typical of the islands of Ibiza and Formentera is known as ball pagès (peasant dance). Due to its spectacular nature, it was considered a tourist resource from the very beginnings of tourism, appearing systematically at receptions for illustrious figures. The tourism boom that Ibiza experienced in the 1930s and its expansive renaissance from 1950 onwards served to ensure the survival of the ball pagès. Once its role as a tourist resource had been assumed, its presence in nightclubs and hotels favoured its appreciation by the local population and facilitated its transmission to new generations at a time when the profound economic change that the islands were undergoing seriously threatened its survival.

Sustainable Tourism through Novel Approach

In the pursuit of the tourism boom, there has been a considerable rise in demand and exploitation of exhaustible resources. This not only poses a major menace to the biosphere but also puts oneself in jeopardy. Despite its promising start post-Pandemic, no real research on the influence of nature is being conducted, except for recognizing the beneficial impact that industries have produced. The study investigated various ways in which tourism industries influence the environment. Aside from exploring the destinations, the study encourages each tourist to bring back sustainable ideas as a souvenir of their visit, as well as stakeholders to be conscious of the need of developing infrastructure sustainably. These need active engagement from both tourists and other stakeholders. Finally, the study finishes with a sensible instructive remark about the need of balancing the tourist industry, infrastructural development, and the environment. Keywords: Tourism Exploitation, Tourist Satisfaction, Consciousness, Sustainable Development

Traditional and Vernacular Architecture in Bali

The study of Bali's traditional and vernacular architecture requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to reveal the complex expressions of this culturally diverse island. Influenced by Hindu, Buddhist and indigenous beliefs, Bali's architecture is closely interwoven with its lush landscape, characterised by terraced rice fields, volcanic mountains and a tropical climate. The theoretical foundations are based on vernacular architecture and emphasise the importance of indigenous knowledge, local materials and cultural, social and environmental factors. The study focuses on the classification and functions of more than 20,000 Hindu temples or "pura", which reflect the island's deep cultural roots and rituals based on the Balinese calendar. An examination of small villages such as Pengotan reveals a nuanced architecture with sacred and profane zones clustered around temple areas, residential areas and cemeteries. The concentration of family units in sacred spaces and the meticulous adherence to the luan concept reveal the intricacies of traditional Balinese architecture. However, the preservation of this architectural heritage is being challenged by rapid modernisation and a booming tourism industry. The influx of tourists, which has increased from 2.5 million in 2010 to 14 million in 2017, poses a threat to Bali's traditional building practices and materials. The environmental impact of increasing waste and inadequate infrastructure, exacerbated by the growing number of foreign visitors, requires sustainable planning. The government's ambitious goal of creating '10 new Balis' to double the number of tourists raises concerns about environmental protection and proper waste management. The methodological approach of this study is deeply rooted in vernacular architecture and aims to decipher the nuances and preserve Bali's architectural heritage. Balancing the demands of modernisation and tourism with the need for environmental sustainability is critical to the protection of the heritage.&#x0D; &#x0D; Index Terms— Vernacular Architecture, Bali, Tourism, Traditions

Mining Heritage-Based Tourism Development Management System: A Sustainable Economic Study

Through the ages, mining left behind wasteland of limited value, scarred by shafts and ponds. However, enterprising management coupled with inventive development practices, hopes to turn this legacy into a tourist boom. The primary goal of this study will tackle the planning and implementation for transforming these former mining eyesores into charming havens. The focus is on ensuring sustainable growth from these tourist hubs, all while breathing new life into these remnants of mines. Identifying pivotal facets which must be orchestrated for tourism development, this study utilized a qualitative descriptive approach towards engagement of stakeholders. The meticulously designed management system model is the analytical framework underlying this research, aimed at achieving synergistic and collaborative effort on the tourism development. In Bangka Belitung Province, the study zeroed in on Kampong Reklamasi within East Belitung Regency. The conclusion from the study show that a comprehensive developmental system is the core foundation of effective tourism development management. Such a system is founded on a mixture of creative innovation and a collaborative link between multiple stakeholders. BUMDes have the primary responsibility for successful management within the scope of fostering the tourism potential of the reclamation community. The success of BUMDes in guiding this tourism attraction not be seen in a vacuum but rather as the result of synergistic cooperation with stakeholders. Their individual contributions and roles in the development of heritage-focused tourism are a prerequisite for this collaboration. A robust and long-lasting economic framework for sustainable development is promoted by this symbiotic approach.

New Technologies in the Tourism and Hospitality Service Sector

Technological innovations and creative thinking are revolutionizing the Indian services industry. In the services industry, digital transformation is essential. In India, smart technology has significantly contributed to the development of several sectors. It has created new opportunities for the services industry in India to expand and become more efficient. This article aims to highlight significant technical breakthroughs that destinations may achieve by implementing smart technologies and strategies. These developments allow destinations to manage their resources, improve infrastructure and services, and provide tourists with individualized experiences. Innovations fuelled by technology are revolutionizing the travel sector solutions, smart hotels, AR/VR experiences, and AI-powered customization. Today's globe is seeing a tremendous evolution in technology, which is changing every industry. The study combines new technical advancements in the tourist services industry with established ideas of co-creation, service ecosystems, networks, and technology disruption. This study's approach was developed through a review and analysis of pertinent literature. We employed the integrated literature review technique to do this. The study looks at previous and current studies on the digitalization of economic sectors. In addition to fresh research on the topic and project data, lectures, conference proceedings, Internet publications, journals, and books devoted to this field's study were examined. Analytical, synthesis, critical thinking, and generalization techniques were employed. An overview of technological trends in tourism is given in this article. In order for apps to respond to all material, enable personalisation, and offer conveniences while keeping up with technology, the tourist industry should set up effective customer processes on its applications. Technological disruptions led to an upsurge in local criminality, including drug sales, prostitution, and illicit gambling. Travelers now have more options for exploring and learning about new places thanks to technology. The results emphasize the essential for more study on modernizing services in the travel and hospitality industry. The travel, hotel, restaurant, events, and entertainment sectors are all part of the booming tourism and hospitality businesses. Digitalization is the process of using digital technology to run and expand a business. This involves selling products and services online as well as collecting and analysing large amounts of data that may be used to create new initiatives or modify current ones. Integrating digitization will make tourist enterprises more adaptable and durable after COVID-19. Several distinct segments make up the tourist business. From the manufacture and distribution of goods for recreational activities, such paper or digital tour guides and interpreters, to transportation services like those provided by airlines, railroads, and vehicle rental firms. To put it simply, the infrastructure, services, and goods that enable leisure travel from beginning to end constitute the tourist sector. The study provides examples of how technology is upending the travel and hospitality sector.

Tourism And the Issue of Sustainability in Morocco: The Case of The Seaside Resort Taghazout

Tourism has long been a crucial activity for the Moroccan economy, making a significant contribution to the country's GDP. As a result, this sector ranks high among the State's priorities, and it receives paramount importance in terms of planning and investment. The objectives of the tourism plans differ. Mainly stemming from the directives of international financial institutions, these objectives will contribute to the boom of mass tourism, disregarding the social and environmental dimensions of "touristified" territories. It was not until the development of Vision 2020 that the concept of sustainable tourism emerged, which "sustainably values territories, populations, heritages, and spreads its beneficial effects in the most remote areas of the Kingdom" (Program Contract 2011-2020, 2010: 5). The concept of sustainable tourism is relatively recent, and the first guide "towards sustainable tourism" was published in 2006 by the UNWTO and UNEP. As for the global criteria for sustainable tourism introduced in December 2019. The aim of this study is to assess the extent to which Moroccan tourism meets the criteria for sustainable tourism in destinations. The criteria to be analyzed are applied to the resort of Taghazout, which is Morocco's foremost coastal resort in terms of development.

Flexible education reform and Iceland’s police staffing crisis

Abstract In 2018, Iceland had Europe’s second-fewest police officers per capita and had experienced the continent’s biggest reduction in officers since 2009—after suffering the biggest financial crisis in modern economic history. Fewer officers, a growing, more diverse population, and a tourist boom fuelled a police staffing crisis peaking in the mid-2010s. In this case study, we document, using secondary data and interrupted time-series analysis, how moving basic police education to the university level in 2016 and shifting from face-to-face to flexible learning—a form of blended learning—helped Iceland accommodate more students, reverse the downward trend of police staffing, improve female representation, and raise the education level. Moreover, public trust in the police remained high after reform. The case of Iceland demonstrates that blended learning can facilitate police–university partnerships, accommodate more students by expanding access, capacity, and capability, help address staffing challenges, and optimize resources.