Top Margins Research Articles

This research note describes three classroom manuscripts in the Harvard-Yenching Library that belonged to Aisin Gioro Ioi Cung (1903–1965), one of the few fellow-students of the Xuantong Emperor during his residence in the Forbidden City after the abdication of 1912.1 These manuscripts were annotated from Xuantong 5 to 11 (1913–1919), during was likely his Manchu lessons taken alongside Puyi inside the Forbidden City. The research note establishes the ownership, dating, and original context of these manuscripts by cross-referencing available sources on Puyi’s Manchu curriculum with the material features of the manuscripts themselves, paying particular attention to the handwritten running dates in the top margins. Thus identified, these manuscripts offer insight into the Manchu education received by Ioi Cung and Puyi, which displays a significant degree of continuity, both in content and in practice, with late Qing Manchu language education in more ordinary banner schools. 美國哈佛燕京圖書館藏有三套屬於愛新覺羅毓崇（1903–1965）的手抄滿漢合璧課本。據眉批可知毓崇使用這些課本的時間為宣統五年至十一年，即他於遜清皇室擔任愛新覺羅溥儀陪讀期間。本文借助多種史料確認哈佛燕京所藏抄本的歸屬及其年代，並通過抄本的內容及特徵初步探討遜清皇室的滿文教育與晚清一般旗人滿文教育的異同。

The age and depositional environments of the lower Karoo Moatize Coalfield of Mozambique: insights into the postglacial history of central Gondwana

Margin, in typography, is described as the space between the text content and the document edges and is often essential information for the consumer of the document, digital or physical. In the present age of digital disruption, it is customary to store and retrieve documents digitally and retrieve information automatically from the documents when necessary. Margin is one such non-textual information that becomes important for some business processes, and the demand for computing margins algorithmically mounts to facilitate RPA. We propose a computer vision-based text localization model, utilizing classical DIP techniques such as smoothing, thresholding, and morphological transformation to programmatically compute the top, left, right, and bottom margins within a digital document image. The proposed model has been experimented with different noise filters and structural elements of various shapes and size to finalize the bilateral filter and lines and structural elements for the removal of noises most commonly occurring due to scans. The proposed model is targeted towards text document images and not the natural scene images. Hence, the existing benchmark models developed for text localization in natural scene images have not performed with the expected accuracy. The model is validated with 485 document images of a real-time business process of a reputed TI company. The results show that 91.34% of the document images have conferred more than 90% IoU value which is well beyond the accuracy range determined by the company for that specific process.

These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for ASEJ Scientific Journal. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 2003 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The format of this paper is a letter size, one column text, with 20 mm top and bottom margins and 16,5 mm left and right margins. Do not cite references in the abstract. The abstract should be self-contained and should not exceed 200 words. Follow the style of structured abstracts, but without headings. It should contain main items: place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study, briefly describe main methods or treatments applied in the paper, summarize the paper's main findings; indicate the main conclusions or interpretations with the proviso that it cannot contain results which are not presented and substantiated in the text.

these instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for ASEJ Scientific Journal. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 2003 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The format of this paper is a letter size, one column text, with 20 mm top and bottom margins and 16,5 mm left and right margins. Do not cite references in the abstract. The abstract should be self-contained and should not exceed 200 words. Follow the style of structured abstracts, but without headings. It should contain main items: place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study, briefly describe main methods or treatments applied in the paper, summarize the paper's main findings; indicate the main conclusions or interpretations with the proviso that it cannot contain results which are not presented and substantiated in the text.

The high volatile C bituminous-rank, Bolsovian-age Princess No. 3 coal, a correlative of the heavily-mined Hazard No. 7 coal and the Peach Orchard and Coalburg Lower Split coals, was investigated three sites at a mine in Greenup County, Kentucky. The coal exhibits a “dulling upwards” trend, with decreasing vitrinite and a greater tendency towards dull clarain and bone lithotypes towards the top of the coal. The relatively vitrinite-rich basal lithotype is marked by a dominance of lycopod tree spores. The palynology transitions upwards to a middle parting co-dominated by tree fern and small lycopod spores and an upper bench dominated by tree ferns with contributions from small ferns, cordaites, and calamites. The lithotypes generally have a moderate- to high-S content with a variable ash yield. Sulfur, Fe2O3, and certain siderophile elements are highest near the top of the coal. As observed in other coals, uranium and Ge are enriched at the top and bottom margins of the coal. The rare earth chemistry at the top of the coal has a significantly lighter distribution (higher LREE/HREE) than at the base of the coal.

EMHOFF, K.F.; JOHNSON, M.E.; BACKUS, D.H., and LEDESMA-VÁZQUEZ, J., 2012. Pliocene stratigraphy at Paredones Blancos: Significance of a massive crushed-rhodolith deposit on Isla Cerralvo, Baja California Sur (Mexico).A white blaze across coastal cliffs is the hallmark of Paredones Blancos on Isla Cerralvo, Mexico. Cliff-forming strata include three roughly 10-m-thick units with a lateral coherence of only 0.75 km. The middle unit is a massive deposit of crushed rhodoliths. The other two units consist of matrix-supported conglomerate with cobbles and boulders of granodiorite, basaltic andesite, and hornblende diorite. By volume, the matrix accounts for >80% of those units, mostly composed of grus from weathered granite. Thin sections were studied from samples collected at five levels through the middle rhodolith unit to determine carbonate purity as a ratio between organic CaCO3 and inorganic minerals. The bottom and top margins of the deposit show higher levels of mixed clastics, with 37% inorganic mineral content, as compared with 11% toward the middle. Original depositional environments are interpreted as a rhodolith bank adjacent to a large fan delta built seaward from a wide canyon mouth. The stratigraphic sequence records a rise in sea level that brought rhodolith debris to the flooded canyon mouth above the basal conglomerate, and a drop that emplaced another conglomerate above the rhodolith deposit. A Middle Pliocene age is based on co-occurrence of Clypeaster bowersi and Argopecten revellei within the carbonates.

The wise man is never merely a private citizen: The Roman Stoa in Hugo Grotius’ De Jure Praedae (1604–1608)

AMONG the ten manuscripts of the late thirteenth-century biblical paraphrase Revelacion, shown in Table 1 below, only British Library MS Additional 18633 (A) presents Apocalypse materials in three languages. In addition to its planned Apocalypse components – the picture cycle, Vulgate Apocalypse, Revelacion, and commentary in French prose – A contains extensive portions of a commentary in Middle English prose. In her description of A, Justice alludes to ‘English translations of text … in the margins, written in a 16th-century cursive hand’.1 The purpose of the present note is to establish that the ‘translation’ in question is a paraphrase into Middle English of the same non-Berengaudus French prose gloss that characterizes the γ group of manuscripts (ACT). The inscriptions occupy principally the broad outer margins of fos 10v–39r, but also occasionally the top or bottom margins – in some instances all three areas (e.g. 34v, 36r) – or, exceptionally, sideways in the inner margin along the trough (11v, 23v). The glosses occur on nearly all leaves in this section, which corresponds to Episodes 18–94 of Revelacion.

We are delighted to have a new look journal from 2005. However, the new cover is not the only change; we have more pages and a new layout. I would like to thank the Editorial Board of AOTJ, Katrina Lok (Production Editor) and also designers from Blackwell Publishing who have worked together to develop and produce these new designs and changes. When you look at the new layout inside the journal, you will see many differences. We were aiming to increase the number of words per page so that we can publish more articles per issue and volume. This has been achieved without making the font too small to read. We have also reduced the size of the headings and the top and bottom margins. The position of the abstract and author details has changed, as well as the style of font for the headings and subheadings; all these innovations have saved space. The cover design continues to use the official OT AUSTRALIA colours; we aim to maintain the clarity and accuracy of these colours in the production process. We wanted to have a simple design, which would promote the profession and also stand out on library and occupational therapy department displays. We have the OT AUSTRALIA logo featured as a watermark on the front cover, with the full logo on the back cover. The contents list of the journal issue is maintained on the back cover for easy access. Finally, we have more pages. I wish to thank the Council of OT AUSTRALIA for supporting the Journal's application for more pages per volume. The number of pages has increased from 56 to 92 per issue from 224 to 368 pages per year or volume. This can also be interpreted as an increase of approximately 14 additional manuscripts published per year, which will enable the backlog of manuscripts to be cleared more rapidly. In addition, we will maintain the OnlineEarly facility whereby manuscripts that have been accepted and are ready for publication are published as soon as possible online, prior to allocation in the print version of the journal. It is important to understand that these articles can be cited and used, as they are in fact officially published with a DOI reference number. More details about OnlineEarly are available on the website http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/aot. When visiting the website, go to the page that lists the issues, click the OnlineEarly logo and then read the article ‘What is OnlineEarly?’ All articles published online are complete and searchable articles in HTML, with active links, and there is a PDF with journal-style formatted pages for download if that is preferred. In the HTML online version, you can click on highlighted references that will take you through the links to the reference details and then either to Crossref, Medline or the ISI Abstract. In some cases, you can link right through to the full text reference. I have written in detail about the online facility because it is important for members to try it out and use it! If you have forgotten your pin number, there is a section on the website where you can email Blackwell Publishing so that you can be issued with a new number. While in Canada during late 2004, I received many compliments about our Journal and the many recent innovations — particularly the Critically Appraised Papers section and the online facility, including OnlineEarly. I thank the Journal Board and OT AUSTRALIA for their support of these innovations — we are truly becoming a more international publication. The extra page allocation has enabled the publication of a wide variety of articles in this issue; we hope that the breadth of topics will mean that most readers will find something of interest in their specialty. In addition to the regular departments we have also been able to include a review article on occupational therapy off-road driver assessment tools and a very interesting paediatric case study. We anticipate that we will overcome the backlog of manuscripts during the year and therefore encourage you to submit your research and other articles so we can maintain the variety and high standard of our journal.

Contemporaneous ultramafic and felsic intrusive and extrusive magmatism in the Archaean Boorara Domain, Eastern Goldfields Superterrane, Western Australia, and its implications

SOMETIMES it's not the mountain up ahead that wears you out; it's the in your shoe. If several people work on the same document, it's likely that they will have a few rock in the shoe problems. Obviously, it helps if the authors use the same word-processing program, say, Microsoft Word, but it is difficult to wean people from their favorites. Still, if joint authorship is in your future, it's worth being a little autocratic, since it will avoid a lot of headaches trying to convert from one word processor to another. It is also helpful if the various authors use the same typing conventions. Correctly using a word processor often means unlearning a few things your typing teacher taught you. What follows are a few hints that should make it easier for multiple authors to work together on the same document. Word Processors All word processors are not created equal. If you can start from scratch, your best bet is to pick Microsoft Word, for the simple reason that Word is used by more people than all other word processors combined. If you give your document file to someone, there's a good chance another user can open the file. It is also probably safe to say that many professional journals, including the Kappan, have standardized on Word. If every author insists on using his or her own favorite word processor, the only real solution is to purchase a capable file translation utility, such as MacLink Plus or Conversions Plus for PC, both from DataViz. These translators will almost always keep your formatting in place as you convert from one word processor to another. I would not be without these nifty utilities. And if you work in a mixed Mac and PC environment, you might want to refer to the February 2000 column (available on the Web at www.pdkintl.org/kappan/kvan0002.htm). As I said then, transferring between the two platforms is no longer the obstacle it once was, but a modicum of care is always wise. Formatting and Defaults Word-processing programs come out of the box with certain default settings for such things as page width, tabs, and so on. Word is shipped with a default document format of 1.0-inch top and bottom margins and 1.25 inches for the left and right margins. These 1.25-inch margins are uncommon, in my experience. Of the 10 or more word processors that I've used over the years, most have used 1.0-inch margins all around. Unless you have a reason to do otherwise, I suggest that you use the Format: Document (Mac) or File: Page Setup (PC) menu to change the margins to 1.0 inches on the left and right. Then click the Default button. If you intend to bind your work or three-hole punch the pages, you might want to change the left margin to 1.5 inches. If you're going to print your writing on letterhead paper, you'll want to match your left margin to the left margin of the letterhead. It looks terrible if you don't do this. Word and most word processors come out of the box with a default tab setting every 0.5 inch. Thus anything you indent using the tab key will be indented a half inch. Most graphic artists and typographers like a much smaller indent of a mere three spaces - about 3?16 of an inch. Most people are not as fussy as the typographers and just leave the tab set at 0.5 inch. Typeface Technically, what word processors label fonts are typefaces - so I'll use that term here. Obviously, if several different people write the pages for a document, they need to use the same typeface. By far the can't go wrong choice here is Times New Roman. This is especially true if some people work on a Mac and some work on a PC. And 12 point is probably the most common size, although my graphic artist friend insists that 10 point is better. He may be right, but I just ignore him. Typing Conventions Typing teachers used to teach people how to use a typewriter, not a word processor. Certainly, this is true of us old folks who learned to type many years ago. …

High-resolution bathymetric mapping has shown that submarine flat-topped volcanic cones, morphologically similar to ones on the deep sea floor and near mid-ocean ridges, are common on or near submarine rift zones of Kilauea, Kohala (or Mauna Kea), Mahukona, and Haleakala volcanoes. Four flat-topped cones on Kohala were explored and sampled with the Pisces V submersible in October 1998. Samples show that flat-topped cones on rift zones are constructed of tholeiitic basalt erupted during the shield stage. Similarly shaped flat-topped cones on the northwest submarine flank of Ni'ihau are apparently formed of alkalic basalt erupted during the rejuvenated stage. Submarine postshield-stage eruptions on Hilo Ridge, Mahukona, Hana Ridge, and offshore Ni'ihau form pointed cones of alkalic basalt and hawaiite. The shield stage flat-topped cones have steep (∼25°) sides, remarkably flat horizontal tops, basal diameters of 1–3 km, and heights <300 m. The flat tops commonly have either a low mound or a deep crater in the center. The rejuvenated-stage flat-topped cones have the same shape with steep sides and flat horizontal tops, but are much larger with basal diameters up to 5.5 km and heights commonly greater than 200 m. The flat tops have a central low mound, shallow crater, or levees that surrounded lava ponds as large as 1 km across. Most of the rejuvenated-stage flat-topped cones formed on slopes <10° and formed adjacent semicircular steps down the flank of Ni'ihau, rather than circular structures. All the flat-topped cones appear to be monogenetic and formed during steady effusive eruptions lasting years to decades. These, and other submarine volcanic cones of similar size and shape, apparently form as continuously overflowing submarine lava ponds. A lava pond surrounded by a levee forms above a sea-floor vent. As lava continues to flow into the pond, the lava flow surface rises and overflows the lowest point on the levee, forming elongate pillow lava flows that simultaneously build the rim outward and upward, but also dam and fill in the low point on the rim. The process repeats at the new lowest point, forming a circular structure with a flat horizontal top and steep pillowed margins. There is a delicate balance between lava (heat) supply to the pond and cooling and thickening of the floating crust. Factors that facilitate construction of such landforms include effusive eruption of lava with low volatile contents, moderate to high confining pressure at moderate to great ocean depth, long-lived steady eruption (years to decades), moderate effusion rates (probably ca. 0.1 km3/year), and low, but not necessarily flat, slopes. With higher effusion rates, sheet flows flood the slope. With lower effusion rates, pillow mounds form. Hawaiian shield-stage eruptions begin as fissure eruptions. If the eruption is too brief, it will not consolidate activity at a point, and fissure-fed flows will form a pond with irregular levees. The pond will solidify between eruptive pulses if the eruption is not steady. Lava that is too volatile rich or that is erupted in too shallow water will produce fragmental and highly vesicular lava that will accumulate to form steep pointed cones, as occurs during the post-shield stage. The steady effusion of lava on land constructs lava shields, which are probably the subaerial analogs to submarine flat-topped cones but formed under different cooling conditions.

The prehistoric but geomorphically pristine North Long John rock avalanche of the Inyo Mountains piedmont, California, formed by the catastrophic collapse and disintegration of a 500 × 1000 m range-front bedrock slab. This failure rapidly produced and transferred ~25 million cubic metres of new sediment to the piedmont, where it was deposited in a trough between two coalesced alluvial fans. The avalanche consists of nearly monolithologic (aplitic), unstratified, very angular, muddy, cobble, pebble gravel with boulders concentrated at the top and outer margins. The deposits are clast supported except in the lower central zone. Coarse clasts exhibit crackle-breccia fabric, and the voluminous equant pebbles are the disaggregated products of these clasts. The avalanche deposits are distributed in a U-shaped body with paired lateral levees 10-60 m high that extend 1560 m from the range front to a 108 m high distal snout. Each levee contains three segments that, along with the snout, overlap and extend progressively farther downslope from the inside of each other in a telescoped pattern. The most proximal deposits are the remnant sole sheared off where the avalanche intersected the piedmont, whereas the remainder was deposited as an ensuing grain flow. The radial alignment of the long axes of coarse clasts in the upper levees indicate that particle-particle interaction took place during flowage, and that clasts were pushed towards the margins. Part of the northern second levee borders a sharp and vertical, 10-18 m high scarp cleanly sliced through older fan deposits. This scarp was cut by the leading edge of the avalanche, which rapidly bulldozed away ~0.5 million cubic metres of fan deposits in the flow path. A southward cross-tilt resulted from the avalanche turning south due to interference with higher fan deposits on the north side. Friction from this interference restricted avalanche runout to 1.6 km, 25-33% of the distance predicted by empirical data from case studies lacking flow-path obstructions.

Westminster Abbey Muniment 67209 is a strip of parchment sliced from an Old English manuscript, perhaps to be dated to the first half of the eleventh century (pl. IXaandb). It has top and bottom margins preserved, possibly in full, but no part of either side margin. The height of the fragment is 268mm, with top margin measuring 32mm (recto)/34mm (verso) and bottom 46mm (recto)/45mm (verso). Thus the height of the text block isc. 190mm. The strip is unevenly cut, so its width varies, top, 38mm, bottom 42mm, minimum 31mm.

A Josephson binary counter with nondestructive readout has been implemented and tested in both niobium and niobium nitride technology. Successful operation of the Nb version has been observed. The design incorporates an additional tapered-edge SiO/sub 2/ level in the Nb processing sequence, which increases interferometer inductance, decreases capacitance, and ensures that geometric resonances are as high in frequency as possible. This level has the added advantage of providing mask compatibility with the NbN process, as this level is skipped in the NbN flow, thereby compensating in part for the larger penetration depth of NbN. The counter cell is designed to be as compact as possible to minimize stray inductance and maximize top count rate and high count rate bias margins. A novel readout SQUID coupling layout that allows low read SQUID inductance and requires no holes in the groundplane is used. Coupling to the adjacent count SQUID is provided by a common control line level metallization, which directs count SQUID flux through the read SQUID loop. Nb versions of the circuit functioned as expected, but low device yield limited the longest chain of functioning stages to five. The NbN circuits did not function due to higher than predicted inductance values.

Recent developments in understanding the Archaean granitic basement of the Barberton Mountain Land and adjacent witwatersrand basin hinterland

The effects of cooling rate on texture and pyroxene chemistry in DSDP Leg 34 basalt: A microprobe study

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotope studies of the regional metamorphic complex at Naxos, Greece

1608. Study of the mechanism of atmospheric interaction with the fatigue of metals