Today's Mobile Phones Research Articles

The proposed System for Indoor Location Tracking

Indoor location tracking systems are used to locate people or certain objects in buildings and in closed areas. For example, finding co-workers in a large office building, locating customers within a shopping mall and locating patients in the hospital are a few applications of indoor location tracking systems. Indoor tracking capability opens up multiple possibilities. To address this need, this paper describes the implementation of a Bluetooth-based indoor location tracking system that utilizes the integrated Bluetooth modules in any today's mobile phones to specify and display the location of the individuals in a certain building. The proposed system aims for location tracking/monitoring and marketing applications for whom want to locate individuals carrying mobile phones and advertise products and services.

Smartphone security: understanding smartphone users' trust in information security management

ABSTRACTOwing to the rapid advancement of technologies, today's mobile phones (e.g., smartphones) can not only fulfill users' basic requirements for communication purposes but also serve as powerful pervasive devices with various valuable functions for users. With wide and close Internet accessibility, smartphones nowadays inevitably suffer security threats and information security management (ISM) issues like common computers do. In this research, information security related trust issues are investigated through a user‐based empirical study. Our research project aims to study the relationships between smartphone users' computer literacy, network literacy, knowledge on mobile phone viruses, and trust in ISM principles (i.e., confidentiality, integrity, and availability). The study results indicate that smartphone users' network literacy positively influence their knowledge on mobile phone viruses, whereas users' computer literacy is not significantly associated with their knowledge on mobile phone viruses. Moreover, smartphone users' knowledge on mobile phone viruses would significantly affect their trusts in three ISM principles. The validated research model and corresponding findings can be referenced by business executives and ISM decision makers in electronic commerce (e‐commerce) for making favorable tactics to catch the revolutionary benefits offered by effective ISM policies in the ubiquitous computing environment. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Geo Location based Task Management with Path Optimization

of this paper is to build an application using which tasks can be managed based on geographic location in an optimized manner. The project uses geo location mapping using GPS enabled smart phones, integrated map API and path optimization. In today's world smart mobile phone devices has become an integral part of people life. Among its various uses, building application to support location based services is a trend now a days. Using this LBS concept, this paper deals with the process of task management. Scheduling an appointment or a task and configure it to remind on a scheduled time has become an obvious regular activity. Even though date and time is the core parameters of task management, there is a gap in it. Certain tasks cannot be scheduled based on pre-determined time but can be associated with a location. So, the reminder systems were evolved by considering locations instead of date and time. But, all of them have eminent problems. So the aim of this paper is to enhance task management using location based service using latest technologies and to solve the problem of existing system and also to enable users to manage their daily tasks with better planning. Added to that, this paper is about to cover maximum number of tasks with minimum distances with a representation of map which will be shown to the user along with the alarm when they cross their location of interest.

A COUPLED-FED ANTENNA FOR 4G MOBILE HANDSET

A novel coupled-fed antenna with compact branch- structure for 4G mobile phone is proposed in this paper. In the proposed design, a driven monopole strip and coupled branch- strips are developed to produce difierent operation band. The prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated, tested and discussed. Simulation and measurement results reveal that the proposed antenna can provide two wide frequency bands (698»960MHz, and 1710»2690MHz), which covers multi-band for LTE700/GSM850/GSM900/DCS1800/PCS1900/UMTS/LTE2300/ LTE2500. The proposed antenna with compact size of 34£12£6:5mm 3 is suitable for today's mobile phone application.

A coupled‐fed loop antenna for fourth generation mobile system applications

AbstractThis article proposes a compact printed meander loop antenna for the fourth generation (4G) mobile system applications.The total length of the meander loop operates a one‐wavelength resonant mode (mode 1) at 774 MHz. To increase the antenna's operation bandwidth, this article uses coupled‐fed feeding method that contains a coupling patch connected with a 50‐Ω microstrip feed line. By applying the coupled‐fed method, a new one‐wavelength resonant mode (mode 2) is excited. After carefully adjusted the size of coupling patch, the frequency of mode 2 shifts to 904 MHz combining with mode 1 to form dual broad operations bands. The measured dual broad bands from 658 to 963 MHz and from 1658 to 2693 MHz can be applied in the 4G mobile system, especially for the long‐term evolution application. The two resonant modes are resonated by 1λ loop type that has less influence by changing the size of ground plane. The antenna portion and overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are 20 × 60 × 0.8 mm3 and 120 × 60 × 0.8 mm3 suitable for today's mobile phone application. With the advantages of board band, compact size, low cost, and good performance, the proposed antenna appears to be a promising candidate for the 4G mobile applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1900–1907, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26927

Miniaturization of Nervous Systems and Neurons

Miniaturized species have evolved in many animal lineages, including insects and vertebrates. Consequently, their nervous systems are constrained to fit within tiny volumes. These miniaturized nervous systems face two major challenges for information processing: noise and energy consumption. Fewer or smaller neurons with fewer molecular components will increase noise, affecting information processing and transmission. Smaller, more densely-packed neural processes will increase the density of energy consumption whilst reducing the space available for mitochondria, which supply energy. Although miniaturized nervous systems benefit from smaller distances between neurons, thus saving time, space and energy, they have also increased the space available for neural processing by expanding and contorting their nervous systems to fill any available space, sometimes at the expense of other structures. Other adaptations, such as multifunctional neurons or matched filters, may further alleviate the pressures on space within miniaturized nervous systems. Despite these adaptations, we argue that limitations on information processing are likely to affect the behaviour generated by miniaturized nervous systems.

Probing Streets and the Built Environment with Ambient and Community Sensing

Data has become an important currency in today's world economy. Ephemeral and real-time data from Twitter, Facebook, Google, urban sensors, weather stations, and the Web contain hidden patterns of the city that are useful for informing architectural and urban design. However, often data required for informing a particular building or urban project is not available. In order to gather local and real-time data of the city, sensor devices, which are now embedded in today's urban infrastructures, buildings, vehicles, and mobile phones, have become useful tools for probing streets and the built environment. The proliferations of low-cost microcontrollers that leverage physical computing have also made sensor devices more accessible and easier to configure. The wealth of data from these sensors, if aggregated, synthesized, and analyzed, has the potential to increase our understanding of human and social behaviors in the city. This paper presents a number of projects which use ambient or community sensing to probe streets and the built environment in order to capture real-time and historical data that are pertinent to specific urban contexts. The data that was further analyzed could be used to better inform various stakeholders of the city in their decision-making processes, such as to assist travelers navigating the city by providing informed choices or to help architects or planners identify better design options in architectural or urban design, building retrofits, or new urban intervention projects.

LittleRock: Enabling Energy-Efficient Continuous Sensing on Mobile Phones

Today's mobile phones come with a rich set of built-in sensors such as accelerometers, ambient light sensors, compasses, and pressure sensors, which can measure various phenomena on and around the phone. Gathering user context such as user activity, geographic location, and location type requires continuous sampling of sensor data. However, such sampling shortens a phone's battery life because of the associated energy overhead. This article examines the root causes of this energy overhead and shows that energy-efficient continuous sensing can be achieved through proper system design.

Nanotech tonic

The author asks if nanotechnology can really bring a shape-shifting, solar charged superphone to life. The Finnish handset maker's vision of how nanotechnology could transform today's mobile phone into a self-cleaning, wearable device that changes shape, detects environmental toxins, runs off small, longer- lasting batteries and uses solar energy to charge.

Convergence of Communication, Infotainment, and Multimedia Applications Require Paradigm Shift in Processor Development and Reuse Pattern

Mobile devices of today have been steadily attracting applications far beyond the realm of voice communication. The market penetration rate of mobile devices has defied all predictions and is projected to remain strong for many years to come (more than 3/4th of the world population still need to be connected). Current and future market trend makes it extremely attractive for complimentary applications and features porting to serve the promising demand (on average mobile users change their mobile device once a year) and huge return on investment (a matter of simple software upgrade). The integration of camera, position location, gaming, audio, and video applications in today's high-end mobile phones supports this fact to a large extent. Other features such as audio/video streaming, digital TV, and personalized content delivery are being considered as the standard feature of the next generation mobile communications devices. New features and enhancements fetch much needed revenue stream and prop up applications integration as add-on to primarily voice-centric devices. This add-on scheme in isolation yields a mediocre solution with respect to power and processing efficiency. The additional power consumption reduces talk/idle time substantially and increased processing requirements add to size (processing elements/gates) and consequently reduces talk/idle time as well. In addition it does not scale well and lacks extensibility. This paper presents a framework for developing object oriented processing framework, which exploits the commonality across multi domain functions by leveraging principles of abstraction, instantiation, and overloading --- kind of bringing object oriented programming to hardware level.

Capturing experiences anytime, anywhere

What's the future of mobile experience-capture technology? One problem with mobile blogging is that it requires a lot of user interaction: the user must manually record some media, annotate it with text, and upload it to a server. While applications such as LifeBlog enable this process, there's still room for improvement. One potential way to lessen the burden on the user is to automate capture. This is the goal of Microsoft's SenseCam project. The technology needed to implement SenseCam, with the possible exception of the IR sensor, is already present in several of today's mobile phones. By adding wireless data transfer capabilities, SenseCam could semiautomatically blog for the user. Combining SenseCam technology with a good user interface could allow for much more efficient on-the-go blogging.

Mobile phones and the evolution of social behaviour

Today's mobile phone is a pervasive tool. It has become such an important aspect of a user's daily life that it has moved from being a mere 'technological object' to a key 'social object'. This paper explores the societal and human implications of advances in mobile technology, and notably the increasingly personalized nature of the mobile device. It argues that human and identity and social interaction have not been untouched by the mobile phenomenon.