Governance Research Articles

Research on the high-quality development of digital villages from the perspective of good governance theory

Research on the high-quality development of digital villages from the perspective of good governance theory

Characteristic Industries Promote Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of Polycentric Governance Theory—Taking the Industrial Development of Sanhua Plum in Xinyi City as an Example

Characteristic Industries Promote Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of Polycentric Governance Theory—Taking the Industrial Development of Sanhua Plum in Xinyi City as an Example

The theory of governance at Qudama bin Jaafar d. 337 AH / 948 AD In his book Al-Kharj and the writing industry

The Muslims cared more than they cared for writing about the policy of managing the state and the system of governance required and the nature of the ruler and his moral qualities, and also how his assistants are from ministers and advisers and other employees, as well as the way the ruler reaches the seat of power. Many scholars of the Islamic nation at that time wrote about this, among them Qudamah bin Ja’far al-Baghdadi, who died in 337 AH / 948 AD, who devoted six chapters to talk about this topic in his book (The Tax and the Art of Writing) in the eighth (last) position, speaking in importance to the need of people to establish governance and what are the specifications of kings (rulers) and their responsibilities and how their relations with the people are. The research was divided into three topics: the first dealt with a brief biography of Qudamah bin Ja’far and his author (The Tax and the Art of Writing), and the second the human need for a system of governance, and the third in the morals of kings and the qualities of their employees from ministers and others from the royal court staff.

Implementation of Public Service Innovation in Dynamic Governance of Dukcapil Pekanbaru City

Institutional or governmental innovation is a benchmark in carrying out a dynamic governance perspective. It is intended that the government is able to implement these policies with dynamic changing conditions. This research intends to add an explanation of how the concept of dynamic governance is applied in public service innovation in local government organizations. One interesting case to be elaborated in this research is public service innovation in one of the Pekanbaru City regional apparatus organizations, namely the Population and Civil Registration Office, which applies many dynamic governance principles. The purpose of this study is to determine the success and failure of the application of public service innovation in the perspective of dynamic governance in Pekanbaru City, which conducts a study at the Population and Civil Registration Office. This research uses the theory of Service Innovation according to Rogers and the theory of dynamic governance according to Boon and Geraldine This research uses qualitative research methods with case study methods. Researchers use case studies with intrinsic types. This type is research conducted on the basis of interest in a particular case. In this case, researchers see how the form of application of public service innovation in the perspective of dynamic governance in Pekanbaru City. The results obtained from this study are the successes and failures found in each instrument of service innovation in the perspective of dynamic governance.

Pemanfaatan Hak Eksplorasi Ruang Angkasa Menurut Outer Space Treaty 1967 oleh Program Ruang Angkasa Uni Emirat Arab

United Arab Emirates (UAE) is actively using its space exploration rights. In achieving national space goals, congested geostationary orbit (GSO) and first come, first served practice are issues that threaten the UAE as a newcomer in space. UAE must utilize its space rights per the international regime, including when dealing with congested GSO issues. This study aims to determine the compliance of UAE's space exploration rights utilization in dealing with congested GSO issues according to the international regime. This study uses international regime theory by Krasner and astropolitics by Everett Dolman through a case study qualitative method. The results indicate that from an astropolitic theory, the UAE has utilized its rights by the prevailing regime. UAE mainly uses the rights from OST 1967 because they're more general and applicable. Provisions in other space regimes, agreements, and conventions still need to be applied to the UAE, which makes these rights only slightly relevant to the UAE's efforts to deal with the GSO issue. However, the UAE may benefit from these rights in the future as the issue becomes more complex. UAE has been addressing the issue of congested GSO by conducting space activities in accordance with international regimes.

The impact of CEO education on the investment attractiveness of companies

Subject. The article considers the influence of CEO education on investment attractiveness of companies. Objectives. We focus on assessing the impact of CEO's level of education on company’s investment appeal. Methods. The empirical evidence contains observations on the 103 largest companies by capitalization from three macro regions: Russia, the USA, and Europe, for 2021. To test the stated hypotheses, we employ linear regression and neural network. The latter enables to build more complex (and hidden) dependencies due to multi-stage transformation of variables, and get a better predictive ability of the theoretical model on a test set than a classical linear regression. The outliers in the sample are replaced with typical values, using the k nearest neighbors method. To select the most significant independent variables in the dataset, we use a random forest algorithm that shows which variables should be included in the model. Results. The study confirmed that if Russian CEOs have an MBA degree, technical education and a degree from a prestigious American university, or technical education from European universities, this makes companies more attractive to investors. The findings serve not only as a theoretical basis for development of the agency theory of corporate finance and corporate governance, but also can be applied in practice by company shareholders to select CEOs. Conclusions. The analysis, involving the economic and mathematical methods and machine learning, demonstrated the dependence of the characteristics of CEO education on investment attractiveness of the world's largest corporations. Accordingly, shareholders need to pay special attention to the education of CEO candidates.

Conceptualization of Flooding Disaster: A Theoretical Perspective of Management

Globally, flooding is a common natural disaster affecting individuals and communities by causing substantial loss of individual properties, public infrastructure, physical environment and even threaten human lives. It is often triggered by the factors like heavy rainfall, storms, hurricanes, flash floods which brings devastating consequences for the affected peoples worldwide including displacement of people, loss of life, health issues and financial losses. During 1995-2015, it affected nearly 2.3 billion people and was responsible for 157,000 deaths globally. Therefore, it requires a strong disaster response framework to mitigating its short and long-term impacts. This response framework should be based on risk assessment, response strategies and building disaster resilience to reduce the people’s overall vulnerability to flooding disasters. The current study aims to conceptualize the flooding disaster through the social vulnerability theory, risk society theory and adaptive governance theory so that policymakers and governments can develop a deeper understanding of the complex factors that contribute to flooding disasters and prepare effective strategies to tackle the disaster effectively. This may include implementing effective preparedness and response measures such as early warning systems, emergency evacuation plans and adequate infrastructure which can help mitigate the risks and subsequent impacts of flooding on individuals and communities.

The analysis of collaboration in educational quality assurance policy: A case study of Walailak University

Collaboration is a contemporary management concept that is considered essential for achieving development policy outcomes. However, research on collaboration and quality assurance policies in higher education in Thailand has been challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate how collaboration contributes to the successful implementation of the educational quality assurance policy at Walailak University.To address this research question, a mixed-method approach was used which combined qualitative and quantitative research methods. This approach was chosen to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the subject and was based on the collaborative governance theory and resource-based framework. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 key informants who are important actors in the quality assurance process at the university. These interviews were supplemented by a questionnaire survey of 400 respondents from various stakeholders at the university.
 The findings of this study showed that facilitative leadership, incentive to collaborate, repetition of effort to collaborate and resource-knowledge sharing are among the key determinants contributing to collaboration processes in educational quality assurance. The results also indicated that these factors are interrelated and can contribute to the successful implementation of the university's quality assurance policy. Based on these findings, models of collaboration in enhancing quality assurance outcomes were demonstrated that resource-knowledge sharing, negotiation, trust-building, commitment to the process and shared-understanding have statistically significant positive impact on educational quality assurance outcomes including producing graduate outcomes, research outcomes, academic services outcomes and preserving arts and cultures. The practical benefits were proposed and discussed.

DETERMINATION OF THE TEMPERATURE CONDUCTIVITY COEFFICIENT a GRAPHICAL METHOD BASED ON NOMOGRAM FOR A SEMI-CONFINED ROD

The article presents a technique and formula for calculating the thermal diffusivity of solids using nomograms of temperature changes. The paper describes a technique by which the final formulas are simplified to algebraic equations using the relative temperature θM of heating a semi-restricted rod from the end.Known equations for solving direct problems of heat conduction using regular modes of the 1-st, 2-nd and 3-rd kind, in which the final formulas are simplified.The article provides methods and formulas for calculating the coefficient of thermal conductivity using nomograms.The method uses the maximum of the first derivative of θM and tabular values of the function erf (1/(2 x Fo )), which is a solution to the direct problem of thermal conductivity. The temperature at a specific point of the rod is measured – x1 and time –τ1 with start of heatingent of thermal conductivity of solid bodies using nomograms of temperature changes.The work describes a method by which the final formulas are simplified to algebraic equations using the relative temperature θM of heating a semirestricted rod from the end. Known equations for solving direct heat conduction problems using regular regimes of the 1-st, 2-nd and 3-rd kind, in which the final formulas are simplified. In work Kondratiev H.M. notes: "The theory of the regular thermal regime is one of the sections of the study of heat transfer insolids. The theory of the regular mode considers the process of cooling or heating not throughout, but only at the stage that has ceased to be affected by the initial state of the body.In work of Lykov O.V. «Theory of thermal conductivity» the solution of the problem is done by three methods: classical, operational and the method of Fourier transformation. Not all methods of pulsed heating are related to these types of regular mode, but it can be used due to the simple form of the exponent. In this work, the proposed method does not belong to regular mode methods. It is done by solving the inverse problem with the help of a well-developed graphic nomogram.According to the accepted classification, the problem is solved under boundary conditions of the 1-st kind, in which the surface temperature is specified as a function of time. Considered a simpler case when surface of the bodyremains constant throughout the heat exchange process.This is achieved with the help of special devices that maintain a constant temperature of a semi-restricted rod with thermal insulation of the side surface.

Come Together, But How? Zooming Into Economic Development Collaboration Between State and Local Governments, and Nongovernmental Organizations

Economic development at the local level presents an intrinsic tension produced by competitive and cooperative dynamics. While empirical studies have identified drivers for collaboration at the local level, less is known about the scope of activities promoted by state-level agencies and the institutional mechanisms that state and local actors create to cooperate. This study exploits a unique data set created by the State of Iowa reporting the economic development agreements from 2007 to 2018. The findings illustrate how workforce development activities are the most prevalent activity while fiscal incentives are the least recurrent practice. In terms of institutional mechanisms, service contracts are used most frequently. Additionally, a state agency and nonprofit organization dyad is the most common collaboration, which highlights the role of state governments in shaping local economic development strategies. This exploration of mechanisms, activities, motivations, and duration contributes by improving theories of formal collaboration and intersectoral governance.

Research on Innovative Paths of Grassroots Social Governance in China Based on Collaborative Governance Theory: A Case Study of N City in China

Research on Innovative Paths of Grassroots Social Governance in China Based on Collaborative Governance Theory: A Case Study of N City in China

Beyond the Unitary State: Multi-Level Governance, Politics, and Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Animal Welfare.

It is argued that extant cross-cultural research on animal welfare often overlooks or gives insufficient attention to new governance theory, civil society, politics, and the realities of devolved or (quasi-)federal, multi-level governance in the modern state. This paper synthesizes relevant social theory and draws on new empirical findings of civil society accounts of campaigning on animal welfare policies and law in the United Kingdom. It is presented as a corrective to arguably reductive, earlier unitary state-based analyses. Our core, evidence-based argument is that cognizance of civil society activism and the contrasting institutional governance structures and political cultures of constituent nations in unitary states-such as the UK-are providing opportunities for the territorialization of legally grounded animal welfare regimes, and culturally distinctive practices.

Managerial Discretion and Corporate Governance Mechanism: A Case Study of Public Limited Firms of Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of board independence, CEO duality (managerial discretion) and corporate governance mechanism on firm performance measured through accounting-base measures i.e. return on assets as well as market-based measure i.e. Tobin’s Q among Pakistan's KSE-listed non-financial firms from 2011 to 2021. The study used software (STATA 12) to analyze the data of 172 firms using the Generalized Method of Movements as well as Random Effect and Fixed Effect regression models to test how each corporate governance and managerial discretion variables contributes to the firm performance. Data was extracted from the annual reports, database, and websites of KSE-listed firms. The presence of board independence contributes positively to firm performance. The study highlights that although CEO duality has no impact on firm performance, but presence of board independence controls the managerial discretion provided by CEO duality and offer the necessary resources as well as monitoring the control the managerial discretion and improve firm performance. This article makes a significant theoretical contribution by synthesizing and extending key governance theories to offer a nuanced understanding of the intricate dynamics within corporate governance (CG), particularly in the specific context of KSE-registered non-financial firms in Pakistan. This research contributes actionable insights that span governance improvement, informed decision-making, regulatory considerations, and strategic performance enhancement, offering practical benefits for the diverse stakeholders in the corporate governance landscape.

Exploring the Influence of Corporate and Shariah Governance on the Profitability of Banks and their Islamic Windows: A Comprehensive Study of Pakistan

The main purpose of our study is to take a look at how it impacts corporate governance and shariah governance on the profitability of conventional banks of Pakistan and their Islamic windows, one more objective of this study is to investigate whether there is any significant difference in the profitability of conventional banks after opening of Islamic windows. Our research study's theoretical basis draws from corporate governance theories, agency theory, resource dependence theory, and Islamic finance principles. By examining the relationships between these independent variables and the dependent variables (ROA and ROE) our study aims to provide insights into the factors influencing the financial performance of Shariah-compliant banks. Our study is based on 10 conventional banks which also provide Islamic windows. For our analysis in the current study, we will use annual data that covers the period from 2013 to 2022. To achieve these objectives we are using a linear regression model and paired sample t-test. Our findings conclude that bank age and board size have a significant positive impact on corporate governance in contrast, board diversity has a significant but negative impact on the ROA of conventional banks on the other hand bank size and board independence do not have any impact on ROA and if we talk about ROE board size and board independence had a helpful important impact on ROE while bank size bank age and board diversity doesn't have any significant impact on ROE of conventional banks of Pakistan. In the case of Shariah governance, only the Shariah board has a significant positive effect on ROA and ROE ratio on the other hand remuneration and charities don’t have any effect on the Islamic windows of conventional banks. We further discover no substantial variation in the ROA & ROE of Pakistani conventional banks following the establishment of Islamic windows. The findings of this study suggest that the government of Pakistan should focus on promoting good corporate governance practices in banks, especially regarding board size, bank age, board diversity, and shariah board because these factors increase the profitability of conventional banks.

KPU’s Strategy in Overcoming Double Data Issues in the Registration of 2024 Electoral Participants in Mojokerto City

This article highlights the strategies employed by the General Election Commission (KPU) to address the issue of double data that emerged during the registration process of the 2024 General Election participants in Mojokerto City. This issue stems from the ineffectiveness of the Political Party Information System (SIPOL), evidenced by thousands of double data on party membership. Double data issues can pose a severe threat to the integrity of democratic elections. Hence, this research focuses on the KPU's efforts or strategies to maintain the accuracy and reliability of data. The formulation of these strategies prioritizes the implementation of the Electoral Governance Theory, with the primary focus on analyzing and finding solutions to existing issues. This research applied a qualitative approach with a case study model. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of this research indicate that based on Decree No. 260 of 2022, KPU has conducted Administrative Verification to identify potential cases of dual memberships and ineligible memberships. This process involves four main stages, including registration, administrative verification, factual verification, and determination. This research also aims to discover the issues faced by the General Election Commission (KPU) of Mojokerto City during the verification process.

Exploring leisure and municipal government public relations for community: A case example of parks and recreation

The concept of community expresses a variety of responsibilities that public relations has in building connections, good will, and wellbeing amongst collectives of people. Community also parallels many U.S. expectations of government; however, public relations has few studies that investigate the collaboration between government and citizens or how different government services (e.g., public works, public health, building enforcement, etc.) influence community building. Specifically, parks and recreation has been overlooked in the public relations literature as citizens and government collectively support these lifelines of community wellbeing and social connectedness. Through qualitative analysis of focus groups with city residents and interviews with city parks and recreation personnel, I present thematic findings that explicate how citizens and city staff engage in community building and the specific role that leisure plays in community building processes. Lastly, I offer implications for public relations theory that argue to shift local community and governance theory to be citizen-centered and use the concept of family to explicate the function of community in small municipal contexts.

Corporate governance transfers: the case of mergers and acquisitions

We study changes in corporate governance around mergers and acquisitions by comparing the ex-post corporate governance of the combined firm with the ex-ante weighted average governance of the bidder and target. We find that when the quality of the bidder governance is better than the target before the acquisition, the ex-post corporate governance quality of the combined firm is better than the ex-ante weighted average of each firm. We document post-acquisition improvement in the combined firm’s board independence, audit committee independence, stock compensation, and minority shareholders protection, proposing that these firm-level attributes serve as potential channels to explain better corporate governance quality of the combined firm. The operating performance of the combined firm also improves when the bidder’s pre-deal governance quality is better than the target. Our results support the portability theory of corporate governance, suggesting that poorly governed targets are better off if acquired by better-governed bidders.

Legitimate network governance in small-scale fisheries in northern Chile

ABSTRACT By introducing Territorial Use Rights for Fisheries (TURF), the Chilean government has devolved authority over the appropriation of benthic fisheries to local fishers’ organisations. Yet there is little evidence of how this local governance works for membership organisations. Drawing on the theory of lateral network governance, the role of legitimacy in governance outcomes is examined by conducting a comparative case study of two TURF networks in northern Chile. Counterintuitively, more effective governance outcomes were found in the TURF network characterised by a less favourable legitimacy structure of decision-making than the case with a better legitimacy structure. Considering context and network evolution, it is suggested that although organisational renewal and high membership turnover potentially fragment legitimacy, they also enable novel collective action and better governance outcomes. The observed divergence of actual legitimacy from formal governance structure underscores the need for dynamic analysis of collective resource governance beyond the formal chart.

SUSTAINABLE BORDER MANAGEMENT AGAINST WILDLIFE TRAFFICKING: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA AND ITS IMMEDIATE NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES

The study examined the impact of Customs border management operations through trade facilitations and technology deployment on the fight against wildlife trafficking. The background of this study was premised on the fact that trade openness affect illicit wildlife trafficking which leads to biodiversity loss. The border governance theory and technology determinism theory provided theoretical backdrop underpinning this study. The study found that trade facilitation and technology deployment by Customs has significantly reduced illicit wildlife trafficking. The study employed Pooled OLS using the linear gravity model. Data were sourced from UNODC. World Bank, CITES database between 2017 and 2022 for selected West African Countries such as Nigeria, Niger, Benin Republic, Chad, and Cameroon. The statistical evidence from pooled OLS is consistent with Custom seizures. Hence, the study concludes that Customs operations in achieving sustainable border management through technology deployment and trade facilitation has statistically reduced illicit wildlife trafficking. Therefore, sustainable border management should be enabled to advanced deployment and installation of technology e.g., satellite and drones as well as robust trade facilitation targeting. The study recommends that there should be a sustainable financing matrix to improve the use of technology deliverables against illicit wildlife trafficking. Government should also democratize border management to attract investors with sincere technology to fight crime and criminality around the borders points of entry.

Strategi Pemerintah Kota Surabaya Dalam Upaya Percepatan Penurunan Stunting

Stunting is a failure of growth and development that disrupts the growth of toddlers due to continuous inadequate nutrition. Malnutrition during the growth period of children at an early age will hamper physical development, increase morbidity, and hinder children's mental development until death occurs. Whereas in toddlers it causes intellectual abilities and productivity to decrease. Currently, the stunting rate in Surabaya City is in the lowest position compared to other cities/districts throughout Indonesia. This study used a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. This research focuses on knowing what strategies are used so that the success of the stunting reduction acceleration program in the Surabaya City Government occurs. Researchers conducted data analysis using the collaborative governance theory put forward by Ansell and Gash (2007) which focuses on collaborative processes. The data collection technique used secondary data obtained from news articles online and relevant journal articles. The data analysis technique involved data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the collaborative process in handling stunting is going quite well and effectively. This is proven by the decreasing in the number of stunting in the city of Surabaya, which decreases every year. Reducing stunting requires support from stakeholders, the organizations involved, and the people of Surabaya City. With this, it is hoped that the Surabaya City Government will be further motivated and continue to implement the program sustainably until there are no new cases of stunting.