Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Research Articles

Influence of levels of methionine and cystine on the total sulfur amino acid requirement of the growing rat.

Influence of levels of methionine and cystine on the total sulfur amino acid requirement of the growing rat.

Sulfur amino acid requirement of the lactating sow.

There is no experimental documentation of the sulfur amino acid requirement for the lactating sow. Holden et al. (1968) observed no significant difference in reproductive performance of sows fed diets containing 8.0 to 20.0% crude protein with similar amino acid ratios, except reduced average pig gain during the 2-week nursing period. The linear increase of plasma essential amino acid levels with increasing protein levels suggested their adequacy, except for methionine. The quadratic increase in plasma free methionine suggested it to be the first limiting amino acid during both gestation and lactation (Lucas et al., 1969). With the possible exception of sulfur amino acids, valine and threonine, the 8.0% protein diet appeared adequate in other essential amino acids when compared with the estimated requirements of the gravid gilt (Rippel et al., 1965a, b). The present study was designed to estimate the total sulfur amino acid requirement of sows during lactation by nitrogen balance, plasma free amino acid levels and nursing pig body weight gain.

Lysine and Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirements of Turkey Poults, One Day to Three Weeks

THE lysine and total sulfur amino acid requirements of turkey poults have been discussed by a number of workers. Grau et al. (1946) suggested a lysine requirement of 1.3% of the diet at protein levels of 20 and 24% when sesame meal was the protein source. German et al. (1949) using feather pigmentation as a criterion, suggested the requirement for lysine was 1.1 to 1.2% of the diet. Gartley et al. (1950) using sunflower seed meal as a dietary protein source, suggested the lysine requirement was 1.2% of the diet from day-one to four weeks of age.Kratzer et al. (1949) used dl-methionine as a dietary supplement to study the total sulfur amino acid requirements of poults. Their work indicated a need for 0.5% methionine and 0.3% cystine for a total of 0.8% sulfur amino acids in the diet. Almquist (1952), in his review, listed the lysine requirement for starting…

Lysine, Methionine and Glycine Requirements of Japanese Quail to Five Weeks of Age

INTRODUCTIONFEW studies of the amino acid requirements of Japanese quail have been reported. Donaldson (1967) found the requirements for the total sulfur amino acid to be 0.78% in a practical diet containing 25% protein, the glycine requirement to be 1.28% in a purified diet containing 29% protein, and the lysine requirement was met at 1.35% of a practical diet containing 25% protein. Amino acid requirements of Bobwhite quail and Ringneck pheasants, members of the same family as Coturnix, have been reported; Baldini et al. (1953) suggested a lysine requirement for young Bobwhite quail of 1.3% of the diet when the protein level was 20–24%. Scott et al. (1963) showed the total sulfur amino acid requirements of Bobwhite quail and Ringneck pheasants to be 3.66% of the protein in a practical corn-soybean meal diet. Scott and Reynolds (1949) found in studies with pheasant chicks that the glycine requirement was…

Methionine supplementation of practical broiler rations

Synopsis Four trials, involving 2170 five‐week‐old broilers fed 5 different practical‐type diets, were conducted in order to determine the total sulphur amino acid (SAA) requirement of broilers during their finishing period (5 to 10 weeks of age). No differences were found between the SAA requirements for the 5–8 week and 5–10 week periods, nor between those of male and female broilers. The requirements can be summarised as 3.5 and 3.6 per cent SAA, on the basis of dietary protein, for maximal weight gain and optimal food efficiency, respectively. It seems, therefore, that the SAA requirement does not change with age when it is expressed in terms of dietary protein, although the level of the latter is reduced when changing from starter to finisher diets. The SAA requirement of 3.6 per cent of the protein corresponds to about 0.66 per cent of the diet, to 0.31 and 0.21 per cent per megacalorie (therm) of productive and metabolisable energy, respectively, per kg. diet, and to 16.5 and 18.4 mg. SAA per gram weight gain during the 5–8 and 5–10 week periods, respectively. Different performances of chicks up to 5 weeks of age may seriously confound the results of dietary treatments applied during the finishing period.

Methionine supplementation of practical broiler rations

Synopsis Four trials, involving 2170 five‐week‐old broilers fed 5 different practical‐type diets, were conducted in order to determine the total sulphur amino acid (SAA) requirement of broilers during their finishing period (5 to 10 weeks of age). No differences were found between the SAA requirements for the 5–8 week and 5–10 week periods, nor between those of male and female broilers. The requirements can be summarised as 3.5 and 3.6 per cent SAA, on the basis of dietary protein, for maximal weight gain and optimal food efficiency, respectively. It seems, therefore, that the SAA requirement does not change with age when it is expressed in terms of dietary protein, although the level of the latter is reduced when changing from starter to finisher diets. The SAA requirement of 3.6 per cent of the protein corresponds to about 0.66 per cent of the diet, to 0.31 and 0.21 per cent per megacalorie (therm) of productive and metabolisable energy, respectively, per kg. diet, and to 16.5 and 18.4 mg. SAA per gram ...

The Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement of the Chick from 4 to 8 Weeks of Age as Affected by Temperature

ALMQUIST (1952) reviewed the literature concerning the methionine requirement of the young chick and concluded that the requirement was approximately 0.45 percent of the diet and that the total sulfur amino acid requirement was approximately 0.8 percent of the diet. Briggs et al. (1942), Grau and Kamei (1950), and Jukes and Stokstad (1951) suggested that the sulfur amino acid requirement was nearer 0.9 percent of the diet, whereas, McGinnis and Evans (1947), Milligan et al. (1951) and West et al. (1951) reported sulfur amino acid requirements of 0.71, 0.72 and 0.74 percent, respectively. Nelson et al. (1960) stated that the quantitative requirement for sulfur amino acids was approximately 3.51 percent of the protein.Baldini and Rosenberg (1955) found that the methionine requirement, expressed as a percentage of the diet, increased as the energy level of the diet increased. Rosenberg and Baldini (1957) further stated, as did Almquist (1952) further stated, …

Sulfur amino acid requirement for lactation in the rat.

SummaryA short-term lactation test has been used to study the effects of cystine supplementation for purified diets containing casein as sole protein source. Supplementation of 12, 18, and 24% casein diets with 0.5% L-cystine markedly improved lactation performance as judged by weaning weights of young and mother. Cystine supplementation of 30% casein diet improved weaning weights of young significantly with less beneficial effects on maternal weight. The data indicate that total sulfur amino acid requirement for optimal lactation in the Long-Evans rat may be placed at slightly more than 1% of the diet and that cystine may furnish at least half of this requirement.