Third Decade Of August Research Articles

The Occurrence and Sex Ratio of Diabrotica virgifera Le Conte Beetles on Sweet Maize (Zea mays var. Saccharata) In South-Eastern Poland Near Rzeszów in 2007-2009

The Occurrence and Sex Ratio of Diabrotica virgifera Le Conte Beetles on Sweet Maize (Zea mays var. Saccharata) In South-Eastern Poland Near Rzeszów in 2007-2009 Studies were conducted in 2007-2009 on sweet maize (Zea mays var. saccharata), Candle variety, in Terliczka near Rzeszów. The observations were carried out based on an permission from the Main Inspectorate of Plant Health and Seed Inspection, No. WF-411d/5/2008. The objective of the conducted study was to specify the occurrence dynamics of Western corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera) beetles on sweet maize in order to establish the optimal period for their control. In addition their sexual structure between July and September were specified. In south-eastern Poland D. virgifera beetles began their flights onto sweet maize plants from the second decade of July. Male occurred first, and the flights of females began several days later. Moreover, it was found that the maximum number of males on plants is recorded earlier than that of females. During the feeding of beetles on maize the period of their most abundant occurrence was from the end of July to the third decade of August. During the flight of adult one population peak was usually recorded: in the third decade of July and the first decade of August, and only in 2007 was it in the second decade of July. In 2007-2009, D. virgifera ended their feeding in late September. Females dominated among the captured insects during the study years. Their percentage share in the total number of captured beetles was from 59.7 to 84.1%. The population of males in individual years varied, and their percentage share was between 15.9 and 40.3%.

Comparative research of certain traits of the living ability of gentian seed grown and wild from several locations

Results of the laboratory study of the quality of gentian seed are analyzed in this paper. Seed originated from wild and grown plants from Zlatibor Mountain (approx. 1000 m above sea level) collected in the third decade of August 2006 and from wild and grown gentian plants around Ivanjica (approx. 1030 m above sea level) collected also in the third decade of August 2006, as well as from grown plants in the Tara Mountain (approx. 1000 m above sea level) collected during the same period. The effects of cooling (90 days at 40C) and moistening and cooling (90 days at 40C) on germination energy (GE) and total germination of seed (TG) were observed. The origin of the seed (if it comes from grown or wild plant) had influence on both investigated traits, and grown seed had slightly better germination energy and higher total germination compared to seed of wild plants. On the location in Tara we had no seed from wild plants so no comparison was possible. The location also demonstrated significant effect on traits of ability for living, so wild seed from Zlatibor was of higher quality than the one collected in the vicinity of Ivanjica. In regard to seed from grown gentian the highest quality was determined in seed grown in Zlatibor Mountain, than Tara, and the poorest germination traits were exhibited by seed grown around Ivanjica. The variant with moistening and cooling of seed regardless of the location and origin possessed better germination energy and total germination compared to seed that has only been cooled, and especially in regard to the control (no cooling). .

Different timing of autumn migration of two Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula subspecies through the southern Baltic revealed by biometric analysis

Ringed Plovers were trapped in Puck Bay (southern Baltic) between 1983 and 2002 during autumn migration. In adults a clear decrease of mean wing and bill lengths occurred between the third decade (ten‐day period) of July and the first decade of August. A similar pattern was observed in juvenile wing lengths, whereas a sharp decline in mean bill length occurred later, between the second and the third decade of August. These changes in biometrics suggested that the larger birds passing through the study area in July belonged to the hiaticula subspecies and late migrants (adults caught from the beginning of August and juveniles caught from the third decade of August) were of the tundrae subspecies. This was supported by comparison of mean measurements of these early and late migrants passing through Puck Bay with data from other areas where only either hiaticula or tundrae occur. These data were used to compare the biometrics of adults and juveniles of each subspecies.

Autumn Migration Dynamics of the Dunlin (Calidris alpina) at the Reda Mouth (Southern Baltic)

Autumn Migration Dynamics of the Dunlin (Calidris alpina) at the Reda Mouth (Southern Baltic) The study was conducted between 1996 and 2000 at one of the most important stopover sites for waders migrating along the southern Baltic coast. Everyday counts and trapping were performed between mid-July and the end of September. This period covered almost the whole period of adult migration, and a little more than a half of the total period of passage of juveniles. The majority of adults passed the study area between mid-July and the third decade of August. After this period adults were still observed among migrated Dunlins, but their number was rather small. In all seasons except 1996 second-year Dunlins migrated earlier than older birds, however migration periods of both groups overlapped to a large extent. First juveniles were recorded among migrating Dunlins as early as in the second decade of July. They belonged to the Baltic subspecies C. a. schinzii. The number of juveniles showed conspicuous increase not earlier than in the last decade of August, when birds of C. a. alpina arrived. The intra-seasonal changes in numbers of adults and juveniles showed a clear wavy structure. Two waves seem to be the most common pattern of juvenile migration in the Baltic area. Different factors which might influence the observed variation of migration patterns are discussed. Among them the most important aspects seem to be differences in migration timing between adult males and females and different geographical populations. Also local environmental conditions and weather situation on a route preceding a particular study site might influence the migration timing.

AGROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE PERVYY VOLZHSKIY WINTER BARLEY VARIETY

The State register of the selection achievements allowed to use on Volga-Vyatka and Middle Volga to regions since 2009 included a grade of winter barley Volga the First. Volga the first – multirow barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a kind of pallidum, it is received by method of individual selection of a selection sample 18, after mass death winter in 1994. The grade possesses unique adaptive properties, a powerful spring kushcheniye, proteinaceous formula of gordein which didn't meet in the territory of Russia and the former Soviet Union earlier. Long and various test, studying of a grade allows to draw a conclusion on possibility of its cultivation in the Central and Volga region regions of the country. A possible condition of success is the knowledge and observance of a high-quality agrotechnology. The new design of skating rinks and harrows is offered. Volga the First ripens for 10…15 days before summer barley and for 7…12 days before winter wheat. Grain protein content depending on the level of nitric food varies from 8,15% to 16%. The maximum productivity reached 104 c/hectare. During three years, research of Volzhskiy Pervyy cultivation technology were carried out in Kemerovo Agricultural Research Institute (West Siberian region) and during five years in Ulyanovsk Agricultural Research Institute (Srednevolzhskiy region). In the specific natural conditions were identified optimal timing, the rates of Volzhskiy Pervyy seeding. The authors consider it is possible to cultivate in the conditions of the Northen Forest Steppe, Kuznetsovskaya kotlovina When sowing in the second half of the third decade of August with a seeding rate of 5.0 million pieces / ha of еру germination seeds. The same conclusion was drawn in the Ulyanovsk Scientific Research Institute.