Benchmarking produced water treatment strategies for non-toxic effluents: Integrating thermal distillation with granular activated carbon and zeolite post-treatment

Thermal crosslinking and cyclodehydration assisted fabrication of chemically robust thin-film composite (TFC) membranes for ultrafast polar solvents filtration

Abstract The scarcity of freshwater is one of the biggest issues in the world, as a result of which more attention is given to the thermal distillation process for seawater and as well as brackish water distillation which removes almost all types of contaminants. Multiple effect distillation makes the process economical by recycling the latent heat of vaporization. In this paper a vertical tube evaporator is designed for a small scale thermal driven MED system comprising six effects and one condenser and a boiler that can produce 20–25 kg/hr of steam. VTE dimensions are calculated by estimating the outside diameter for different configurations. Heat transfer coefficient was estimated by using the developed correlations of the Bell method, Kandlikar and Kutateladze, compared with previous experiments and then used for calculating the heat transfer area for different distillate flow rates. An appropriate vertical tube evaporator is designed with the developed model to condense 25–30 kg/hr steam for producing 50–75 lt/hr freshwater. The result shows good agreement with previous work and reliability in design. The Developed model can also be used to design the vertical tube evaporator for different sizes (micro scale to large scale) MED plant.

This paper numerically investigates the impact of thermal distillation, as an ammonia purification process, on various components forming the absorption refrigerators using ammonia-water pair as a working fluid. A numerical simulation program built-in FORTRAN language describing the real process of the absorption refrigerators functioning was established. Various physical parameters were examined, namely the mass flow rate of the rich solution evacuated by the absorber, the mass title of the vapor emitted by the boiler, and the variation in the quantities of heat exchanged by each element of the refrigeration installation. The results show a significant improvement in the exergetic performances (about 27.79 %) of the frigorific unit equipped with a distiller when compared to the basic refrigeration machine (20.19 %). It is clearly demonstrated how much the thermal distillation process has been adapted to absorption refrigeration for the production of cold at temperatures below -10 °C. The novelty of this research could motivate engineers and manufacturers to develop and construct modern absorption refrigerators equipped with a thermal distiller mechanism.

Energy saving in distillation by combining vortex contact device and thermal effects

Setting up of a cost-effective continuous desalination plant based on coupling solar and geothermal energy

Evaluation and minimisation of energy consumption in a medium-scale reverse osmosis brackish water desalination plant

Highly effective organic draw solutions for renewable power generation by closed-loop pressure retarded osmosis

Irreversibility analysis of the absorption heat transformer coupled to a single effect evaporation process

Predicting the influence of operating conditions on DCMD flux and thermal efficiency for incompressible and compressible membrane systems

Advanced MED process for most economical sea water desalination

Evaluation of solar powered desalination processes