Tibouchina Granulosa Research Articles

Tibouchina granulosa Leaves Present Anti-Inflammatory Effect.

The ethanol extract (EE) prepared from the leaves of Tibouchina granulosa, and its fraction in ethyl acetate (fEA) were evaluated concerning their capacity to reduce inflammation in different experimental models. fEA was also studied concerning its chemical constituents. EE and fEA were assayed for their anti-inflammatory potential, using formalin-induced licking behavior and carrageenan-induced inflammation into the subcutaneous air pouch (SAP) models. Reduction in polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) activation was performed in freshly isolated PMN. Chromatographic analysis of fEA was performed by HPLC-DAD. Hispiduloside was isolated as the main constituent in fEA, and its quantity was estimated to be 39.3% in fEA. EE (30 mg/kg) significantly reduced the second phase of formalin-induced licking. fEA demonstrated a reduction in leukocyte migration into the SAP. EE and fEA drastically reduced cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ), nitric oxide (NO) production, in vitro PMN migration induced by C5a and IL-8, and TNF-α and IL-1β gene expression. Taken together, our data indicate that either ethanol extract or its fEA fraction from leaves of T. granulosa present an anti-inflammatory effect, contributing to the pharmacological and chemical knowledge of this species and confirming the rationale behind its traditional use.

FLORAL EXTRACT OF Tibouchina granulosa (DESR.) COGN. PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROSPECTION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

Tibouchina granulosa is a species that blooms annually in several regions of Brazil. This species is still little explored in terms of phytocompounds in all organs of this plant, especially the floral organ. Flowers of T. granulosa were collected in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil, in 2021. The hydroethanolic floral extract was prepared by maceration and qualitative phytochemical (colorimetric reactions and salt formation) and antibacterial analyzes performed and the results expressed in millimeters of inhibition at different concentrations in mg mL-1. Several phytochemical classes were observed with positive results, especially for alkaloids, phenolics, oxylates, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins. As for the bacterial assay, potential antibacterial activity was observed for all bacterial strains tested, except for Salmonella serovar Thyphymurium and serovar Enteritidis. Expressive inhibitions were observed for Enterococcus faecalis > Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at the highest concentrations between 100-50 mg mL-1. The floral extract of Tibouchina granulosa showed phytotherapeutic potential with the presence of several phytochemical groups and expressive antibacterial activity.

Tibouchina granulosa (Vell.) Cogn (Melastomataceae) as source of endophytic fungi: isolation, identification, and antiprotozoal activity of metabolites from Phyllosticta capitalensis.

Endophytes are microorganisms that form symbiotic relationships with their own host. Included in this group are the species Phyllosticta capitalensis, a group of fungi that include saprobes that produce bioactive metabolites. The present study aimed to identify the cultivable endophytic fungal microbiota present in healthy leaves of Tibouchina granulosa (Desr.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae) and investigate secondary metabolites produced by a strain of P. capitalensis and their effects against both Leishmania species and Trypanossoma cruzi. Identification of the strains was accomplished through multilocus sequencing analysis (MLSA), followed by phylogenetic analysis. The frequency of colonization was 73.66% and identified fungi belonged to the genus Diaporthe, Colletotrichum, Phyllosticta, Xylaria, Hypoxylon, Fusarium, Nigrospora, and Cercospora. A total of 18 compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrum analysis (UHPLC-HRMS), including fatty acids based on linoleic acid and derivatives, from P. capitalensis. Crude extracts had activity against Leishmania amazonensis, L. infantum, and Trypanosoma cruzi, with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 17.2μg/mL, 82.0μg/mL, and 50.13μg/mL, respectively. This is the first report of the production of these compounds by the endophytic P. capitalensis isolated from T. granulosa.

Draft genome sequences of five Calonectria species from Eucalyptus plantations in China, Celoporthe dispersa, Sporothrix phasma and Alectoria sarmentosa

Draft genome sequences of five Calonectria species [including Calonectria aciculata, C. crousiana, C. fujianensis, C. honghensis and C. pseudoturangicola], Celoporthe dispersa, Sporothrix phasma and Alectoria sarmentosa are presented. Species of Calonectria are the causal agents of Eucalyptus leaf blight disease, threatening the growth and sustainability of Eucalyptus plantations in China. Celoporthe dispersa is the causal agent of stem canker in native Syzygium cordatum and exotic Tibouchina granulosa in South Africa. Sporothrix phasma was first discovered in the infructescences of Protea laurifolia and Protea neriifolia in South Africa. Alectoria sarmentosa is fruticose lichen belongs to the alectorioid clade of the family Parmeliaceae. The availability of these genome sequences will facilitate future studies on the systematics, population genetics, and genomics of these fungi.

Are the Alien Species of Melastomataceae and Bombacoideae a Potential Risk for Brazilian Cerrado?

The cultivation of species in urban areas for landscaping or consumption has increased in cities surrounded by Cerrado, putting in risk the local flora. Thus, the objective of this paper was to describe seed germination and seedling emergence of five urban cultivated species of Melastomataceae and Bombacoideae and compare them with Cerrado native species to evaluate if they offer any risk to local vegetation. The seeds were collected in the urban area of Uberlandia, within the Brazilian Cerrado. We calculated germination and emergence measurements and compared them to literature data. Seeds of Bombax ceiba and Pachira aquatica had a germination and emergence pattern similar to other Bombacoideae. Tibouchina pulchra and Tibouchina granulosa also had a similar pattern to other Melastomataceae, with low germinability. In contrast, seed germination of Heterotis rotundifolia, an invasive African species, was similar to Clidemia hirta, also known as invasive, including the higher spreading of germination through time, a common character of invasive plants. Seed germination of H. rotundifolia was more similar to Cerrado species with dormant seeds, showing high germinability and germination spread through time. These features added to its fast-growing due to its decumbent herbaceous habit that forms dense mats could offer risks to local species. Thus, it is being recommended that its populations be monitored.

Early assessment of tree species with potential for carbon offset plantations in degraded area from the southeastern Brazil

A database on the performance of native plants under different environmental conditions can improve the selection of species most suitable for carbon offset programs. The objective of this work was to identify the potential of 25 tree species for carbon offsetting in a degraded area in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, with a scoring system based on the survival rate (SV) and average annual carbon increment (IMAC). The diameter and height of trees were measured to estimate the annual increments to select those to be scaling by species by the non-destructive method, and to estimate the volume and carbon of each plant by species. The mean SV of trees was 47% with high variability ranging from 5 to 100%, especially for Schinus terebinthifolius (100%); Sapindus saponaria (95%); Senna multijuga (80%); Handroanthus chrysotricha (80%); Plathymenia foliolosa (75%); Cassia grandis (75%) and Colubrina glandulosa (60%), all pioneers except for H. chrysotricha and C. grandis. The lowest SV were for Caesalpinia peltophoroides (20%); Tibouchina granulosa (10%); Anadenanthera pavonina (5%); Cariniana legalis (5%); Samanea inopinata (5%) and Syzygium jambos (5%), all non-pioneering species, except for A. pavonina. The growth of non-pioneer species was generally lesser than pioneer ones, except for Ceiba speciosa. Among non-pioneers, T. granulosa, Bombacopsis glabra and C. grandis stood out for the hight growth. None of the species reached a maximum score (10 points) for the sum of the parameters considered. The highest scores (nine points) were for Schizolobium parahyba and S. multijulga, both pioneers. The lowest scores (two points) were for A., Cariniana legalis, Lecythis pisonis, Samanea Inopinata and S. jambos followed by Cedrela fissilis, Caesalpinia peltophoroides, Cytharexyllum myrianthum, Hymenaea courbaril, Psidium guineense and Tibouchina granulosa (three points) and Anadenanthera macrocarpa and Sterculia chicha (four points). The methodology adopted allowed the assessment on of the potential of plant species for carbon offsetting projects in degraded areas, specifically in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Local ecological knowledge and its relationship with biodiversity conservation among two Quilombola groups living in the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil.

Information on the knowledge, uses, and abundance of natural resources in local communities can provide insight on conservation status and conservation strategies in these locations. The aim of this research was to evaluate the uses, knowledge and conservation status of plants in two Quilombolas (descendants of slaves of African origin) communities in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil, São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB). We used a combination of ethnobotanical and ecological survey methods to ask: 1) What ethnobotanical knowledge do the communities hold? 2) What native species are most valuable to them? 3) What is the conservation status of the native species used? Thirteen local experts described the names and uses of 212 species in SSBV (105 native species) and 221 in SB (96 native species). Shannon Wiener diversity and Pielou’s Equitability indices of ethnobotanical knowledge of species were very high (5.27/0.96 and 5.28/0.96, respectively). Species with the highest cultural significance and use-value indexes in SSBV were Dalbergia hortensis (26/2.14), Eremanthus erythropappus (6.88/1), and Tibouchina granulosa (6.02/1); while Piptadenia gonoacantha (3.32/1), Sparattosperma leucanthum (3.32/1) and Cecropia glaziovii (3.32/0.67) were the highest in SB. Thirty-three native species ranked in the highest conservation priority category at SSBV and 31 at SB. D. hortensis was noteworthy because of its extremely high cultural importance at SSBV, and its categorization as a conservation priority in both communities. This information can be used towards generating sustainable use and conservation plans that are appropriate for the local communities.

Spathaspora piracicabensis f. a., sp. nov., a D-xylose-fermenting yeast species isolated from rotting wood in Brazil.

Two strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from rotting wood of an ornamental tree (purple quaresmeira, Tibouchina granulosa, Melastomataceae) in an Atlantic Rainforest area in Brazil. Analysis of the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-5.8S) region and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that this species belongs to the Spathaspora clade, and is phylogenetically related to Spathaspora brasiliensis, Candida materiae and Sp. girioi. The novel species ferments D-xylose, producing ethanol, with amounts between 3.37 and 3.48gL-1 ethanol from 2% D-xylose. Ascospores were not observed from this new species. The name Spathaspora piracicabensis f. a., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these isolates. The type strain is UFMG-CM-Y5867T (=CBS 15054T=ESALQ-I54T). The MycoBank number is MB 822,320.

Fluctuating asymmetry, leaf thickness and herbivory in Tibouchina granulosa: an altitudinal gradient analysis

Gradient of stressful conditions affect plant physiological and morphological traits. Previous studies have shown that plants located at higher altitudes might exhibit higher levels of both fluctuating asymmetry and leaf thickness. Although it is expected that higher fluctuating asymmetry levels should be accompanied by higher leaf consumption by herbivores, lower herbivory could be expected for elevated leaf thickness. Aiming to investigate this contradiction our objective was to determine the effects of altitude on fluctuating asymmetry and leaf thickness, and evaluate the importance of these two morphological traits on herbivory levels of Tibouchina granulosa Cogn. (Melastomatecea) in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The study was conducted in southern Brazil, along a continuous altitudinal gradient raging from 1275 to 1950 m, where we measured fluctuating asymmetry, leaf thickness and herbivory from leaves of 29 individuals of T. granulosa. There was a positive effect of altitude on both fluctuating asymmetry and leaf thickness but only fluctuating asymmetry was related to herbivore. Our results suggest that as altitude increases plants face more stressful conditions, leading to higher fluctuating asymmetry. This may lead to a higher nutritional quality of leaves and herbivores may use leaf asymmetry as a cue for plant quality. The lack of a relationship between leaf thickness and herbivory gives us evidence that, in the studied location, leaf thickness is not primarily used as plant defense and probably has other functions related, for example, to water, solar radiation, and nutrient stresses. These results may be considered a baseline for the understanding on how altitudinal stress and potential herbivory pressure influence plant populations.

Characterization of anti-inflammatory effect and possible mechanism of action of Tibouchina granulosa.

Tibouchina granulosa, popularly known as 'quaresmeira', belong to a genus widely used in the traditional medicine as infusions from their leaves. Other species of Tibouchina are used as antibacterial, antioxidant or antileishmanial. In this work, our objectives were to investigate the biological effects of T. granulosa in models of acute inflammation. Chemical analysis showed the presence of proanthocyanidins and flavonoids. Infusions from leaves of T. granulosa (1, 3, 10, 30 or 100 mg/kg) were orally administered to mice, and the anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by the formalin-induced licking response, inhibition of carrageenan-induced cell migration into subcutaneous air pouch (SAP) and inhibition of inflammatory mediator production in inflammatory exudate collected from SAP. Our data indicate that tested doses of T. granulosa infusion reduced cell migration, protein extravasated to SAP and cytokine production (i.e. TNF-α and IL-10). All doses also inhibited the first and second phase of formalin-induced licking response. Taken together, our results indicate that leaves of T. granulosa present anti-inflammatory effect and can be useful in the preparation of new phytomedicines.

Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolics and Fatty Acid Profile of Delonix regia, Cassia fistula, Spathodea campanulata, Senna siamea and Tibouchina granulosa

Tropical plants are utilized in traditional medicine and are a storehouse of secondary metabolites, some of which display medicinal properties. Five plants were selected for investigation, namely Cassia fistula, Delonix regia, Senna siamea, Spathodea campanulataand Tibouchina granulosa. Extracts of the inflorescence of these plants were prepared and their antioxidant, total phenolics and fatty acid profile was evaluated. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities were determined by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and total phenolics by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Lipids were extracted by Soxhlet extraction, methylated and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. C. fistulaand S. siamea exhibited the highest antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. T. granulosahowever contained the highest total phenolic content. Linoleic acid was identified as the predominant unsaturated fatty acid in C. fistulaand D. regia, whereas oleic acid, was the predominant unsaturated fatty acid found in S. campanulata,T. grandulosaandS. siamea. Palmitic acid was the major saturated fatty acid in all the lipid extracts with highest percentages being observed in S. siamea. Tropical flowers are an untapped source of natural antioxidants with potential health benefits.

Subterranean termites in urban forestry: tree preference and management.

Urban tree deterioration is a common problem all over the world. Inappropriate plant species choice and inadequate planting may lead to micro and macro organism attacks, such as pests and diseases. Subterranean termite damage is common and may promote tree falls. In order to help urban forestry planning, this work was carried out for 9 years on 1477 street trees in a neighborhood in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Plants were identified to species, grouped as native, exotic plants, and palm trees, and their measures of circumference at breast height (CBH) were taken, in order to evaluate if subterranean termite damages are related to tree size and plant group. Four subterranean termite species were identified infesting up to 27% of the plants, with Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) being the most common. Palm trees were not damaged by subterranean termites, while native plants are the most susceptible, especially Caesalpinia pluviosa var. peltophoroides (Fabaceae). Among the native plants monitored C. pluviosa var. peltophoroides, Caesalpinia ferrea var. leiostachya, Erythrina speciosa, Piptadenia gonoacantha (Fabaceae), Gochnatia polymorpha (Asteraceae), Tibouchina granulosa (Melastomataceae), and Handroanthus spp. (Bignoniaceae), the latter was the least damaged. Exotic plants were also susceptible with the exception of Lagerstroemia indica (Lythraceae) and Platanus acerifolia (Platanaceae). Correlation analysis showed that the higher the CBH value, the higher the percentage of internal damage by C. gestroi. Infested trees were treated with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, and subterranean termites were effectively controlled during the 9-year study.

Bee Visitors of Quaresmeira Flowers (Tibouchina granulosa Cogn.) in the Region of Dourados (MS-Brasil)

This research was developed in the center-urban area at the city of Dourados (MS), in Tibouchina granulosa trees, a plant popularly known as “quaresmeira” in Brazil. The floral visitors of this species were recorded in three daily periods: 7 - 8 a.m., 1 – 2 p.m. and 4 – 5 p. m. Bee visitors of those plants were collected with an entomological net when they landed on the flowers. The bees were anesthetized in a closed camera containing etila acetate, conserved in Dietrich´s fixative and, soon afterwards, transferred to 70% ethyl alcohol for subsequent identification. Almost 300 specimens of Africanized Apis mellifera, Trigona spinipes and Tetragonisca angustula were collected. The presence of these three species of bees in the flowers of T. granulosa suggests that they can be considered the main floral visitors of that vegetal species. T. angustula workers did not visit the flowers of T. granulosa between 7 and 8 a.m., but they were the main floral visitors from 4 to 5 p.m. The workers of T. spinipes presented a very aggressive behavior against the Africanized A. mellifera workers on the quaresmeira flowers, defending the food sources with strength and efficiency and provoking a drastic reduction in the number of honeybee visits between 1 and 2 p.m. Nevertheless, they did not interfere in the opportunistic activity of foraging by T. angustula workers, mainly between 4 and 5 p.m. The most important result of this research was the detection of the Competitive Exclusion Principle between A. mellifera and T. spinipes species in relation to the foraging behavior, when they exploit the floral resources of T. granulosa.

Population structure of Chrysoporthe austroafricana in southern Africa determined using Vegetative Compatibility Groups (VCGs)

SummaryChrysoporthe austroafricana is one of the most damaging pathogens of Eucalyptus trees in southern Africa. It also occurs on non‐native Tibouchina granulosa trees and native Syzygium species. Additional isolates of the pathogen from previously unstudied countries in the region have become available from survey studies. The aim of this study was to use VCGs to consider the diversity in populations of isolates collected in various countries in southern Africa (Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa and Zambia) and from different hosts. We also wanted to determine whether there are shared VCGs among these countries and hosts in southern Africa and establish a VCG tester strain database. Results showed a high diversity amongst isolates from different countries and hosts, but suggested little movement of VCGs among countries or hosts based on the available isolates. A total of 108 VCG tester strains were identified for southern Africa.

Pilidiella tibouchinae sp. nov. associated with foliage blight of Tibouchina granulosa (quaresmeira) in Brazil

Tibouchina granulosa (Melastomataceae), Brazilian glorytree (Brazilian common name - quaresmeira), a common tree of the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, is widely used as an ornamental for its violet or pink blossoms. Little is known about fungal diseases affecting this species, although these represent a known limitation for its cultivation in nurseries. Among these there is a foliage blight that occurs in combination with distortion of branch apices and die-back. A consistent association of a species of Pilidiella with the diseased tissues was observed. The fungus was isolated in pure culture and based on its morphology and DNA phylogeny, we conclude that it represents a new species, for which the name Pilidiella tibouchinae is introduced.

Padrão polínico utilizado por Tetragonisca angustula Latreille (Apidae: Meliponina)

O presente estudo objetivou quantificar e avaliar a carga polínica classificada por coloração encontrada nas corbículas de Tetragonisca angustula Latreille (Apidae: Meliponina). Os grãos de pólen encontrados nas corbículas de T. angustula no período estudado foram de 18 tipos polínicos pertencentes a 16 famílias vegetais. As cores predominantes indicaram uma diversidade de tipos polínicos. A coloração amarela obteve maior riqueza de espécies, sendo indicativo de preferência de cor pela T. angustula. A cor marrom foi a que apresentou a menor freqüência de grãos de pólen e a cor abóbora com a menor riqueza de tipos polínicos. As cores com tonalidades claras foram as mais representativas em número de grãos coletados. Os tipos polínicos mais freqüentes foram Meliaceae, Myrtaceae (Eucalyptus spp.), Piper mollicomum (Piperaceae), Schizolobium parahyba (Caesalpiniaceae) e Tibouchina granulosa (Melastomataceae).

Seedling Emergence and Biomass Growth of Oleaginous and Other Tropical Species in Oil Contaminated Soil

Germination rate in contaminated soils cannot be used as the sole indicator to select suitable species for phytoremediation trials, since it does not predict the plant development after germination. As a result, most screening tests for selection of specie with phytoremediation potential to treat contaminated soils include germination rate and biomass production. These screenings take several months and considerable space in greenhouses. As an attempt to reduce the time required for screening, seedling emergence and root and aerial biomass growth in a very early stage of plant development were investigated in soil contaminated with crude oil. The experimental design was based on a factorial of 6x6x50 where seeds from six tropical species (Ricinus communis - castor bean; Helianthum annus - sunflower, Glycine max - soybean; Acacia holosericea - candelabra wattle; Brachiaria brizantha - braquiaria; Tibouchina granulosa - quaresmeira) were placed in sterilized sand contaminated with crude oil at 6 oil concentrations (0% - control, 0.05%, 0.5%, 2%, 4% and 6% weight/dry weight) in boxes with 50 seeds. Four replicates resulted in a total of 7200 seeds (1 200/specie) in 144 experimental units kept in a greenhouse under light and temperature controlled conditions. It was observed that depending on the oil concentration and specie, germination can be significantly (� = 0.05) postponed or reduced and root as well as aerial dry biomass can be reduced. Root biomass increase was observed for oleaginous species soybean, sunflower and castor bean. Candelabra wattle was the only specie not significantly affected. The results support the hypothesis that more than one type of oil-soil-plant interaction might occur. The ranking in terms of tolerance to the crude oil, considering all variables analyzed was: A. holosericea > G. max = B. brizantha > H. annus > R. communis > T. granulosa. The low cost and short time required by the screening procedure proposed make it useful and effective for testing many species simultaneously, as the first step of a full-scale phytoremediation trial.

Titulações espectrofotométricas de sistemas ácido-base utilizando extrato de flores contendo antocianinas

ANTHOCYANINS. Considering the attraction of the students’ attention by the changes in the colors of vegetable crude extracts caused by the variation of the pH of the medium, the use of these different colors in order to demonstrate principles of spectrophotometric acid-base titrations using the crude extracts as indicators is proposed. The experimental setup consisted of a simple spectrophotometer, a homemade flow cell and a pump to propel the fluids along the system. Students should be stimulated to choose the best wavelength to monitor the changes in color during the titration. Since the pH of the equivalence point depends on the system titrated, the wavelength must be properly chosen to follow these changes, demonstrating the importance of the correct choice of the indicator. When compared with the potentiometric results, errors as low as 2% could be found using Rhododendron simsii (azalea) or Tibouchina granulosa (Glory tree, quaresmeira) as sources of the crude extracts.

Celoporthe dispersa gen. et sp. nov. from native Myrtales in South Africa.

In a survey for Cryphonectria and Chrysoporthe species on Myrtales in South Africa, a fungus resembling the stem canker pathogen Chrysoporthe austroafricana was collected from native Syzygium cordatum near Tzaneen (Limpopo Province), Heteropyxis canescens near Lydenburg (Mpumalanga Province) and exotic Tibouchina granulosa in Durban (KwaZulu-Natal Province). The fungus was associated with dying branches and stems on S. cordatum, H.canescens and T.granulosa. However, morphological differences were detected between the unknown fungus from these three hosts and known species of Chrysoporthe. The aim of this study was to characterise the fungus using DNA sequence comparisons and morphological features. Pathogenicity tests were also conducted to assess its virulence on Eucalyptus (ZG 14 clones), H.natalensis and T. granulosa. Plants of H. canescens were not available for inoculation. Results showed distinct morphological differences between the unknown fungus and Chrysoporthe spp. Phylogenetic analysis showed that isolates reside in a clade separate from Chrysoporthe and other related genera. Celoporthe dispersa gen. et sp. nov. is, therefore, described to accommodate this fungus. Pathogenicity tests showed that C.dispersa is not pathogenic to H. natalensis, but that it is a potential pathogen of Eucalyptus and Tibouchina spp.

Maturação fisiológica de sementes de quaresmeira

O presente trabalho objetivou estudar a maturação fisiológica de sementes de quaresmeira (Tibouchina granulosa Cogn.). Cada inflorescência foi identificada em sua respectiva data de antese. Os frutos foram colhidos semanalmente para avaliações de diâmetro, peso, coloração, grau de umidade e massa de matéria seca. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto à massa de 1.000 sementes, velocidade e porcentagem de germinação. As determinações foram conduzidas com quatro subamostras de 50 frutos e sementes, por colheita, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. A maturação fisiológica das sementes ocorreu entre 84 e 105 dias, a colheita deve ser feita entre 84 e 98 dias, e a deiscência dos frutos ocorre 105 dias após a antese. O teor de água e a massa de matéria seca foram os índices que melhor caracterizaram a maturação fisiológica e época de colheita das sementes; o tamanho dos frutos e a coloração das sementes revelaram-se como bons indicadores do ponto de maturação fisiológica. A maior porcentagem de germinação foi obtida entre 77 e 110 dias, e o vigor das sementes aumenta até 91 dias após a antese. As sementes de Tibouchina granulosa apresentaram dormência após a maturação fisiológica.