Mitigating CMAS attack during thermal cycling via triple-scale micro/nano structured thermal barrier coatings

Impact of graphene addition on intermetallic compounds (IMC) and mechanical properties of Sn–Bi solder alloys under thermal cycling

Thermal runaway modeling and heat source quantification of Mn-based lithium-ion batteries via coupled kinetic and thermal analysis

• Crystal growth d-spacing 0.23552 nm by SAED-TEM. • Particle size around 26.67 nm was synchronization by TEM. • Calucalted crystallinity 57.96 % of synthesized AgNPs. • The percentage of purity of the AgNPs is 93 % by EDS. • AgNPs calibarted activation energy at 15.02 kJ/mole. Highly crystalline (57.96 %) and thermally stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are incorporated through a unique, simple route involving precursor breakdown, which is facilitated by the chelating agent trisodium citrate dihydrate, a key novelty of this research. XRD confirms the prominent 83 % crystalline phase with a cubic FCC unit cell [lattice parameter, a=b=c= 4.0902 Å; α= β=γ= 90 °]. The predominant crystal planes (111), (200), (220), (311), (222), where the lattice volume of 68.427 ų and crystal strain of 0.34 % were identified. The crystal structural symmetry observed in the (111) plane exhibits the preferred orientation revealed in the VESTA software. The average crystallite size is 31.56 nm, and UV-visible spectroscopy shows the absorption peak of AgNPs going towards the short wavelength of 423.0 nm for the nano size, which TEM reveals in average size in nanometers, 26.67. Thermal analysis study (TGA and DSC) results showed that the materials are thermally stable up to 130 °C, a glass transition at 195 °C, the melting temperature of the cubic AgNPs is at 960 °C, and a melting enthalpy of 29.56 kJ/g was calculated for their outstanding thermal stability and high crystallinity. The synthesized AgNPs calibrated activation energy calculated in TGA-DSC at 15.02 kJ/mole that signify the performance of NPs. Among the four media, ethanol media showed excellent stability, offering the highest zeta potential, 103.50 to -58.25 mV. TEM conforms to the particle size 18.17 nm, and the phase predominant revealed that (111), (200), (220) planes are uniformly in crystal growth at (111) [0.23552 nm] by SAED. EDS confirmed the purity of AgNPs at 93 %.

Thermal and fluid flow analysis of bifluid PVT collector using Pyomo-based modeling and experimentation

Transient power unit efficiency prediction of a small data center through thermal and energetic analyses

Advanced thermal and mass transport analysis of the PEMFC with conjugate flow field designs: Different flow configurations

Modeling and thermal characteristic analysis of feed system considering multi-physical field coupling

Grease thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis of planetary roller screw mechanism with machined roughness and eccentric error

Optical and thermal performance analysis of multilayer dielectric grating as a spectral beam combiner

Fabrication of bioprints self-coated with thermally sensitive lactobacilli for CAUTI applications.

A high-accuracy spatiotemporal numerical manifold method with thermal DOF inheritance and its application in rock thermal fracturing analysis

To assess the vertical discrepancy at the abutment-crown interface (ACI) for cement-retained crowns fabricated from three commonly used restorative materials across implants featuring external and internal connections. A total of 30 implants with external (EC) and internal (IC) connections were included in this study. Each implant received a prefabricated titanium abutment, which was randomly attached using the torque recommended by the respective manufacturers. Three types of restorative materials-metal-ceramic (MC), monolithic zirconia (MZ), and veneered zirconia (VZ)-were used to fabricate the crowns for each connection type and cemented to their respective abutments. Following 6000 cycles of thermal cycling between 5°C and 55°C, the vertical marginal misfit was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test and paired t-test. The lowest marginal misfit was recorded for VZ restorations. Although the IC group showed lower mean misfit values compared to the EC group, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.980). Significant differences were found in the IC group between MZ and VZ (p = 0.016) and between MC and VZ (p = 0.035). Mean misfit values (µm) for each material were as follows: VZ = 18.7 (SD = 4.5), MZ = 42.2 (SD = 8.1), and MC = 39.9 (SD = 7.4). Cement-retained veneered zirconia restorations demonstrated less vertical ACI misfit compared to metal-ceramic and monolithic zirconia restorations. The connection configuration did not influence the marginal misfit. All measured misfit values were below 50 µm.

Enhancement of resistance to cracking under thermal cycling of EDM-treated H13 steel by shot peening with optimized intensity

Spore-forming bacteria, especially Clostridium spp. and Bacillus spp., are ubiquitous in food systems, and their ingestion can cause serious diseases in humans and animals. Their persistence in diverse food matrices and resistance to conventional treatments make rapid and accurate detection essential for effective monitoring and control. Traditional culture-based and biochemical assays remain the standard for identifying these bacteria but are often time-consuming, labor-intensive and limited in sensitivity. In contrast, nucleic acid-based methods provide rapid, specific and sensitive alternatives by directly targeting genetic markers of pathogenic or spoilage strains. This review summarizes how nucleic acid methods, including PCR, FISH, LAMP, RPA, WGS, and the emerging CRISPR/Cas systems, have been applied specifically to detect Clostridium spp. and Bacillus spp. in food systems. Each method offers unique advantages and limitations. PCR-based methods enable accurate quantification but require thermal cycling. FISH-based methods are simple but require microscopy and have limited validation in food. WGS-based methods provide strain-level characterization but depend on informatics and specialized equipment. Isothermal techniques such as LAMP- and RPA-based methods allow rapid field detection but involve complex primer design or poor discrimination of closely related genes. CRISPR/Cas-based platforms further enhance simplicity, specificity, sensitivity for on-site detection, though the validation for spore-forming bacteria remains limited. Overall, this review provides an overview of gene targets, methodological adaptations, and analytical performance of nucleic acid-based assays for detecting Clostridium spp. and Bacillus spp., highlighting current progress and future opportunities for improving food safety monitoring.

A three-dimensional thermal analysis model for a highly integrated direct-drive motor

Thermal analysis of a composite wall with reflective materials, phase change materials and autoclaved aerated concrete

Maize starch and β-cyclodextrin nanocarriers for encapsulation of Centella asiatica polyphenols: synthesis, physicochemical properties, and pH-responsive delivery.

Thermal analysis of a solar-assisted pyrolysis drop tube reactor with radiation heat transfer

Mesalamine premix-based delayed release formulation and its efficacy assessment using a 3D in-vitro gut model for inflammatory bowel disease.