The Effect of Thirst on Impulsive Purchasing: Focusing on the Mediation of Self-Control

We investigated the effects of a carbohydrate-whey protein solution on aged patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Forty patients were randomly assigned to the carbohydrate-whey protein (CHP) group or the control group (CTL). In the CHP group, a mixed solution of CHP was orally administered to patients before surgery: 400 mL was administered on the day before surgery, and 200 mL was administered 3 h before surgery. The size of the liquid dark area in the gastric antrum was measured by ultrasound, and the bleeding volume during surgery was assayed. The incidence of nausea, vomiting, thirst, hunger, and days of hospitalization and the levels of blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum albumin were assessed. There was no obvious liquid dark space in the gastric antrum. CHP administration improved postoperative thirst and hunger and resulted in increased albumin levels and decreased CRP concentrations and blood glucose fluctuations. Oral CHP before hip fracture surgery reduces the incidence of postoperative thirst and hunger and improves recovery in the aged.

Objective To systematically review the influencing factors of nutritional status in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) . Methods Researches on influencing factors of nutritional status in HNC patients were retrieved in databases, such as PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data and Chinese Biological Medicine (CBM) by computer from January 2010 to July 2018. Quality assessment, content extract and analysis was carried out for literatures met inclusive criteria. Results Finally, a total of 19 researches were included.Qualitative analysis and simple correlation showed that those researches involved 47 factors, the influencing factors of nutritional status included the reduced ingestion, high levels of weight and body mass index (BMI) before treatment, low levels of hemoglobin and serum albumin, swallowing problem, thirst, sense problem, constipation and oral mucositis; 23 factors of them were with varying degrees of influence, such as the ages, males, education levels and drinking. Multivariate analysis showed that those researches involved 35 factors; the influencing factors of nutritional status of HNC patients included the radiotherapy types/technology and swallowing problem; 17 factors of them were with varying degrees of influence, such as the ages, habitation and smoking. In simple correlation and multivariate analysis, swallowing problem was the only factor with statistical differences in two kinds of analysis; the ages, tumor stage, tumor location/kinds of disease, grades of T and N, complications after radiotherapy and adverse reactions were only with statistical differences in simple correlation but without statistical differences in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Nutritional status of HNC patients is influenced by many factors and influence of most factors is uncertain with great individual differences. Influencing factors of nutritional status of HNC patients and mechanisms need to be explored and expounded respectively by further studies, especially pay attention to swallowing problem of HNC patients. Key words: Head and neck neoplasms; Nutrition; Influencing factors; Systematic review

Objective To explore the status quo of thirst distress in patients with heart failure and its influencing factors and to provide a basis for developing intervention measures. Methods Totally 445 patients with heart failure were selected from 3 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Jiangsu and He'nan Provinces by convenient sampling, and investigated with the general information questionnaire, Thirst Distress Scale-Heart Failure (TDS-HF) , Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of Life Scale (MLHFQ) and 24-hour Input and Output Record between August and December 2018. The influencing factors to thirst distress in patients with heart failure were also analyzed. Results A total of 445 questionnaires were sent out, and 401 questionnaires were effectively recovered. The TDS-HF and MLHFQ scores of the patients with chronic heart disease were (21.98±9.70) and (57.77±28.34) , and there was a positive correlation between the two (P=0.003) . Univariate analysis revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in TED-HF scores between the patients with different body surface area, BMI, drinking alcohol or not, 7 d fluid intake, 7 d fluid output, 7 d input-output difference, proportion of morning input, proportion of afternoon input, proportion of night input, cardiac function, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) , NT-proBNP, estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) , with or without edema and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P<0.05) . Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted taking TDS-HF scores as dependent variables and the statistically significant variables found in univariate analysis as independent variables. The results showed that patients' BMI, body surface area, 7 d fluid intake, 7 d input-output difference, proportion of morning input, proportion of afternoon input, cardiac function, ePVS, edema grading and eGFR were the main influencing factors to thirst distress in patients with heart failure (P<0.05) . Conclusions The thirst distress is severe in patients with heart failure, which is affected by limited water, individual variation between patients and disease conditions. It is necessary for medical and nursing workers develop targeted intervention measures, reduce thirst distress while achieving the best outcomes, and improve the patients' quality of life. Key words: Heart failure; Quality of life; Thirst distress; Fluid balance

Plant thirst quenched without water

The Case | A 59-year-old woman with pressing thirst

Objective To investigate the effection of 10% glucose on laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Including 82 cases in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy from June 2018 to November 2018 in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University. They were divided into the experimental group(40 cases) and the control group (42 cases) according to admission time. The control group used conventional nursing measures, fast day after 0:00. The experimental group took orally 400 ml 10% glucose solution on the night before surgery, 10% glucose 100 ml at 6:00 on the day. And then the perioperative safety, comfort and hospital satisfaction were observed. Results No postoperative nausea and vomiting and complications occurred in the two groups. The perioperative satisfaction score of the experimental group was greater than the control group, which was 94.00±3.08 and 80.00±11.54 points, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.45, P<0.01). The VAS scores of thirst, hunger, fatigue and anxiety in the experimental group were 2.97±3.55, 1.50±0.57, 2.50±1.00, 2.25±0.96, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group (3.55±2.98, 2.25±0.50, 5.50±0.57, 5.25±1.89), and the differences were statistically significant (t= 2.83-5.19, P<0.01 or 0.05). The VAS scores of thirst, hunger and fatigue in the experimental group were 3.60±1.00, 3.50±0.56, 2.75±1.50, respectively, 4 h after surgery, which were lower than those in the control group (7.00±0.58, 4.75 ±1.25, 5.75±0.50), with statistically significant differences (t=5.00, 3.69, 3.79, P<0.05). Compared with preoperative situation, the thirst and hunger degree of the two group both increased after surgery, while the anxiety degree of the control group decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-9.91-5.20, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions Oral administration of 10% glucose solution before laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and effective, which can improve perioperative comfort and hospitalization satisfaction of patients. Key words: Glucose; Cholecystectomy, laparoscopic; Preoperative care

El presente trabajo tiene como objeto denunciar la tensión existente entre la desproporcionada expansión de los efectos de un modelo global que trae consigo la masificación de situaciones mortales para la población vulnerable en el mundo. Asimismo la revisión del crimen como término circunscripto y limitado a las conductas desviadas, para expandir la categoría hacia los crímenes de sistema, para describir a los sujetos activos internacionales que producen situaciones proclives a la violación de los derechos humanos de dichos pueblos. El autor se pregunta por ¿cómo debemos llamar a las violaciones masivas de los derechos humanos, consistentes, todas ellas, en catástrofes humanitarias? ¿Cómo debemos calificar, sobre la base de las cartas constitucionales e internacionales de los derechos de libertad y de los derechos sociales que integran nuestros ordenamientos, a los millones de muertos a causa del hambre, la sed y las enfermedades, víctimas del crecimiento exponencial de la desigualdad y la pobreza? ¿Cómo debemos configurar jurídicamente a las cientos de miles de personas que son constreñidas a escapar de las guerras y la miseria provocadas por las políticas de los países más fuertes, que hasta pierden la vida en sus tremendas odiseas o que, al arribar a nuestros países, se topan con la exclusión y la opresión racista solo por sus identidades diferentes? Más aún: ¿cómo debemos concebir, en el plano jurídico, a las devastaciones ambientales que sufren, sobre todo, las poblaciones de los países pobres y que son producidas por la ausencia de límites y controles sobre el desarrollo industrial ecológicamente insostenible de los países ricos?. Por último aborda la cuestión relativa al interés de todos en la supervivencia de la humanidad y en la habitabilidad del planeta.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Pain, Nausea and…Thirst?

This article reported a case of type 1 diabetes caused by a programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor. The patient was a 52-year-old man with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who received the combined therapy of PD-1 inhibitor Nivolumab and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor Bevacizumab. He presented with thirst, polydipsia, polyuria, repeated vomiting, and fatigue 9 weeks after initiation of the therapy and developed into diabetic ketoacidosis about 2 weeks later, with blood glucose 50.9 mmol/L, HbA1C8.4%, serum fasted and glucose-loaded C peptide <0.01 ng/ml, arginine test negative, and autoantibodies negative. The patient was diagnosed as type 1 diabetes caused by the PD-1 inhibitor and was given intensive glucose lowering treatment with insulin, his water and electrolyte disorders were also corrected. His symptoms improved but he had to continue insulin treatment. It is recommended to check baseline glucose level prior to the initiation of treatment with PD-1 inhibitor, and should carefully monitor the clinical symptoms and glucose levels during the treatment. Timely detection, correct diagnosis and treatment are important to ensure patients′ safety and to improve their prognosis. Key words: PD-1 inhibitor; Diabetes mellitus, type 1

Ghazal of Nightmare and Thirst

Thirst — and the prospect of a drink — fires up the brain

![Graphic][1] Have you ever thought about how your preference for food changes with the weather? In winter, we often fancy something warm and highly calorific, like roasts or cheese-loaded pasta, while we might prefer something fresh and crunchy, like a salad, in summer. This decision is not

Objective To explore the status quo of thirst in patients receiving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during fasting and water deprivation after extubation and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods Totally 120 patients undergoing CPB in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Nanjing from December 2017 to May 2018 were selected in this prospective study. The general information questionnaire was used to collect the data, and the patients' thirst score and unstimulated salivary flow rate (USF) were measured. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the factors affecting postoperative thirst in the patients. Results The incidence rate of thirst in the CPB patients 6 h post extubation was 100%, and their thirst score was (6.20±1.90) ; and the patients' thirst intensified over time. Univariate analysis showed that the patients' postoperative thirst was positively correlated with postoperative body temperature, respiratory rate, serum sodium concentration and urinary volume (r=0.172, 0.105, 0.209, 0.258; P<0.05) , and negatively correlated with postoperative fluid balance volume and USF (r=-0.222, -0.565; P<0.05) . Multivariate analysis showed that USF and fluid balance volume were the main influencing factors to thirst in the patients (P<0.05) . Conclusions The incidence rate of thirst in CPB patients is relatively high and it is associated with multiple factors. Nurses should pay attention to the patients' thirst and take targeted measures to ameliorate their thirst to improve their comfort in nursing practice. Key words: Cardiac surgery; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Thirst; Unstimulated salivary flow rate; Fluid balance volume

Objective To explore the real experience of newly recruited nurses during standardized training and to provide a basis for improving the means of standardized training. Methods Totally 11 newly recruited nurses who received standardized training in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital were selected and interviewed by purposive sampling. The interview data were read repeatedly, analyzed, encoded, classified and finally refined to the topics using the phenomenological method in qualitative studies. Results Totally 4 topics were refined in this study, including occupational cognitive imbalance, mental stress caused by workplace stimulus, physiological stress caused by workplace stimulus and thirst for knowledge. Conclusions Newly recruited nurses have not fully become practitioners from the role of students. Schools and teaching hospitals need to pay attention to specialized training and pre-vocational transition education, provide relevant training and courses, and make the nurses under standardized training adapted to clinical work as soon as possible. Key words: Nurses; Newly recruited; Standardized training; Qualitative study; Real experience; Feelings

Thirst M. Daniel McCrotty (bio) Between some hills no stream forms, only softimpressions and solitary beads of onestone offering another an immersion of sheen.Salamanders grow in the exudations, burrowinto moist gravel-sand as soil sieves fallenrain, air absorbs mist, or clouds which gathera river's rise into themselves.And the low places feed unseen mud hollowsto hold until they bubbles up in greatersilent splendor, clean as damp languagein the bottom of a well. If this water runstainted then the center of the mountain has givenover to illness, like a church which places a bundle ofswitches at its doorstep to warn off any thirsty throat. [End Page 113] M. Daniel McCrotty M. Daniel McCrotty lives in Knoxville, Tennessee. He enjoys collecting Appalachian poetry, fly fishing local rivers, and spending time with his wife. His work has previously appeared in Still: The Journal, Jelly Bucket, and Foothill Journal, among others. Copyright © 2019 Berea College

Mung beans, also known as Lu Dou, are one of the traditional soy foods consumed mainly in East Asia, especially by Chinese and Japanese. It has been used both as nutritional food and herbal medicine. Mung is a valuable plant for sustainable agriculture due to its ability to use atmospheric nitrogen. Because of energy crises and high mineral fertilizer prices cultivation of legumes become one of the most promising strategies for sustainable agriculture. The factors determining the efficiency of symbiotic process are the genetic constitution of the host plant and bacteria, environment, and technological inputs (inoculums, fertilizers and pesticides). Inoculation of mung bean with Bradyrhizobium enhanced nodulation, and results in increasing of shoot biomass and grain yield. The legume residues are also a good source of mineral nitrogen for the succeeding crops. Mungbean is rich in easily digestible protein, it also contains vitamin A, B1, B2, C, niacin, folate, iron, calcium, and zinc. Nutrition therapy on the basis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is quite effective at treating common diseases. The most important health benefits of mung beans are anti-oxidant effects, antifungal and antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, activity against diabetes, hypertension and cancer. Mung bean clears heat, detoxifies, reduces swelling, promotes urination, quenches thirst, aids edema in the lower limbs. It is recommended for conjunctivitis, diabetes, dysentery, summer heat, heatstroke, dehydration, edema and food poisoning.

The article deals with the terms “bureaucracy” and “bureaucracy”; opinions of various developers of the theory of bureaucracy are given; it is indicated that for a long time in our country, studies on bureaucracy were significantly limited; the state of discussion of the problem of bureaucracy today is indicated, in particular, a list of problems and phenomena that are associated with the phenomenon of bureaucracy is given; it is noted that the problem of bureaucracy cannot be overcome by just talking, it is necessary to look for other leverage; it is noted that some scientists considered a rational bureaucracy as an organic component of the optimal division of labor and a well-functioning management mechanism, as an indispensable condition for the successful and dynamic development of industrial society; M. Weber’s research in the study of the concept of “bureaucracy” is given separately, such as depriving him of an emotionally negative connotation, establishing criteria that must be met by a rationally structured management system and the inevitability of bureaucracy in it; the people involved in the bureaucratic apparatus are characterized and the most important characteristics of the bureaucracy are provided; it is indicated that these values have an active influence on the values of society and thereby form the foundation of the social strength of the bureaucratic system; weaknesses of the bureaucratic system were also noted, such as: personnel stagnation, exorbitant bureaucratic arrogance, “thirst” for independent power; “Fierce hatred” of all those “who expresses a desire to engage in administrative affairs outside of her”; it is noted that management activities within the framework of a rationally constructed bureaucratic system are divided into simple elementary operations endowed with specific competence in the form of optimality and professionalism in solving all emerging problems; features of the style of the ideal leader who must manage his device impersonally, without the manifestation of any feelings and enthusiasm; the high social efficiency of professional bureaucratic management is indicated, which ensures the stability and dynamic development of the social organism, personnel, increases the prestige of professional education, creates an increased demand for diplomas and elite educational institutions, argues that bureaucracy should be criticized; it is indicated that the bureaucratic apparatus must be at risk of various destructive dysfunctions, such as ossification, closure, isolation from the people and their interests; it is determined that the principles and technologies of rational bureaucracy not only did not discredit themselves, but also survive a period of modernization; priority areas of public administration reform are given, in particular the introduction of the concept of “State in a smartphone” and the electronicization of public services; it is indicated that rethinking strategies and revising plans, in particular with regard to the bureaucratic organization of the state apparatus, is a requirement of time and a desire to really solve state problems.

Beyond the glands; A toll for the forgotten thirst

Objective To explore the effects of dietary intervention before selective coronary intervention on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to provide reference and basis for building a feasible and practical preoperative dietary management system. Methods Totally 300 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received coronary intervention in the Cardiac Catheterization Room of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2016 to December 2017 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the control group (n=150) and the observation group (n=150) according to the random number table. Patients in the control group were fasted for solids and liquids for 4 hours before coronary intervention, while patients in the observation group received foods and drinks for diabetic patients rather than being fasted for solids and liquids as well as individualized dietary guidance from dieticians, specialized diabetes nurses and intervention nurses jointly. The incidence rate of perioperative hypoglycemia. hunger, thirst, anxiety score before and after the intervention, comfort of dietary management were evaluated between the two groups. Results The control group scored higher in hunger, thirst and anxiety than the observation group (P<0.05); the comfort of dietary management was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05); the incidence rate of perioperative asymptomatic hypoglycemia in the observation group was 2.0%, while that in the control group was 20.6%; the incidence rate of perioperative symptomatic hypoglycemia in the observation group was 0, while that in the control group was 1.3%. Conclusions Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus should not be fasted for solids and liquids as conventionally did before selective coronary intervention. Rather, a scientific preoperative dietary management model can prevent the incidence of perioperative hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, enhancing the comfort and safety of operation during the perioperative period. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Clinical governance; Coronary vessels; Intervention; Fasting for solids and liquids