Negative emotion differentiation-the capacity to make fine-grained distinctions between discrete negative emotions-plays a foundational role in adaptive emotion regulation, psychological well-being, and effective goal pursuit. Despite its theoretical and practical significance, research on this emotional competency within entrepreneurship remains nascent. Integrating an experience sampling methodology with a 2-year time-lagged design, this study investigated the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurs' negative emotion differentiation. Results demonstrated that stressor variability-rather than mean levels of stressors-undermines negative emotion differentiation, which in turn positively predicts both work engagement and entrepreneurial orientation. These findings advance theoretical understanding of entrepreneurial emotions, stressor dynamics, and their downstream implications for well-being and performance outcomes.

The priming Effect and its impact on sport performance and difficulty judgment: Evidence from Olympic Bouldering.

In the rapidly evolving landscape of medicine, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has emerged as a clinically recognized treatment involving the inhalation of pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber. Despite its proven applications, further research is needed to understand and simulate the physical processes governing HBOT. This paper presents a novel modeling technique and an automated pressurized chamber specifically designed for laboratory studies to better analyze oxygenated air circulation in hyperbaric environments. The proposed model integrates hydraulic principles and geometric constraints to replicate real-world HBOT dynamics. It incorporates dimensionless equations, including Reynolds, Froude, and Archimedes principles, to account for fluid motion, energy dissipation, and pressure field behavior. Geometric conditions involve initial and boundary parameters such as velocity, temperature, pressure, concentration, and mass density. For realistic simulation, both physical and geometric similarity conditions must be satisfied. To enhance the generalizability of results, the Ruark transformation is employed to introduce dimensionless coordinates, allowing findings to extend to related scenarios.The proposed laboratory model demonstrates the ability to accurately simulate complex oxygenation and flow dynamics in pressurized environments. The automated chamber ensures precise control and experimental reproducibility. The model effectively reproduces velocity fields and pressure distributions across varied geometric and dynamic configurations.By combining hydraulic theory with geometric modeling, this study provides a robust framework for exploring HBOT mechanisms in a controlled setting. The approach not only advances theoretical understanding but also lays the groundwork for future experimental and clinical investigations in hyperbaric therapy and similar therapeutic environments.

Do people feel that their personal values are better than others, even though they are happier if their values are similar to those around them? We examined the Better Than Average (BTA) effect in values in four cultures (Study 1: USA, China and Malaysia; Study 2: USA, using diverse online panel samples) and relative to either a more abstract (university) or a more concrete (department) reference group (Study 3, conducted with students in Israel). Across all samples and cultures, we found that people perceived their personally desired values as more important to the self than to others, and they perceived their less personally desired values as more important to others than to the self. Self-other comparisons favouring the self were even stronger for values that are normatively desired in society, and self-other comparisons favouring others were even stronger for values that are less normatively desired in society. We also found a relatively greater BTA effect towards a more abstract group and its positive consequences to self-esteem. This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of value perception as prone to biases, generalizability and robustness of the BTA effect, and cross-cultural psychology. We discuss important societal implications of this effect.

The acetyl peroxyl radical (CH3C(O)O2) is a key intermediate in the atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In clean regions (low NOx), reactions with the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2) dominate the fate of the CH3C(O)O2 radical. However, the detailed atmospheric reaction mechanisms and kinetics of the CH3C(O)O2 and HO2 radicals are still not fully understood. Therefore, in this study, the reaction mechanism and kinetics were investigated using quantum chemical calculations and chemical kinetics methods, and the ecotoxicity of the reaction precursors and products was evaluated using structure-activity relationships. In the atmosphere, the CH3C(O)O2 radical primarily exists as cis-CH3C(O)O2 and trans-CH3C(O)O2 isomers, both of which contribute to reactions with the HO2 radical. The reaction of the CH3C(O)O2 radical with the HO2 radical follows two distinct mechanisms: (i) a hydrogen-transfer mechanism on the triplet state potential energy surface (PES) and (ii) an addition-decomposition mechanism on the singlet state PES. The predicted apparent rate constant is 9.44 × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 290 K and 1 atm, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. Kinetic analyses indicate that the dominant reaction pathways and product distributions vary significantly with temperature. In forested regions, where the HO2 radical concentrations are typically high, the combination of elevated HO2 radical and lower winter temperatures promotes the conversion of the CH3C(O)O2 radical into CH3COOH and O3. This process impacts both the acidity and the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. However, during summer, higher temperatures extend the atmospheric lifetime of the CH3C(O)O2 radical, favoring the reaction with the HO2 radical to form the OH radical. This may help explain the observed higher concentrations of the CH3C(O)O2 radical and the OH radical in tropical rainforests. Ecotoxicity results indicate that some of the precursors of the acetyl peroxyl radical are potentially ecotoxic. However, after conversion to the CH3C(O)O2 radical and subsequent reaction with the HO2 radical, they degrade into environmentally friendly compounds. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the atmospheric behavior and ecological impact of the CH3C(O)O2 radical, offering a basis for predicting its reactions under diverse atmospheric conditions and supporting atmospheric modeling and environmental management.

Purpose: Accounting education at the high school level is still dominated by a theoretical approach, resulting in relatively low levels of practical understanding and student interest in accounting. This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve students’ understanding, digital literacy, and interest in accounting by using the Accurate application as a technology-based learning tool. Method: The event was held at Kristoforus 2 High School on April 17, 2026, and involved 21 11th-grade students. The method used was a workshop with an educational-participatory approach, featuring an introduction to accounting, a demonstration of the Accurate application, guided practice, discussions, and an evaluation using a questionnaire. Results and Discussion: Before the intervention, most students had never used accounting software and only had a theoretical understanding of accounting concepts. The evaluation results showed that all participants found the activity beneficial, with 19 students giving a score of 5 and 10 students giving a score of 4 for the increase in knowledge gained. Implications: This program helps improve students' accounting and digital literacy and supports more interactive and context-based accounting education.

ABSTRACT This article explores how public value is created in the complex and contested field of refugee integration, identifing three key arenas – service delivery, social and community activities, and advocacy – whereby NPOs create value in the multiple domains of refugee integration. We develop a conceptual model illustrating mechanisms of public value creation from the perspective of NPOs (full co-creation, societal creation of value between volunteers and service users only, and contestation), highlighting the roles of local and refugee volunteers. We contribute to public management scholarship by advancing theoretical understanding of how value is created in politicized policy fields and by whom.

The challenges Chinese private college students face in applying their beliefs about ethical behaviour in their academic work.

ABSTRACT A growing body of interdisciplinary studies on religious involvement largely acknowledges religion as an important psychosocial and protective factor for the health of many older African Americans. However, the mechanisms and pathways by which church-based social support, a distinct dimension of religiosity, influences health are less understood. This narrative review (1) synthesizes the extant literature examining associations between church-based social support and health outcomes among older African American adults and (2) reviews three theoretical frameworks (i.e. the convoy model of social relations, the family solidarity model, and the theory of religious coping) that can guide future research in this area. The reviewed findings provide evidence for the salubrious effects of church-based social support on a greater number of mental health outcomes than physical health outcomes. The impact of church-based social support varies as a function of differing conceptual measurements and assessed health outcomes. We conclude by underscoring the need for continued research that addresses existing conceptual gaps and advances theoretical understanding of mechanistic pathways linking church-based social support to health.

ABSTRACT This study investigates how structural inputs and contextual barriers influence learning engagement, skill gain, and employment outcomes among rural women participating in e-learning tourism vocational training. Drawing on the survey data from 390 women in the Mekong Delta Vietnam, the research develops and empirically tests a structural model linking digital access, content quality, and trainer support to learning engagement and decent work outcomes. Using the logic model framework, the study identifies both direct and moderating effects of support policies and socio-cultural barriers. Findings underscore that input factors play a critical role in enhancing rural women’s learning engagement and post-training employment. Moreover, policy and cultural contexts significantly moderate these relationships, shaping women’s digital inclusion and work readiness. The study advances theoretical understanding of digital capacity building in marginalised settings. It offers practical policy implications for designing flexible, gender-responsive, and sustainable vocational programmes that align with Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 8.

The commercialization of liquid lithium-ion batteries has revolutionized the consumer electronics industry. However, conventional lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes and organic electrolytes are approaching their intrinsic performance limits and struggle to meet the growing demands for higher energy density, reliability, and safety in electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage. Solid-state batteries utilizing lithium or sodium metal anodes are considered promising next-generation energy storage solutions. Despite this potential, the formation of dendrites during charge-discharge cycling remains a critical challenge. Dendrite growth can initiate a destructive feedback loop of crack propagation and further dendrite intrusion, ultimately leading to battery failure and performance degradation. Previous studies have predominantly focused on single physical domains, such as electrochemical, stress, or thermal fields. However, such single-physics approach limits the understanding of dendrite evolution under realistic, coupled multiphysics conditions. This review first compares the morphological characteristics of dendrites in liquid and solid-state metal batteries. It then critically examines the key factors and predictive models of dendrite formation, initially from single-physics and subsequently from an integrated multiphysics perspective. Finally, strategies for mitigating dendrite growth via multiphysics field regulation are summarized. By establishing a comprehensive framework that integrates morphology evolution, multiphysics modeling, and suppression strategies, this work provides a foundational theoretical understanding for addressing dendrite formation in solid-state lithium and sodium metal batteries.

ABSTRACT Based on resource orchestration theory, this study investigates how technology for social good (TSG) affects business model innovation (BMI) through the mediating role of dynamic capabilities (DC) and the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Analyzing a sample of 200 Chinese technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we employ confirmatory factor analysis, hierarchical regression, and the bootstrap method to test our hypotheses. Empirical results show that TSG significantly and positively promotes BMI. DC partially mediate this relationship, and EO positively moderates the direct link between TSG and BMI. These findings advance the theoretical understanding of BMI drivers and provide implications for SMEs’ sustainable development in the digital economy.

ABSTRACT Women during emerging adulthood are disproportionately susceptible to sexually transmitted infections due to biological and socioeconomic vulnerabilities. Central to safe sex is the process by which women seek information regarding their male partners’ intentions to use condoms, which is complicated by the gendered nature of sexual risks and the influence of sociocultural factors. Drawing on the theory of motivated information management, we examined how relationship quality, sexual relationship power, and sexual shame were associated with sexual risk information-seeking among Chinese emerging adult women in committed heterosexual relationships. Analyses of data from 294 participants showed that relationship quality and sexual relationship power were positively associated with outcome expectancy and efficacy assessments, subsequently contributing to more information seeking behaviors about condom use. Additionally, higher levels of sexual shame were associated with lower levels of efficacy assessments, and the effect of shame on efficacy was completely mediated by negative emotions, relationship quality, and sexual relationship power. These findings contribute to theoretical understandings of sexual health information management situated within specific relational and socio-cultural contexts and offer practical implications for improving sexual negotiation in Chinese cultural contexts.

Solving tasks with others is fundamental in our daily life and requires coordinating actions with other agents in time and space. To manage such real-time interactions, humans must deal with uncertainty caused by noise and delays in sensory and motor signals. One mechanism the sensorimotor system may employ to reduce uncertainty is exploiting information from multiple sensory systems. Here, we review empirical studies examining how visual, auditory, and haptic information contribute to joint actions. A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines yielded 24 eligible studies, which we classified according to the taxonomies by Knoblich et al. (2011) - emergent vs planned coordination - and Jarrassé et al. (2012) - co-activity, cooperation, and collaboration. Across emergent and planned coordination, access to multiple sensory channels generally enhanced interpersonal coordination. The review provides indications that the weighting of sensory signals depends on their reliability and task relevance. However, studies directly testing integration principles are rare, and learning in the context of multisensory integration in joint action remains unexplored. We argue that experimentally testing multisensory integration mechanisms in joint actions and investigating training-related changes offers valuable avenues for further research, advancing theoretical understanding and practical applications across domains such as sports, rehabilitation, and human-robot interaction.

This study explores the combined effects of an internal heat source and rotation on a porous solid within the framework of nonlocal thermoelasticity as described by the Moore-Gibson-Thompson theory. By employing a non-dimensional approach, the governing equations were reformulated to highlight the underlying parameters and facilitate a more general analysis of the system. The resulting system of equations was subsequently solved using the normal mode method, yielding analytical expressions that describe the material’s displacement, temperature, and stress components. These solutions were further analyzed numerically using MATLAB, and graphical representations were generated to illustrate the effects of internal heating and rotation on the thermoelastic behavior of the porous medium. The findings reveal significant interactions between thermal and mechanical fields, offering deep insights into the performance and stability of advanced materials under complex loading conditions. This work not only advances the theoretical understanding of nonlocal thermoelasticity in porous solids but also provides practical implications for the design and optimization of engineering systems exposed to similar environmental influences.

Post-peak dynamics and epidemic overshoot in SIR-type frameworks.

Purpose - Research on entrepreneurial mindset and self-efficacy has been growing within entrepreneurship studies. The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of the higher education institutional environment on the relationship between entrepreneurial mindset and teaching self-efficacy. Design/methodology/approach - A cross-sectional quantitative data were used, using purposive and snowball sampling methods. This paper has used descriptive and correlational research design to study the phenomena. A total of 211 responses were collected from faculty members teaching in management colleges under the bachelor and master programs in Nepal. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 30 and SMART PLS 4.0, and hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling. Findings - The findings of the study indicated that the entrepreneurial mindset has a positive but non-significant direct relationship with self-efficacy. However, the institutional environment, particularly the humanistic environment (r=.628, p<.01), significantly mediated this relationship, whereas bureaucratic and entrepreneurial environments showed no mediating effect. Originality/value – This study advances theoretical understanding by bridging individual cognitive attributes with contextual institutional factors, providing a more holistic explanation of entrepreneurial behavior among faculty. The study’s value lies in its practical implications for policymakers and academic leaders to design supportive institutional frameworks that foster entrepreneurial capabilities and confidence among educators.

ABSTRACT This paper presents a global comparative analysis of the long-term transformation dynamics of industrial cities. It addresses a critical gap in urban studies by systematically examining the coupled industrial-demographic trajectories of 297 cities in the United States, Japan, and South Korea over a 70-year period from 1950 to 2020. The study introduces a novel methodological contribution: a unified typology that classifies cities based on their industrial characteristics (type and composition) and their empirically derived demographic pathways. The analysis reveals a significant temporal lag in the peak and subsequent decline of manufacturing-based economies across the three nations, corresponding to their distinct stages of national industrialization. Key findings identify divergent transformation pathways, including path-dependent decline, particularly prevalent in early-industrializing US cities with specialized heavy industry; resilient growth, common among diversified late-industrializers in Japan and Korea; and widespread stagnation in Japan, driven by the dual pressures of industrial maturation and national demographic decline. This research advances the theoretical understanding of post-industrial urban change by empirically grounding concepts of urban resilience and path dependence. Its findings provide crucial policy insights for managing sustainable urban transitions in industrial regions globally.

While artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly reshaping information consumption on social media, how algorithmic systems influence users’ behaviors has received limited attention. Drawing on affordance, social support, and social exchange theory, this study examines the effects of algorithmic affordances on reciprocal information-sharing intentions on AI-powered social media, with particular emphasis on the mediating roles of informational and emotional support. An online survey of 538 social media users in the United States reveals that content filtering and human–algorithm interplay are positively associated with perceived informational and emotional support, whereas automated decision-making shows no significant association. Both forms of social support, in turn, positively predict reciprocal intentions and mediate the relationships between algorithmic affordances and reciprocity, with emotional support exerting a stronger effect. These findings advance theoretical understanding of algorithmic affordances in information behavior and offer practical insights for designing AI-driven social media platforms that foster supportive user experiences and reciprocal engagement.

The article is an attempt to develop and justify the author’s concept of an integrative understanding of law. According to the authors, integrative legal understanding becomes especially necessary and relevant in the context of postclassical scholar rationality, striving to overcome contradictions between the main classical approaches to the concept and essence of law. The paper shows these approaches are not ideologically views of law that are antagonistic to each other, since they are inevitably united in their ideas about the essence of law as a social regulator, bringing to the fore various aspects (hypostases) of the unified essence of law, which creates theoretical prerequisites for the creation of a unified (integrative) legal understanding. The purpose of this work is to study the relationship between the essence of law and its hypostases, which are interconnected and mutually complementary manifestations of the essence that are subject to philosophical understanding and theoretical knowledge. The following tasks are addressed: to examine the main hypostases of law as a means of constructing legal reality, a social regulator, a method of conflict resolution, a means of social communication, etc., to demonstrate the relationship between the hypostases and features of law, to reveal the significance of legal freedom as an essential dimension of law, and to explore the implementation of the definition of law in various modes of legal existence. The article concludes the category of the essence of law, that serves as a worldview prerequisite for its theoretical knowledge, is not explicable by rational-discursive means. According to the authors, the essence of law is revealed through a set of hypostases that form the basis of the formal-logical and theoretical definition of law. The features of the definition are related to the hypostases of law, which are specific to different modes of legal existence. In practical activities, various features of law can be taken as a basis, which leads to pluralism and multiple definitions of law used by lawyers for practical or didactic purposes. As demonstrated in the work, this pluralism does not indicate the incompatibility of the main approaches to defining law and may be overcome at a higher level of theoretical understanding, namely, at the level of understanding the aspects of law that manifest different aspects of its essence.