Thick-walled Cylinder Research Articles

Geocell Reinforced Flexible Pavement: Analysis of Strain Induced in Geocell vis-a-vis Thin and Thick-walled Cylinder Theory

Vertical pressure from vehicles on pavement reinforced with geocell develops radial and hoop stresses on geocell walls. Thin-walled cylinder theory is used to estimate the strain induced in geocell by some researchers. It is observed that thin-walled cylinder theory significantly overestimates induced strain when compared with experimental values. This paper presents non-accounted effect of lateral resistance mobilized due to geocell infill soil in computing strain by thin-walled cylinder theory. It is observed that computed strain values using thin-walled cylinder theory accounting lateral resistance match well with experimental results reported in literature. Equivalent thickness (teq) of geocell is then back-calculated by matching the experimental strain values with computed strain values using thin-walled cylinder theory accounting lateral resistance. As the thickness of geocell increases in the form of teq,thick-walled cylinder theory is also studied to analyze the strain induced in the geocell. Combined analysis is then carried out by modifying thick-walled cylinder theory equations using teqderived from thin-walled cylinder theory, and new factor named merging factor (M.F.) is introduced. Results of thick-walled cylinder theory with M.F. match well with experimental strain values reported in literature. Strain computed using modified thin-walled cylinder theory is validated with laboratory results of other researchers.

Fatigue life analysis of high-pressure seamless steel cylinder for hydrogen using autofrettage design

The seamless steel gas cylinders remain widely used for hydrogen refueling stations due to its intrinsic safety, especially for the situations with high pressure over than 60 MPa. When the internal pressure thick wall cylinder is subjected to high pressure even ultra-high pressure, autofrettage process is usually adopted to improve its bearing capacity and fatigue life. In this paper, fatigue life analysis was performed on the seamless steel cylinder for hydrogen using the autofrettage design approach. The stress distribution along the wall thickness direction before and after the autofrettage process were analyzed. Based on the ideal elastic-plastic material, the residual stress caused by the autofrettage pressure were obtained. On this basis, the expressions of residual stress and total stress along the cylinder wall in elastic-plastic deformation region were obtained, which will affect the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR). Therefore, the fatigue crack growth tests of 34CrMo4 steel under different stress ratios (R) were carried out, especially for R < 0 to simulate the residual stress. Using the FCGR corrected with stress ratio, the fatigue life of the autofrettage high-pressure seamless steel cylinder was estimated and compared with the conditional cylinder. The results showed that fatigue life can be improved using the autofrettage design approach.

Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modelling for Prediction Corrosion Induced Cracking Damaged in Reinforced Concrete Beam

The quality and condition of the reinforced concrete structure is critical, particularly in high-rise buildings where the danger of service life failure is extremely high. Usually, certain structures collapse as a result of cracks and spreading caused by corrosion. Due to this reason, there is a requirement for software program that can promptly measure and evaluate the strength, growth, and longevity of the structure. Researchers use Finite Element Modelling (FEM), a reliable approach to foresee the deterioration and fracturing of structures. The application of finite element modelling in determining the remaining strength of damaged components can provide crucial data, which is particularly relevant for engineers in real-world scenarios. Moreover, it has the ability to replicate the cracking caused by corrosion in reinforced concrete elements. A corrosion-induced cracking model is suggested to be included into a three-dimensional plane-stress finite element model. The cracking model provides an indication of the extent of corrosion-induced damage in the concrete, allowing for the study of strength and behavioural changes. The effect of corrosion-induced cracking in a thick wall cylinder model will be simulated by the finite element model in order to identify and analyse the cracks caused by corrosion in the concrete cover. A corrosion-induced cracking experiment will be conducted with two different cover thicknesses and reinforcement using the Midas FEA commercial software to create a three-dimensional model. There is a slight discrepancy between the numerical analysis modelling and the analytical approach in terms of the crack's initiation and propagation, mostly resulting from variations in modelling assumptions, methods, and parameters. This disagreement arises when comparing the numerical analysis model with the previously published work. Nevertheless, the numerical model may be used to simulate both crack propagation and the critical pressure needed to produce corrosion-induced concrete cover cracking.

Analysis of the Magneto-Thermal Bidirectional Coupling Strength of Macro and Micro Integration for Self-Starting Permanent Magnet Hysteresis Synchronous Motors

High-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are usually started with the hybrid low-speed open-loop and high-speed closed-loop control mode. However, low-speed open-loop control produces large starting current, or even current overload, resulting in demagnetization and motor damage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor with self-starting ability at low speed, that is, a permanent magnet hysteresis motor (PMHM). This paper takes the permanent magnet ring hysteresis column rotor structure as the research object. Firstly, the performance of this type of rotor is improved using the micro level of effective layer material AlNiCo, and the mechanical properties of AlNiCo are calculated. Secondly, based on the thick-walled cylinder theory, the analytical model for calculating the strength of the composite rotor considering the temperature effect is deduced, and the tangential and radial stress distribution for each part of the rotor under no-load and load conditions are obtained. Then, the electromagnetic losses and temperature field distribution of the rotor are obtained using the magneto-thermal bidirectional coupling finite element method. Finally, strength of the thermal rotor is analyzed by substituting the temperature rise curve function and AlNiCo parameters at the operating temperature. The comparison of the stress calculation results of the semi-analytical solution and the finite element method showed that the error between both of them is less than 5%, which verified that the semi-analytical solution can accurately analyze the thermal stress distribution of the rotor during high-speed rotation.

Analytical Modeling of Shrink-Fitted FGM Thick-Walled Cylinder

One off the most powerful assembly technique is the shrink-fitting process.It is found in many fields such us mechanics, petroleum, military industries as well as in nuclear power plants etc. This article developed an analytical formulation of shrink-fitted Functionally Graded Material axisymmetric thick-walled cylinder based on the linear plane elasticity theory. The stresses and displacement fields in the thick cylindrical shells are calculated using the laws of linear elasticity. The resulting displacements and stresses are analyzed, and particularly the residual contact pressure and her relationship with the interference values. The results show that the variation of the FGM material composition has a clear effect on the fit pressure in the intersection area of the two fitted cylinders. The value of this pressure affects the distribution of radial and tangential stresses in the FGM cylinder walls. Subsequently, we highlighted the influence of the interference value, on the residual contact pressure which increases with the increase of the interference value. The stresses are modeled for a case study using MATLAB software. keywords. shrink-fit, FGM, Interference, residual stress, Elasticity.

Exact solutions of burst pressure for thick-walled cylinders in power-law strain hardening steels

Exact solutions of burst pressure for defect-free, thick-walled cylindrical pressure vessels with capped ends are developed using the flow theory of plasticity in terms of the Tresca, von Mises, and Zhu-Leis yield criteria. The material is assumed to obey a power-law strain hardening rule, and the finite strain theory is adopted to describe large plastic deformation. On this basis, internal pressure is obtained as a complex polynomial function of effective strains on the inside and outside surfaces of the pressure vessel with the use of the Bernoulli numbers. At burst failure, the effective strains and stresses on the inside and outside surfaces are first determined, and then three flow solutions of burst pressure are obtained as a power series function of the diameter ratio (Do/Di), strain hardening exponent (n), and ultimate tensile stress (UTS). The power series solution is confirmed to agree well with the exact flow solution of burst pressure in a closed-form for each yield criterion, and the results show that the von Mises flow solution is an upper bound prediction, the Tresca flow solution is a lower bound prediction, and the Zhu-Leis flow solution is an intermediate prediction of burst pressure. Two sets of full-scale burst test data are then utilized to evaluate and validate the proposed flow solutions of burst pressure for both thin-walled pipes and thick-walled cylindrical pressure vessels.

An Investigation on Stress States of the Cataclastic Rock Specimen under Confined Compression Based on Modified Thick-walled Cylinder Model

In high in-situ stress zones, cataclastic rocks have exerted a significant influence on the stability of engineering structures. However, the mechanical properties of cataclastic rocks can not be accurately studied due to difficulties in sampling and laboratory testing. In this paper, laterally confined compression tests for specimens that were obtained by the developed in-situ sampling devices were performed to investigate the stress states. A modified thick-walled cylinder model considering axial shear stress was introduced. The interaction mechanics model for a compressed sample and an equivalent single-layer cylinder was established. Based on the principle of elasticity, the laterally confined stress, the axial shear stress, and the axial stress of the sample were derived and obtained. Moreover, the effects of mechanical and geometric parameters of the equivalent cylinder on the force condition of the specimen were analyzed. The results show that the confined stress is positively correlated with the equivalent elastic modulus and the geometric factor. Therefore, the confined stress can be strengthened by increasing the elastic modulus, alternatively, increasing the outer diameter and decreasing the inner diameter. However, the axial stress is little affected by the equivalent elastic modulus and the geometric factor and is not affected by the equivalent Poisson's ratio. As the distance from the center height increases, the axial stress decreases linearly and the difference in axial stress becomes larger considering axial shear stress and ignoring axial shear stress.

Experimental study on the tensile performance of a large-diameter UHPC grouted sleeve with thread

An ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC)-grouted sleeve with a large-diameter seamless steel pipe with threads and bolts was designed. To study the mechanical properties of this grouted sleeve, various factors, such as the grouts type, rebar, thread, and bolts, were considered to conduct a uniaxial tensile test on the grouted sleeve specimens. The bonding performance of the grouted sleeve under a combination of various factors was studied, and its working mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the failure modes of the test sleeve specimens included rebar fracture, rebar slip and grouts slip. The G1 (UHPC without basalt fibre) grouted sleeve showed the best bonding performance and bearing capacity. Bolts and inner wall threads of the sleeve improved the grouts–sleeve bond strength. However, the level of improvement was related to the bolt location, thread spacing and depth. The closer the bolt position was to the elastic section of the sleeve port, the more significant the bond performance improved. The thread could provide mechanical bite force. The greater the thread depth were, the greater the mechanical bite force; nevertheless, there was a threshold. Based on the thick-walled cylinder theory, the calculation model for stress on the sleeve surface was obtained; these calculations were used to analyse the stress–strain law on the sleeve surface.

Loading-unloading of spherical and cylindrical cavities in cohesive-frictional materials with arbitrary radially symmetric boundary conditions

Many scenarios in geotechnical engineering involve cavity unloading from a loaded state under different boundary conditions, especially for thick-walled cylinder tests in laboratory conditions. A novel analytical cavity expansion-contraction solution is proposed for modeling thick-walled cylinder tests during a complete loading-unloading process under arbitrary symmetric boundary conditions. The proposed solution has potential implication in investigating ambiguous boundary effects for problems involving cavity expansion-contraction. The mechanical model considers two concentric layers of materials around the cavity, where the inner layer is considered as cohesive-frictional and the circumambient infinite layer is assumed as elastic to simulate the arbitrary radially symmetric boundary condition, including two extreme scenarios with constant-pressure and zero-displacement boundaries. The derived solution provides the evolutions of cavity pressure and distributions of stresses and displacements in both layers during the loading-unloading process, which is then rigorously validated against finite element results. The effects of boundary conditions and size of the cohesive-frictional layer have been comprehensively investigated by analyzing the cavity pressure and the developments of plastic zones during expansion and contraction. The developed solution has been proved to be applicable in geotechnical engineering, with comparisons between analytical results and experimental data for pressuremeter tests in calibration chambers and pile installation tests in a rigid container. The proposed solution might also be helpful in the analysis of autofrettaged pressure vessels.

Theoretical and numerical research on the dynamic launch response of carbon fiber composite cartridges

Understanding the dynamic response of composite material cartridges during the firing process is of great significance for improving their reliability and safety. A theoretical model describing the dynamic response of composite material cartridges is established based on the thick-walled cylinder theory and rate-dependent constitutive model of composite materials. The correctness of the theoretical model is validated through finite element simulations of cartridge deformation. The influence of chamber pressure and cartridge wall thickness on the cartridge’s deformation process and stress distribution is analyzed. The results indicate that the primary deformation of composite material cartridges inside the chamber is elastic deformation. Compared to metal cartridges, composite material cartridges require higher pressure for touching-chamber and are more prone to developing gaps after unloading to ensure smooth extraction. During the deformation process, the touching-chamber behavior of the cartridge can improve the stress distribution. Under the same chamber pressure, the touching-chamber behavior can reduce the circumferential stress by approximately 30%. The inner wall surface of the cartridge is a critical area that requires attention. The touching-chamber behavior can be facilitated by appropriately reducing the cartridge wall thickness while ensuring overall strength. This study can provide guidance for the optimization design of composite material cartridges.

Analytical solutions for stresses and displacements of tunnels under static and seismic loading

Analytical solutions can quickly and simply evaluate stresses and displacements in tunnels and are widely adopted in the preliminary design phase of tunnels. Tunnels must be able to withstand static loading and seismic loading. This paper proposes new analytical solutions for the stresses and displacements of tunnels under static and seismic loading. The tunnel lining is treated as a thick-walled cylinder. Moreover, the contact stiffness coefficient k0 and the stress release coefficient η0 are introduced to consider the arbitrary contact conditions at the ground–lining interface and the amount of excavation unloading. The new analytical solutions are verified by comparison with finite element analysis results. The results demonstrate the accuracy and applicability of the proposed analytical solutions. In addition, parametric analyses are conducted to explore the effects of the stress release coefficient η0 and stiffness coefficient k0 at the ground–lining interface, as well as the incident angle α of shear waves. The analysis results indicate that the proposed analytical solutions offer satisfactory performance and can be applied as an effective tool for preliminary tunnel design.

The Deformation Behavior and Failure Modes of Surrounding Rock after Excavation: A Experimental Study

The deformation and failure of the surrounding rock during roadway excavation often determine the choice of supporting methods. To study the deformation behavior and failure modes of the surrounding rock after excavation under unloading stress, structural model tests were carried out with a novel experimental device. The present structural model test using partial hollow thick-walled cylinder cement mortar specimen φ200 mm × 280 mm with a horizontal central circular hole of 60 mm diameter and the hollow height of 160 mm was conducted to investigate the deformation, failure characteristics, and AE response of a whole testing process from excavation to postunloading state. Experimental results revealed that the amount of deformation behind the surface is significantly higher than that in front of the surface, and the radial strain increases with the increase of the distance from the surface within the range affected by unloading. Furthermore, the unloading rate has a little effect on the radial deformation of the surrounding rock in front of the surface, but has a substantial effect on the radial deformation behind the excavation surface. The peak value of the strain rate at the unloading rate of 2 MPa/s is much higher than that at the unloading rate of 0.1 MPa/s. According to AE results and the failure of opening the boundary, the increase of unloading rate triggers and exacerbates the damage of the specimen under high in situ stress conditions. The surrounding rock expanded to the inner hollow, accompanied by large dilation and volume changes, and it resulted in the shrinkage of the hole diameter. A large number of rock slices are generated at the opening curved free surface and then fell off, whose morphology is similar to the rock blocks that fell off after caving failure and rock burst in situ field. The results show that the system can accurately simulate the mechanical response and acoustic emission response of the excavated surrounding rock, which provides a new experimental method for further study of the unloading response of the surrounding rock.

An analytical model for anchor-mortar interface bonding based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Corrosion can lead to deterioration of the bonding properties at anchor-mortar interfaces, affecting the durability of the anchored structures. Therefore, it is essential to establish an accurate analytical model of the anchor-mortar interface bond to estimate the interface bond strength under corrosion. Steel corrosion occurs via electrochemical reactions, that is, anode and cathode formation in different potential zones on the steel surface, resulting in an electrical potential difference that facilitates constant cation migration and the generation of corrosion products with anions. In this study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, taking into account electrochemical theory, was carried out to analyse the kinetics of the electrode processes. Based on electrochemical parameters such as pore solution resistance and charge transfer resistance, a function relating electrochemical parameters to the material properties was established. The traditional theoretical model of a thick-walled cylinder was modified to obtain an analytical model of the bond strength of the anchor-mortar interface in pull-out damage mode under the effect of corrosion. The accuracy of the estimated values of the analytical model was verified via pull-out test results. The estimated values obtained from the analytical model were in good agreement with the test values, indicating that the model was able to describe the corrosion state at the anchor-mortar interface and estimate the interfacial bond without damaging the specimen.

Study of mechanical properties of cylinder under transient multi-physical field coupling conditions

The use of lightweight metal cylinders is of great significance to artillery weapon systems in terms of significant mass reduction, service life extension, power consumption reduction and operational effectiveness. Based on the load conditions provided by the classical internal ballistic theory, a high precision finite element model is solved by the explicit integration algorithm with central difference. The results show that the maximum stress of the thin-walled cylinder increases linearly with the increase of the initial clearance, while the maximum extraction force increases first and then decreases, while the influence of temperature on the extraction force cannot be ignored. Therefore, the design of the initial gap between the thin-walled cylinder and the thick-walled cylinder should be designed to ensure that the maximum stress of the thin-walled cylinder does not exceed the maximum permissible stress and to meet the minimum extraction force, while choosing the correct extraction timing can effectively reduce the extraction force.

Double Optical Fiber Temperature Compensation Method for Measurement of Interface Pressure Between Simulated Cable and Accessory at High Temperatures

Reliable interface pressure between cables and accessories is closely associated with the safe operation of a power cable system. Using an external optical fiber Bragg grating temperature-compensating curvature sensor, a new method for online measurement of the interface pressure between a cable and an accessory at high temperatures is proposed. On the basis of the sensing principle of a fiber Bragg grating, a mathematical pure bending model, and a model of a thick-walled cylinder, a fiber Bragg grating temperature-compensating curvature sensor is fabricated using Dow Corning Sylgard-184 silicone rubber. The interface pressures of 10 kV cable accessories with different expansion rates at different temperatures are measured. The results of the measurements show that the temperature-compensated deviation of wavelength measurements made by the fiber grating curvature sensor ranges from -2.59% to 5.50%. The interface pressure between the cable and the accessory gradually increases with an increase in temperature from 30 to 60 °C. The results are consistent with the results of measurements made using a traditional piezoelectric sensor. This method is expected to evaluate the long-term reliability of the interface pressure of cable accessories in actual complex-temperature environments.

Theoretical analysis of bond characteristics between steel bars and ultra-high-performance concrete

In order to investigate the bond and anchorage characteristics of steel bars embedded in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), Tepfers’ (1979) thick-walled cylinder theory and elastic mechanics theory were used to establish a theoretical calculation model of bond strength between deformed steel bars and UHPC under the conditions of splitting failure and pullout failure, respectively. The proposed calculation model was verified with a large number of test data from the literature and experiments conducted by the authors. Finally, the anchorage length of deformed steel bars in UHPC was calculated by the centre point method, the check point method and the design specification of normal concrete structure; recommended values of anchorage length are given based on anchorage reliability theory. The research results can provide design basis for design engineers, and are also a useful guideline for the popularisation and application of UHPC materials.

Effects of non-uniform needled microstructure on failure mechanisms of 3D needled composites thick-walled cylinder under axial compression and internal pressure

Effects of non-uniform needled microstructure on failure mechanisms of 3D needled composites thick-walled cylinder under axial compression and internal pressure

Service life prediction of reinforced concrete structures subjected to corrosion: a comparative study

PurposeReliable estimations of the extent of corrosion and time required to reach specific safety limits are crucial for assessing the reliability of aging reinforced concrete (RC) bridges. Engineers and decision-makers can use these figures to plan suitable inspection and maintenance operations.Design/methodology/approachAnalytical, empirical and numerical approaches for estimating the service life of corroded RC structures were presented and compared. The concrete cover cracking times, which were predicted by the previously proposed analytical models, were compared with the experimentally obtained cracking times to identify the model/s for RC bridges. The shortcomings and limitations of the existing models are discussed.FindingsThe empirical models typically depend on the rate of corrosion, diameter of steel reinforcement and concrete cover depth and based on basic mathematical formula. In contrast, the analytical and numerical models contain the strength and stiffness properties of concrete as well as type of corrosion products and incorporate more complex mechanical factors. Four existing analytical models were analyzed and their performance was evaluated against existing experimental data in literature. All the considered analytical models were assumed thick-walled cylinder models. The maximum difference between observed cracking time from different test data and calculated cracking time using the developed models is 36.5%. The cracking times extend with increase in concrete cover and decrease with corrosion current density. The development of service life prediction models that considers factors such as heterogeneity of concrete, non-uniform corrosion along rebar, rust production rate and a more accurate representation of the corrosion accommodating region are some of the areas for further research.Research limitations/implicationsOutcome of this paper partially bridge the gap between theory and practice, as it is the basis to estimate the serviceability of corrosion-affected RC structures and to propose maintenance and repair strategies for the structures. For structural design and evaluation, the crack-width criterion is the greatest practical importance, and structural engineers, operators and asset managers should pay close attention to it. Additionally, repair costs for corrosion-induced serviceability failures, particularly concrete cracking and spalling, are significantly higher than those for strength failures. Therefore, to optimize the maintenance cost of RC structures, it is essential to precisely forecast the serviceability of corrosion-affected concrete structures. The lifespan of RC structures may be extended by timely repairs. This helps stake holders to manage the resources.Practical implicationsIn order to improve modeling of corrosion-induced cracking, important areas for future research were identified. Heterogeneity properties of concrete, concept of porous zone (accommodation effect of pores should be quantified), actual corrosion morphology (non-uniform corrosion along the length of rebar), interaction between sustain load and corrosions were not considered in existing models. Therefore, this work suggested for further researches should consider them as input and develop models which have best prediction capacity.Social implicationsThis work has positive impact on society and will not affect the quality of life. Predicting service life of structures is necessary for maintenance and repair strategy plans. Optimizing maintenance strategy is used to extend asset life, reduce asset failures, minimize repair cost, and improve health and safety for society.Originality/valueThe degree of accuracy and applicability of the existing service life prediction models used for RC were assessed by comparing the predicted cracking times with the experimentally obtained times reported in the literature. The shortcomings of the models were identified and areas where further research is required are recommended.

Burst Pressure Solutions of Thin and Thick-Walled Cylindrical Vessels

Abstract Pressure vessels (PVs) are widely used in the energy industry. Accurate burst pressure is critical to structural design and safe operation for both thin and thick-walled PVs. The traditional strength theories utilized a single-parameter material property, such as the yield stress or the ultimate tensile stress (UTS) to develop failure models for determining the yield or ultimate pressure carrying capacity in the PV design. The UTS-based Barlow formula is a typical burst pressure model developed from the Tresca strength theory that provides the basis for developing regulation rules and failure models for different industry design codes, such as ASME BPVC, ASME B31.3, and ASME B31G, among others. In order to reduce the conservatism of the Tresca strength model, ASME BPVC recently adapted failure models developed from the von Mises strength theory for the PV design and analysis. It has been commonly accepted that the burst pressure of pipelines depends on the UTS and strain hardening exponent, n, of the pipeline steel. An average shear stress yield theory was thus developed, and the Zhu-Leis solution of burst pressure was obtained as a function of UTS and n for thin-walled line pipes. Experiments showed that the Zhu-Leis solution provides an accurate, reliable prediction of burst pressure for defect-free thin-walled pipes. In order to extend the Zhu–Leis solution to thick-walled cylindrical PVs, this paper defined three new flow stresses, modified the traditional strength theories, and obtained three new burst pressure solutions that are valid for both thin and thick-walled cylindrical vessels. The proposed flow stresses are able to describe the tensile strength and the plastic flow response of PVs for a strain hardening steel. The associated strength theories were then developed in terms of the Tresca, von Mises, and Zhu-Leis yield criteria. From these new strength theories, three burst pressure solutions were obtained for thick-walled cylinders, where the von Mises solution is an upper bound prediction, the Tresca solution is a lower bound prediction, and the Zhu-Leis solution is an intermediate prediction of burst pressure for thick-walled cylinders. Finally, the proposed burst pressure solutions were evaluated and validated by two large datasets of full-scale burst tests for thick-walled tubes and for thin-walled pipes.

Elastic wave propagation in thick-walled hollow cylinders for damage localization through inner surface sensing

Thick-walled hollow cylinders (TWHCs) are widely used in engineering structures and transportation systems, exemplified by train axles. The real-time and online health monitoring of such structures is crucial to ensure their structural integrity and operational safety. While elastic-wave-based structural health monitoring (SHM) shows promise, the development of feasible methods strongly relies on a good understanding and exploitation of the wave propagation properties and their interaction with structural defects. TWHCs usually bear multiple wave modes, which is a less investigated and explored topic as compared with thin-walled structures. This work examines this issue and proposes a dedicated damage localization strategy by using the selected waves captured on the inner surface of a TWHC. It is shown that, alongside the quasi-surface-waves on the outer surface, longitudinal waves converted from the thickness-through shear bulk waves are generated to propagate along the inner surface. Their propagation characteristics are exploited for damage localization based on hyperbolic loci methods through inner surface sensing. Numerical studies are conducted to validate the method and assess different transducer configurations, alongside experimental verifications on a benchmark TWHC containing a notch-type defect. Studies provide guidance on damage detection in TWHCs and sensor network design.